北京市大兴区2020届高三英语第一次综合练习（一模）试题（解析版）

北京市大兴区2020届高三英语第一次综合练习（一模）试题（解析版）

2019 -2020 学年度北京市大兴区高三第一次综合练习 英语试题 本试卷共 120 分，考试时间 100 分钟.考生务必将答案写在答题卡上， 在试卷上 作答无效。 第一部分知识运用(共两节，45 分) 第一节 语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In many states, the hardest colleges to get into receive tens of thousands of applications and accept only a few of _____1_____(they). These include institutions like Harvard, which admitted less than 1 in 20 of the applicants for the 2018 - 2019 school year. Such colleges are able to rely on their reputation and fame to attract students and be ___2___( high) selective. Schools like these also tend to charge more ___3___ tuition (学费)and board. 【答案】1. them 2. highly 3. in / for 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍在美国很多州最难进入的大学的录取情况。 【1 题详解】 考查人称代词宾格。句意：在许多州，最难进入的大学会收到数以万计的申请，但只接受其 中的少数。介词 of 后面用人称代词宾格代替上面提到的 applications，表示“……中的少数”。 故填 them。 【2 题详解】 考查副词。句意：这样的大学能够依靠他们的声誉和声望来吸引学生，并具有很高的选择性。 此处形容词 selective 由副词修饰，故填 highly。 【3 题详解】 考查介词。句意：这类学校的学费和伙食费往往也更高。表示“在/为……的收费”用介词 in/for。 故填 in / for。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Most people know a leap year is every four years and that it has something to do with the earth circling the sun. But many may not be aware of ___4___purpose of this extra day. Over the past centuries, February 29 th ____5____( cause) some unusual customs, wild rumors and strange superstitions. It's all about the sun ! We grew up being told the earth takes 365 days ___6___( make) a complete circle around the sun, but it takes 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 45 seconds. 【答案】4. the 5. has caused 6. to make 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了闰年每四年一次的原因。 【4 题详解】 考查冠词。此处特指这额外一天的目的，表特指用定冠词，故填 the。 【5 题详解】 考查动词时态。句中时间状语 Over the past centuries 和现在完成时连用，主语 February 29th 是 单数，谓语动词与之一致，故填 has caused。 【6 题详解】 考查动词不定式。表示“某物花费多长时间做某事”用 sth. takes some time to do sth.结构，此 处指地球花费 365 天绕太阳转一圈，故填 to make。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since she was three years old, Elsa has focused on becoming an astronaut. She was watching childhood favorite cartoon The Backyardigans,___7___ five friends go on adventures right in their own background. During one such episode (集)，the Backyardigans go on a mission into space. After watching the episode, Elsa ___8___( attract) and began asking her dad questions about space. However, not ___9___(know) much about this， Elsa's dad together with her searched for ___10___ they can do to help fuel Elsa's dream. Now at seventeen years old, she is already widely predicted to become one of the first people to go to Mars in a few decades. 【答案】7. where 8. was attracted 9. knowing 10. what 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了从小就对太空感兴趣的艾尔莎在爸爸的支持下努力实现自己的航 天梦，现在她有望成为第一批登上火星的人之一。 【7 题详解】 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：她在看儿时最喜欢的卡通片《花园小子》，里面有五个朋友在 他们自己的背景下冒险。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词 The Backyardigans，并 在从句中作地点状语，故填 where。 【8 题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：看完这一集后，艾尔莎被吸引住了，开始问她爸爸有关太空的问题。 陈述的是过去的事情，主语 Elsa 与 attract 之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态， 且谓语动词用单数，故填 was attracted。 【9 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，艾尔莎的爸爸对这方面并不了解，于是就和艾尔莎一起寻找 可以帮助她实现梦想的方法。Elsa's dad 与 know 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，所以用 现在分词作原因状语，故填 knowing。 【10 题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意同上，分析句子结构可知空处引导宾语从句，从句中的 do 缺少宾语，故 填 what。 第二节完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I’d done it before, so I had no reason to believe that this time would be any different. I was sure that when I returned home from my ___11___ trip, I'd bring back nothing more than some mud on my boots, a hole or two in my ___12___ and, of course, a lot of great memories. The summer before my high school graduation, I went to West Virginia with others as volunteers to ___13___ the homes of those in need. My group was to help a family to change a fire-damaged dining room into a bedroom. No sooner had we ___14___ on the home's dirt driveway than we saw a ( n) ___15___ little girl, no more than six years old, standing in the doorway of the family's temporary home. ___16___ and wearing dirty clothes and the biggest smile I'd ever seen, she ___17___in delight, " Ma, Ma, they really came!" A little distance behind the girl was a woman in a wheelchair. She was her ___18___ and the girl's name was Dakota, which we soon learned. Over the following days, a few times, I ___19___ talking with her, but she remained shy and distant, always _____20_____ around us like a tiny butterfly but keeping to herself. By our final day,_____21_____, this was about to change. When talking with her grandmother, I _____22_____ something I hadn9t seen before—Dakota was hiding behind the wheelchair. After a while, _____23_____, she stepped into view, and slowly, she began walking toward me and handed me a piece of folded _____24_____. Once it was unfolded, I looked at the drawing she'd made. It was of two girls—one much taller than the other—and they were _____25_____hands side by side. She told me it was supposed to be me and her, and on the bottom of the paper were three little words, “Please don't leave! ” ，which instantly _____26_____ my heart. By early afternoon, we finished Dakota's _____27_____, and I gladly used the rare free time to listen to her stories about the struggles she and her family went through daily. I began to realize how _____28_____ my life was. I left for home early the next morning with muddy boots and holes in my jeans. But because of Dakota, I brought back _____29_____ else, too—a greater appreciation for all and the blessings of my life. I'll never forget that barefoot little butterfly with the big _____30_____. 11. A. field B. volunteer C. land D. business 12. A. jeans B. coat C. bag D. gloves 13. A. clean B. visit C. repair D. decorate 14. A. parked B. camped C. stood D. gathered 15. A. puzzled B. anxious C. frightened D. excited 16. A. Prideless B. Shoeless C. Fearless D. Shirtless 17. A. explained B. replied C. shouted D. whispered 18. A. grandmother B. aunt C. teacher D. neighbor 19. A. liked B. began C. tried D. delayed 20. A. singing B. looking C. walking D. flying 21. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. moreover 22. A. suspected B. imagined C. noticed D. examined 23. A. cautiously B. carelessly C. quickly D. curiously 24. A. leaflet B. paper C. cloth D. cardboard 25. A. shaking B. waving C. holding D. clapping 26. A. opened B. gathered C. attracted D. broke 27. A. bedroom B. living room C. bathroom D. dining room 28. A. healthy B. dull C. hopeful D. happy 29. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 30. A. dream B. idea C. gift D. smile 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述作为志愿者帮助那些需要帮助的人修理房屋的经历以及从中所体 验到的感悟。 【11 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我确信，当我结束志愿者之旅回到家时，我带回的只是靴子上的 一些泥，牛仔裤上的一两个洞，当然，还有许多美好的回忆。A. field 田野，领域；B. volunteer 志愿者；C. land 土地； D. business 商业，生意。 根据第 3 空前的 volunteers 可知，作者结 束了“志愿者”之旅。故选 B。 【12 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我确信，当我结束志愿者之旅回到家时，我带回的只是靴子上的 一些泥，牛仔裤上的一两个洞，当然，还有许多美好的回忆。A. jeans 牛仔裤；B. coat 大 衣；C. bag 包，袋；D. gloves 手套。 根据最后一段第一句 I left for home early the next morning with muddy boots and holes in my jeans.可知，这里应该指的是“牛仔裤”上有洞。故选 A。 【13 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：高中毕业前的那个夏天，我和其他人作为志愿者去了西弗吉尼亚 州，为那些需要帮助的人修理房屋。A. clean 使干净；B. visit 访问；C. repair 修理；D. decorate 装饰。根据第 3 空后的 the homes of those in need 可知，此处指“修理” 房屋。故选 C。 【14 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 我们刚把车停在家里肮脏的车道上，就看到一个不到六岁的小女 孩兴奋地站在临时住所的门口。A. parked 停放；B. camped 露营；C. stood 站，立；D. gathered 聚集。 根据第 4 空后的 on the home's dirt driveway 可知，此处指“停车”。故选 A。 【15 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们刚把车停在家里肮脏的车道上，就看到一个不到六岁的小 女孩兴奋地站在临时住所的门口。A. puzzled 困惑的；B. anxious 焦虑的；C. frightened 感 到害怕的；D. excited 感到兴奋的。 根据第 7 空后的 in delight, " Ma, Ma, they really came!" 可知，小女孩是“兴奋的”。故选 D。 【16 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她光着脚，穿着脏衣服，脸上挂着我见过的最灿烂的笑容，高 兴地大叫:“妈，妈，他们真的来了!”A. Prideless 无比骄傲的；B. Shoeless 无鞋的；C. Fearless 无畏的；D. Shirtless 赤膊的。 根据第 20 空前的 I'll never forget that barefoot little butterfly 可 知，该空用“光着脚”符合句意。故选 B。 【17 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她光着脚，穿着脏衣服，脸上挂着我见过的最灿烂的笑容，高兴 地大叫:“妈，妈，他们真的来了!”A. explained 解释；B. replied 回答；C. shouted 大喊； D. whispered 低语。根据第 7 空后的 in delight, " Ma, Ma, they really came!"可知，小女孩高兴 地“大声喊”。故选 C。 【18 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是她的祖母，她的名字叫达科塔，我们很快就知道了。A. grandmother 祖母；B. aunt 姑姑；C. teacher 老师；D. neighbor 邻居。 根据第 12 空前的 When talking with her grandmother,可知，那时她的“祖母”。故选 A。 【19 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，有几次，我试着和她说话，但她总是很害羞 和疏远，总是像一只小蝴蝶一样在我们身边飞来飞去，却总是一个人呆着。 A. liked 喜欢； B. began 开始；C. tried 尝试；D. delayed 延迟。 根据第 9 空后的 talking with her, but she remained shy and distant,可知，作者“试着”和小女孩说话。故选 C。 【20 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，有几次，我试着和她说话，但她总是很害羞 和疏远，总是像一只小蝴蝶一样在我们身边飞来飞去，却总是一个人呆着。A. singing 唱歌； B. looking 看；C. walking 散步；D. flying 飞。根据第 10 空后的 around us like a tiny butterfly but keeping to herself.