高中英语Unit 5 难点热点详解一点通 人教版必修5

高中英语Unit 5 难点热点详解一点通 人教版必修5

First aid 重点、难点及考点解析 一、重点单词 ‎1. treatment  ‎ ‎①不可数名词 “ 对待, 待遇,处理; 治疗 The workers received good treatment from the government.工人们受到政府优厚的待遇.‎ ‎   ②可数名词  “ 疗法”‎ They are trying a new treatment for cancer.‎ 知识拓展 be under treatment             在治疗中 be under one’s treatment        接受某人的治疗 for treatment                  进行治疗 treatment for + 疾病的名词     治…病的方法 ‎2. sense sense of touch  触觉                 sense of sight 视觉 sense of hearing 听觉              sense of taste 味觉 sense of smell  嗅觉                 sense of humor 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感               sense of direction 方向感 ‎ sense of honor 荣誉感             sense of values 价值观 sense of justice 正义感            sense of hunger 饥饿感 sense of responsibility 责任感    ‎ the sixth sense 第六感      make sense 有道理;讲得通 ‎3. present  n.礼物 ,目前 adj.在场，出席，当前的 v.颁发，授予，赠给 present sth. to sb.        授予/赠给某人某物 present sb. with sth     授予/赠给某人某物 at present             目前;现在 for the present          暂时;暂且 be present at            出席;到场 ‎4. dress  v.敷裹，包扎 E.g. Immediately after his wound was dressed, he went to work. ‎ 知识拓展 dress sb. /oneself     给…穿衣服 ‎ be dressed in           穿着….. (颜色)‎ dress up (as)            盛装打扮 ( 成….. )‎ ‎1. Tom had to return to the camp to_____ his injuries.‎ ‎2. _______white/a white coat, Mary went to the party.‎ ‎3. We _________to take part in the party.‎ Key: 1 dress   2. Dressed in    3. dressed up ‎5. swell   v. 膨胀，隆起 Her leg has swollen badly. 她的腿肿得很厉害。‎ The wind swelled the sails. 风鼓起了帆。‎ 二、重点短语 ‎1、first aid “急救”‎ 知识拓展 give/offer aid 援助                      come to sb.'s aid 帮助某人 cut off aid （突然）终止援助        a hearing aid 助听器 teaching aids 教具                        medical aid 医疗救护 with the aid of 借助于 ‎ ‎2、get injured 受伤 ‎ get done结构相当于be done强调状态。‎ The computer got (was) damaged when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候，电脑碰坏了。‎ My bike is getting (is being) repaired now. 我的自行车正在修理。‎ My glasses got broken while I was playing basket-ball. 我的眼镜在打篮球时给弄坏了。‎ ‎—Where have you been these days？‎ ‎—My leg____in an accident, and I just return home from hospital.‎ A gets injured        B is injured C got injured        D injured Key: C ‎3、protect sb./sth. against/from sth. 保护…..免受…..‎ He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight. ‎ 他带着太阳镜以挡强烈的阳光。‎ 知识拓展 keep... from doing 阻止….做某事 prevent/stop... (from) doing 妨碍/阻止…做某事   ‎ 在be prevented/stopped from doing 结构中,介词from 能省略吗?‎ 不能 如:We are prevented/stopped from going there.‎ ‎4、depend on/upon依靠,依赖,相信，取决于 depend on/upon +wh-从句   视….而定,取决于 ‎ ‎ depend on/upon+sb.+to do 指望某人做……‎ depend on/upon +it +that…. 指望…..‎ That (all) depends. / It all depends. (口语)视情况而定，单独使用或置于句首。‎ Translate the following sentences into English.‎ ‎① 你不能永远依赖你的父母 ‎② 你不能指望他能按时来。‎ ‎③ 你可相信他会来。‎ ‎④ 我能帮你，但那要看情况而定。‎ ‎⑤ 这要取决于你是否到这儿。‎ Key: ① You can’t depend on your parents forever.‎ ‎②You can’t depend on him to come on time.‎ ‎③ You may depend on it that he will come.‎ ‎④ I may help you. But that/ it depends.‎ ‎⑤ It depends on /upon whether you come here or not.‎ ‎5、squeeze out    榨出,挤出 They have been squeezed out of the job market by young people.‎ 他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。‎ 知识拓展 squeeze money from sb     向某人勒索钱财 squeeze money out of sb ;,  向某人勒索钱财 ‎ The young man often squeezes money from/out of the pupil.‎ 那个年轻人经常向那个小学生勒索钱财。‎ ‎6、over and over again over and over again = again and again, 一再,再三,许多次 I’ve told you over and over again not to do that.