【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit2TheOlympicGames单元学案（26页）

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit2TheOlympicGames单元学案（26页）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit2The Olympic Games单元学案 一单元基础知识链接 一、分层单词 写作词汇 ‎1.　　　　 n.志愿者;志愿兵 ‎ adj.志愿的;义务的 vt.& vi.自愿 ‎2.　　　　 n.祖国;本国 ‎ ‎3.　　　　vt.取代;替换;代替 ‎ ‎4.　　　　vt.& vi.收费;控诉 ‎ n.费用;主管 ‎5.　　　　adj.物理的;身体的 ‎ ‎6.　　　　vt.& vi.做广告;登广告 ‎ ‎7.　　　　 vi.&vt.应受(报答或惩罚);值得 ‎ ‎8.　　　　vi.比赛;竞争 ‎ 阅读词汇 ‎1.ancient adj.　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.medal n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.basis n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎4.athlete n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎5.nowadays adv. 　　　　　 ‎ ‎6.stadium n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎7.host vt.& n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎8.swift adj.　　　　　 ‎ ‎9.fine vt.　　　　　 ‎ ‎10.poster n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎11.bargain vi.& n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎12.gymnastics n.(pl) 　　　　　 ‎ ‎13.motto n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎14.glory n.　　　　　 ‎ ‎15.pain n.　　　　　 ‎ 拓展词汇 ‎1.　　　　 vi.比赛;竞争→　　　　 n.竞争→　　　　adj.竞争的;有竞争力的→　　　　 n.竞争者 ‎ ‎2.　　　　adj.规则的;定期的;常规的→　　　　adv. 定期地;有规律地 ‎ ‎3.　　　　vt.& vi.容许;承认;接纳→　　　　 n.准许加入;入场费 ‎ ‎4.　　　　 n.责任;职责→　　　　adj.负责的 ‎ ‎5.　　　　adj.愚蠢的;傻的→　　　　 n.傻瓜 vt.欺骗;愚弄 ‎ 二、高频短语 ‎ ‎1.　　　　　　参加;参与 ‎ ‎2.　　　　　　代表;象征;表示 ‎ ‎3.　　　　　　也;又;还 ‎ ‎4.　　　　　　一个接一个地 ‎ ‎5.　　　　　　拾起;捡起;用车接某人 ‎ ‎6.　　　　　　代替…… ‎ ‎7.　　　　　　在……中起作用 ‎ ‎8.　　　　　　主管;看管;负责 ‎ ‎9.　　　　　　除了……外 ‎ 三、经典句型 ‎1.I lived in　　　　　　　　　　　　(你们称之为……的地方)“Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.  ‎ ‎2.　　　　　　　　　　　　(正是在夏季奥运会上)you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports. ‎ ‎3.No other countries could join in, 　　　　　　　　　　　　(奴隶和妇女也不能参加)!  ‎ ‎4.Women　　　　　　　　　　　　(不仅被允许参加,而且还在……中起着非常重要的作用)gymnastics, athletics, team sports and... ‎ ‎5.There’s 　　　　　　　　　　　　(争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟……一样激烈)to win Olympic medals.  ‎ ‎6.She was very beautiful and could 　　　　　　　　　 (比任何一个男人跑得都快)in Greece.  ‎ ‎7.She 　　　　　　　　　　　　(如此生气以至于)she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her.  ‎ ‎8.This is important because 　　　　　　　　　　　　(你说的英语越多,你的英语就会越好).  ‎ 基础知识运用篇 一、语境词汇运用 ‎(一)词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)‎ ‎1.You 　　　 (值得) an award for the role that you played. ‎ ‎2.Does the bank 　　　 (收费) a fee for setting up the account? ‎ ‎3.I’m short of money, and can’t afford a new car to 　　　 (替换) my old one. ‎ ‎4.She suffered a lot of 　　　 (身体的) pain because of the illness. ‎ ‎5.The nursing home is 　　　(登广告)for a volunteer to help look after the patients. ‎ ‎6.One of the 　　　(志愿者)for the rescue work injured himself when helping others. ‎ ‎7.If the building project to be completed by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be 　　　(罚款). ‎ ‎8.The first lady of the country has 　　　(主办)a dinner to treat first ladies from other countries. ‎ ‎9.A man has been 　　　(指控)with drunken driving and will appear in the local court. ‎ ‎10.China has made efforts for a breakthrough in the total number of gold 　　　(奖牌)in the coming Olympic Games. ‎ ‎11.In my opinion, he 　　　(应受)to be punished for what he did. ‎ ‎12.The doctor 　　　　　　(负责)of the operation was taken to the police station to give an explanation of the medical accident. ‎ ‎13.According to the school’s regulations, any student who refuses to 　　　　　　　　　(参加)military training without a proper reason will receive punishment. ‎ ‎14.　　　　　　(除了)good service the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes. ‎ ‎15.No need to push. Let’s get on the train 　　　　　　　　　(一个接一个地). ‎ ‎16.Would it be convenient for you to 　　　　　　(开车接)my son at four o’clock at the airport? ‎ ‎17.It would be difficult to find a man to 　　　　　　　　　　　　(代替)the present manager. ‎ ‎18.Since you have started the job, you might 　　　　　　(也;又)finish it. ‎ ‎19.As is known to us, the letters PLA 　　　　　　(代表)the People’s Liberation Army. ‎ ‎(二)单句填空 ‎1.I find it really hard to exercise 　　　(regular). ‎ ‎2.It was 　　　of you to refer to your notes in such an important test. Stop making a 　　　of yourself.