2020届高考英语阅读理解（四选一）专题分类特训---阅读4（二）

2020届高考英语阅读理解（四选一）专题分类特训---阅读4（二）

‎1、    Artificial intelligence,or AI,has been applied in a wide range of fields to perform specific tasks,including education, finance, heavy industry, transportation, toys and games, and so on.‎ ‎    Education ‎     There are a number of companies that create robots to teach subjects to children ranging from biology to computer science,though such tools have not become widespread yet. Advancements in natural language processing,combined with machine learning,have also enabled automatic grading of assignments.‎ ‎    Finance ‎    Banks use artificial intelligence systems to organize operations,maintain book-keeping,invest in stocks, and manage property. Also,systems are being developed,like Atria,to translate complex data into simple language.There are also wallets,like Wallet AI, which monitor an individual’s spending habits and provides ways to improve them.‎ ‎    Heavy industry ‎    Robots have become common in many industries and are often given jobs that are considered dangerous to humans. Robots have proven effective in some jobs that are very repetitive which may lead to mistakes or accidents due to failure in concentration and other jobs which humans may find degrading.‎ ‎    Transportation ‎    Today’s cars can have AI-based driver assist features such as self-parking and advanced cruise controls. AI in transportation is expected to provide safe,efficient,and reliable transportation while minimizing the impact on the environment and communities.‎ ‎    Toys and games ‎    Companies like Mattel have been creating AI-enabled toys for kids as young as age three. Using proprietary AI engines and speech recognition tools, they are able to understand conversations, give intelligent responses and learn quickly. AI has also been applied to video games, for example video game bots, which are designed to stand in as opponents where humans aren’t available.‎ ‎1.Which is true about AI and education? A.Robots have been widely used to teach children. B.AI has been used to grade students’ homework. C.AI has enabled more students to receive education at school. D.Education was the first field where AI was used. 2.Which can be inferred from the passage? A.Atria can help people understand complex data. B.Wallet AI can help people make more money. C.Robots’ jobs are considered dangerous to humans. D.Robots can help people concentrate. 3.From the last two paragraphs we can know that_______________. A.Today’s drivers needn’t learn to park their cars B.AI ensures safe, efficient, and reliable transportation C.AI-enabled toys is designed to improve kids’ intelligence D.Video game bots can fight against you in video games ‎2、    How did people in ancient times keep food warm in winter without these?‎ ‎    ☆ “Wen Ding”,  an ancient rice cooker ‎    One of the major functions of an electric rice cooker is to keep food warm. The “Wen Ding”, an ancient cooking container, served the same purpose. It preserved heat by burning fuels like charcoal. The “Wen Ding” unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 dates back to the Stone Age.‎ ‎    ☆ “Ran Lu”, an ancient small hotpot ‎    The “Ran Lu” is a small size cooking vessel (器皿) made of bronze, which can be divided into three parts. A charcoal stove forms the main structure, with a bottom tray to hold charcoal ashes, and a movable cup at the top. The vessel’s structure suggests it may have been used as a small hotpot and this vessel became popular in the Warring States Period (475—221 B.C.).   ‎ ‎    ☆ Bronze You, an ancient kettle ‎    The "Bronze You" was one of the most common wine containers during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. The "Bronze You" can also be used to warm wine. For example, the Bronze You with a design of the beast mask, unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening where charcoal could be placed. Just as people today have to have an electric kettle, the "Bronze You" allowed people to enjoy a hot drink. ‎ ‎   ☆ Bronze Yan, an ancient steamer ‎    Although the “Wen Ding” was effective at keeping food warm, the ancient Chinese people later found that its burning process produced pollution. As a result, the "Bronze Yan" made with a two-tier structure and used to steam rice and other grains. After the Eastern Han Dynasty (25A.D.