高考英语一轮复习精讲学案:冠词

申明敬告: 本站不保证该用户上传的文档完整性,不预览、不比对内容而直接下载产生的反悔问题本站不予受理。

文档介绍

高考英语一轮复习精讲学案:冠词

冠 词 ‎1.表示“某一个”,相当于some,译为“一个”。‎ ‎—Could you tell me the way to the Johnsons,please?——请告诉我去约翰逊家怎么走?‎ ‎—Sorry,we don’t have a Johnson here in the village.‎ ‎——对不起,这个村庄里没有一个叫约翰逊的人。‎ Each of the students wanted to be a live Lei Feng.‎ 每位学生都想成为活雷锋。‎ ‎2.a+most表示“很”“非常”。‎ Qingdao‎ is a most beautiful city.‎ 青岛是一个非常美丽的城市。‎ ‎3.序数词前一般加定冠词the 表示顺序,但序数词前可加不定冠词a(n),表示“另一个;又一个”。‎ Although he has failed twice,he would like to try a third time.‎ 尽管他已经失败了两次,但他还想再试一次。‎ ‎4.有些不可数名词如knowledge,collection,understanding 等是由其动词转化而来,它们后面加of...时,前面需用不定冠词a/an。‎ Tom owns a larger collection of books than any other student in our class.在我们班中,汤姆收集的书最多。‎ Many people agreed that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.许多人都持相同的看法,在当前国际贸易交往中,英语知识是必备的知识。‎ ‎5.不定冠词可用在形容词的比较级、最高级与序数词之前。“不定冠词+形容词的比较级+单数名词”表示“更……的一个”;“不定冠词+形容词的最高级”无比较意义。‎ He went to the USA in search of a better life.‎ 为了寻找更美好的生活他去了美国。‎ ‎6.不定冠词a(n)用于有形容词修饰的一日三餐前。‎ ‎(2007·山东卷)The walk is expected to last all day,so bring a packed lunch.‎ 这段路程预计要走一整天,所以带一份盒装午饭。‎ ‎1.(2011·湖南十二校联考)If we expect ________much cleaner world,we should attract ________world’s attention to protecting the world.‎ A.a;a     B.a;/‎ C.a;the    D.the;/‎ 解析: 考查冠词。第一空为泛指,指“一个更加干净的世界”;第二空world 前通常用定冠词。‎ 答案: C ‎2.(2010·北京卷)First impressions are the most lasting.After all,you never get________second chance to make________first impression.‎ A.a;the    B.the;the C.a;a    D.the;a 解析: 句意为:第一印象最持久。毕竟,你不会再有机会去形成第一印象。第一空后有second,在此表示再一次机会,而不是表顺序,应用不定冠词;第二空中的第一印象是泛指,也不是表示顺序,又根据题干可以判断impression 在此处是可数名词,可数名词单数表泛指时须用不定冠词,故选C项。‎ 答案: C ‎3.(2011·南京模拟)We work together to achieve our common purpose:________world that is safer,cleaner and healthier than ________one we found.‎ A.the;the    B.a;/‎ C.a;the    D.the;/‎ 解析: 考查冠词的用法。第一空表示泛指,用不定冠词;第二空后面由we found 限定,表特指,用定冠词。‎ 答案: C ‎1.与某些可数名词单数连用,表示一类人或事物。‎ The camel is a very useful animal in desert.‎ 骆驼是沙漠中一种很有用的动物。‎ ‎2.用在上文已出现过或说话双方都熟悉的事物前,表示特指意义。‎ ‎—Did you enjoy yourself yesterday?‎ ‎——你昨天玩得开心吗?‎ ‎—Yes,as you know,the party went on in a pleasant atmosphere.‎ ‎——是的,正如你所知,晚会是在愉快的气氛中进行的。‎ ‎3.by+表示具体单位的名词前要用定冠词。‎ Surprisingly,in that bookstore,books are sold by the dozen.‎ 真想不到,在那个书店里书按打卖。‎ Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.‎ 在大城市里,清洁工一般按小时计算薪水。‎ ‎4.用在表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。‎ It is not rare in the 1990s that people in their fifties are going to university for further education.‎ 在二十世纪九十年代五十多岁的人上大学进修是不罕见的。‎ ‎1.(2010·浙江卷)Many lifestyle patterns do such________great harm to health that they actually speed up________weakening of the human body.‎ A.a;/    B./;the C.a;the    D./;/‎ 解析: 句意为:很多生活方式对身体健康是很有害的,实际上它们能加快体质变弱。do harm to...为固定短语,意为“对……有害”;第二空为特指的用法,即特指体质变弱,故用定冠词the。‎ 答案: B ‎2.(2010·辽宁卷)There are over 58,000 rocky objects in    space,about 900 of which could fall down onto________earth.