(fool) ‎ ‎3.All the excited 　　　 who are relatively 　　　 are 　　　 for the honor of winning the gold medals in the 　　　.(compete) ‎ ‎4.We’ll be 　　　 for your safety and you need to take 　　　 for your actions.(responsible) ‎ ‎5.He was 　　　 to Peking University and the 　　　made the whole village proud. (admit) ‎ 二、经典句型仿写 ‎1.1492年哥伦布到达了现在人们所称的美洲。(what)‎ ‎ In 1492, Columbus reached　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎2.正是你和史密斯先生帮助我克服了一切困难。(强调句型)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　 helped me to conquer all the difficulties. ‎ ‎3.她既不会说这种语言,也不会写这种语言。(nor)‎ ‎ She couldn’t speak the language;　　　　　　　　　.  ‎ ‎4.他没有收集到写书所需要的那么多信息。(as...as...)‎ He didn’t collect　　　　　　　　　　　　he needed for his Book .  ‎ ‎5.随着这场重要考试日益临近,我感到如此紧张以至于吃不下睡不着,因此在课堂上无精打采。(so...that...)‎ With the vital exam drawing near, I felt 　　　　　　　　　I even couldn’t eat or sleep, thus making me very sleepy in class.  ‎ ‎6.中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。(比较级+than+any+单数可数名词)‎ China　　　　　　　　　　　　 in Africa.  ‎ ‎7.他越是这样想,越是变得不开心。(the+比较级...the+比较级...)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　he thought like this, 　　　　　　　　 he became. ‎ 答案精解精析 基础知识默写篇 一、分层单词 写作词汇 ‎1.volunteer　2.homeland　3.replace　4.charge　5.physical　6.advertise 7.deserve　8.compete 阅读词汇 ‎1.古代的;古老的　2.奖章;勋章;纪念章　3.基础;根据　4.运动员;运动选手　5.现今;现在　6.体育场　7.做东,主办,招待;主人　8.快的;迅速的　9.罚款　10.海报;招贴　11.讨价还价,讲条件;便宜货 ‎12.体操;体能训练　13.座右铭;格言;警句　14.光荣;荣誉　15.疼痛;痛苦 拓展词汇 ‎1.compete;competition;competitive;competitor　2.regular;regularly ‎3.admit;admission　4.responsibility;responsible　5.foolish;fool 二、高频短语 ‎1.take part in　2.stand for　3.as well　4.one after another ‎5.pick up　6.take the place of　7.play a role in　8.in charge　9.apart from 三、经典句型 ‎1.what you call　2.It's in the Summer Olympics that ‎3.nor could slaves or women　4.are not only allowed, but play a very important role in　5.as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as　6.run faster than any man　7.was so angry that　‎ ‎8.the more you speak English, the better your English will become 基础知识运用篇 一、语境词汇运用 ‎(一)词汇拼写 ‎1.deserve　2.charge　3.replace　4.physical　5.advertising　6.volunteers ‎7.fined　8.hosted　9.charged　10.medals　11.deserves　12.in charge　13.take part in　14.Apart from　15.one after another　16.pick up 17.take the place of　18.as well　19.stand for ‎(二)单句填空 ‎ ‎1.regularly　2.foolish;fool　3.competitors;competitive;competing;competition　4.responsible;responsibility　5.admitted;admission 二、经典句型仿写 ‎1.what is now called America　2.It was you and Mr. Smith that　3.nor could she write in this language　4.as much information as　5.so nervous that　6.is larger than any country　7.The more;the unhappier ‎1 课文与语法填空 ‎　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Pausanias and Li Yan are talking about the similarities and the differences between the ancient Olympics ‎ ‎　1　 the modern Olympics. The ancient Olympic Games were first held in Olympia, in 　2　 only men from the Greek world had the right 　3　 (compete). The champions were awarded olive wreaths 　4　 prizes. The modern Olympics 　5　 (start) in 1896. Since then, athletes from all over the world have come to take part in the Olympic Games every four years. There are two sets of Games — the Summer and the Winter Olympics. All countries can take part if their athletes reach the 　6　 (agree) standard. There are over 250 sports. To house all the competitors, 　7　 special village is usually built, a main reception building, several stadiums for competitions, and a gymnasium as 　8　(good). The winners of the first three places 　9　 (award) gold,‎ ‎ silver and bronze medals. The motto of the Olympic Games is:　10　 (swift), Higher and Stronger. ‎ ‎1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 ‎ ‎2 课文与短文改错 根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ Atlanta was a Greek princess whom was very beautiful and could run fast than any man in Greece. So she was not allowed run in the Olympic Games. She was so angrily that she said to his father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her. What’s more, if a man who wanted to marry her couldn’t run as fast as her, he would be killed. ‎ Heard of her rules, many of the kings and princes sadly went to home. A man calling Hippomenes was determined to run the race with the Greek Goddess of Love helped him.