-220A.D.), further improvements to the "Bronze Yan" led to the modern-day steamer.‎ ‎1.When did the “Ran Lu” become popular? A.In the Zhou Dynasty. B.In the Eastern Han Dynasty. C.In the Warring States Period. D.In the Stone Age. 2.The "Bronze You", unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening to __________. A.place charcoal B.store wine C.pour water D.hold charcoal ashes 3.What is the unique advantage of the "Bronze Yan"? A.It is warm. B.It is convenient. C.It is useful. D.It is environment-friendly.‎ ‎3、An online supermarket company—Ocado in the UK, has recently displayed a robotic hand that can pick fruits and vegetables!‎ When an embryo is in the womb (子宫), the very first sense it develops is ‎ touch. The sense of touch is also the one that lasts the longest—as we get older and our vision and hearing begins to weaken, touch still remains. Humans use their touch to protect themselves, to create emotional relationships with other people and to experience pleasure. Can you imagine life without it?‎ The sense of touch comes from a net work of nerve endings (神经末梢) and special touch receptors on the surface of the skin. While there are different kinds of touch receptors, they help us judge pressure, texture and vibrations (震动). They are located in our fingertips, palms, soles of our feet, face, lips and tongue.‎ When we touch something, the mechano-receptors feel the touch and through a network of nerves send signals to the brain. This informs the brain about the location of the touch, the amount of force used, and the speed at which it was used.‎ Several different techniques have been tried in the past few years to create such a robotic hand—using three fingers. But this latest design by Soma copies the human hand. The gripper (钳子) is made up of flexible materials which grasp the thing based on its size and shape. Then air pressure is used to control the movement of the robotic fingers to pick objects safely and without causing damage.‎ The next step would be for the robot to judge how ripe the fruits and vegetables are, and apply pressure accordingly. Members of the research team are currently working on adding computerized vision to the robots, so that they can see what they are grasping.‎ Does all this mean robots can replace people? According to Ocado, it helps improve productivity by removing some of the repetitive tasks done by humans.‎ ‎1. What is focused on in the second paragraph? ‎ A. The origin of touch.  B. The importance of touch. ‎ C. The development of touch. D. The process of transporting touch.‎ ‎2. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A. The brain. B. The touch. C. The nerve. D. The signal.‎ ‎3. What is the typical feature of the latest robots? ‎ A. They can see what they're taking hold of. B. They can take the place of people in work places.‎ C. They can tell whether the fruits and vegetables are ripe.‎ D. They can hold things firmly according to their outer features.‎ ‎4. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. A Sense of Touch for Robots  B. A Robotic Hand for Classifying Fruits C. A Robotic Hand with a Gentle Touch D. A Robot Made of Flexible Materials ‎4、Most people usually traveled by ship and train which are driven by steam engine. It played an important part in many kinds of vehicles（车辆） several scores of years ago. Who invented steam engine and what units could be used to measure the power of engine?‎ ‎　　The word “horse-power” was first used two hundred years ago. James Watt from a worker’s family made the world first widely used steam engine. At first, he couldn’t tell people how powerful it was, because there were no units at that time. Watt decided to find out how much work one strong horse could do in one minute. He named that unit one horse-power. In this way he could measure the work of his steam engine.‎ ‎　　He discovered that a horse could lift a 3300-pound weight 10 feet into the air in one minute. His engine could lift a 3300-pound weight 100 feet in one minute. Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse, Watt called it a ten horse-power engine.‎ ‎1. The main idea of the passage is ___.‎ A. James Watt invented the steam engine B. James Watt first used horse-power as a unit of measure C. how much power does a horse have D. why Watt‟s engine is called a ten horse-power engine ‎2. The story says that Watt made the first ____.