天津市南开中学2020届高三英语第五次月考试题（Word版附解析）

天津市南开中学2020届高三英语第五次月考试题（Word版附解析）

南开中学 2020届高三年级第五次月检测 英语试题 本试卷分第 I卷（选择题）、第 II卷（非选择题），共 130分，考试用时 100分钟。 第 I卷 1至 12页，第 II卷第 13页至 14页。考生务必将客观题答案涂写在答题卡 上，将主观题答在答题纸上。在试卷上答题无效。 第 I卷（共 95分） 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45分） 第一节、单项填空（共 15小题，每小题 1分） 从 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。 1.—So you think I’m not honest? — .That’s not what I mean. A. Just forget it B. You’ve really got me there C. Don’t get me wrong D. Don’t beat around the bush 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——那么你认为我不诚实？——别误解，那不是我的意思。A. Just forget it算了吧；B. You’ve really got me there你可真难到我了；C. Don’t get me wrong别误 会；D. Don’t beat around the bush别拐弯抹角了。根据“That’s not what I mean”可知表示不是 我的意思，请不要误会。故选 C项。 2.Competition for entry to these programs is keen, and applicants need above-average grades to gain___________. A. ambition B. preference C. admission D. competence 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：参与这些项目的竞争非常激烈，申请人需要高于平均水 平的成绩，才能获得许可。A. ambition雄心，野心；B. preference偏好；C. admission许可；D. ability 能力，胜任。根据 Competition for entry to these programs is keen 可知，此处指“申请人 需要高于平均水平的成绩，才能获得许可”。故选 C。 3.—As we know, keeping positive is beneficial to the process of our work and study. —You can say that again.Struggle not to let negative ideas____. A. take over B. come down C. drop out D. give in 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：——我们知道，保持积极的态度对我们的工作和学 习是有益的。——你说得对。努力不让消极思想占据上风。A. take over接收，接管，借用；B. come down降落，倒塌，下来，落魄；C. drop out退学，退出，脱离；D. give in屈服，让步。 根据上文 keeping positive is beneficial to 可知，此处表示不让消极思想接管我们的想法，也就 是不让消极思想占据上风。故选 A项。 4. Modern science has found that _______ one is using chopsticks, over 30 joints and over 50 muscles are used, which is a favorable stimulation to the brain. A. since B. although C. unless D. while 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：现代科学发现，当人在用筷子时，有 30个关节和 50块肌肉共同 作用，这对于大脑来说是个有利的刺激。A. since因为；B. although虽然；C. unless除非；D. while 当……时候。根据题意可知，while引导时间状语从句。故选 D项。 5.— If everyone asked for information like you,we would be so busy we would die. — But I wouldn't need to ask if you actively_________the information. A. reviewed B. released C. restored D. registered 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：---如果每个人都像你那样问信息的话，我们会忙到死。--- 但如果你们积极地公开消息我就不需要问了。A. reviewed 回顾，回复；B. released 释放，公 开；C. restored恢复；D. registered 注册，登记。根据“ But I wouldn't need to ask ”可知，release “ 公开”符合句意。故选 B项。 6.— How do you find your first visit to your net friend Jane? — Oh,wonderful!Her warm welcome left me completely______. A. at ease B. under attack C. beyond doubt D. in tears 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：——你觉得你第一次见你的网友简怎么样？——哦，太 好了！她热情的欢迎使我完全安心了 A. at ease. 自在，安心；B. under attack受到攻击；C. beyond doubt毫无疑问；D. in tears泪流满面。结合前文 Oh, wonderful!可知，我对简的印象很好，她 的热情欢迎使我完全安心了。故选 A项。 7.—Where_____Mary have put the empty bottles? —She _____them away.They must be somewhere. A. can;mustn't have thrown B. must;needn't have thrown C. could;couldn't have thrown D. should;might not have thrown 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——玛丽会把空瓶子放在哪里呢? ——她不可能把它们弄掉。 他们一定在某个地方。could have done表示过去可能做过某事，couldn’t have done表示过去不 可能做过某事。故选 C。 8.— I need to talk to someone who knows Baltimore well.I'm told you _______there. —Oh,but I was really young at the time. A. live B. lived C. have been living D. had lived 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：——我需要和一个熟悉巴尔的摩的人谈谈。我听说你曾在 那里住过。——哦，但那时真的我很年轻。分析语境可知，回答的那个人是在年轻的时候在 巴尔的摩住过，现在不在那儿了。此句表达的是过去曾经在那住过，要用一般过去时，故选 B。 9.Last night, there were millions of people ______________ the opening ceremony live on TV. A. watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意：昨晚，成千上万的人们在电视上观看了开幕式直播。 分析可知，______________ the opening ceremony live on TV 作定语，修饰 people，因 people 和 watch之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动。故选 D。 10.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected A. whose B. that C. who D. which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意为：这本书透过生活受到地震影响的人们的视角讲述地震的故 事。本题的先行词是 those表示人，定语从句的主语是 lives，与先行词构成所属关系，所以应 使用关系代词 whose引导。故选 A项。 11.I ______ go to the supermarket to purchase daily necessities, for it is far away from my house. A. eventually B. constantly C. occasionally D. frequently 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我偶尔会去超市买日用品，因为超市离我家很远。A. eventually终于；B. constantly不断地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. frequently频繁地。根据后文 it is far away from my house可知因为超市离我家很远，所以是“偶尔”会去。故选 C。 12.Regular exercise,along with proper diets,_________our health in the long term. A. Benefit B. are benefited C. benefits D. is benefited 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：规律运动配合适当的饮食，从长远来看对我们的健康有益。 在主谓一致中，along with 采取就远原则，即谓语动词的单复数取决于 regular exercise，故谓 语用第三人称单数，主语与动词之间为主动关系。故选 C。 13.Group activities can help children gain the concept_______team spirit is crucial to more achievements. A. that B. where C. what D. which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：小组活动可以帮助孩子们获得团队精神对取得更多成就至 关重要的观念。此处是同位语从句，从句句子成分齐全，应使用只起连接作用、无实意的 that 引导。故选 A。 【点睛】同位语从句的学习是英语学习者都要过的一关，虽然有些难，但小编为大家整理了 与同位语从句相关的语法知识，首先，我们从引导词讲起：引导同位语从句的词语通常有连 词 that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。 