上海市控江中学2018-2019学年高二上学期10月阶段性测试英语试题

上海市控江中学2018-2019学年高二上学期10月阶段性测试英语试题

控江中学2018-2019学年高二第一学期 英语试卷 Part One I.Cloze (30%)‎ Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ 完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1--15的相应位置上。‎ People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and children keep healthy while playing with others. However, playing sports can have___1___effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports,40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these,18,000,000 say they have been___2___at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad___3___of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.‎ Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main___4___of too much aggression in children’s sports. They believe children___5___aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that___6___is everything. Many parents go to children’s sporting events and shout___7___at other players or cheer when their child behaves___8___As well, children are even taught that hurting other players is___9___or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured.___10___,the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.‎ As a society, we really need to___11___this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches___12___should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach ‎ children better___13___They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to___14___themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that___15___is not as important as winning.‎ ‎1. A. restrictive B. negative C. active D. instructive ‎2. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted ‎3. A. impression B. concept C. taste D. expectation ‎4. A. resource B. cause C. course D. consequence ‎5. A. question B. understand C. copy D. neglect ‎6. A. winning B. practising C. fun D. sport ‎7. A. praises B. orders C. remarks D. insults ‎8. A. proudly B. ambitiously C. aggressively D. bravely ‎9. A. acceptable B. impolite C. possible D. accessible ‎10. A. By contrast B. In addition C. As a result D. After all ‎11. A. look up to B. face up to C. make up for D. come up with ‎12. A. in particular B. in all C. in return D. in advance ‎13. A. techniques B. means C. values D. directions ‎14. A. respect B. relax C. forgive D. enjoy ‎15. A. body B. fame C. health D. spirit ‎【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 略 Part Two II. Grammar(11%)‎ Section A Directions: After reading the passage below fill in each blank with the proper forms of the given words to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.‎ Sports shoes that work out ___16___ their owner has enough exercise to warrant time in front of the television have been devised in the UK. The shoes — named Square Eyes — contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter passes the information to a receiver ___17___ (connect) to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the day’s efforts.‎ The design was inspired by a desire to fight ___18___ the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British teenagers, says Gillian Swan, ___19___ developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University to London, UK. “We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,” she says. “And I wanted to tackle that with my design.” ___20___ a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically ___21___ (switch) off. And further time in front of the TV ___22___ only be earned through more steps.‎ Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of ___23___. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes ___24___ (equal) precisely one minute of TV time.‎ Existing pedometers（计步器）normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked ___25___ recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be ___26___ (hard) for lazy teenagers to cheat. “It is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,” she says. “That was one of my main design considerations.”‎ ‎【答案】16. whether ‎ ‎17. connected ‎ ‎18. against ‎ ‎19. who 20. Once ‎ ‎21. switches ‎ ‎22. can 23. both ‎ ‎24. equals 25. into ‎ ‎26. harder ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了一款记录孩子跑步数和看电视时间的鞋子，以限制孩子看电视时间，避免孩子肥胖。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查连接词。分析句子可知，work out 后接宾语从句，宾语从句的主语为 their owner，谓语为has，宾语为 enough exercise。句中缺少表示“是否”的连接词whether。故填 whether。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查形容词短语。be connected to “与连接”为固定短语。本句为ed结尾的形容词短语作receiver的后置定语。故填connected。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查介词。由“ rapidly ballooning waistlines”可知，空处应填against。fight against“跟…斗争”为固定短语。故填against。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查关系代词。分析句子可知，Gillian Swan为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作developed的主语，所以关系代词为who。故填who。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查从属连词。分析句子可知，本句为once引导的时间状语从句。故填Once。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查一般现在时。once引导的时间状语从句，主句为一般现在时，主语为the television ，谓语为switches。故填switches。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查情态动词。