我再三告诫你不要那样做。‎ ‎7、in place 放在适当的地方 You’d better put things back in place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things. ‎ 你最好把你的东西各就各位，不然很难找。‎ 知识拓展 in place     在适当的位置,适当 out of place  不在适当的位置，不适当 in place of   代替 take the place of   代替 ‎8、put one’s hand(s) on 常用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中，意为“找到，得到”。‎ eg, I’m afraid I can’t put my hand(s) on the book you want.‎ 恐怕我一时找不到你想要的那本书。‎ ‎9、make a (some/no/any/not much/a great deal of) difference 有(一些/没有/任何/不太大的/很大的) 差别 tell the difference between 辨别两者的差别 It makes no difference/doesn‘t make any difference to me whether you come here or not. ‎ 对我来说,你来不来都无所谓。‎ 三、重点句型 ‎1. Take clothing off the burned area unless it is stuck to the burn.‎ unless 作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，作“除非…..否则”讲，相当于if…not 。‎ 注意①在unless引导的从句里，谓语用一般现在时，不用一般将来时。‎ ‎②在引导的从句里，当主语与从句主语是同一人或物，且有系动词时，从句主语与系动词可省略。‎ E.g. I will not attend the meeting unless (I am) invited.‎ I won’t call you, ________ something unexpected happens. ‎ A. unless   B. whether   C. because     D. while Key: A ‎2. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.‎ 此句型中when作并列连词相当于and then意为”正当……时突然”,常用于以下句型：‎ 知识拓展 be doing …when…               正在做……突然 be about to do …when…          即将做……突然 be on the point to do…when…正要去做…..突然 has/have/had done…when… 刚刚……这时 (突然)‎ ‎3. There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills that he learned at school ‎ saved Ms Slade's life.‎ doubt 名词，意思是“怀疑”、“疑惑”、“疑问”。如：‎ I have no doubt at all who did it.‎ 知识拓展:‎ There is no doubt that…/about sth. 毫无疑问……(肯定句)主语+doubt whether/ is…（否定句）主语+not doubt that 从句 I don’t doubt that his words are true.‎ There is some doubt whether John will come.‎ ‎4. It was John’s quick action and knowledge of the first aid that saved her life.‎ 本句为强调句型结构,符合It is/was…that... 结构。‎ 强调句型It is/was…that/who 的用法归纳如下：‎ 强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。 强调句型应避免使用when, where, which 等连词。      ‎ 含一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句句型:‎ ‎①含一般疑问句的强调句型，其结构为：Is it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分？‎ ‎②特殊疑问句的强调句型结构形式为：特殊疑问词+is/was it that/who+句子的其余部分？‎ 四、疑难辨析 ‎ ‎1、wound, injure, harm 与 hurt:‎ wound  一般指外伤，如枪伤，刀伤等，尤指在战场上受伤；也可指在感情上荣誉方面的创伤。‎ injure  常指因意外或事故而造成的损伤，还可表示在感情上，荣誉上的伤害，可用于人或物。‎ harm  指损害有生命的或无生命的东西；也可指肉体上或精神上的损害。‎ hurt   指任何肉体或精神上的伤害。尤其指打伤，刺伤；还可表示“疼痛”。‎ ‎2、damage, destroy 和ruin damage “损坏”, 意味着损坏后的价值或效率降低,一般是部分性的。‎ destroy 指十分彻底地“ 破坏”， 含有不能或很难修复的意思。‎ ruin    指某物被损害到不能再修复，不能再使用的程度。‎ ‎ ‎ 单元检测 一、单项填空 ‎ ‎1. Bad programmes on TV may have ______ on children.‎ ‎   A.affect    B.effect    C.power    D.control ‎2. The heavy rain ______ us starting out on time.‎ ‎   A. kept     B. prevented    C. protected    D. was stopped ‎3. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes ______.‎ ‎   A. open    B. to be opened    C. to open    D. opening ‎4. I can hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.‎ ‎   A. sail    B. sailing    C. to sail    D. to have sailed ‎ ‎5. It's dangerous for young children to ______ pools, rivers and lakes ______.‎ ‎   A. go closed to; themselves         B. go closely to; by themselves ‎   C. get closely to; by themselves    D. get close to; by themselves ‎6. No matter what you say, I shall ______ my plan.