‎ A.the;the    B./;the C.the;/    D.a;the 解析: 句意为:太空中有58,000颗星体,其中有900颗左右可能坠落到地球上。第一空in space“在太空”,固定用法,类似用法还有in nature,in society 等;第二空表示地球,独一无二的事物前须加定冠词the,如the moon,the sun等,所以选B。‎ 答案: B ‎3.(2011·西城5月)—What do you think about ________dress in the shop window?‎ ‎—Oh,it’s beautiful.You may give it to Linda as ________birthday present.‎ A.a;a    B.the;a C.a;the    D.the;the 解析: 考查冠词的用法。第一空表特指橱窗里的那一件,所以要用定冠词the;第二空泛指一件礼物,所以要用不定冠词。‎ 答案: B ‎4.(2011·陕西宝鸡检测二)During the camp trip,children were fascinated by ________wonders of ________nature.‎ A./;/    B./;the C.the;/    D.the;the 解析: 考查冠词。第一空指在宿营中看到的那些大自然中的奇观,应该用定冠词表特指;第二空不用冠词,因为nature,society和space 前常不带任何冠词。‎ 答案: C ‎5.(2011·烟台四校联考)It is clear that ________little money the invention will bring him can hardly support so large ________company.‎ A./;the    B.a;the C.a;/    D.the;a 解析: 考查冠词。句意为:很显然,这项发明带给他的不多的钱很难支撑如此庞大的一个公司。此题的关键在于hardly 的暗示,说明钱不多或很少,用little 表示“少量的,不多的”,后面又有定语从句修饰,故其前应加定冠词the;第二空处是so+adj.+a+可数名词结构。‎ 答案: D ‎1.系动词turn (变成)后的单数名词作表语,用零冠词。‎ Has he turned scientist?他成为科学家了吗?‎ After graduation from college he turned teacher (became a teacher).‎ 大学毕业后,他成了一名教师。‎ ‎3.在独立主格结构中的某一形式中。‎ The teacher came in,book in hand (=with a book in his hand/holding a book in his hand/a book (held) in his hand).‎ 老师进来了,手里拿着一本书。‎ ‎4.man 意为“人类”,word 意为“消息”时,其前不用冠词。‎ Air is to man what water is to fish.‎ 人离不开空气就像鱼离不开水。‎ Word came that the Chinese Women Football Team won the second prize in the World Cup.‎ 消息传来说中国女足在世界杯获得第二。‎ ‎5.no 与such 连用时应放在such 之前,such后的名词不用冠词。‎ No such thing has ever happened in this village.‎ 村子里从未发生过这种事。‎ ‎1.(2010·江苏卷)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that________people from all walks of life are working hard for________new Jiangsu.‎ A./;a    B./;the C.the;a    D.the;the 解析: 句意为:来江苏的游客都对此印象颇深——为了一个崭新的江苏,来自各行各业的人都在努力工作着。people 为复数名词,此处为泛指的用法,故第一空用零冠词;一般地名前不用冠词,但是如果前有形容词修饰时,表示类指,前面要用不定冠词。‎ 答案: A ‎2.(2011·江西六校联考)The driver was at________loss when ________word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.‎ A.a;the    B./;/‎ C.the;the    D.a;/‎ 解析: 句意为:当由于超速驾车而被禁驾的消息传来时,那位司机感到不知所措。at a loss 为固定习语,意为:不知所措,困惑不解,亏本;word 作a piece of news,message (消息,信息)讲时,与零冠词连用。又如:Please send (me)/leave word of your safe arrival/that you have arrived safely.请您把平安到达的消息告诉我。Word came that he had been admitted to Qinghua university.消息传来说他被清华大学录取了。‎ 答案: D ‎3.(2011·东北三校第一次联考)The chairman will be pleased at ________scene that everything is in ________place.‎ A.a;a    B.the;the C.the;/    D./;the 解析: 考查冠词的用法。scene 后有定语从句修饰,是特指;in place 表示“在正确的位置,准备妥当”,是固定搭配。‎ 答案: C ‎1.(2010·山东卷)If we sit near________front of the bus,we’ll have________better view.‎ A./;the    B./;a C.the; a    D.the;the 解析: 句意为:如果我们坐在公共汽车前部,视野就会更好些。the front of 表示某物体内部的前面;比较级前加不定冠词表示“更……”。‎ 答案: C ‎2.(2010·四川卷)In ________most countries,a university degree can give you ______ flying start in life.‎ A.the;a    B.the;/‎ C./;/    D./;a 解析: 句意为:在大多数国家,一张大学文凭能够赋予你人生中一个良好的开端。most countries 为泛指,前面不用冠词;start 此处是可数名词,也是泛指,前面需用不定冠词。