可知，此处指小女孩不听地来回跑动。故选 D。 【21 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，到了最后一天，情况就要改变了。A. therefore 因此；B. however 然而；C. otherwise 否则；D. moreover 而且，此外。根据第 11 空前后的内容 By our final day 和 this was about to change 可知，与上文构成转折。故选 B。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我和她的祖母谈话时，我注意到一件我以前没注意到的事情—— 达科塔躲在轮椅后面。 A. suspected 怀疑；B. imagined 想象；C. noticed 注意到；D. examined 检查。根据第 12 空后的 something I hadn9t seen before—Dakota was hiding behind the wheelchair 可知，此处指作者“注意到”。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，她小心翼翼地进入了我的视野，慢慢地，她开始向 我走来，递给我一张折叠的纸。A. cautiously 谨慎地；B. carelessly 粗心地；C. quickly 讯 速地；D. curiously 好奇地。根据第 9 空后的 but she remained shy and distant,和第 13 空白的 she stepped into view, and slowly, she began walking toward me 可知，小女孩“小心翼翼地”走 来。故选 A。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，她小心翼翼地进入了我的视野，慢慢地，她开始向 我走来，递给我一张折叠的纸。A. leaflet 传单；B. paper 纸；C. cloth 布；D. cardboard 硬纸板。 根据第 14 空下文 Once it was unfolded 可知，小女孩给了作者一张折叠的“纸”。 故选 B。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是两个女孩——一个比另一个高得多——她们手牵着手肩并肩。 A. shaking 摇动；B. waving 挥手；C. holding 握住；D. clapping 拍手。 根据第 15 空后 的 hands side by side.可知，她们“牵着”手。故选 C。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我应该是我和她在一起，在纸的底部有三个小小的字:“请 不要离开!”，这让我的心立刻碎了。 A. opened 打开；B. gathered 聚集；C. attracted 吸 引；D. broke 打破，损坏。根据第 16 空前的“Please don't leave! ”可知，这使作者的心“碎了”。 故选 D。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：下午早些时候，我们完成了达科塔的卧室，我很高兴地利用这难 得的空闲时间听她讲述她和她的家人每天经历的挣扎。A. bedroom 卧室；B. living room 起 居室；C. bathroom 浴室；D. dining room 餐厅。根据前面提到的 My group was to help a family to change a fire-damaged dining room into a bedroom.可知，此处指帮助完成“卧室”最为合理。 故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到我的生活是多么幸福。A. healthy 健康的；B. dull 迟钝的；C. hopeful 有希望的；D. happy 高兴的。 根据第 18 空上一句 I gladly used the rare free time to listen to her stories about the struggles she and her family went through daily.可知，作者 感到自己很“幸福”。故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查不定代词。 句意：但因为达科他，我也带回了别的东西——对我生命中的一切和祝福的 更深切的感激。A. anything 任何事情；B. something 某事；C. nothing 没有什么；D. everything 每件事情。 根据第 19 空后的 a greater appreciation for all and the blessings of my life 可知，此处指作者的“感悟”。故选 B。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记那只带着灿烂笑容的赤脚小蝴蝶。 A. dream 梦 想；B. idea 注意；C. gift 礼物；D. smile 微笑。根据第 7 空前的 the biggest smile I'd ever seen,可知，此处指面带“微笑”的小女孩。故选 D。 【 点 睛 】 在 做 完 形 填 空 时 一 定 要 注 意 and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more/though 等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作 用。像 but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一 点，做起题来就会得心应手。句意：然而，到了最后一天，情况就要改变了。A. therefore 因 此；B. however 然而；C. otherwise 否则；D. moreover 而且，此外。 根据第 11 空前后的 内容 By our final day 和 this was about to change 可知，与上文构成转折。故选 B。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Make 2020 your most adventurous year yet by signing up for one of these trips of a lifetime. Sail to Aldabra Atoll for a fascinating journey, hike along the frontiers of Georgia, explore different habitats of human and animals: These journeys are unlike any trip you've ever taken before. Exodus Travels This once -in-a- lifetime journey visits Aldabra Atoll, one of the most remote UNESCO World Heritage sites on the planet. Hidden away from the impact of humans，Aldabra has managed to sustain a population of 152,000 giant tortoises. This is the trip for wildlife enthusiasts: The clear waters of the Seychelles are home to 850 species of brilliantly colored fish that you'll visit on snorkel and dive excursions (旅行). Wild Frontiers Adventure Travel Wild Frontiers Adventure Travel's Georgia Walking Tour showcases the country's wild side, with plenty of hikes in the Svaneti Mountains mixed with cultural experiences like a visit to the remote village of Adishi, home to just 12 families. Natural Habitat Adventures A nine-day adventure centered around Natural Habitat's unique luxury base camp near the edge of the Greenland ice sheet. You'll be in one of the world's most remote locations (with a maximum of only 11 other travelers in your group) , but still have access to hot showers and well-prepared meals. You'll spend your days exploring the surrounding water, meeting the local Inuit villagers, kayaking (独木舟),and more. Mountain Travel Sobek Accompanied with expert guides, you'll track gorillas through Rwanda's Volcanoes National Park, getting a rare chance to see these majestic creatures up close. You'll also focus your search on another rare creature—the golden monkey. 