句意：而看电视的时间只能通过更多的走步来获得。分析句子可知，本句缺少情态动词can。故填can。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：Swan利用推荐的日常锻炼和看电视的时间，来计算如何将锻炼时间转换为看电视的时间。分析句子可知，Swan利用推荐的日常锻炼和看电视的时间。所以“日常锻炼和看电视的时间”是两者。故填both。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查一般现在时。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为 every 100 steps，谓语为equals。every和数字连用时,后面接复数名词，谓语用单数。故填equals。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查介词。be tricked into“被诱使做某事”为固定短语。故填into。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：但是她鞋子对那些企图作弊的懒孩子来说就有点困难。分析句子可知，鞋子的设计对那些企图作弊的懒孩子来说更难了。所以用形容词比较级harder。故填harder。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。‎ ‎(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。‎ ‎(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。‎ 分析小题4的句子可知，Gillian Swan为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作developed的主语，所以关系代词为who。故填who。‎ Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ Youth sport has the ___27___ to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be ___28___ active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are ___29___ for the learning of motor skills(运动技能); these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport ___30___. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport ___31___ design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.‎ Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté (2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules ___32___ from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children ___33___ change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone’s backyard). When ___34___ in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior (having fun).‎ On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are ___35___ by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. ‎ When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when ___36___ are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skill in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable.‎ Although the drills used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.‎ ‎【答案】27. E 28. B ‎ ‎29. H 30. I ‎ ‎31. A 32. C ‎ ‎33. J 34. K ‎ ‎35. D 36. G ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了青少年运动有可能在孩子的发展中帮助孩子完成三个重要目标，强身健体、心理发展和运动技能。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词。分析句子可知。the后接名词，由“accomplish three important objectives”可知，空处填potential“潜能”have the potential to do sth “由潜能做某事”。故填E。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查副词。分析句子可知，本空应填副词来修饰形容词active，由“physical health”可知，空处填副词physically。故填B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词。be critical for“对.很重要”符合句意。故填H。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。分析句子可知，由“future national sport stars”可知，空处填名词participants“参加者”。故填 I。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查主谓一致和名词复数。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，谓语为design ,所以主语为复数，由“coachers”可知，空处填organizations“组织”。故填A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查ed结尾的形容词短语。be adapted from “根据改编”为固定短语，本句为形容词短语作后置定语。故填C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查副词。分析句子可知，空处应填副词修饰动词changed, 由“their game is similar to the actual sport”可知，typically“通常地”符合句意。故填J。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查省略句。be involved in“参与.”为固定短语，且符合句意。本句为省略句，还原为：when children are involved in。故填 K。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词。be motivated by “被激励”符合句意。故填D。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词复数和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处缺少主语，由“When individuals are involved in ”可知，空处填名词individuals“个人”。故填G。‎ Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎(A)‎ The 2012 London Olympics had enough problems to worry about. But one more has just been added - a communications blackout caused by solar storms.‎ ‎ After a period of calm within the Sun, scientists have detected the signs of a flesh cycle of sunspots that could peak in 2012, just in time for the arrival of the Olympic torch in London.‎ ‎ Now scientists believe that this peak could result in vast solar explosions that could throw billions of tons of charged matter towards the Earth, causing strong solar ‎ storms that could jam the telecommunications satellites and interact links sending five Olympic broadcast from London.‎ ‎ "The Sun's activity has a strong influence on the Earth. The Olympics could be in the middle of the next solar maximum which could affect the functions of communications satellites," said Professor Richard Harrison, head of space physics at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Oxfordshire. ‎ ‎ At the peak of the cycle, violent outbursts called coronal mass ejections (日冕物质抛射) occur in the Sun's atmosphere, throwing out great quantities of electrically-charged matter. " A coronal mass ejection can carry a billion tons of solar material into space at over a million kilometres per hour. Such events can expose astronauts to a deadly amount, can disable satellites, cause power failures on Earth and disturb communications," Professor Harrison added. The risk is greatest during a solar maximum when there is the greatest number of sunspots.