2017-2018学年辽宁省大连市高二上学期开学考试英语试卷

2017-2018学年辽宁省大连市高二上学期开学考试英语试卷

辽宁省大连市2017-2018学年高二英语上学期开学考试试卷 第Ⅰ卷 第二部分阅读理解 （共两节, 满分40分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文 , 从每题所给的四个选项 （A 、B 、C 和 D ）中 , 选出最佳选项 , 并在题卡上将该项涂黑。 ‎ A Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger，but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less usable fresh water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave，the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.‎ Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages. Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall，but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.‎ Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference，too. In the United States，a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live，but there's a lot we can do to lower the number.‎ You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with，use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.‎ ‎21.What can be inferred from the text?‎ ‎　A. All water shortages are due to human behavior.‎ ‎　B. It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.‎ ‎　C. There is much we can do to reduce family size.‎ ‎　D. The average family in America makes proper use of water.‎ ‎22. The last paragraph is intended to ________．‎ A. show us how to fix leaks at home ‎ B. tell us how to run a dishwasher C. prove what drinking glass is best for us ‎ D. suggest what we do to save water at home ‎ ‎23. The text is mainly about _______‎ ‎　A．why paving roads reduces our water ‎ B．how much we depend on water to live ‎　C．why droughts occur more in dry climates ‎　D．how human activity affects our water supply ‎ B Not all bodies of water are so evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean, an S－shaped body of water covering 33 million square miles. The Atlantic has, in a sense, replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization. Unlike real inland seas, which seem strangely still, the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness. It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets.‎ ‎　 “Storm at Sea”，a short poem written around 700, is generally regarded as one of mankind's earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.‎ ‎　　When the wind is from the west ‎　　All the waves that cannot rest ‎ ‎　　To the east must thunder on ‎ ‎　　Where the bright tree of the sun ‎　　Is rooted in the ocean's breast.‎ ‎　　As the poem suggests, the Atlantic is never dead and dull. It is an ocean that moves impressively and endlessly. It makes all kinds of noise—it is forever thundering，boiling, crashing，and whistling.‎ It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath—perhaps not so noticeably out in mid－ocean，but where it meets land, its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach. It mimics(模仿)nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature. It is filled with symbiotic existences，too; unimaginable quantities of creatures，little and large alike，mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony, giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat, a kind of sub－ocean vitality. And it has a psychology. It has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant, on rare occasions rough and wild; always it is strong and striking.‎ ‎24.Unlike real inland seas, the Atlantic Ocean is ________．‎ ‎　　A．always energetic B．not enough in liveliness ‎ C．shaped like a square D．favored by ancient poets ‎25. What is the purpose of using the poem “Storm at Sea” in the passage?‎ ‎　　A．To describe the movement of the waves.‎ ‎　　B．To show the strength of the storm.‎ ‎　　C．To represent the power of the ocean.‎ ‎　　D．To prove the vastness of the sea.‎ ‎26. What does the underlined word “symbiotic” mean?‎ ‎　 A．Living together. B．Growing fast.‎ ‎ C．Moving harmoniously. D．Breathing peacefully.‎ ‎27. In the last paragraph, the Atlantic is compared to ________．‎ ‎　 A．a beautiful and poetic place B．a flesh and blood person ‎ C．a wonderful world D．a lovely animal C ‎ Many drivers dream of the day when they can sit back while their car drives itself. While several companies are working hard to make it a reality, self-driving cars still face many problems.‎ ‎ Google was one of the first to get into this industry. It has been developing self-driving cars since 2009, and its new driverless car is called Firefly.