‎ ‎3 话题知识与写作 Ⅰ.根据提示翻译下列句子。‎ ‎1.有两届主要的奥运会——夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会,它们都是每四年举行一次。(every four years)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.奥林匹克会旗上的五环代表地球上的五大洲。(the Olympic flag; stand for)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.只有当运动员参加过定期的比赛并且得到认可后他们才能被允许参加奥运会。(be admitted into)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.他们为荣誉也为奖牌而战。(as well as)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5.现在,在运动场上可以见到许多志愿者。(volunteer)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6.他们的责任是为他人提供服务,这是值得表扬的。(deserve)‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅱ.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案精解精析 ‎1.课文与语法填空 ‎1.and　2.which　3.to compete　4.as　5.started ‎6.agreed　7.a　8.well　9.are awarded 10.Swifter　‎ ‎2.课文与短文改错 ‎　　Atlanta was a Greek princess ① was very beautiful and could run ② than any man in Greece. ③ she was not allowed④run in the Olympic Games. She was so ⑤ that she said to ⑥ father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her. What’s more, if a man who wanted to marry her couldn’t run as fast as her, he would be killed. ‎ ‎ ⑦ of her rules, many of the kings and princes sadly went ⑧to home.A man ⑨ Hippomenes was determined to run the race with the Greek Goddess of Love ⑩ him.‎ ‎①先行词是princess,关系代词在从句中作主语,应用who或that而不用whom。‎ ‎②由后面的than可知,此处为比较级。‎ ‎③由上文可知她跑得很快,但是她不被允许参加奥运会。应该是转折关系。‎ ‎④be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事。‎ ‎⑤此处用形容词作表语。‎ ‎⑥根据前面的主语she可知,应用her。‎ ‎⑦主语many of the kings and princes与动词hear之间为主动关系。‎ ‎⑧home在此处为副词,故went后直接接home。‎ ‎⑨call和man为被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎⑩此处结构为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”,即with的复合结构,且宾语与动词help之间为主动关系。‎ ‎3.话题知识与写作 Ⅰ.1.There are two main sets of Olympics—the Summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games, both of which are held every four years.‎ ‎2.The five rings in the Olympic flag stand for the five continents on the earth.‎ ‎3.Only when athletes have taken part in regular competitions and got recognition can they be admitted into the Olympics. ‎ ‎4.They compete for glory as well as medals. ‎ ‎5.Nowadays, a large number of volunteers can be seen in the stadiums.‎ ‎6.Their responsibility is to serve others and it deserves to be praised.‎ Ⅱ.[参考范文]‎ ‎　　There are two main sets of Olympics—the Summer Olympic Games and the Winter Olympic Games, both of which are held every four years.The five rings in the Olympic flag stand for the five continents on the earth.‎ Only when athletes have taken part in regular competitions and got recognition can they be admitted into the Olympics. They compete for glory as well as medals. Nowadays, a large number ‎ of volunteers can be seen in the stadiums. Their responsibility is to serve others and it deserves to be praised.‎ 单元阅读解题指导 短文改错中的动词纠错技巧 方法指导 在短文改错中对动词的纠错是常见的命题形式,这与语法填空中对动词的考查“异曲同工”,也常以下面几个维度命题:‎ ‎1)考查词性变化:主要考查动词与名词的误用,此时主要根据句子成分和词性与词性的相互修饰关系来判断。‎ ‎2)考查谓语动词:在确定考查谓语动词后,可采用“三步法”解题: ①动词的语态是否正确(是主动语态还是被动语态);②动词的时态是否正确(结合语境和时间状语);③是否符合主谓一致的原则。‎ ‎3)考查非谓语动词:主要考查非谓语动词作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语,此时主要根据非谓语动词的基本用法来判断。‎ ‎4)考查固定搭配:根据所学固定搭配进行比对,对号入座。‎ ‎5)考查情态动词或虚拟语气:情态动词后接动词原形是常见命题点。‎ 典例引领 (2017课标全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.‎ 方法运用 ‎1.第二句:how→what　考查“特殊疑问词+不定式”。do后边缺少宾语,故用what。‎ ‎2.第三句:chose→choose　情态动词后应该用动词原形。‎ ‎3.