‎ 答案: D ‎3.(2010·重庆卷)Everything comes with________price;there is no such________thing as a free lunch in the world.‎ A.a;a    B.the;/‎ C.the;a    D.a;/‎ 解析: 句意为:一切都是有代价的,因为天下没有“免费的午餐”。第二空用“no such+单数名词”,在此结构中,因no 本身含not a(an)/any ,故单数名词前需用零冠词,排除A、C两项;第一空后的price 为单数名词,在本句中表泛指,故用不定冠词。‎ 答案: D ‎4.(2009·辽宁卷)This area experienced________heaviest rainfall in________month of May.‎ A./;a    B.a;the C.the;the    D.the;a 解析: 本题句意应为:该地区在五月经历了最大降雨。heaviest是最高级,所以其前加定冠词the。in the month of May是习惯用法,of表示同位关系。‎ 答案: C ‎5.(2009·浙江卷)I don’t understand what the engineer means,but I’ve got________rough idea of________project plan.‎ A.the;a    B./;the C.the;/    D.a;the 解析: 句意为:我不明白那个工程师的意思,但我已大致了解这个项目计划。have a rough idea是固定短语“大致了解”,而plan在本句中表特指,故用the。‎ 答案: D ‎6.(2009·安徽卷)We can never expect________bluer sky unless we create________less polluted world.‎ A.a;a    B.a;the C.the;a    D.the;the 解析: 句意为:如果我们不能创建一个污染越来越少的世界,就永远不要期待有一片更蓝的天空。世界上独一无二的名词和一些抽象名词之前如果有形容词修饰,可加不定冠词。如:a red sun一轮红日;a great success一次巨大的成功。‎ 答案: A ‎7.(2009·重庆卷)Washing machines made by China have won________worldwide attention and Haier has become______popular name.‎ A.a;the    B./;a C./;the    D.the;a 解析: 句意为:中国制造的洗衣机赢得了世界的关注,海尔已成为大众喜爱的一个品牌名称。attention是不可数名词,此处表泛指,用零冠词;name是可数名词,此处也表泛指,需用不定冠词修饰,故B项正确。‎ 答案: B ‎8.(2009·四川卷)In order to find________better job,he decided to study________second foreign language.‎ A.the;a    B.a;a C.the;the    D.a;the 解析: 句意为:为了找到一个更好的工作,他决定再学习一门外语。第一个a表示泛指;a second(...)又一。‎ 答案: B ‎9.(2009·陕西卷)What________pity that you couldn’t be there to receive________prize!‎ A.a;a    B.the;a C.a;the    D.the;the 解析: 句意为:你没能去领奖,真是遗憾!第一空中a pity为固定结构:used to show that you are disappointed about sth.“遗憾,可惜”,根据题意可知第二空后的prize(奖品)是双方都知道的事物,表特指,故用定冠词。‎ 答案: C ‎10.(2009·全国卷Ⅰ)Let’s go to________cinema—that’ll take your mind off the problem for________while.‎ A.the;the    B.the;a C.a;the    .a;a 解析: 句意为:让我们去看场电影吧——那将会让你暂时放下头脑中的问题。go to the cinema为固定搭配,意为“去看场电影”;第二空for a while为固定搭配。‎ 答案: B ‎1.(2011·海淀区第一学期期中练习)Jack had ________feeling of excitement when hearing his article had been published in ________school magazine.‎ A.the;a    B.a;the C./;the    D.the;/‎ 解析: 考查冠词的用法。have a feeling of 为固定用法,意思是:有一种……的感觉;第二空表特指。句意为:听到自己的文章已经在校刊上发表,Jack有一种兴奋的感觉。‎ 答案: B ‎2.(2011·杭州市教学质量检测)I got ________bad toothache yesterday,which kept me awake ________whole night.‎ A.a;the    B./;a C.the;a    D.a;/‎ 解析: 考查冠词。get a toothache 牙疼,是固定用法,而整个晚上(whole night)是特指昨天晚上,因此应该使用定冠词。我昨天晚上牙疼得厉害,整晚没睡。‎ 答案: A ‎3.(2011·苏锡常镇四市教学调查)China is ________vast country which is home to________amazing variety of landscapes,plants and animals.‎ A.the;the    B.a;the C.the;an    D.a;an 解析: 考查冠词的用法。第一空表示“中国是一个……样的国家”,是泛指的概念,因此填不定冠词;第二空是固定短语a variety of,只是在variety 前面加上了形容词amazing 修饰它。‎ 答案: D ‎4.(2011·东北三省四市联考)—Anyone in mind for this position?What about Jack?‎ ‎—He may be a good friend,but business is business.He is not________man for ________job.‎ A.a;a    B.the;the C.a;the    D.the;a 解析: 考查冠词的用法。