31. Who will be most likely to choose Aldabra Atoll as a perfect destination? A. A UNESCO officer. B. An experienced hiker. C. A passionate animal lover. D. An active environmentalist. 32. To enjoy Natural Habitat Adventures, you need to _______. A. enjoy a cold bath B. make dinners alone C. prepare a folding tent D. take waterproof overcoats 33. Where is the passage most probably taken from? A. A culture report. B. A reference book. C. A tourism magazine. D A geography textbook. 【答案】31. C 32. D 33. C 【解析】 【分析】 本文是应用文。介绍了四个冒险旅游景点的详细内容，号召人们参加冒险旅游。 【31 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Exodus Travels 部分中 Aldabra has managed to sustain a population of 152,000 giant tortoises. This is the trip for wildlife enthusiasts: The clear waters of the Seychelles are home to 850 species of brilliantly colored fish.可知 Aldabra 成功地维持了 152,000 只巨龟的数量。这里 是野生动物爱好者的旅程：Seychelles 清澈的水域是 850 种色彩艳丽的鱼类的家园。热情的动 物爱好者可以把这里作为完美的目的地，故选 C。 【32 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 Natural Habitat Adventures 部分中 A nine-day adventure centered around Natural Habitat's unique luxury base camp near the edge of the Greenland ice sheet.可知这种探险 是围绕着格陵兰冰原边缘的自然栖息地独特的豪华营地展开的，这里属于寒冷地区。根据You'll spend your days exploring the surrounding water, meeting the local Inuit villagers, kayaking (独木 舟),and more.可知探险期间可以探索周围水域和划独木舟，这些属于水上运动。综上推知，如 果为了享受 Natural Habitat 的冒险运动，你需要带上防水的大衣。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 推理判断题。第一段 Make 2020 your most adventurous year yet by signing up for one of these trips of a lifetime. These journeys are unlike any trip you've ever taken before. 号召参加冒险旅游，下文 对推荐的四个冒险旅游景点进行了详细介绍，由此推知本文应该出自旅游杂志。故选 C。 【点睛】文章出处类推理判断题，做这类题要抓住文章的内容或结构特征，这是推理判断的 前提和基础。如报纸，前面会出现日期、地点、通讯社名称等；广告，其格式特殊，容易辨 认；产品说明、器皿设备的使用说明有产品名称或操作方法，而药品的服用说明会告知服用 时间、次数和药量等。本篇小题 3 涉及文章出处，要根据文章内容判断。第一段 Make 2020 your most adventurous year yet by signing up for one of these trips of a lifetime. These journeys are unlike any trip you've ever taken before.号召参加冒险旅游，下文对推荐的四个冒险旅游景点进 行了详细介绍，所以判断本文应该出自旅游杂志。 B It all started when Campbell Remess was nine years old and asked his parents if he could buy Christmas gifts for sick children, for he wanted to do something to brighten their spirits. His parents had to turn down his request, for Campbell is one of nine children and ... well, money, you know? However, Campbell took up the challenge and started creating his own bears. Meanwhile, he named the project “Project 365" , which means making a bear a day in a year. Every week he delivers some bears to sick children not only at the Royal Hobart Hospital near his home but all over the world. He even creates personalized teddy bears, the Winning Bear, for cancer patients to hold onto during treatments and at those down times. Campbell has even sent bears to victims of terrorist attacks in Brussels and Paris. These bears all become a treasured companion and are something to hug during difficult times. But it doesn't end there ... Not only does Campbell make bears, but he has a variety of fundraising events to help further causes he supports. At one such gala last year, Campbell made a bear on-stage and auctioned （拍 卖）it off for $ 5 ,000. The night raised more than 26,000 for the Love Your Sister charity. He hopes to expand the amount and locations of fundraising events he hosts. Campbell's message of love and kindness has spread around the world, and he has spoken to schools about how each effort counts. Project 365's Facebook page has amassed over 26,271 followers and is a platform for people worldwide to spread positivity. Campbell, a 14-year-old boy, has a lot of different interests such as film and laboratory work, but whatever path he chooses，he will continue to follow his heart to help people around the world through his acts of kindness! 34. On hearing his parents' decision, Campbell _______. A. gave up his plan B. tried to find a way out C. argued with his parents D. turned to others for help 35. Why did Campbell perform making a bear on the stage? A. To raise money for a charity. B. To show his love for sisters. C. To make himself famous. D. To celebrate the festival. 36. To carry out his idea, Campbell _______. A. got the fund of Facebook B. expanded the fundraising C. tried to inspire more people D. changed his personal interests 37. What can we learn from Campbell Remess' story? A. Details are the key to success. B. Actions speak louder than words. C. Every little bit makes a big difference. D All things are difficult before they are easy. 【答案】34. B 35. A 36. C 37. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Campbell 通过赠送自制玩具熊给有需要的人来鼓励他们。