第三句:take→taking　和staying并列,故用taking。‎ ‎4.第四句:but→and　根据句意“如果我们待在家里,舒服而且没有必要花钱”可知前后不是转折关系。‎ ‎5.第五句:world前加the　world前需要加定冠词 the。‎ ‎6.第六句:your→our　此处为“我们能开阔我们的视野”,故把your 改为our。‎ ‎7.第六句:knowledges→knowledge　knowledge 是不可数名词。‎ ‎8.第七句:can→should或去掉can　suggest“建议”后的从句的谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。‎ ‎9.第八句:thought→think　本句表示的是作者现在的看法而不是过去的看法。‎ ‎10.第九句:many→much　此处表示“不需要花费很多钱”,故用much。‎ 单元综合知识检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018山西运城模拟)‎ You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you’re not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?‎ If the decision were up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She’s a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn’t have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.‎ ‎“The trophy has to stand for something,” Dweck told TFK. “If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.” Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work. ‎ Others say that there’s no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.‎ ‎“I think we should encourage kids’ participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids’ efforts.”‎ Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation (等式),” Barish told TFK. “Playing sports also teaches kids something about teamwork and the importance of exercise.” ‎ There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. They’ll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there’‎ s nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone. ‎ ‎1.According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy?‎ A.Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team.‎ B.David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.‎ C.Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.‎ D.Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game.‎ ‎2.Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with?‎ A.There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone.‎ B.Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded.‎ C.Kids should be given trophies for trying their best.‎ D.It is necessary to encourage kids’ participation in sports.‎ ‎3.The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “　　　”. ‎ A.honour B.choose C.value D.stress ‎4.Which shows the correct structure of the text?‎ B ‎(2017四川成都经济技术开发区实验中学月考)‎ ‎　　Parents can do anything for their children. Whether it should be their food, clothes or the places they live in,parents will always make sure their children have the best. One of the biggest concerns that parents currently have is educating their children. They are faced with lots of difficulties when it comes to education for their children. Choices include private schools, charter schools, public schools and home schooling.‎ Fortunately for parents,there are a variety of strategies that they can adopt in order to increase their children’s overall intelligence. According to Ross A. Thompson, PhD at the University of California, a child’s brain will actually reach 90% of its full size by the time he/she starts kindergarten.‎ Researchers at Northwestern University in Chicago concluded that playing a musical instrument directly affected the brainstem, the central part of the brain. Moreover, children who learn an instrument at an early age tend to continue to play it when they are older. And numerous studies show that a well-balanced meal is essential for a child’s mental as well as physical health. Some researchers recommend that a second language should be taught when children are in preschool. They state that three or four years of age is the perfect time and that any age under four will be good for a child’s brain development.