‎ ‎ The two-seater car has a cute, round shape. Its front end looks like a friendly face: The “eyes” are headlights, the “nose” is a laser sensor and radar. ‎ ‎ Another group of radars, lasers and cameras sits on top of the roof and gives the cars a 360-degree “view”. They are linked to computer software that can identify people, cars, road signs, and traffic lights, and thus tell the car to make turns and stops.‎ ‎ But the driverless car is only a “fair weather friend”, the Daily Mail commented.‎ ‎ According to the MIT Technology Review, the current driverless cars can’t react like a human driver. They can’t drive in heavy rain or snow.‎ ‎ Chris Urmson, director of the Google car team, said that this is because the detection technology is not yet good enough to separate certain objects from weather conditions.‎ ‎ In the cars’ “eyes”, raindrops and snowflakes are the same as rocks, and cars stop for them.‎ ‎ But if the manhole ahead is uncovered, they drive over it without hesitation.‎ ‎ Also, if a police officer waves at the side of the road to ask traffic to stop, the cars cannot understand them. ‎ ‎ Despite all these problems, Urmson said driverless cars will “happen more quickly than people think” – perhaps as soon as in five years’ time.‎ ‎ But even at that time, driverless cars won’t be truly “driverless”.‎ ‎ In the US, driverless cars are only allowed on roads in certain states if someone sits in the driver’s seat.‎ ‎ European countries, Mexico, Chile, Brazil, and Russia follow the United Nations Convention (公约) on Road Traffic. The convention used to say: “Every driver shall at all times be able to control his vehicle or to guide his animals.” A change was agreed in May, allowing a car to drive itself as long as a driver is in the car and able to take the wheel at any time.‎ ‎28. Which of the following is TRUE about driverless cars?‎ ‎ A. The equipment on top of their roofs helps the cars to get a full view of the area around them.‎ ‎ B. They look completely different from normal cars.‎ ‎ C. It is illegal for them to drive on roads according to the United Nations Convention on road traffic.‎ D. The cars’ software analyzes the information it gets from the radars and then adjusts the radars’ directions.‎ ‎29. According to the article, the current driverless cars stop when ______. ‎ A. it is thundering B. there is an uncovered manhole ahead C. the traffic lights are red D. a police officer suggests that they do so ‎30. What’s one of the “problems” facing driverless cars according to the article?‎ ‎ A. How to make them run faster.‎ ‎ B. How to guide the cars when the GPS fails to work.‎ ‎ C. How to power the cars using greener energy.‎ ‎ D. How to improve their detection technology.‎ ‎31. What best describes Urmson’s attitude to the development of driverless cars?‎ ‎ A. Excited. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Worried. ‎ D Every day millions of Americans drink water and other liquid from plastic bottles. More than 60 million of them are thrown away each day. Many of the plastic bottles end up in landfills or are burned with other waste products.‎ ‎ A San Francisco start-up company called Roth’s, has found a way to turn used plastic bottles into women’s shoes. Roth Martin is the company’s founder. He says that they take the plastic, clean it, and break it down into small pieces. Then they press it through a device() that makes soft fibers. Those fibers are then combined, or knit together. This is done by a three-dimensional knitting machine. With the help of the machine, waste can be reduced while making shoes. The knitted fabric and inner part of the shoe are then attached to the shoe’s outer part, called the sole. This outer sole is also made from responsibly sourced no-carbon rubber.‎ ‎ Rothy’s shoes are sold online. They are flat shoes, with either a rounded or pointed toe. They come in different colors and designs. They cost either $125 or $145 per pair, depending on the design. After American actress Gwyneth Paltrow discovered them last year, the demand for the shoes grew. Martin says, “We’re not going to run out of plastic bottles any time soon. So we have an endless supply of material and I think that foretells our future.‎ ‎ The biggest advantage of these shoes is that when they wear out, customers can return them at no cost to a company that uses the recycled materials to make other products. For now, the shoes are only available to be shipped in the United States. However, the company says it will add international shipping in the near future.