并且 将这种行为传播给周围的人，影响别人参与到帮助他人的行动中来。 【34 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第 1 段 However, Campbell took up the challenge and started creating his own bears. Meanwhile, he named the project “Project 365" , which means making a bear a day in a year 可知，Campbell 自己接受了挑战，开始创造自己的熊。同时，他将这个项目命名为“365 项目”， 意思是一天一只熊。综合分析，Campbell 自己找出路。故选 B 项。 【35 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第 3 段 At one such gala last year, Campbell made a bear on-stage and auctioned （拍卖）it off for $ 5 ,000. The night raised more than 26,000 for the Love Your Sister charity 可知， 他现场做熊和拍卖是为了他的慈善事业筹款。故选 A 项。 【36 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第 2 段整段可知，Campbell 的行动已经遍传了全世界。为了执行了他 的理想，他向学校讲述了每一项努力的重要性。并且他的 Facebook 主页是全世界人们传播积 极情绪的平台。故选 C 项。 【37 题详解】 推理判断题。分析文章，讲述 Campbell 通过赠送自制玩具熊给有需要的人来鼓励他们。并且 将这种行为传播给周围的人，影响别人参与到帮助他人的行动中来。尽自己的力来把世界变 得更好。故选 C 项。 C In today's world, online social media has become more powerful and the most destructive thing over worldwide , although with time all generations have come to accept the changes social network has brought about, teenagers and young adults are the most enthusiastic users of these sites. According to various research studies in the field of online social networks, it has been revealed that these sites are impacting the lives of the youth greatly. When using these sites such as Twitter, Facebook or Myspace, there are both positive and negative effects on the youth. Firstly, social media helps the youth and any other user updated with what is happening around the world, and helps the teenagers stay connected and interact with each other even if they are many miles apart. This strengthens their relationship. Even if they finished school and moved to different locations, they stay connected and update one another. In addition, social media sites have provided a platform whereby the youth can create groups and pages based on their common discipline and end up building connections and opportunities for their respective careers by updating different topics to discuss. Youth who have been interviewed say that social media has become their lifestyle and it makes their lives easier and more efficient. While on the one hand social network sites seem to bring people together and stay connected, on the other hand it causes many physical and mental health problems such as eyes infection, back problems, etc. Other negative effects of social networking various people suggested included encouraging poor spelling and grammar , exposing underage to online predators（捕食者）,allowing spread of misinformation that is seen as fact, decreasing productivity as those who are supposed to be working spend time in the sites to chat, providing a perfect platform for cyberbullying and providing details that increase risks of identity theft. "The more social media we have, the more we think were connecting, yet we are really disconnecting from each other. " One researcher said. In conclusion, social networking clearly portrays both positive and negative effects on the youth. It is the decision of individuals whether to use it in a right way or wrong. 38. Why do young people adopt the platform offered by social media sites? A. To practice their debate skills. B. To change their way of living. C. To improve their academic performance. D. To lay the foundation for their future careers. 39. It can be inferred that the main disadvantages of social networking may _______. A put young people in danger B. allow spread of information C. let out users' health problems D. reduce the using of poor spelling 40. What is the passage mainly about? A. The research on online social media. B. The correct way to use online social media. C. The introduction of online social media history. D. The influence of online social media on the youth. 41. What is the authors attitude towards social media? A. Disapproving. B. Objective. C. Positive. D. Indifferent. 【答案】38. D 39. A 40. D 41. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。通过讲述在线社交媒体对青少年和年轻人的影响，引出话题：在线社交媒 体对年轻人既有正面影响，也有负面影响。 【38 题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段 social media sites have provided a platform whereby the youth can create groups and pages based on their common discipline and end up building connections and opportunities for their respective careers by updating different topics to discuss.(社交媒体网站提供 了一个平台，让年轻人可以根据自己的共同纪律创建小组和网页，最终通过更新不同的话题 来建立各自职业生涯的联系和机会。)可以推断，青年人对在线网络媒介的接受是为了自己的 职业生涯。结合选项，只有 D 项符合题意，故选 D 项。 【39 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段可知主要讲解网络的负面影响。