‎ ‎ Next week in America, NASA is scheduled to launch a satellite for monitoring solar activity called the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which will take images of the Sun that are 10 times clearer than the most advanced televisions available.‎ ‎ The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory helped to make the high-tech cameras that will capture images of the solar flares (太阳耀斑) and explosions as they occur.‎ ‎ Professor Richard Hold away, the lab's director, said that the SDO should be able to provide early warning of a solar flare or explosion big enough to affect satellite communications on Earth "If we have advance warning, we'll be able to reduce the damage. What you don't want is things switching off for a week with no idea of what's caused the problem," he said.‎ ‎37. The phrase "communications blackout" in paragraph 1 most probably refers to during the 2012 Olympics.‎ A. the extinguishing of the Olympic torch B. the collapse of broadcasting systems C. the transportation breakdown in London D. the destruction of weather satellites ‎38. What can be inferred about the solar activity described in the passage?‎ A. The most fatal matter from the corona falls onto Earth.‎ B. The solar storm peak occurs in the middle of each cycle.‎ C. It takes several seconds for the charged matter to reach Earth.‎ D. The number of sunspots declines after coronal mass ejections.‎ ‎39. According to the passage, NASA will launch a satellite to _________.‎ A. take images of the solar system B. provide early warning of thunderstorms C. keep track of solar activities D. improve the communications on Earth ‎40. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?‎ A. Solar Storms: An Invisible Killer B. Solar Storms: Earth Environment in Danger C. Solar Storms: Threatening the Human Race D. Solar Storms: Human Activities to Be Troubled ‎【答案】37. B 38. D 39. C 40. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎(B)‎ Elixir written by Eric Walters Twelve-year-old Roth becomes a friend of Dr. Banting and his assistant, Mr. Best,who are in search of a cure for diabetes (糖尿病). She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.‎ George Washington Carver written by Elizabeth Macleod Meet the "Peanut specialist", George Washington Carver, the inventor and professor who made over 325 products out of peanuts. Through his agricultural research, he also greatly improved the lives of countless black farmers in the southern Unite ‎ States. See also MacLeod's Albert Einstein: A life of Genius.‎ The Inuit Thought of it: Amazing Arctic Innovation written by Alootook Ipellie and David MacDonald.‎ Explore more than 40 ideas necessary to Inuit survival. From ideas familiar to us today to inventive concepts that shaped their lives, celebrate the creativity of a remarkably intelligent people. Also see other books: the Chinese thought of it by Tingxing Ye and A Native American Thought of it by Rocky Landon and David MacDonald.‎ Made in Canada:101 Amazing Achievements written by Bev Spencer What things do we use daily that have a Canadian connection? Here Are 101 common things that were invented in Canada or by a Canadian, including the Blackberry, alkaline (碱) batteries the Blue Box recycling program.‎ Newton and the Time Machine written by Michael McGowan Ten-year-old boy Newton has invented a time machine to see Dinosaurs up close.‎ But it disappears on a test run with his two huge friends, King Herbert and Queen Gertrude, in it! Can he save them before time runs out?‎ ‎41. Which of the following best describes Roth's feeling in Book 1?‎ A. Frightened. B. Curious.‎ C. Painful. D. Disappointed.‎ ‎42. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Book 3 introduces 40 inventive concepts.‎ B. Animals are mentioned in Book 1 and Book 5.‎ C. Alkaline batteries were invented by Dr. Banting.‎ D. George Washington Carver was a black farmer in the US.‎ ‎43. In Book 5, King Herbert and Queen Gertrude are _____.‎ A. Newton's human friends B. the names of the time machine C. the inventions of the time machine D. two dinosaurs ‎44. If you are interested in native Americans, you may read the book by _____.‎ A. Elizabeth Macleod B. Eric Walters C. Rocky London & David MacDonald D. Bev Spencer ‎【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了五本书，包括书名称、作者、书的主要内容。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由Elixir中的“She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.”可知，Roth发现自己在同情那些被试验的动物和Banting and Best的友谊之间感到左右为难。所以通过关键词“ torn”可以判断出，painful“痛苦的”能够描述第一本书中Roth的情感。故选C项。‎ ‎42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Elixir中的“her sympathy for the animals”和Newton and the Time Machine中的“to see Dinosaurs up close”可知，在第一本和第五本书中都提到了动物。故选B项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由Newton and the Time Machine中的“Ten-year-old boy Newton has invented a time machine to see Dinosaurs up close. But it disappears on a test run with his two huge friends, King Herbert and Queen Gertrude, in it!”可知，10岁的孩子牛顿发明了一台能够密切观察恐龙的机器，但是这台机器和机器里的两个朋友King Herbert 和Queen Gertrude消失了。