第一空是泛指的概念,因此用不定冠词;第二空是特指这份工作,用定冠词。‎ 答案: C ‎5.(2011·湖南师大附中)We all hold________belief that those who have ________wonderful sense of humor are more popular.‎ A.the;a    B./;/‎ C.the;/    D.a;the 解析: 句意为:我们都认为那些有强烈幽默感的人更受欢迎。belief 后是同位语从句,第一空用the表特指;第二空a sense of homor (幽默感)为常用搭配。‎ 答案: A ‎6.(2011·青岛市模拟)________World Expo is regarded as the Olympic Games of the economy,science and technology,________expert said.‎ A.A;an    B.The;an C.The;a    D.A;the 解析: 第一空特指“世博会”,故用定冠词the;第二空泛指“一个专家”,expert 又是以元音音素开头,故用an。‎ 答案: B ‎7.(2011·山东青岛一模)I was told that________10∶15 flight would take us to Shanghai in time to reach ________Fudan University.‎ A.the;/    B.the;a C.a;the    D./;the 解析: 句意为:我被告知10∶15的航班将把我们送达上海,以便及时到达复旦大学。根据句意可知第一空表特指,故用定冠词;第二空后Fudan University 是以纯专有名词Fudan 开头的,要用零冠词。Fudan University 还可表达为“the university of Fudan”。‎ 答案: A ‎8.(2011·河南郑州测试)The students were studying in ________classroom when,all of ________sudden,the lights went out.‎ A./;/    B.a;the C.the;a    D.the;/‎ 解析: 句意为:那些学生正在教室学习,这时突然灯灭了。根据题干中的the students 可知学生是特指的,由此可推知教室也应是特指的,故第一空用定冠词;all of a sudden ‎ 为固定习语,相当于suddenly。由此可见答案为C项。‎ 答案: C ‎9.(2011·江西重点中学二模)My mother asked me to repeat________phone number ________second time so that she could write it down.‎ A.the;a    B.a;the C.an;a    D.the;the 解析: 句意为:我母亲让我再次重复那个电话号码以便她能记下。根据句意可知,第一空后的phone number 表特指,故用定冠词;“a+序数词+名词”表示“又一,再一”之意,而“the+序数词+名词”表示次序。综上所述,本题答案为A项。‎ 答案: A ‎10.(2011·潍坊市质量监测)Jack wanted to be________university student,but in________entrance examination he missed by a mile.‎ A.a;an    B.an;the C.the;an    D.a;the 解析: 考查冠词。a university student 一名大学生,表泛指;the entrance examination 特指入学考试。‎ 答案: D ‎11.(2011·济南期中考试)—Stay a bit longer,please.It’s been such________fun having you here.‎ ‎—Thank you,but I’ve got________early start tomorrow morning.‎ A./;the    B.a;an C./;an    D.the;an 解析: 考查冠词。此题中fun为不可数名词,前面不用冠词。an early start早起。句意为:——再呆一会儿吧,有你在这里太有趣了。——谢谢,但明天早上我还要早起呢。‎ 答案: C ‎12.(2011·江西永修一中月考)—How many people are still leading________life under________poverty line in the world?‎ ‎—Perhaps one fourth,according to the report.‎ A.the;/    B.a;the C.a;a    D./;the 解析: lead a life为固定结构,故第一空填不定冠词a;第二空用the表示特指。‎ 答案: B ‎13.(2011·桂林中学月考)His failure at________first attempt didn’t disappoint him.Instead,he gathered his courage and tried________second time.‎ A.the;the    B.the;a C.a;the    D.a;a 解析: 考查冠词的用法。第一空序数词前要加定冠词the,此处指第一次尝试;a second time表示“又一次,再一次”,用不定冠词。‎ 答案: B ‎14.(2011·临川一中月考)Everyone should learn from________Lei Feng and try to be________Lei Feng.‎ A./;a    B./;/‎ C.the;the    D./;the 解析: 考查冠词。第一空提到的雷锋是众所周知的人物,人名前用零冠词,而第二空是指雷锋式的人物,所以用不定冠词。‎ 答案: A ‎15.(2011·湖南长沙一中第三次月考)Only when you stay and live with________local people for a period of time will you have________better understanding of life here.‎ A.a;/    B.the;a C./;the    D.the;the 解析: 根据句中的here可知,这里的local people是特指的概念,因此前面加定冠词,由此排除A、C两项;此外,have a better understanding of sth.是固定用法,表示“对……有更好的了解”。‎ 答案: B ‎ ‎
查看更多

相关文章

您可能关注的文档