由句子 on the other hand it causes many physical and mental health problems such as eyes infection, back problems, etc.可知，网络导致许多 身体和心理健康问题，如眼睛感染，背部问题等等；由 Other negative effects of social networking various people suggested included encouraging poor spelling and grammar , exposing underage to online predators ,allowing spread of misinformation that is seen as fact, decreasing productivity as those who are supposed to be working spend time in the sites to chat, providing a perfect platform for cyberbullying and providing details that increase risks of identity theft.可知负面影响包括导致 形成不良的拼写和语法，允许被视为事实的错误信息的传播，降低了生产力，因为那些本该 工作的人花时间网上聊天，同时为网络欺凌提供一个完美的平台，增加身份盗窃风险的资料。 综上可以看出，网络的负面影响会让青年人处于更大的危险中。故选 A 项。 【40 题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段最后一句 When using these sites such as Twitter, Facebook or Myspace, there are both positive and negative effects on the youth.(使用这些网站，如 Twitter、Facebook 或 MySpace，对年轻人既有积极的影响，也有消极的影响。)可以看出，本文主要谈论了网络对 青年人的影响。故选 D 项。 【41 题详解】 推理判断题。结合最后一段：In conclusion, social networking clearly portrays both positive and negative effects on the youth. It is the decision of individuals whether to use it in a right way or wrong.总而言之，社交网络清楚地描绘了对青少年的正面和负面影响。是否正确使用或错误使 用，这是个人的决定。可以看出，对社交网络的使用，在于使用者的使用方式正确或错误。 因而并未阐述作者的主观态度，是很客观的评价。故选 B 项。 D The old romantic saying is a cute one, but according to recent studies, opposites don't necessarily attract. Research shows that people tend to seek out relationships with—and eventually marry — partners who have similar defining characteristics, such as age, political orientation, religion, education, and income. “ Generally speaking, when we think about opposites attracting or not, we're thinking in terms of personality rather than these big key factors," says Vinita Mehta, a clinical psychologist and writer based in Washington, D. C. One big factor as to why this may be is simply your stage of life: where you live, what lifestyle you have, and what kind of people you're exposed to. “ If you’re on a college campus, by and large，you’re going to find people who are in your age group,'' Mehta says. "You're going to find people who at least eventually become part of the same general income strata. ” Researchers from the University of Kansas made a courageous claim. A study released earlier this year analyzed real-world relationships and asked couples (romantic partners, friends, and acquaintances) about attitudes, behaviors, values, prejudices, and personality characteristics that were important to them. The pairs that had closer and more intimate relationships were not necessarily more similar than newly formed pairs, and people shared similarities on almost every personal issue that was measured. The lead psychologists on this study believe this doesn't happen by chance ； it's so common and widespread that seeking out like-minded people may be our psychological default when we make new friends or romantic partners. We certainly get the most out of these relationships. They make us more comfortable and trusting of the other person, and that makes it easier to cooperate and achieve goals. As far personalities go, connecting on major characteristics, like levels of neuroticism (神经 质)and conscientiousness, generally lead to happier couples. But that doesn't mean you and your significant other need to agree on everything. Having different habits——fewer defining parts of your personality, like your favorite sport or foods---can introduce you to new activities and ways of thinking, which can make you a more well-rounded person. 42. What does the underlined word " strata" in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Factors. B. Levels. C. Resources. D. Taxes. 43. The research conducted by the University of Kansas implies that _______. A the phenomenon takes place accidentally B. the subjects have almost everything in common C. the participants were asked questions about their partners D. the similarity between partners may not change with closer relationship 44. In the last paragraph, the author stresses that a happier couple may _______. A. have some differences B have everything in common C. share the same personalities D. result from the conflict in thinking 45. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To find out what stage of life we are in. B. To prove we are attracted to what is familiar. C. To show what kind of people we should make friends with. D. To introduce the advantages like-minded people can bring to us. 【答案】42. B 43. D 44. A 45. B 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。文章认为人们倾向于寻找具有相似定义特征的伴侣。作者运用了一个心理 学家的研究来证明这个观点。最后作者还强调了伴侣之间可存在不同点，这样子可以让生活 更美好。 