1. 由 that引导 We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。 注意：在某些名词（如 demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语 气。如： They expressed the wish that she accept the award. 他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。 There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 2. 由 whether引导 There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定。 We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可以信任 的问题。 注意：whether 可引导同位语从句，但 if不能引导同位语从句。 3. 由连接代词引导 Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么时候开始吗？ Then I had no idea what a casino was.当时我不知道赌场是什么样的地方。 4. 由连接副词引导 I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。 It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做的问题。 He had no idea why she left. 他不知道她为什么离开。 You have no idea how worried I was! 你不知道我多着急 如本题设空处引导同位语从句，从句句子成分齐全，应使用只起连接作用、无实意的 that引 导。故选 A。 14.____to the students at home, the textbooks enabled them to study more efficiently. A. Distributing B. Having distributed C. Being distributed D. Distributed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：课本被分发给家里的学生，使他们能更有效地学习。分析 句子结构可知 distribute在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语 textbooks 构成被动关系，故用过去 分词形式，故排除 A/B选项；C选项 Being distributed 表示“正在被……”，句子没有体现动 作正在进行，与前后语境不符。故选 D。 15.— Here you are.You can do it by six o'clock. —By six o'clock?______！I'm not superman. A. Beats me B. Allow me C. Lend me a hand D. Give me a break 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查情景交际。---给你。你可以在六点前做完。--- 6点钟之前?让我休息一下吧!我又 不是超人。A. Beats me 我不知道; B. Allow me 让我试试; C. Lend me a hand 帮我一下；D. Give me a break让我休息一下。根据“I'm not superman.”可知，我又不是超人，需要休息一下。故 选 D项。 第二节、完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的四个选项（A、B、C和 D)中，先出最 佳选项。 When I was a child my father taught me five words that I've used all my life- in my acting career,as a mother,in my business activities.If I ___16___ that I was afraid of the dark,or if I seemed worried about meeting new people,Dad would say, ＂Stand porter to your___17___." A porter is a gatekeeper,who stands at a door ___18___ people in or out.Dad would get me to ___19___myself stopping destructive things--such as fear-at the door,___20___ saying“Come in"to faith,love and self-assurance. As an actress,before I went on camera,I'd make sure anxiety___21___ and confidence in my ability came in.As a mother,when I was ___22___about my children, I would try not to let worry in but would ___23___my mind with trust in them. Of course,there were always times I'd___24___ those words. In 1972 my husbandFillmore Crank,and I opened the doors to our own ____25____in North Hollywood.This was a new business venture for us,and it was a lot more ____26____and complicated than we had ____27____. We were on call 24 hours a day.Something was always going ____28____. Electricity went on the blink,food wasn't delivered,employees called in sick.Once, a flu epidemic ____29____ left us with no maids.Fillmore gave me a ____30____:scrub floors or do the laundry.For 10 days I folded enough king-size sheets to____31____ the whole state of California. Then there was the____32____ crisis.The price of gasoline doubled,and tourism in California ____33____.How could we fill our beds?What if we kept losing money? What if we failed?Fear and worry were sneaking in.But I caught them just ____34____.I stood porter. I stood in the door of my mind and sent fear packing. These days at the hotel,whenever fear tries to____35____,I just smile and point to the sign that reads No Vacancy. 16. A. complained B. announced C. recalled D. decided 17. A. future B. find C. family D. studio 18. A. letting B. urging C. inviting D. observing 19. A. busy B. involve C. send D. picture 20. A. so B. for C. but D. or 21. A. showed up B. stayed out C. cut in D. broke down 22. A. serious B. curious C. anxious D. cautious 23. A. fill B. change C. read D. ease 24. A. eat B. twist C. exchange D. forget 25. A. clinic B. hotel C. laundry D. restaurant 26. A. promising B. demanding C. convincing D. boring 27. A. figured B. confirmed C. deduced D. suggested 28. A. sour B. missing C. wrong D. pale 29. A. hardly B. regularly C. specially D. suddenly 30. A. warning B. command C. choice D. solution 31. A. serve B. touch C. decorate D. blanket 32. A. credit B. energy C. identity D. family 33. A. ceased B. recovered C. dropped D. boomed 34. A. in time B. on purpose C. at random D. by chance 35. A. split B. shelter C. withdraw D. register 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 本文为一篇记叙文。记叙了作者在父亲的影响下，战胜生活的困难的几件事。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我抱怨我害怕黑暗，或者我担心遇到新的人，爸爸会说，“站 在门房旁边找到自己吧。”A. complained抱怨；B. announced宣布；C. recalled召回；D. decided 决定。上文写父亲教会我 5 个词，这一句引出寓意。如果作者抱怨，害怕黑暗，或者如果作 者看上去很担心遇见新认识的人。故选 A项。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我抱怨我害怕黑暗，或者我担心遇到新的人，爸爸会说，“站 在门房旁边找到自己吧。”A. future 未来；B. find让自己处于某种位置或状态；C. family家庭； D. studio 工作室。这里的守门处(porter)指的是心理上的守卫，父亲希望作者遇到困难时要找到 自己心理上的守卫。故选 B项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：门卫是守门人，站在门口让人进出。A. letting让；B. urging催促； C. inviting邀请；D. observing观察。一个 porter就是一位守门员，站在门前让人们进进出出。 故选 A项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸会让我想象，自己在门口能够阻止破坏性的事情，比如恐惧， 但是对真诚，爱和自信说“进来”。