‎ A. engine B. horse-power engine C. useful engine D. widely used steam engine ‎3. James Watt was born in ____.‎ A. a worker’s family B. a farmer’s family C. a teacher’s family D. a doctor’s ‎ family ‎4. One horse-power means the ____.‎ A. work a horse could do in a minute B. weight a horse could do in ten minutes ‎ C. work a horse could do in ten minutes D. weight of one horse ‎5、 In summer, millions of people will head for the beach. And while the ocean can be a great place to swim and play, it may also be useful in another way. Some scientists think that waves could help make electricity.‎ ‎    “Have you ever been on a surfboard or boat and felt yourself being lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped in the water and felt the energy as waves crashed over you?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves.”‎ ‎    Scientists are working on using that energy to make electricity.‎ ‎    Most waves are created when winds blow across the ocean. “The winds start out by making little ripples （波纹） in the water, but if they keep on blowing , those ripples get bigger and bigger and turn into waves, ”Taylor said. “Waves are one of nature’s ways of picking up energy and then sending it off on a journey.”‎ ‎    When waves come towards the shore, people can set up dams or other barricades to block the water and send it through a large wheel called a turbine（涡轮）. The turbine can then power an electrical generator （发电机）.‎ ‎    The United States and a few other countries have started doing research on wave energy ,and it is already being used in Scotland.‎ ‎    The resource is huge. We will never run out of wave power, besides, wave energy does not create the same pollution as other energy sources, such as oil and coal.‎ ‎    Oceans cover three quarters of the earth’s surface. That would make wave power seem perfect for creating energy around the world. There are some drawbacks, however.‎ ‎    Jamie Taylor said that wave power still cost too much money. He said that its effects on animals in the sea were still unknown. Plus, wave power would get in the way of fishing and boat traffic.‎ ‎    With more research, however, “many of these problems might be overcome,” Taylor said. “Demand for energy to power our TVs and computers, drive our cars, and heat and cool our homes is growing quickly throughout the world. Finding more energy sources is very important, for traditional sources of energy like oil and gas may run out some day．”‎ ‎    In the future, when you turn on a light switch, an ocean wave could be providing the electricity!‎ ‎1.Which of the following statements is right according to the passage?‎ A. wave power seems perfect for creating energy around the world ‎ B. wave energy is a resource that will never run out and is used all over the world C. finding more new energy sources is not necessary because of wave energy D. wave power doesn’t create any pollution ‎ ‎2.The underlined word “drawbacks” probably means ______.‎ A. regrets  B. adventures   C.  difficulties  D. disadvantages ‎ ‎3.What can be the best title for the passage? ‎ A. How to Get Electricity by Waves     B. The Advantages of Wave Energy C. Can Waves Make Electricity?          D. The Disadvantages of Wave Energy ‎6、    On a February afternoon in a classroom, Taylor came face to face with a cow-but it was all in her head.A virtual(虚拟的)reality headset had transported her and her classmates to a farm 250 miles away and for them, the technology means field trips are no longer limited by a bus ride.‎ ‎    On any given day, students nationwide walk through fields, dive into deep sea, and observe medical operations by using such headset. It's another way to attract the iPhone generation of students and improve their understanding and their grades.‎ ‎    Richard Lamb is a scientist working at Buffalo Science Lab. In the lab, the physical effects of virtual reality become clear as participants experience motion ‎ (运动) sickness without moving. “Some of the research we’re doing has shown that what you experience in virtual reality has very similar responses that you would get if you were doing the actual activity, ” Lamb said.