【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十八（20页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十八（20页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十八 ‎[一]‎ A man had a dream in which he was told where he could find fantastic wealth in a remote place. When he awoke，he immediately set off to find it. After a long journey full of danger and hardship，he arrived at the place in his dream. A local man who had heard about the dreamer’s purpose laughed loud and long，saying that he had dreamed three times about a house where great treasure was buried under a fountain. It made the dreamer realize that the place the local was describing was his very own yard. He returned home and found the treasure.‎ Like the man in this tale，the Chinese movie industry has been on a long journey to find its place in the world. In 1994，The Fugitive became the first major Hollywood film to be shown in the country in decades. Audiences were attracted by the movie’s fast pace and sound effects，and it proved to be a great success. Since then，the Chinese film industry has balanced a complex(复杂的) relationship with Hollywood.‎ Although there has been a sharp slowdown in China’s boxoffice numbers—movieticket revenue rose just 3.7 percent in 2017 after growing by an average of 35 percent per year from 2011 to 2016—the country still has a huge movie market，with theaters continuing to expand into more rural areas and audiences proving that they have a strong desire for Hollywood action films. So much so that recently，Hollywood has even started to make movies with China in mind，casting Chinese movie stars with great boxoffice power and changing the plots of films to win over Chinese moviegoers.‎ Many in China’s film industry，from young scriptwriters(编剧) to senior critics，know Hollywood’s dramatic structure all too well and support its styles. And many American offerings introduced in the Chinese market，regardless of quality，continue to do well among Chinese audiences，especially with young people，whose tastes and viewing habits have been shaped by Hollywood movies and TV shows. Like audiences in other developing countries，those in China tend to have a worldview filtered(过滤) by and focused on the United States，even though the United States doesn’t mean the whole world and Hollywood isn’t the world’s only movie industry.‎ Like an ocean that refuses no rivers，China’s movie industry will continue to influence and allow itself to be influenced by its international counterparts(对应的人或物)．China needs the United States，and the United States needs China. But at the moment，a large difference exists in that very few Chinese movies are able to enter the American market and attract a significant audience. Chinese audiences provide Hollywood with huge profits，but what does China’s film industry gain in return?‎ 语篇解读　本文主要论述了中国电影业面临的现状。中国庞大的电影市场，中国观众对好 莱坞动作片有强烈的欲望，尤其是盲目地欣赏美国电影。这种情况让好莱坞获取了高额利润，但中国电影却很少能进入美国。说明了中国电影业还有很长的一段路要走。‎ ‎25．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1?‎ A．To inform us of the importance of having a dream.‎ B．To show the great influence of hardships in finding treasure.‎ C．To tell us an interesting story about finding treasure at home.‎ D．To make us better understand the long journey China’s movie industry has experienced.‎ 答案D 解析推理判断题。第一段中讲述了一个男子做了一个梦，说遥远的地方能找到一笔巨大的财富，到那儿之后这个男子根据一个当地人的描述才知道财富就在自己家。这个男子便返回自己家并找到了那笔财富。结合下文可知，中国电影业就像这个故事中的人物一样也要经历类似这样的一个漫长的过程。分析选项可知D项符合题意。‎ ‎26．Why has Hollywood started to make movies with China in mind?‎ A．Chinese movie stars are good at acting.‎ B．China has a huge potential in expanding movie markets.‎ C．Chinese movie’s fast pace and sound effects attract Hollywood.‎ D．There has been a dramatic increase in China’s boxoffice numbers.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的内容可知，尽管中国电影票房收入增长缓慢，但庞大的电影市场，影院继续扩大到更多的农村地区。观众对好莱坞动作片有强烈的欲望，这使得好莱坞看到了中国电影市场的巨大潜力。故选B项。‎ ‎27．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?‎ A．China’s film industry benefits a lot from Hollywood.‎ B．Many Chinese movies have entered the world market.‎ C．Many Chinese audiences appreciate American movies blindly.‎ D．Chinese audiences tend to have an objective worldview towards American films.‎ 答案C 解析推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知，在中国市场推出的许多美国产品，无论质量如何，在中国观众中都受到欢迎，尤其是年轻人，他们的品味和欣赏习惯已经被好莱坞电影和电视节目所影响。故可推断出中国的许多观众盲目地欣赏美国电影。故选C项。‎ ‎28．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards China’s film industry?‎ A．Pitiful. B．Hopeless.‎ C．Concerned. D．Scared.‎ 答案C解析观点态度题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，目前，中国电影很少能进入美国市场，吸引大量观众。中国观众为好莱坞电影提供了巨额利润，但中国的电影产业又获得了什么回报呢？分析句意可知作者对中国电影业非常担忧。故选C项。‎ ‎[二]‎ J．K. Rowling is the writer of Harry Potter，which is now one of the bestsellers in the world.‎ J．K. Rowling was born in Bristol on July 31st, 1965. She has one sister who is two years younger than her. Both girls loved listening to their father reading bedtime stories to them. They especially loved stories about magical worlds. Rowling wrote her first story，called Rabbit，at the age of six.‎ After she graduated from the university，Rowling worked as a translator in London. During this time，on a long train trip in the summer of 1990，the idea came to her of a boy who has magic but doesn’t know it.In 1992，Rowling began to teach English. She lived with her baby daughter，Jessica，and spent much time finishing the first Harry Potter book for young readers. It appeared in June 1997.To her surprise，the book was greatly successful. The film came out in November 2001.Now Harry Potter series(系列) is popular with people of all ages and about 60 million books were sold in 200 countries.