A. busy忙的；B. involve 参与；C. send 发送；D. picture 想象。父亲会让作者想象，自己在入口处能够阻止破坏性的事情，例如害怕这种情感。故选 D 项。 【20题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：爸爸会让我想象，自己在门口能够阻止破坏性的事情，比如恐惧， 但是对真诚，爱和自信要说“进来吧”。A. so所以；B. and 和；C. but但是；D. or或者。表 转折，但是却对着真诚，爱和自信说请，这个填空和上半句为转折关系，所以用转折。故选 C 项。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一个女演员，在我走向镜头之前，我会确保焦虑不复存在， 对我的能力有信心。A. showed up出现；B. stay out呆在外面；C. cut in插嘴，插入；D. broke down打破，折断。根据 and后面的“对我的能力有信心”可知，作者在表演前是不存在焦虑 的。让焦虑留在外面，即焦虑不复存在。故选 B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个母亲，当我为我的孩子们感到担忧时，我会试着不让 担忧进入我的脑海，而是让我对他们充满信任。A. serious严肃的；B. curious好奇的；C. anxious 焦虑的；D. cautious谨慎的。前面的 anxious和后面的 worry同义替换。故选 C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个母亲，当我为我的孩子们感到担忧时，我会试着不让担 忧进入我的脑海，而是让我对他们充满信任。A. fill填充；B. change改变；C. read阅读；D. ease 放松。由“my mind with trust in them”可知，作者让对他们充满自信。故选 A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，有时候我会忘记那些话。A. eat吃；B. twist扭曲；C. exchange 交换；D. forget忘记。作者有时候也会忘记那些话。故选 D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1972年，我和我的丈夫菲尔莫尔•克拉克在北好莱坞开了我们自己 的旅馆。A. clinic 诊所；B. hotel旅馆；C. laundry洗衣房；D. restaurant餐厅。通过后文的食物， 电和雇员出问题，和我换被单推测，作者和丈夫开了他们自己的酒店。故选 B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我们来说是一次新的商业冒险，并且比我们当初预计的要 更加复杂且要求很高。A. promising有前途的；B. demanding 要求高的；C. convincing 有说服 力的；D. boring无聊的。由前文“This was a new business venture for us”可知，这对他们来说 是一次新的商业冒险，所有要求比预计的要高的多。故选 B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对我们来说是一次新的商业冒险，并且比我们当初预计的要更 加复杂。A. figured计算；B. confirmed确认；C. deduced推断；D. suggested 建议。由“it was a lot more demanding and complicated”可知，比我们当初计算的要更加复杂。故选 A项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：总是出问题。A. sour酸的；B. missing 失踪的；C. wrong错的； D. pale 苍白的。根据后文“Electricity went on the blink, food wasn’t delivered, employees called in sick.”可知，停电了，食物没送到，员工打电话请病假，可知开酒店很复杂，总是出问题。 故选 C项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一次，一场流感突然让我们的服务员人手不够。A. hardly几乎 不；B. regularly 经常地；C. specially特别地；D. suddenly突然地。由“ left us with no maids” 可知，一场流感突然让我们的服务员人手不够。故选 D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：菲尔莫给了我一个选择：擦地板还是洗衣服。A. warning警告；B. command命令；C. choice选择；D. solution解决。结合后文，擦地板还是洗衣服，可知此处为 一个选择。故选 C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：整整 10天，我叠了足够的特大号床单，足可覆盖整个加利福尼亚 州。A. serve服务；B. touch触摸；C. decorate装饰；D. blanket覆盖。此处夸张的手法，作者 的特大号床单可以覆盖整个加利福尼亚州。故选 D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就是能源危机。A. credit信用；B. energy 能源；C. identity身 份；D. family 家庭。由下文“The price of gasoline doubled”可知，出现了能源危机。故选 B 项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：汽油价格翻了一番，加州的旅游业也下降了。A. ceased停止；B. recovered恢复；C. dropped下降；D. boomed繁荣。油价翻倍，加利福尼亚州的旅游业下降。 这都是不利的方面。故选 C项。 【34题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：但我及时地控制住它们。A. in time 及时；B. on purpose故意 地；C. at random任意地；D. by chance偶然。由下文“I stood in the door of my mind and sent fear packing”可知，作者时地控制住它们。故选 A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这几天在酒店，每当害怕来登记时，我就微笑着指着上面写着“没 有空房”的牌子。A. split分开；B. shelter掩蔽；C. withdraw 撤回；D. register登记。这道题用 了‘双关’的写作手法：一说自己空房，二是说自己不让自己害怕降临；并且旅馆都是要登 记的。故选 D项。 第二部分：阅读理解（共 20小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A ATTENTION,ALLOUR NEW STUDENTS: Welcome to West Lakes Institute of Technology.You are strongly advised to adhere to the following three basic rules on your first day of the second semester: 1.Wear your pre-admission student number on your lapel(衣服的翻领）at all times. 2.Do not enter any classroom where classes are already in progress. 3. When asked to provide,basic information about yourself,be ready to show your green enrollment acceptance advice slip. Students who have pre-paid the enrollment fee 9:00 a.m.to 10:00 a.m.(no later)you should visit the foyer of the Old Chapel building to receive your new student information kit.Once you have your kit,you are not required until 10:30 a.m.,so you can relax in the Student Centre until you are called over the PA system. Students who are yet to pay the enrollment Go directly to the Admissions Centre and be prepared to pay your enrollment fee($150 cash only)to the NewAdmissions Officer.You will be asked for your address and your preadmission student number(the number on your green enrollment acceptance advice slip).Note that this is NOT the number which is later displayed on your student card.Once you have paid your enrollment fee, follow the instructions above for students who have pre-paid their fee. Student Cards Student cards will not be issued until Thursday.Photographs,however,will be taken on Monday afternoon.Make your way to the Library at the following times: 1:00 p.m.-Film and Photographic Arts 1:45 p.m.-Marketing 2:30 p.m.-Travel&-Tourism 3:15 p.m.-Hotel Hospitality 4:00 p.m.--Fashion&Design 4:45 p.m.