‎ ‎    It's unknown how many classrooms have or will adopt the technology, but experts say it's still relatively rare. While individual headsets that require a user’s phone can cost as little as $20 or $30, systems and software for classes will cost thousands of dollars. Early complaints about a lack of good software are fading as more companies enter the market, but the rules for use haven't necessarily caught up with the technology.‎ ‎    In New York, virtual lab experiments don’t count toward the state's hands-on lab time requirements. Even so, the sciences are an area where virtual reality holds particular promise for classrooms. “The biggest impediment is going to be the quality of that experience, and that means how closely it mimics (模仿) the physical world, ” said David Evans, a scientist. “ Doing dangerous things and running into a lot more cases represent a huge learning opportunity.”‎ ‎    Lamb agreed. “Too often in schools, when we do things in labs, you mix things together and you get this outcome. And if you don't get that outcome, you did something wrong, but we don't have enough resources for you to redo it,” he said. “In virtual reality, all I do is on the computer. I don’t have to actually use chemicals.”‎ ‎1.What does a virtual reality headset really help the students do? A.Take some exercise. B.Perform an operation. C.Go for a bus ride. D.Have different experiences. 2.The technology is rarely used in classrooms mainly because ________. A.students show little interest in it B.it's too expensive for users to afford it C.supporting software is inaccessible yet D.it's inconvenient to be operated by students 3.Which word can replace the underlined word “impediment” in Paragraph 5? A.Opportunity. B.Difficulty. C.Surprise. ‎ ‎ D.Disappointment. 4.Which of the following statements do both Lamb and Evans agree with? A.This technology can save students a lot of time. B.This technology is safe when used in experiments. C.This technology can enrich students' learning experiences. D.This technology can produce a better result in real life.‎ ‎7、Classifying things is critical for our daily lives. For example, we have to detect spam mail (垃圾邮件), false political news. When we use AI, such tasks are based on “classification technology” in machine learning—having the computer learn, using the boundary separating positive and negative data. For example, “positive” data would be photos including a happy face, and “negative” data photos that include a sad face. Once a classification boundary is learned, the computer can determine whether a certain data is positive or negative.‎ However, the difficulty with this technology is that it requires both positive and negative data for the learning process, and negative data are not available in many cases. For instance, when a retailer (零售商) is trying to predict who will make a purchase, they can easily find data on customers who have purchased from them (positive data), but it is basically impossible to obtain data on customers who have never purchased from them (negative data), since they do not have access to their competitors’ data.‎ According to lead author Takashi Ishida from RIKEN AIP, “Previous classification methods could not cope with the. situation where negative data were not available, but we have made it possible for computers to learn with only positive data, as long as we have a confidence score for our positive data, constructed from information such as buying intention or the active rate of app users. Using our new method, we can let computers learn a classifier only from positive data equipped with confidence.”‎ According to Ishida, “This discovery could expand the range of applications where classification technology can be used. Even in fields where machine learning ‎ has been actively used, our classification technology could be used in new situations where only positive data can be gathered due to data regulation or business constraints (限制). In the near future, we hope to put our technology to use in various research fields, such as natural language processing, computer vision, robotics, and bioinformatics.”‎ ‎1. How can the computer distinguish the positive data from the negative data?‎ A. By learning the classification boundary. B. By updating the data collected regularly.‎ C. By separating happy faces and sad ones. D. By introducing classification technology.‎ ‎2. Why is the example mentioned in Paragraph 2?