‎ ‎   A. carry on    B. keep up    C. insist on    D. stick to ‎7. For miles around me there was nothing but a desert, without a single plant or tree ______. ‎ ‎   A. in sight    B. on earth    C. at a distance    D. in place ‎8. The report about the ______ surprised all the ______.‎ ‎   A. present situation; people present B. present situation; present people ‎   C. situation present; people who present D. situation present; presented people ‎9. “Put on more clothes to ______ yourself ______ the cold;” mother said to Tom.‎ ‎   A. prevent; from    B. keep; from    C. protect; of    D. protect; from ‎10. ______ in the traffic accident ______ taken to the hospital.‎ ‎   A. An injures; was    B. The injured; was    ‎ C. The injuring; were    D. The injured; have been ‎11. As a rule here, no one ______ to enter the lab, ______ he is asked to.‎ ‎   A. allows; if                     B. are not allowed; unless ‎ ‎   C. are allowed not to; after      D. is allowed to; unless ‎12. He insisted on ______ his promise whatever people said.‎ ‎   A. carrying out    B. carrying at    C. carrying through    D. carry away ‎13. There is no doubt ______ man will conquer nature some day. ‎ ‎   A. whether    B. why    C. which    D. that ‎14. How many ______ will you ______ in this sports meeting.‎ ‎   A. incidents; join            B. events; attend ‎ ‎   C. accidents; take part in    D. games; enter ‎15. It is the ability to do the job ______ matters, not where you come from or what you are. ‎ ‎   A. one       B. that       C. what       D. it ‎ 二、完形填空 ‎ When I was 16 years old, I made my first visit to the Unite State. It was not the fist time I had been   16  . Like most English children, I learn French   17   school and I had been to France, soI   18   speaking a foreign language to people who did not understand   19  . But when I went to American I was looking forward to   20   a nice easy holiday without any   21   problems.‎ ‎  22   wrong I was! The understanding began at the airport. I was looking for a   23   telephone to give my American friend Danny a   24   and tell her that I had arrived. A friendly old man saw me looking lost and asked   25   he could help me?‎ ‎“Yes,” I said. “I want to give my friend a ring.”‎ ‎“Well, that is   26  ,” he exclaimed. “Are you getting   27  ? But aren't you a bit   28  ?”‎ ‎“Who is talking about marriage?” I replied. “I   29   want to give my friend a ring to tell her I've arrived. Can you tell me   30   there's a phone box?”‎ ‎“Oh,” he said, “there's a phone downstairs.”‎ When at last we   31   meet up, Danny explained the misunderstandings to me. “Don't worry,” she said to me, “I had so many   32   at first. There are lots of words which the Americans   33   differently in meaning from us Britain. You'll soon get used to   34   funny things they say. Most of the   35   British and American people understand each other.‎ ‎16. A. out       B. away      C. outside      D. abroad ‎17. A. from      B. during    C. at           D. after ‎18. A. get used to     B. was used to      C. used to     D. used ‎19. A. English   B. French    C. Russian      D. Latin ‎20. A. buying    B. having    C. giving       D. receiving ‎21. A. time      B. human     C. language     D. money ‎22. A. Too       B. What a    C. What         D. How ‎23. A. cheap     B. popular   C. public       D. good ‎24. A. letter    B. ring      C. news         D. good ‎25. A that       B. if        C. where        D. when ‎26. A. well      B. over      C. nice         D. ring ‎27. A. to marry     B. to be married     C. marrying     