-all other Art students Photographs of students in all other courses will be taken Tuesday afternoon. Welcome Address The Director of the college will address all new students in the Main Hall at around 10:45 a.m.When you hear the announcement that directs you to assemble in the Main Hall,make your way swiftly past the canteen area,through the courtyard and into the Hall.No food or drinks are allowed in the Main Hall. Lunch The canteen is situated on the ground floor of the student building.Since the canteen is also used by members of the public,you will be asked to produce your enrollment acceptance advice slip.Failure to do this will result in all purchases being charged for at non-discount prices.Cooked lunches,are,served only between 12:15 p.m.and.1:30 p.m. Student Information Kits The latest student information kit contains a 52-page booklet which tells you where you should go in the afternoon.Look on page three to find the course you have enrolled in,and follow the instructions given.Areas designed for the various tutorial sessions for each course are listed on page 4 to 6.If you are required to have your photograph taken during a group tutorial session,quietly excuse yourself,and return to the session as soon as possible. 36. According to the passage,students who have already paid the fee A. should give their address and student number to the NewAdmissions Officer B. can enter any classroom to have a rest C. are required to receive their kit before 9 o'clock D. can have a minimum of 30 minutes to relax after getting the kit 37. We can learn from the text that"students' enrollment acceptance advice slip_____” A. displays the same number as that on the student card. B. allows students to buy things in the canteen at a lower price C. is only essential to students who haven't paid the fee in advance D. is required when taking the pictures used for the student cards 38. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text? A. Marketing students can get their 'student cards at 1:45,Monday afternoon. B. Students are allowed to have their lunch at 12:30 p.m.in the Hall. C. The assembly call will be made before the welcome address begins. D. Students can get their student cards from the Library. 39. We can learn from the last paragraph that during a group tutorial session, A. you can take a picture B. you can do anything you like C. you can leave for the photograph requirement D. you can read a 52-page book 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. C 【解析】 本文为说明文。文章主要对大学新生开学第一天的一些规则和注意事项进行了说明。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Students who have pre-paid the enrollment fee 部分中的“9:00 a.m.to 10:00 a.m.(no later)you should visit the foyer of the Old Chapel building to receive your new student information kit. Once you have your kit, you are not required until 10:30 a.m., so you can relax in the Student Centre until you are called over the PA system.” 上午 9：00 至上午 10:00（不迟于） 您应该到旧教堂建筑的门厅，领取您的新生信息袋，一旦你有信息袋，要求你在上午 10:30之 前拿，所以你可以在学生中心休息一直到通过广播系统呼叫你。由此可知拿到信息袋后至少 可以有 30分钟放松。故选 D。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据 Lunch 部分中的“Since the canteen is also used by members of the public, you will be asked to produce your enrollment acceptance advice slip. Failure to do this will result in all purchases being charged for at non-discount prices” 由于食堂也供公众使用，你将被要求出示你 的录取通知书。如果你不能出示录取通知书的话将导致所有购买的东西的收费是不打折的， 由此可推断出如果你出示录取通知书的话，在食堂买东西会有折扣，即价格会低。分析选项 可知 B项符合题意，故选 B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Welcome Address”部分中的“The Director of the college will address all new students in the Main Hall at around 10:45 a.m. When you hear the announcement that directs you to assemble in the Main Hall, make your way swiftly past the canteen area, through the courtyard and into the Hall. ” 上午 10:45左右，学院院长将在大会堂向所有新生致辞。当你听到指挥你在大 会堂集合的通知时，迅速穿过食堂区，穿过庭院，进入大会堂。由此可知，学生集合后到大 厅听学院院长致欢迎辞。故选 C. 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If you are required to have your photograph taken during a group tutorial session, quietly excuse yourself, and return to the session as soon as possible.” 如果在小组 辅导课上您需要拍照，悄悄地离开，然后尽快回来。 由此可知，在小组辅导课上可以离开去 拍照的。分析选项可知 C项符合题意，故选 C。 B Scientists say they’ve developed a system using machine learning to predict when and where lighting will strike.The research was led by engineers from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. The strikes can also cause power outages, destroy property, damage electrical equipment and start forest fires. For these reasons, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict and control lightning. In the United States and other places, ground-based sensing devices are used to identify strikes as they happen. But, no system has been created to effectively predict lightning. The system tested in the experiments used a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning. The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. The atmospheric, data was placed into a machine learning algorithm (算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens. Amirhossein Mostajabi is a PhD student at the institute who led the development of the method. He said, “current systems for gathering such data are slow and complex and require costly collection equipment like radar or satellites.” “Our method uses data that can be obtained from any weather station,” Mostajabi said. “This will improve data collection in very remote areas not covered by radar and satellite or in places where communication systems have been cut,” he added. The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection system. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. 