‎ A. To prove how important the positive data are. B. To confirm that data on customers are complete.‎ C. To argue that retailers get their competitors’ data.‎ D. To explain why negative data are hard to acquire.‎ ‎3. What do the underlined words “new method” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A. Analyzing buying intention. B. Building a confidence score.‎ C. Assessing the active rate of app users. D. Equipping the computer with confidence.‎ ‎4. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. The History of Classification Technology ‎ B. Smarter AI: Machine Leaning without Negative Data C. Bigger Data: Computers Assisting Language Processing D. The Comparison between Positive Data and Negative Data ‎8、We humans are a curious species． As NASA says on its website，"Humans are driven to explore the unknown， discover new worlds， push the boundaries of our scientific and technical limits，and then push further． "‎ And space exploration is where wee been "pushing" our furthest curiosity．‎ The year 2019 began with two pieces of exciting space exploration news． On Jan． 3， China landed a spacecraft，Chang′e 4，on the moon's far side﹣the side we can′t see from Earth﹣for the first time in human history． And according to a report published on Jan． 9 in Nature， scientists from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment （CHIME） detected repeated radio signals from a galaxy 1.5 billion light years away， possibly sent by intelligent aliens．‎ However， what，s even more exciting than the news is the fact that whenever speaking of space exploration， we forget our political and cultural differences﹣the things that so obsess us．‎ ‎"When you go into space， you become part of this overall collective （集体）called ‘humanity， Ken Liu， Chinese﹣American sci﹣fi writer and translator，told Quartz website． "You′re no longer Chinese， American， Russian …Your culture is left behind． You're now just ‘humanity' with a capital ‘H'． "‎ This magic has worked all the way along our journey into space． When US astronaut Neil Armstrong （1930﹣2012）became the first human to set foot on the moon in 1969， for example，he told the world： "That's one small step for man， one giant leap for mankind， "Now， with Chang'e 4 touching down on new moon territory， China′s aim is to help scientists from around the world find out more about Earth's only satellite． And with the discovery of the CHIME astronomers， we ' re one step closer to answering a common question in science： "Are humans alone in the universe？"‎ It's true that we are a curious species． But instead of being curious about the "unknown"， perhaps we're really more eager to "push further" our own human "boundaries" and "limits"．‎ ‎1.Which of the following is the discovery of the CHIME scientists？‎ A．A galaxy with intelligent aliens．B．Repeated radio signals sent by intelligent aliens．‎ C．Repeated radio signals from a distant galaxy．‎ D．Radio signals from a galaxy several years ago．‎ ‎2.Why does the author quote Ken Liu's words ？‎ A．To introduce the famous writer， Ken Liu． ‎ B．To show that in space we are just humanity．‎ C．To emphasize that culture is not important．‎ D．To introduce the things that obsess us very much．‎ ‎3.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 6？‎ A．Further confirm his opinion． B．Add some background information．‎ C．Summarize the previous paragraphs． D．Introduce a new topic for discussion．‎ ‎4.What's the main idea of the text？‎ A．China takes the lead in space exploration．B．Humans are not alone in the universe．‎ C．Space exploration is a common cause of mankind，‎ D．Humans desire to push the boundaries of scientific limits．‎ ‎9、Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg took out full﹣page ads in British and American newspapers on 21 March 2018 to apologize for a "breach of trust" in the Cambridge Analytical scandal， admitting the quiz app built by a university researcher that leaked Facebook data of millions of people in 2014 was a "breach of trust"．‎ Since the scandal of Big Data broke， the public has become more aware and concerned about that their online behavior may be used for purposes to which they have not agreed． It contributes to the urgent need for better protection of personal information．‎ In China， apps enabling users to steal private information from Wi﹣Fi providers are generating serious privacy concerns．