D. married ‎28. A. small     B. little        C. old      D. young ‎ ‎29. A. very      B. just          C. just now     D. so ‎30. A. where     B. in which      C. over there   D. that ‎31. A. did       B. do            C. could do     D. had ‎32. A. trouble   B. difficulties    C. things      D. fun ‎33. A. write     B. speak           C. use         D. read ‎34. A. every      B. these           C. some        D. all the ‎35. A. chance    B. situation      C. condition    D. time 三、单词拼写 ‎36. The common interests u_________________the two countries.‎ ‎37. The class ___________________of (组成)56 members.‎ ‎38. Our class is d_______________into two groups during the discussion.‎ ‎39. What he said in the meeting p______________________all of us.‎ ‎40. The bad ______________(影响)of the flood is that no people are deard to swim in that river.‎ ‎41. The c_______________of transportation in this area brings hope to this mountain village.‎ ‎42. Her beautiful singing drew the a_____________of the professor.‎ ‎43. The film"Hero"has much a________________for the youth.‎ ‎44. The habit of c____________________stamps benifit him a lot.‎ ‎45. The_________________(工业) area of this area made more pollution to the air compared ‎ withagricultural area.‎ ‎46. If something is done for your c______, it is done in a way that is suitable or useful for you.‎ ‎47. An a_____________is something that people can go for interest or enjoyment, for example a ‎ famous building.‎ ‎48. A p___________is a question, game or toy which you have to think about carefully in order ‎ to answer it correctly.‎ ‎49. U_______is a particular type of clothing worn by all the members of a group or organization ‎ such as the police, the army, etc.‎ ‎50. Most advertisements work through________________(暗示)‎ 四、短文改错 On one summer night, Henry was sleeping in his room          51._______‎ when suddenly he woke up and sensed that something                52._______‎ unusual. He looked out of the window and finding a                 53.________‎ store nearby on the street was in fire. He immeditately                54._______‎ shouts at the top of his voice “Fire! Fire!Help!” He                  55. _______‎ phoned 119 at once and then went out to put out fire.                 56. _______‎ but it was very big a fire that he couldn’t put it out                   57. _______‎ by himeself. Lucky enough, a lot of neighbours came out             58. _______‎ and soon firefighters arrived. The fire was finally put out             59. _______‎ and when the firefighters praise Henry his quick ation, 60. _______‎ he smiled, feeling very pleased . .‎ 五、书面表达 人们对于学生网上交友持不同意见。请你用英语写一篇关于学生网上交友的短文，介绍他们的观点,并表明自己的看法. ‎ 赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法 ‎1．广交朋友 ‎2．可自由表达思想 ‎3．利于外语学习 ‎1．浪费时间 ‎2．影响学习 ‎3．可能上当受骗 ‎？‎ 答案 First aid ‎1-5 BBABD 6-10 DAADD 11-15 DADDB 16-20 DCBAB ‎21-25.CDCBB 26-30.CDDBA 31-35.ABCDD ‎36.united  37. consists  38. divided  39. puzzled  40. influence ‎ ‎41. convenience 42. attention  43. attraction  44. collecting  45. industrial ‎ ‎46. convenience 47. attraction  48. puzzle  49. uniform  50. suggestion ‎ ‎51．去掉on。在某一个夏日的夜晚表达为 one summer night，前不用介词。‎ ‎52．去掉that. that 后加一个句子。‎ ‎53．finding改为found。因为与looked 并列。‎ ‎54．in改为 on. be on fire 意思是“在着火”‎ ‎55．shouts 改为 shouted。时态一致。‎ ‎56．fire前加 the. 特指上文出现的火灾。‎ ‎57．very 改为 so    意为“如此---以至于---”‎ ‎58．lucky改为luckily   作状语，用副词形式 ‎59．正确 ‎60．his后加for  praise sb. for意为因为某事表扬某人