40. Why have climate scientists tried to predict and control lighting? A. To collect relative data. B. To reduce the destruction lightning has been causing. C. To create a scientific system. D. To do research in relation to machine learning. 41. The four mentioned surface conditions include all the following EXCEPT________. A. air pollution B. wind speed C. relative humidity D. air temperature 42. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to? A. Lighting. B. The system being tested. C. The atmospheric data. D. The machine learning algorithm. 43. What can we learn about Mostajabi from the passage? A. He developed the method and the system himself. B. He thinks the current systems are too slow and simple. C. He is a professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. D. He believes their system does much better in data collection. 44. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? A. Lightning Causes Huge World Wide Damage. B. Scientists Test Systems to Predict Lightning. C. Machine Learning Has Made New Breakthrough. D. ANewApproach Has Improved Data Collection. 【答案】40. B 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们开发出的一种系统，利用机器学习能力有效地预测 闪电，以减少闪电袭击带来的危害和损失。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“...that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. The strikes can also cause power outages, destroy property, damage electrical equipment and start forest fires. For these reasons，climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict and control lightning.(世界各地每年有 6,000至 24,000人死于闪电。闪电袭击 还可能导致停电、破坏财产、损坏电气设备和引发森林火灾)”可知，科协家们想预测、控制 闪电是因为想找到办法，以减少闪电所带来的危害和损失。故选 B项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The data related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed.”可知，与四个主要表面条件有关的数据有气压、 空气温度、相对湿度和风速，没有提到空气污染。故选 A项。 【42题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段“The atmospheric data was placed into a machine learning algorithm (算 法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes.(将大气数据输入到机器学习计算法中，随后 计算法会将这些数据与闪电袭击记录进行比较)”可以推测，it指代上一句中的 the atmospheric data。故选 C项。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。第六段中提到“current systems for gathering such data are slow and complex and require costly collection equipment like radar or satellites”可知，Mostajabi 认为目前收集此类数 据的系统缓慢而复杂，需要昂贵的雷达或卫星等收集设备；第七段中提到“Our method uses data that can be obtained from any weather station…This will improve data collection in very remote areas not covered by radar and satellite or in places where communication systems have been cut”可知，Mostajabi认为他们这种方法使用的数据可以从任何气象站获得，这将改善雷达和 卫星未覆盖的非常偏远地区或通信系统被切断的地方的数据收集。因此可以推断，Mostajabi 相信他们的系统在数据收集方面比原来的做得更好。故选 D项。 【44题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第 1 段讲到：科学家们开发出的一种系统有效地预测闪电。后又提到这个 预测系统减少闪电袭击带来的危害和损失以及它的作用。由此可知，Scientists Test Systems to Predict Lightning.(科学家测试系统来预测闪电)能够概述文章大意。故选 B项。 C Dad and I loved baseball and hated sleep. One midsummer dawn when I was nine, we drove to the local park with our baseballs, gloves, and Yankees caps. “If you thought night baseball was a thrill, just wait,” Dad told me. “Morning air carries the ball like you’ve never seen.” He was right. Our fastballs charged faster and landed more lightly. The echoes of our catches popped as the sun rose over the dew-sprinkled fields. The park was all ours for about two hours. Then a young mother pushed her stroller toward us. When she neared, dad politely leaned-over the stroller, waved, and gave the baby his best smile. The mother stared at him for a second, and then rushed away. Dad covered his mouth with his hand and walked to the car. “Let’s go,” he said. “I’m not feeling well.” Amonth earlier, Bell’s palsy(贝尔氏神经麻痹）had struck Dad, paralyzing the right side of his face. His smile, which once eased the pain of playground cuts and burst forth was gone. As I slumped in the car, I began suspecting that our sunrise, park visit wasn’t about watching daylight lift around us. This was his effort to avoid stares. After that day, Dad spent more time indoors and no longer wanted to play catch. For Bell’s palsy suffers, most recover in several weeks. Other cases take a few months to heal. But after nine weeks of therapy, the doctor admitted she couldn’t help Dad. Dad coped through humor. He occasionally grabbed erasable markers and drew an even-sided wide smile across his face. Other times, he practiced his Elvis impersonation, joking that his curled lips allowed him to perfect his performance of “Hound Dog”. By the time I entered fourth grade that September, dad could blink his right eye and speak clearly again.But his smile still hadn’t returned.So I made a secret vow I would abstain from smiles of any kind. Nothing about fourth grade made this easy. Classmates were both old enough to laugh about pop culture and young enough to appreciate jokes. Kids called me Frowny the Dwarf.