‎ An app can break home Wi﹣Fi， cryptographic Wi﹣Fi at commercial locations and even the Wi﹣Fi being used in China's foreign ministry building， according to a CCTV report． With the help of the app， the CCTV reporter entered the ministry's network．‎ Almost 100，000 Chinese users ranked Wi﹣Fi Master Key app 4.5 out of 5 at the Apple store for convenience． But the app secretly stores Wi﹣Fi information and serves like a mobile spy between users， a show reported． It lets users access everything that links with the Wi﹣Fi such as a provider，Wechat contact information and phone numbers．‎ At the China Development Forum， Li Yanhong， CEO of domestic Internet services giant Baidu Inc．，said that many Chinese users are willing to trade privacy for convenience． Li′s remarks aroused heated debates on social networks， as there is too much convenience and too little privacy．‎ It's an age of Big Data． It′s an age when privacy is under threat． The users are in an inferior position compared with the companies， but the law should not allow an unlimited trade of privacy for convenience． A simple click on "I agree，' should not be considered an excuse for the service providers to collect， use， and store users' data， which must be better protected by the law．‎ ‎1.What do the underlined words "breach of trust" in paragraph 1 probably mean？‎ A． Risk of trustB． Report of trust．C． Research of trust．D． Betrayal of trust．‎ ‎2.Why do many Chinese users support the Wi﹣Fi Master Key app？‎ A．It is convenient to use．B．It can be used to protect privacy，‎ C．It can steal everything from others．D．It is generating serious privacy concerns．‎ ‎3.What is the author's attitude towards privacy protection？‎ A． Neutral．B． Critical．C． Indifferent．D． Approving．‎ ‎4.What can be a suitable title for the text？‎ A． The Future of Big Data B．The Dark Side of Big Data C．The Convenience of Big Data D．The Pros and Cons of Big Data ‎10、    Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. “Social robots are about to bring technology ‎ to the everyday world in a more humanized way,” said Cynthia Breazeal,chief scientist at the Jibo Robot Company.‎ ‎    While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy and sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.‎ ‎    The Jibo robot,arranged to ship later this year,is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn’t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine, and taking family photos.‎ ‎    Social robots not only can find their way home, but also have potential applications in everything from education to health care and have already found their way into some of these spaces.‎ ‎    Fellow Robots is a company bringing social robots to the market. The company’s Oshbot robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help customers find items and help guide them to the product's location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.‎ ‎    The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But robot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us,but with us,” said Breazeal.‎ ‎1.Which of the following is the typical character of social robots? A.They are more like human beings. B.They can control their emotions. C.They do the normal housework. D.They respond to users more slowly. 2.What can we know about a Jibo ‎ robot? A.It communicates with you and performs operations. B.It obeys your orders and reminds you to take pills. C.It answers your questions and makes requests. D.It takes your family pictures and delivers milk. 3.What is the passage mainly about? A.A new design idea of household robots. B.An introduction to social robots. C.Information on household robots. D.Marketing strategies for social robots.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.D 解析： 1.细节理解题。根据小标题Education后的Advancements in natural language processing... have also enabled automatic grading of assignment.可知,自然语言处理的进步与机器学习结合在一起,也能保证作业的自动评分。B选项AI has been used to grade students' homework.表示人工.智能已经被用于给学生的作业评分。故选B。干扰项分析,A项中的widely 错误,与原文中的have not become widespread yet矛盾。C项指AI使更多的学生在学校获得教育,文中没有提及。D项指教育是第一个使用AI的领域,文中没有提及。 2.推理判断题。根据小标题Finance后的Also, systems are being developed, like Alria, to translate complex data into simplelanguage, 可知Atria系统能够将复杂的数据转化为简单的语言,所以可推知Atria能够帮助人们理解复杂的数据。故选 A。干扰项分析,B项中的Wallel AI的作用是监控人们的消费习惯和提供改善消费习惯的方法而不姑帮人们赚更多的钱。