【42 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第 2 段中 Research shows that people tend to seek out relationships with—and eventually marry — partners who have similar defining characteristics, such as age, political orientation, religion, education, and income，人们倾向于寻 找具有相似定义特征的伴侣，如年龄、政治倾向、宗教、教育和收入，并最终结婚。根据第 五段 If you’re on a college campus, by and large，you’re going to find people who are in your age groupIf you’re on a college campus, by and large，you’re going to find people who are in your age group 如果你在大学校园里，总的来说，你会找到和你同 龄的人。故可知第 5 段中强调的是“收入处于同样水平”。故选 B 项。 【43 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第 6 段 The pairs that had closer and more intimate relationships were not necessarily more similar than newly formed pairs, and people shared similarities on almost every personal issue that was measured 可知，拥有更亲密关系的情侣并不一定比刚形成的情侣更相似。 由此判断出情侣之间的相似点不会随着关系的亲密而改变。故选 D 项。 【44 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 But that doesn't mean you and your significant other need to agree on everything. Having different habits——fewer defining parts of your personality, like your favorite sport or foods---can introduce you to new activities and ways 可知，拥有不同的习惯，可 以让你接触新的活动和思维方式，这会让你成为一个更全面的人。所以幸福夫妻之间可存在 差异。故选 A 项。 【45 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段 Research shows that people tend to seek out relationships with—and eventually marry — partners who have similar defining characteristics, such as age, political orientation, religion, education, and income.人们倾向于寻 找具有相似定义特征的伴侣。接着作者引入了一个研究来表明自己的观点。以此判断出这篇 文章的主要目的是证明我们被熟悉的事物所吸引。故选 B 项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有 两项为多余选项。 Knowledge Management Thanks to advances in computers, modem means of communication and the Internet, information has become easier to obtain. It is now much more significant in our daily lives. Organizations believe that having better information leads to better decision making. ___46___ Too much information makes it difficult to decide which pieces of information are useful in making the best decisions and which are not. Selecting and obtaining the right information and using it well can give an organisation a competitive advantage. This is how the field of “knowledge management” ,or KM, arose. ___47___ In fact, we need to distinguish between data, information and knowledge. Some concrete examples can help. Looking at the daily transactions of a shop, I may see that 12 units of product X have been sold this month—that is an interesting piece of data. ___48___ I can change this data into valuable information if I know that 20 units of product X were sold the previous month— this informs me that sales in that item have dropped. So data + context = information. Now, based on my years of experience working in the shop and my familiarity with my costumers, I can use my knowledge to decide whether I should order more of the same product or not. ___49___ The first is the activity of obtaining the best information. This often relies on technology, such as powerful computers, to filter or store information. ___50___ So, knowledge can flow easily through the organization. The other part is the more human side, which focuses on employees exploiting (利用)the information to create competitive advantage for the organization. Companies that adopt KM strategies believe that they will achieve better results because they exploit the potential of both modem technological advances and good old-fashioned experience. A. Therefore, KM can be divided into two parts. B. It also relies on good networks of communication. C. And it is being adopted by more and more businesses today. D. In order to understand what KM is, it is necessary to define it. E. But I cannot make a decision based on it because it lacks context. F. My insight tells me that after a while my customers will go back to buying product X. G. However, with greater access to information comes the problem of information overload. 【答案】46. G 47. D 48. E 49. A 50. B 【解析】 本文是说明文。拥有更好的信息可以做出更好的决策，但现实生活中又存在信息超载，所以 知识管理很重要。文章介绍了什么是知识管理及其构成部分。 【46 题详解】 上句说明拥有更好的信息可以做出更好的决策，下句说明了太多的信息使得人们很难决定哪 些信息对做出最好的决定有用，哪些没有用的情况。空白处应该和上句转折，引出下句情况。 G 项：然而，随着信息获取的增多，信息超载的问题也随之而来。承上启下符合文意，故选 G。 【47 题详解】 上段最后一句引出了 knowledge management or KM(知识管理)这种说法，下句说明我们需要区 分数据、信息和知识，并运用具体例子进行了解释说明。D 项：为了理解 KM 是什么，有必 要对它进行定义。承上启下，连接前后。故选 D。 【48 题详解】 上句列举了一家商店的日常交易情况，说明了什么是 data。下句说明要将这些数据转换为有价 值的信息，用 data + context = information.说明了 context 的重要性。E 项：但我不能在此基础 上做出决定，因为它缺乏背景。承上启下，故选 E。 【49 题详解】 根据本段中 The first is the activity of obtaining the best information.