(I was three foot ten.) Teachers accompanied me into hallways, asking what was wrong. Breaking the promise I had made myself was tempting, but I couldn’t let Dad not smile alone. When I asked my PE coach, “What’s so great about smiling?” He made me do push-ups while the rest of the class played ball game. Then he called Dad. I never learned what they discussed. But when I got off the school bus that afternoon, I saw Dad waiting for me, holding our gloves and ball. For the first time in months, we got in the family car and went to the park for a catch. “It’s been too long,” he said. Roughly a half-dozen fathers and sons lined the field with gloved arms in the air. Dad couldn’t smile, but he beamed, and so did I. Sundown came quickly. The field’s white lights glowed, and everyone else left. But dad and I threw everything from curve balls to folly floaters into the night. We had catching up to do. 45. Why did Dad choose to play baseballs one summer dawn? A. They could perform better in the morning. B. Morning air was more suitable for playing baseball. C. He tried to escape others attention to his face. D. The park was empty and they could enjoy themselves 46. The underlined phrase “abstain from” in Paragraph 12 means_______. A. seek for B. give up C. recover from D. break into 47. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 13? A. The boy lost his ability to smile. B. The boy couldn’t appreciate pop culture C. The boy must have suffered many wrongs. D. The boy tried his best to make Father smile. 48. Why did the father accompany his son to the park for a catch that night? A. He had made a complete recovery. B. He thought night baseball was a thrill. C He was instructed by the PE coach to do so." D. He intended his son to return to normal 49. Which of the following can best describe the author’s father? A. Selfless and lucky B. Responsible, and humorous. C. Sensitive and stubborn. D Generous and determined. 50. What is the best title for the passage? A. Losing My Father’s Smile B. Making a Hidden Secret C. Playing Baseball in the Morning D. Recovering from a Face Illness 【答案】45. C 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者在文章中讲述了爸爸的微笑消失的原因以及给作者带来的影响。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第八段 As I slumped in the car, I began suspecting that our sunrise, park visit wasn’t about watching daylight lift around us. This was his effort to avoid stares. 当我躺在车里的 时候，我开始怀疑我们的日出、公园之旅并不是为了看日出。他这样做是为了避免别人盯着 他看。可知，爸爸选择在一个夏天的黎明打棒球是因为他尝试不让别人注意到他的脸。故选 C 项。 【46题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第十二段中…dad could blink his right eye and speak clearly again. But his smile still hadn’t returned. 爸爸眨了眨右眼，又能清楚地说话了。但他的微笑仍然没有回来。由作者 描写爸爸的微笑仍然没回来，可知，作者因此发誓放弃任何微笑，故猜测划线词 abstain from 意为“放弃，戒绝”。故选 B项。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第十三段中 Kids called me Frowny the Dwarf. (I was three foot ten.) Teachers accompanied me into hallways, asking what was wrong. 孩子们叫我小矮人弗鲁尼。(我身高三英 尺十英寸。)老师们陪着我走进走廊，问我出了什么事。由孩子们叫作者为小矮人，老师又问 发生了什么，可知，这个男孩一定受了不少冤屈。故选 C项。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第十八、十九段When I asked my PE coach, `What's so great about smiling?' he made me do push-ups while the rest of the class played Wiffle ball. Then he called Dad 和最后一段 中 Dad couldn’t smile, but he beamed, and so did I. 老师发现了作者的脸不会笑这件事，告诉了 他父亲。父亲那天晚上陪儿子去公园玩是因为他想让他的儿子恢复正常（能够微笑）。故选 D 项。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第十一段 Dad coped through humor. He occasionally grabbed erasable markers and drew an even-sided wide smile across his face. Other times, he practiced his Elvis impersonation, joking that his curled lips allowed him to perfect his performance of “Hound Dog”. 爸爸通过幽默 应对生活。他偶尔会拿起可擦的记号笔，在脸上画出一个对称的大大的笑容。其他时候，他 练习模仿埃尔维斯，开玩笑说，他的噘嘴可以让他完美地表演《猎犬》。可知，作者的爸爸是 幽默的；由最后一段中 Dad couldn’t smile, but he beamed, and so did I. 爸爸不会笑，但他微笑 了，我也一样。可知，作者的爸爸为了儿子让自己微笑了，因此是负责任的。因此，作者的 爸爸是幽默且负责任的。故选 B项。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中When she neared, dad politely leaned-over the stroller, waved, and gave the baby his best smile. 当她走近时，爸爸礼貌地从婴儿车上探过身来，向她挥手，并给了婴儿 一个最好的微笑。作者描述了爸爸不微笑的原因；第七段中 His smile, which once eased the pain of playground cuts and burst forth was gone. 他的微笑，曾经缓解疼痛的操场割伤和爆发，已消 失。作者描述了爸爸的微笑已经消失；以及最后一段中 Dad couldn’t smile, but he beamed, and so did I. 爸爸不会笑，但他微笑了，我也一样。作者描述了爸爸的微笑回来了。可知，本文主要 是讲述了爸爸的微笑消失的原因以及给作者带来的影响，因此本文的最佳标题是“失去了父 亲的笑容”。故选 A项。 D The recent widespread interest in all branches of psychology has accustomed us to accepting an idea which,when first offered,seemed laughable:We all,at some level,spend most of the time on reverie(幻想）。We dream either consciously or unconsciously,awake or asleep,of a situation in which we feel we should be happier than we are in real life.Occasionally some childish ideas of happiness or success break out in to confuse or prevent us from living an adult life.Sometimes the dream is refusing to leave the safe shelter of the nursery,where all wants were met as soon as felt,where warmth and food and love were given freely and unearned.As Emerson wrote,"We do not believe there is any force in today to match or recreate that beautiful yesterday.We linger in(徘徊）the ruins of the old tent where once we had bread and shelter."To some extent this is true of all of us,but less true of the happy and successful adult than of others. At other times,funnily enough,the life-wasting reverie is about success:The mild man is Napoleon or the ugly woman is a charming singer.If reality never broke in upon such reverie,the dreamer might be happier than if he were to find himself in a position to realize some part of it.Such reverie is in itself compensation for a life of dull routine.But,the world being what it