‎ The average child will learn how to read between kindergarten and the second grade. Many parents can give their children a jump start by teaching them to read before they start school. Children can have an adequate background of the alphabet and pronunciations of words before attending school. This can be done by simply reading to them whenever you want. ‎ ‎5.From the first paragraph, we can infer that　　　. ‎ A.parents find it hard to satisfy their kids’ various demands B.parents meet a new challenge when raising their kids C.parents have more choices when offering education to their kids D.parents get actively involved in the process of their kids’ growth ‎6.What suggestion may the researchers in the passage make?‎ A.To train kids as early as possible.‎ B.To try as many means as possible.‎ C.To help kids develop as fully as possible.‎ D.To use as many available resources as possible.‎ ‎7.What does the third paragraph mainly discuss?‎ A.The proper time to teach children to learn languages.‎ B.The effective ways to help develop children’s brains.‎ C.The vital factors in having a great effect on children’s health.‎ D.The practical steps to arouse children’s interest in study.‎ ‎8.We can replace the words “jump start” in the last paragraph with　　　. ‎ A.inspiration B.introduction C.suggestion D.promotion Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎　　Both the British and Americans like playing football. However, they play it quite 　1　(different). For most Americans, British football, also 　2　(know) as soccer is a bit dull and boring. ‎ American football is not like soccer. The ball is not round. It is like a big egg. Each team 　3　(make) up of eleven players. All the players can touch the ball with both 　4　(foot) and hands. Players sometimes kick the ball 　5　 they often throw the ball and run with it. If they can move it across the opposing team’s goal line, they can get six points, 　6　 is called a touchdown. ‎ ‎　7　 is not easy to move the ball. Eleven men in the opposing team do all they can 　8　(stop) the man with the ball. If he 　9　(fail) to move the ball ten yards, his team will have to kick the ball to the opposing team. ‎ In almost every big university in the USA, football is a popular sport. Whenever an important game is played, thousands of people come to watch it, 　10　(cheer) for their favorite teams. ‎ ‎1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 ‎ 答案精解精析 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎[语篇解读]　如果孩子参加体育比赛,那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢?文章就这个问题给出了两种不同的看法。‎ ‎1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段可知,斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck认为,进步最大的、对团队精神和表现最佳的运动员贡献最多的应获奖。故C项正确。‎ ‎2.D　细节理解题。根据第五段可知,Kenneth Barish认为,应该鼓励孩子参加体育活动。颁发奖杯就是一种激励方式。‎ ‎3.B　词义猜测题。根据第六段可知,Barish认为,当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候,我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信号:获胜就是一切。因此画线的短语“single out”意为“挑出”。‎ ‎4.B　篇章结构题。本文的第一段为导语,导入讨论的话题。第二、三段陈述了斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck的主要观点。下文(第四段至第七段)陈述的是Kenneth Barish的观点。因此B项清晰地展示了本文的结构。‎ B ‎[语篇解读]　本文为说明文,介绍了促进孩子大脑发育的最佳时间的方法。‎ ‎5.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“One of the biggest...their children.”可知选B。‎ ‎6.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句和第三段最后一句可知,孩子的大脑开发越早越好,故选A。‎ ‎7.B　主旨大意题。第三段从让孩子学习乐器和第二语言两个方面说明了如何开发孩子的大脑,故选B。‎ ‎8.D　词义猜测题。根据画线短语后面的teaching them to read before they start school可知,在孩子上学之前教他们阅读可以帮助他们提升,故选D。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎[语篇解读]　本文为说明文,题材为社会文化类。文章介绍了美式足球的规则及运动队的组成和比赛情况。‎ ‎1.differently　空格中所填单词在句中修饰动词play,需用different的副词形式。‎ ‎2.known　known as soccer是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰British football。‎ ‎3.is made　be made up of是固定短语,意思是“由……组成”,这里说的是一般性情况,用一般现在时。‎ ‎4.feet　这里指的是运动员的双脚,故用foot的复数形式。‎ ‎5.but　前后内容意义上存在转折关系,用but连接。‎ ‎6.which　关系代词which指代前面整个主句内容,引导非限制性定语从句,其中关系代词which在句中作主语。‎ ‎7.It　it在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。‎ ‎8.to stop　do all one can to do sth.意思是“尽某人所能做某事”。‎ ‎9.fails　主句是一般将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时。‎ ‎10.cheering　cheering for their favorite teams是现在分词短语作状语,分词动作与逻辑主语people之间是主动关系。‎