‎ ‎32. What is the three-dimensional knitting machine used for while making shoes?‎ ‎ A. Reducing waste B. Making fibers soft ‎ C. Dissolving plastic D. breaking down plastic ‎33. What can we learn from what Martin said in Paragraph 3?‎ ‎ A. Plastic population is getting worse and worse now.‎ ‎ B. Rothy’s shoes need to be improved in the future.‎ ‎ C. There is no shortage of material to fill that demand.‎ ‎ D. Rothy’s shoes are becoming more and more popular.‎ ‎34. What’s the biggest feature of Rothy’s shoes?‎ ‎ A. They are much more comfortable B. They are environmentally friendly ‎ C. They are much cheaper D. They are easy to wear out ‎35. What may be the best title of the text?‎ ‎ A. The Future of Plastic Bottles B. Recycled Bottles Finding New Life ‎ C. A San Francisco Start-up Company D. A New Way to Make Shoes 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分, 满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Green is an important colour in nature. It is the colour of grass and the leaves on trees. 36 .Sometimes, the word green means young, fresh and growing. ‎ Sometimes, it describes something that is not yet ripe or finished. 37 A person with a green thumb seems to have a magic touch that makes plants grow quickly and well. You might say that woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants have died.‎ The Green Revolution is the name given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains. 38 The Green Revolution was the result of hard work by agricultural scientists who had green thumbs.‎ ‎39 ．The green－eyed monster is not a frightening creature from outer space. It is an expression used to describe the unpleasant feeling when someone else has something he wants.‎ ‎ In most places in the world，a green light is a sign to move ahead. 40 ．In everyday speech, a green light means approval to continue with a project. We want you to know we have a green light to continue this series next week.‎ A. For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience, who is new to a situation.‎ B. Green is also the color used to describe the powerful feeling, jealousy (嫉妒).‎ C. Someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb.‎ D. A green light on a traffic signal means your car can continue on.‎ E. The new plants produced much larger crops F. It is also the colour of most growing plants.‎ G. About one hundred years ago, having a green thumb was a popular expression in the American west.‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节, 满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题; 每题1.5分, 满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ I was at a coffee shop last night taking in a wonderful folk music performance, and was busy tapping my feet, and singing along to the 41 tunes!‎ When I got up to get a cup of coffee and a cookie, I 42 a middle-aged woman nearby．She had 43 been caught in a fire of some sort. Her face had been seriously 44 ，so that the skin looked very tight．She almost had no nose．and her eyes were tiny．I took a deep breath, and went back to my 45 ，thinking how brave she was to come out and 46 in public．I also felt 47 of myself for shuddering（战栗）and 48 while I headed back to my seat，unable to 49 even a weak smile.‎ As I was sipping（啜饮）my coffee and eating my cookie，I kept thinking about 50 I should take no notice of this moment and just mind my own business，or do something about my 51 ．I couldn’t let it go．I went for a refill of coffee and to get another cookie，but this time I 52 the woman slowly，and said，“Isn’t he a wonderful performer ?”and gave her a largest 53 I was able to give．To my 54 ，she looked right at me and gave me a huge one in return!‎ I’m sure it took this woman a 55 time to find her smile after her terrible 56 ．I believe that my smile 57 her day，and hers also made me very happy．She seemed to have 58 to find peace with herself，and I was 59 ，because her smile had made her beautiful.‎ ‎ Sometimes it takes 60 to smile，considering how hard life can be．‎ ‎41.A．sad B．relaxing C．remaining D．misleading ‎42.A．recognized B．realised C．imagined D．noticed ‎43.A．obviously B．naturally C．suddenly D．regularly ‎44.A．cut B．burned C．beaten D．wounded ‎45.A．space B．shop C．stage D．seat ‎46.A．sat B．perform C．appear D．suffer ‎47.A．fearful B．ashamed C． tired D．proud ‎48.A．breaking down B．standing up C．giving up D．looking down ‎49.A．send B．lend C．hide D．cause ‎50.A．if B．why C. whether D．how ‎51.A．lives B．feelings C．smiles D．