is,the dreamer must live,for part of his time at least,in the cold atmosphere of fact.This is no Land of Cockaigne:Roast 1t pigs do not run about crying,"Eat me!"Fruit does not fall from the trees into our mouths.. The deeply rooted dreamer will struggle only just as much as he needs,and no more.He will do anything half-heartedly to get his bread and butter.Then,when his daily task is over,he will be hack to his dreams again,whether he realizes it or not. He succeeds at only one thing:in clearing away a little space,gaining each day a few hours of free time,for just one purpose-to go on wasting his life.But his dream is happy.It is,for him,a true compensation for his failure in every other relation,and so he continues in it.Yet,since after all happiness is the true goal,he believes that the smallest success in reverie brings with it more happiness. However,it is important to remember that failure is real,for otherwise we will not prepare ourselves to fight it. 51. People's spending most of the time on reverie is something that A. was laughed at by people in the past B. most people are greatly fed up with C. psychologists are very interested in D. psychologists have widely accepted 52. People who are living in reverie A. are filled with fear of the future life B. usually have a happy childhood C. always enjoy recalling their past life D. are happier than any successful adult 53. People living in the Land of Cockaigne______ A. think that they are the greatest of the world B. could enjoy all they need for life without work C. will realize life means struggle D. usually live a life of dull routine 54. Which of the following about deeply rooted dreamers is TRUE? A. They'll never work for life even when they're starving. B. They admire heroes so much as to become Napoleon.b C. They don't feel happy due to the little things they have. D. They'll never do any more than keeping themselves alive. 55. The writer suggests in the passage that_____ A. we should stop spending most of our time on reverie B. people can realize something vital through dreaming C. we should prepare ourselves to fight failure D. people can gain more happiness from reality 【答案】51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种引起心理学家广泛兴趣的现象—幻想。大多数的人都幻想 过，文章提醒大家不要沉迷于幻想，要认清现实并且努力奋斗。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 The recent widespread interest in all branches of psychology has accustomed us to accepting an idea which, when first offered,seemed laughable:We all,at some level,spend most of the time on reverie(幻想）。可知，我们所有人都把大部分时间花在幻想上， 这件事最近引起了心理学家们的浓厚兴趣，故选 C。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中 Occasionally some childish ideas of happiness or success break out in to confuse or prevent us from living an adult life.Sometimes the dream is refusing to leave the safe shelter of the nursery,where all wants were met as soon as felt,where warmth and food and love were given freely and unearned.可知，有时候一些关于幸福或成功的想法迸发出来，迷惑着或阻止着 我们，使我们远离成年人的生活。有时候我们幻想着拒绝离开小时候的幼儿园，在那里什么 都能够得到满足。由此可以判断出，幻想的人经常习惯性地回忆过去的美好的生活，实际上 是在心理上对于未来生活的担忧和恐惧。故选 A。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 This is no Land of Cockaigne: Roast 1t pigs do not run about crying, "Eat me!" Fruit does not fall from the trees into our mouths.可知，现实生活可不是安乐乡：烤猪不 会跑来跑去哭喊着“吃我吧!”果实不会从树上掉到我们嘴里。故安乐乡是不劳而获之地，故 选 B。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中 The deeply rooted dreamer will struggle only just as much as he needs, and no more.可知，根深蒂固的梦想家只为他的需要奋斗，不会为更多而奋斗。从而推断，根 深蒂固的梦想家们所做的只是让自己活着。故选 D。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中 However, it is important to remember that failure is real, for otherwise we will not prepare ourselves to fight it.可知，认清现实和失败是很重要的，否则我们就不会为之 奋斗了，此篇文章鼓励我们应该停止浪费时间的幻想，故选 A。 第 II卷（共 35分） 注意事项：用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能使用修改液。 第三部分：写作 第一节、阅读表达（共 5小题；每小题 2分，满分 10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题 Since it never occurred to anybody at the school to provide the services of an interpreter,I had to sit in the front row so that I could read the teacher's lips. Classroom discussions were virtually impossible to follow because I couldn't hear what was being said around the room.In a vain effort to keep up with them,I was always asking whoever happened to be sitting next to me what was being said. Eventually,I got tired of watching everyone shrug their shoulders indifferently and rolling their eyes.I began to pretend that I knew what was going on.Fitting in was so important to me that every time the kids laughed,I laughed along even though I felt muddle-headed most of the time. Luckily then fate threw me light. On one sunny afternoon,my teacher,Mrs.Jordan,asked the class a question.I read her lips from my front-row seat and immediately raised my hand.I couldn't believe it-despite my fears,I felt incredibly confident because-for once-I was sure I had the right answer.But,when she called on me,I was suddenly afraid. Here was an opportunity to impress the powerful teacher and show her I was worthy of her love.I didn't want to blow it.I took a deep breath and nervously answered her question. Her explosive response shocked all of us.She enthusiastically stepped her right foot on the floor,pointing directly at me.With sparkling eyes and a wide smile she cried,“THAT'S RIGHT,STEPHEN!” For the first time in my young life,I felt like an instant star.My heart burst with pride.My confidence soared.It was amazing what a great effect the simple three-word phrase delivered with incredible enthusiasm had on my young life. THAT'S RIGHT,STEPHEN!It got me to think that I would make a place for myself in this world no matter how many obstacles I had to overcome.From that day,my grades and speech improved dramatically and my peers suddenly looked at me with new respect. 