C项指的是机器人经常被给予对人类来说毫无用处的工作,这与原文Robots have... jobs that are considered dangerous to humans 不一致。D项与原文的Robots have ... due to failure in concentration ‎ 的信息不符。 3.推理判断题。根据最后—段中的Al has also been applied to video games... when humans aren’t available. 可知 video game bots被设计出来是为了当人类玩家没空时,video game bots 以充当对手。故选D。干扰项分析,A项中的needn’t错误。 B 项中 ensures 错误。C 项中 improve kids’ intelligence 错误。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.D 解析： 1.细节理解题。根据 “ ‘ Ran Lu’,an ancient small hotpot”部分中的 “this vessel became popular in the Warring StalesPeriod (475 B. C.-221B. C.) ”可知这种器皿在战国时期开始流行,故C项符合题意。 2.细节理解题根掘“ ‘ Bronze You’,an ancient kettle”部分中的“For example, the ‘Bronze You' with…where charcoal could be placed.” 可知选A。干扰项分析,D项指盛放炭灰, 应该是a bolttun tray的作用,B项指储存葡萄酒,C项指洒水, 这些都不是开口的作用。 3.推埋判断题。根据最后一段“Although the ‘Wen Ding’ was effective in keeping food warm... led to the modern-day steamer. ”可推知,“ Wen Ding ”的缺点是燃烧产生污染, “Bronze Yan”是对“Wen Ding”的改进,故其优势该是有环保作用,故选D。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.B; 3.D; 4.C 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.A; 4.A 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.C 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.B; 4.C 解析：1. 细节理解题。从第一段的A virtual reality headset ... limited by a bus ride和第二段的内容可知,学生们不需要到实地去考察,虚拟现实技术便可以让他们有不同的体验。 2.细节理解题。从第四段的It’s unknown how many classrooms ... systems and software for classes will cost thousands of dollars可知,虚拟现实技术设备较贵,从而影响了这种技术的普及。 3.词义猜测题。根据上文的In New York, virtual lab experiments … holds particular promise for classrooms.及下文的and that’s how closely it mimics the physical world可知,该词意为“阻碍,阻碍物”。 4. 推理判断题。从第五段的Doing dangerous things and running into a lot more cases represent a huge learning opportunity可知,David Evans认为虚拟现实对学生有益;从第六段的内容可知,Lamb认为虚拟现实技术能够节省资源,使学生重新试验。因此可推知:他们都认为虚拟现实技术可丰富学生的学习经历。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.B; 4.B 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.A; 4.C 解析：‎ ‎1.细节理解题.根据文章第三段 scientists from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) detected repeated radio signals from a galaxy 1.5 billion light years away, possibly sent by intelligent aliens.可知来自加拿大氢强度测绘实验(CHIME)的科学家检测到来自15亿光年外星系的重复无线电信号,可能是由智能外星人发出的.由此可见,来自遥远星系的重复无线电信号.故选C. 2..推理判断题.根据文章第五段 "When you go into space, you become part of t his overall collective (集体)called ‘humanity, Ken Liu, Chinese﹣American sci﹣fi writer and translator,told Quartz website. "You′re no longer Chinese, American, Russian …Your culture is left behind. You're now just ‘humanity' with a capital ‘H'. "可知华裔美国科幻作家兼翻译家刘肯(Ken Liu)在Quartz网站上说:"当你进入太空时,你会成为这个被称为‘人性'的整体集体的一部分.你不再是中国人、美国人、俄罗斯人……你的文化被抛在了脑后.你现在只是‘人性'的一个大写字母‘H'."由此可见,为了证明在太空中我们只是人类.故选B. 3.推理判断题.根据文章第六段And with the discovery of the CHIME astronomers, we ' re one step closer to answering a common question in science: "Are humans alone in the universe?"可知随着编钟天文学家的发现,我们离回答科学中的一个常见问题又近了一步:"宇宙中只有人类吗?"进一步证实他的观点.故选A. 4.主旨大意题.根据这篇文章大意可知,本文主要讲述太空探索是人类共同的事业,这里没有政治、国家的边界,只有人类这一概念.故选C. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎9、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1-4DADB 解析：‎ ‎1.词义猜测题.根据第一段Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg took out full﹣page ads in British and American newspapers on 21 March 2018 to apologize for a "breach of trust" in the Cambridge Analytical scandal, acebook创始人马克扎克伯格于2018年3月21日在英国和美国报纸上刊登了整版广告,为剑桥分析丑闻中的"泄密行为"道歉.可知划线部分是对信任的背叛,故选D. 2.细节理解题.根据第五段Almost 100,000 Chinese users ranked Wi﹣Fi Master Key app 4.5 out of 5 at the Apple store for convenience为了方便起见,近10万中国用户将wi﹣fi主密钥应用程序排名为4.5,可知原因是这软件方便使用,故选A. 3.作者态度题.根据最后一段 A simple click on "I agree,' should not be considered an excuse for the service providers to collect, use, and store users' data, which must be better protected by the ‎ law.我同意,'不应被视为服务提供者收集、使用和储存用户数据的借口,这些数据必须受到法律的更好保护.可知作者态度是支持的,故选D. 4.文章标题.文主要讲述了美国脸书社交网站个人信息泄露丑闻事件发生后引发人们对个人隐私信息保护的思考和呼吁,这是一个大数据时代,这是一个隐私受到威胁的时代,可知是指大数据后的阴暗,故选B ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎10、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.B 解析：1.理解具体信息。由第二段…social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. 可知,社交机器人将更像伙伴,而不仅仅是工具。A项符合文意。 2.理解具体信息。根据第三段…make requests for it to perform different tasks.及…reminding an elderly family member to take medicine, and taking family photos.可知,这款机器人能够按照指令做事并能提醒老年人服药,应选B项。 3.理解主旨要义。文章主要介绍了社交机器人更加人性化的特点及其所发挥的作用,B项与文意相符。A、D项偏离主题,C项为文中的一部分内容。‎ ‎ ‎