和 The other part is the more human side.说明了两部分及其作用，A 项：因此，KM 可以分为两个部分。统领全段，概括了 本段内容。故选 A。 【50 题详解】 上句介绍获取最佳信息通常依赖于技术，如强大的计算机，来过滤或存储信息。B 项 It also relies on good networks of communication 与上句并列，说明了还依赖于良好的沟通网络。故选 B。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，35 分） 第一节（15 分） 51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友 Jim 了解到中医在治 疗疾病方面起到积极 作用，这引起了他的浓厚兴趣，想到中国来学中医。 他希望了解更多相关信息，并听听你的 建议。请给他回邮件，内容包括： 1.你对中医的认识； 2.你的建议。 注意：1.词数不少于 50； 2.开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 提示词：中医 Traditional Chinse Medicine/TCM Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I'm delighted to learn that you are interested in TCM, and want to study it in China. I'd like to tell you something about it. TCM plays an important role in curing disease, which has a long history in China. It's very popular worldwide now, because it has less side effect and more reasonable price that ordinary people can afford. I think TCM has a bright future, and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine is a good choice to study TCM. You can also search for more detailed information about it on the Internet. Hope this is useful for you and look forward to your studying in Beijing. Yours， Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求李华给 Jim 回信，谈谈他对中医的认识以及他对 Jim 学习中医 的建议。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文。 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。 结构：总分法。 要求： 1.你对中医的认识； 2.你的建议。 第二步：列提纲（重点短语） I'm delighted to learn；plays an important role；side effect and more reasonable price；more detailed information。 第三步：连词成句 1.I'm delighted to learn that you are interested in TCM, 2.TCM plays an important role in curing disease, which has a long history in China. 3. because it has less side effect and more reasonable price that ordinary people can afford. 4. You can also search for more detailed information about it on the Internet. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇 表示文章结构顺序：提出看法；罗列建议；最后总结。 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高级句式，如 which 引导的非限制性定语从句：TCM plays an important role in curing disease, which has a long history in China；because 引导的原因状 语从句：It's very popular worldwide now, because it has less side effect and more reasonable price that ordinary people can afford. 等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色 添彩。 第二节（20 分） 52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，给 校刊“英语园地”写 一篇英文稿件，记录你在延期开学期间的学习和生活。 注意：词数不少于 60。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 【答案】For a lot of students like me, we had a special life experience during this period. Before the planned day back to school, I received a message from my head teacher, saying we would stay at home for some time and study with our teachers online. Having received this message, I felt a little upset because it made me worried about my revision. Seeing this, my mom gave me great encouragement while taking care of me. From that day on, I started to carry on my learning plan. I would attend online courses on time and ask teachers for help if I had any questions. Besides, I kept doing exercise every day to keep fit. What moved me most was the encouraging words from our teachers. With their support, I had more confidence. I hope I can be well prepared for the coming days. 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达是图画作文，要求根据四幅图的内容描述你在延期开学期间的学习和生活。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，本文要求根据四幅图的内容描述你在延期开学期间的学习 和生活：假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，给 校刊“英语园 地”写一篇英文稿件，记录你在延期开学期间的学习和生活。时态应为一般过去时。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； experience（经历），online（在线），revision （复习），upset（不安的）， encouragement（鼓励），attend（出席、上课），support（帮助） 及 confidence（自信）等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持卷面的整洁美观。 【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式， 高级词汇有 a lot of（许多），be worried about（担心），take care of (照顾)，on time（按时），carry on（继续），keep fit（保持健康）以及 ask sb for help（向某人寻求帮助），而且还使用了状语 从句“I would attend online courses on time and ask teachers for help if I had any questions.”，主 语从句“What moved me most was the encouraging words from our teachers.”，宾语从句“I hope I can be well prepared for the coming days.”，非谓语动词“Before the planned day back to school, I received a message from my head teacher, saying we would stay at home for some time and study with our teachers online.”，“Having received this message, I felt a little upset because it made me worried about my revision.”及“Seeing this, my mom gave me great encouragement while taking care of me.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。