56. What frequently happened when the author asked for help from his classmates?(No more than 5 words) 57.What does the underlined word"muddle-headed”in paragraph 1 mean?（No more than 1 words) 58. Why was the author in fear of answering Mrs.Jordan's question?(No more than 10 words) 59. What's the main idea of the last paragraph?(No more than 10 words) 60. How did a simple act of your teacher once change you?(No more than 25 words) 【答案】56. He was refused./They weren't willing to help. 57. Confused/Puzzled 58. Because he was afraid that he would disappoint her./Because he didn't want to lose her love/care. 59. Mrs.Jordan changed the author's life. /How Mrs.Jordan's words encouraged/inspired the author. /The three-word phrase had a great effect on the author. 60. Open 【解析】 本文为一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己曾因听不见而自卑，后来在回答对Mrs. Jordan的提问后， 感到自豪，生活得到改变的故事。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段 Eventually,I got tired of watching everyone shrug their shoulders indifferently and rolling their eyes. 最后，我厌倦了看每个人漠不关心地耸耸肩和转动眼睛。可 知，当作者向同学求助时，经常遭到拒绝。故填 He was refused./They weren't willing to help. 【57题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段 I began to pretend that I knew what was going on. 我开始假装我知道发 生了什么事情。由此可以看出，作者对发生的事情是感到迷惑的，因此通过上下文语境可以 判断出，划线词的意思是“感到迷惑的”。故填 Confused/Puzzled 【58题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段 Here was an opportunity to impress the powerful teacher and show her I was worthy of her love. I didn’t want to blow it. 这是个机会，可以让我给这个强大的老师留下印 象，告诉她我值得她爱。我不想搞砸。可知，作者害怕回答Mrs. Jordan的提问是因为害怕答 错让她失望。故填 Because he was afraid that he would disappoint her./Because he didn't want to lose her love/care. 【59题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段 .It was amazing what a great effect the simple three-word phrase delivered with incredible enthusiasm had on my young life. 令人惊讶的是，这简单的三个字的短 语以难以置信的热情给我的生活产生了多么大的影响。最后一段讲述了Mrs. Jordan改变了我 的人生。故填 Mrs.Jordan changed the author's life. /How Mrs.Jordan's words encouraged/inspired the author. /The three-word phrase had a great effect on the author. 【60题详解】 开放题型。观点积极，言之有理即可。 第二节、书面表达（共 1小题；共 25分） 61.假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你在某网站的论坛上读到一位名为 Chris的外国学生发的帖 子，得知他去年，虽语言不通但借助翻译软件的帮助，到几个不同的国家旅游，基本顺利。 他疑惑有了翻译软件，今后是不是就没有必要学习外语了。请根据以下提示给 Chris留言： （1）还有必要继续学习外语； （2）翻译软件的缺点，如准确性及时性，适用场合等等； （3）掌握外语的好处。 注意：（1）词数不少于 100； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Translation Apps In,Foreign Languages Out? Posted on May 27th,2020 9:00 PM .........With translation apps on hand,I wonder whether learning foreign languages is necessary in the future? Reply to Chris Posted on May 27th,2020 16:00 PM Hi, Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 【答案】Hi, Chris, I learned from the forum that you have traveled to several different countries with the help of translation APPs. But you are wondering whether we need to learn a foreign language in the future. In my opinion, it is necessary for us to learn foreign languages. First of all, translation APPs also have shortcomings. For example, it is not only inaccurate, but also it is not timely enough. There are also some situations in which translation APPs are not available. In addition, mastering a foreign language also has many advantages. By learning a foreign language well, we can not only communicate freely but also feel its cultural charm. So I think it is necessary for us to learn foreign languages. Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求给 Chris 说明学习外语的重要性。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文。 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。 结构：总分法。 要求： 1.还有必要继续学习外语； 2.翻译软件的缺点，如准确性及时性，适用场合等等； 3.掌握外语的好处。 第二步：列提纲（重点短语） learned from；with the help of；shortcomings；are not available；communicate freely；cultural charm 第三步：连词成句 1.I learned from the forum that you have traveled to several different countries translation APPs. 2.First of all, translation APPs also have shortcomings. 3.There are also some situations in which translation APPs are not available. 4.By learning a foreign language well, we can not only communicate freely but also feel its cultural charm. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇 1.表示文章结构顺序：归纳上文；提出观点；最后总结。 2.表示并列补充关系：In my opinion,；First of all,；also 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如宾语从句 I learned from the forum that you have traveled to several different countries with the help of translation APPs.定语从句 There are also some situations in which translation APPs are not available.非谓语动词 In addition, mastering a foreign language also has many advantages 等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为 文章增色添彩。