impressions ‎52.A．approached B．passed C．left D．pushed ‎53.A．hug B．smile C．fortune D．cookie ‎54.A．surprise B．embarrassment C．joy D．regret ‎55.A．good B．special C．short D．long ‎56.A．accident B．dream C．fire D．journey ‎57.A．marked B．praised C．brightened D．reminded ‎58.A．prepared B．decided C．failed D．managed ‎59.A．anxious B．puzzled C．delighted D．cruious ‎60.A．courage B．ability C．strength D．patience ‎. 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分 英语知识运用 第二节 （共10分; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ It was a very cold evening. 61 old man was waiting for a ride across the river. He saw several horsemen pass by but he didn’t ask for any help. The wait seemed 62 (end)．Then came another rider. The old man 63 (catch) his eye and said,“Sir, would you mind doing me a favor？”‎ Stopping his horse，he replied,“Of course.”Almost 64 (freeze), the old man could not get off the ground. The horseman helped him onto his horse. He took the old man not just across the river, 65 to his home.‎ ‎“Sir, you didn’t even ask the other riders for help, why? What 66 I had said‘no’and left you there？” the horseman asked. The old man looked at him straight in the eyes and said, “I looked into their eyes, I found they didn’t care, 67 told me it would be useless, but when I looked into 68 , I saw kindness.”‎ These words touched the rider deeply. “Thank you for 69 you’ve said, I hope I will never be too busy to help others.” with that, Thomas Jefferson, the 70 (three) president of the US, turned his horse around and went away.‎ 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; ‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ As we know that, body language is important in our life for some reason. Firstly，it makes our communication more colorful. It's real hard to imagine a conversation without any body language. How dull and boring it will be talk without any gestures，face expressions or any other body movements! Secondly, body language makes our communication much effective. Taking a good speaker for example，his body movements will help him leave a deeper and stronger impression to listeners. Finally, sometimes we have to use body language. On some occasions(场合)，we are not allowed to speak loudly in the library. However，when we meet someone in the street，there is no need for them to stop for a long chat，so a nod or a wave may be OK. ‎ 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)‎ 自从进入高中以来，你感到学习的任务增加了，而且学习的压力也更大了。请你结合以下要点写篇英语短文，谈谈如何正确面对和释放压力。‎ 要点包括：1. 以正确的态度对待压力；‎ ‎ 2. 通过与人沟通交谈等来释放压力；‎ ‎ 3. 积极参加体育活动。‎ 要求： 1. 100词左右；‎ ‎ 2. 可适当增加内容以使行文连贯；‎ ‎ 3. 内容包括以上要点。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案 21．B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“good management”、第三段中的“the way we use water ‎ every day”，以及第四段中的“take steps to save water in your home”可知，为满足我们用水的需求，需要做的努力还有很多。‎ ‎22．D　推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词“last paragraph”定位到该段第一句“You can take steps to save water in your home.”，且它后面的内容都是围绕这个主题句展开的。‎ ‎23．D　主旨大意题。根据题干中的关键词“mainly about”定位到全文的内容。文章第一段讲的是“铺设马路、停车场会导致地下水减少”，后三段讲述了“为了满足我们的用水需求，我们能做些什么”。所有这些讲的都是人类活动对地球水资源供给的影响，故选D。‎ ‎24．A 　细节理解和逻辑推理题。inland seas比较平静，而大西洋充满生命律动的浩瀚与同为西方文化摇篮的地中海形成鲜明的对比。 　‎ ‎25．C　写作方法题。该诗句描写大西洋的壮美：当西风信然而至时，大西洋的波浪开始涌动，以雷霆万钧之势，凸显大西洋的磅礴气势。 　‎ ‎26．A　词义推断题。作者先把大西洋比作生命的律动，然后又把她的其他禀赋铺陈于后，因此该词此处应该指“共生共存”‎ ‎27．B　写作方法题。该文通过诗词和拟人化的描写把大西洋比作有血有肉的人。‎ ‎【要点综述】 该文既是对地理知识的陈列，也是对文学作品的铺陈。大西洋的壮美和静态的内海迥然不同，大西洋好比是一个富有生命力且有血有肉的人。‎ ‎28-31 ACDC 32-35 ACBB 36-40 FAEBD ‎41-50 BDABD CBDAC 51-60 BABCD ACDCA ‎61.An 62. endless  63. caught  64. frozen  65. but  66. if  67. which 68. yours  69. what  70. third 改错：That去掉 reasons really to ^ talk facial ‎ ‎ much-more Take to-on/upon However-Also/Besides them-us 作文 ‎ Since I entered senior high school, I can feel more pressure from my teachers and parents with my learning load increasing. So it is important to learn how to deal with pressure. First of all, we should develop a positive attitude towards pressure because everybody has pressure and pressure is everywhere. Second, we should try to relieve our pressure in correct ways. When I feel stressed, I would talk to my parents or good friends so that they can share my problems. Sometimes I listen to my favorite song and sing out loud with the singer. In this way, I feel much better. Besides, I can reduce my pressure by playing sports with friends. If we can do as above mentioned, I do believe we can set free from pressure and enjoy our school life.‎