发明机器是为了观察恐龙，所以King Herbert 和Queen Gertrude是两只恐龙。故选D项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由The Inuit Thought of it: Amazing Arctic Innovation中的“..A Native American Thought of it by Rocky Landon and David MacDonald”可知，如果你对美国原住民感兴趣，你可以读Rocky Landon and David MacDonald写的书。故选C项。‎ ‎(C)‎ Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research ‎ around the world.‎ For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.‎ The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.‎ If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.‎ ‎45. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?‎ A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.‎ B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.‎ C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.‎ D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.‎ ‎46. “The heyday of the snowman” （paragraph 4） means the time when___________.‎ A. snowmen were made mainly by artists B. snowmen enjoyed great popularity C. snowmen were politically criticized D. snowmen caused damaging floods ‎47. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.‎ A. the start of the parade B. the coming of a longer summer C. the passing of the winter D. the success of tradesmen ‎48. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?‎ A. They were appreciated in history B. They have lost their value C. They were related to movies D. They vary in shape and size ‎【答案】45. C 46. B 47. C 48. A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文讲述历史的文化标志：雪人。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ C 细节理解题 根据第二段第二句“ At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky 在那时，表达方式的方法有限，雪就像是来自于上天的一种自由艺术。”. 这说明雪的流行是因为它是一种表达的方式，关键词是express，而且means 和way 同义。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ B 细节理解题 根据黑体字后面的内容“has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. 已经过去了，不用担心：我了解到一些历史的雪人现在依然在制造。”这表明担心的是现在没有了这样的东西，换句话说就是现在不再流行，所以答案就是B。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ C 细节理解题 根据“celebrate the beginning of spring ….庆祝春天的开始”，可以知道答案应该是冬天的过去，也就是春天的开始。所以答案是C。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ A 推理题根据文章的第一句话look to many of history’s cultural symbols回顾许多的历史文化标志，另外整篇文章出现过很多的history，结合上下文可以知道答案是A （雪人在历史上是受欣赏的。）另外也可以根据排除法，排除其他选项。比如B选项，他们的价值现在依然存在，所以它的表达错误。C选项，雪人的确是与电影有关，但是这个答案不可以通过文章得出来。D选项在文章中没有提及这个内容。‎ ‎【考点定位】这是一篇说明文 V Translation ‎49. 去年以来，这种商品的价格保持不变。(remain)‎ ‎50. 她论文中不仅提到了这个现象，并且做出了深入分析。(refer, in addition)‎ ‎51. 尽管父亲告诉她拳击男性运动，她还是在 11 岁时开始拳击训练。(despite)‎ ‎52. 地铁的建造是为了满足周边居民的需求，到达那些原本无法抵达的地方。(response)‎ ‎53. 如果你不确定是否当众示爱是禁忌，你可以请教当地人，以免不知不觉地侮辱和冒犯到他们。(unsure)‎ ‎【答案】49. The price of this commodity has remained unchanged since last year ‎ ‎50. Not only did she refer to this phenomenon in her paper, but she made in-depth analysis in addition ‎ ‎51. She started training boxing at the age of 11, despite the fact that her father told her that boxing was a male sport. ‎ ‎52. The subway was built to make a response to the needs of surrounding residents and to reach those places where they couldn’t reach before. ‎ ‎53. If you are unsure of whether showing affection in public is a taboo, you can ask local people to help you avoid insulting and offending them unconsciously.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查remain相关用法和现在完成时。分析句子可知，since +过去一个时间点，句子为现在完成时，主语为The price of this commodity，系动词为has ‎ remained后接表语unchanged。再根据其它汉语提示。翻译为：The price of this commodity has remained unchanged since last year。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查refer,和in addition相关用法和部分倒装以及一般过去时。分析句子可知，本句为Not only.but also 引导的部分倒装句，Not only.but also之间的句子为部分倒装句，且句子为一般过去时。 refer to“提及”为固定短语。in addition“另外”在句中作状语，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Not only did she refer to this phenomenon in her paper, but she made in-depth analysis in addition。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查despite相关用法和一般现在时。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，despite为介词后接名词fact作宾语，fact后接that引导的同位语从句。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：She started training boxing at the age of 11, despite the fact that her father told her that boxing was a male sport。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查response相关用法和一般现在时以及定语从句。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为The subway，谓语为was built, 动词不定式to make a response to the needs of surrounding residents and to reach those places作目的状语。再分析，places为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语。关系副词为where。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：The subway was built to make a response to the needs of surrounding residents and to reach those places where they couldn’t reach before。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查unsure相关用法和if引导的条件状语从句。分析句子可知，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，主句将来时，从句用一般现在时。条件状语从句的主语为you，be unsure of “不确定..”为固定短语。of为介词后接whether引导的宾语从句，avoid 后接doing作宾语。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：If you are unsure of whether showing affection in public is a taboo, you can ask local people to help you avoid insulting and offending them unconsciously。‎ ‎ ‎