‎ Why has the series been so successful? There are a few things. Many other magical stories take place in faraway lands or in past or future times. But Harry lives in modern England. He’s also a very normal boy: polite，friendly，brave and clever. So when other children read about Harry，they can imagine being like him.‎ J．K. Rowling is very happy with the success，and she is now busy finishing the whole series of seven books. She’s writing full time and she’s really enjoying life. She says she will go on living a normal life with her daughter and writing children’s books.‎ 语篇解读　本文属于人物传记。介绍了目前全世界最畅销的书之一《哈利·波特》的作者J.K.罗琳。‎ ‎21．From the passage，we know .‎ A．J.K. Rowling met a boy named Harry on a long train trip B．J.K. Rowling loved listening to stories when she was very young C．J.K. Rowling is two years younger than her sister D．Harry Potter is J．K. Rowling’s first story 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Both girls loved listening to their father reading bedtime stories to them.”可知，两个女孩都喜欢她们的父亲读睡前故事给她们听，所以J.K.罗琳小时候喜欢听故事。故选B。‎ ‎22．The first Harry Potter book came out in .‎ A．July 1965 B．the summer of 1990‎ C．June 1997 D．November 2001‎ 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She lived with her baby daughter，Jessica，and spent much time finishing the first Harry Potter book for young readers. It appeared in June 1997.”可知选C。‎ ‎23．J.K. Rowling has been successful，and she .‎ A．likes to travel all over the world with her daughter B．is too busy to enjoy her life C．is excited about her success every day D．is still writing stories for children 答案D 解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句及上文的描述可知，她还将继续写儿童读物。故选D。‎ ‎24．How is Harry Potter series different from other magical stories?‎ A．There are magical things.‎ B．The stories happened in the modern world.‎ C．It has seven books.‎ D．It took much time to finish.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Many other magical stories take place in faraway lands or in past or future times. But Harry lives in modern England.”可知，其他的魔法故事大多发生在遥远的地方或者很久以前或者很久以后，而Harry生活在现代英国。故B项正确。‎ ‎[三]‎ Have you ever felt like a fool for having said too much? Anita Chow had one of those moments.‎ A few weeks ago，she applied for a job in a company. Chow said she is usually quiet，but during the interview she tried hard to act against her nature. She smiled a lot and talked in a lively manner. When asked why she wanted to work in the company，she said the job would enable her to meet a lot of interesting people. Then she added jokingly，“Who knows？I might even meet my future husband.”‎ Chow wanted to beat herself up the moment she stepped out of the interview room. “It came out so wrong，” she says. “Now the interviewers will think of me as one of those women who don’t have any career ambition and just want to get married and settle down.”‎ Saying too much or oversharing happens to every one of us. In the time of social media，sharing every detail of your life is almost expected and encouraged. But it isn’t all social media’s fault. “Experts say oversharing often happens when we are trying subconsciously to control our anxiety，” according to a Wall Street Journal column. Chow’s story is a typical ‎ case of “selfadjustment” aimed at fighting her own anxiety. It happens like this：When having a conversation，we want to sound amusing and interesting. So we use a lot of mental energy trying to manage the other person’s impression of us. The effort required to do this leaves less brainpower to think over what we say and to whom，says The Wall Street Journal.‎ This explains why we sometimes suddenly say embarrassing things to people we want to impress most，whether it’s a first date，the boss or our future inlaws.It leads to embarrassing situations and is the perfect material for comedy movies.‎ So how do you stop yourself from saying too much？Simple：stop and think before you open your mouth.‎ ‎25．In the interview，Chow showed her .‎ A．lively manner B．career aim C．unusual ability D．rich experience 答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She smiled a lot and talked in a lively manner.”可知面试过程中，Chow用了一种生动的方式展现自己。故选A。‎ ‎26．From Paragraph 3，we can know that Chow .‎ A．gave the wrong answer B．regretted her performance C．wanted to get married D．hoped to settle down 答案B解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘It came out so wrong，’ she says.‘Now the interviewers will think of me as one of those women who don’t have any career ambition and just want to get married and settle down.’”可知Chow对自己的表现感到很后悔。故选B。‎ ‎27．Experts say Chow’s overtalking was actually to .‎ A．show off her knowledge B．prevent herself from being anxious C．create a pleasant atmosphere D．follow her nature as it is 答案B解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘Experts say oversharing often happens when we are trying subconsciously to control our anxiety，’．..Chow’s story is a typical case of ‘selfadjustment’ aimed at fighting her own anxiety.”可知Chow的多言是为了阻止她内心的忧虑。故选B。‎ ‎28．The embarrassing situations in the conversation are caused by lack of .‎ A．consideration B．determination C．interest D．motivation 答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When having a conversation，we want to sound ‎ amusing and interesting. So we use a lot of mental energy trying to manage the other person’s impression of us. The effort required to do this leaves less brainpower to think over what we say and to whom...”可知人们在谈话时为了给别人留下印象，总会努力地说些有趣的事情，导致对所说的话缺乏思考，故选A。‎ ‎[四]‎ Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people don't even notice that they're doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.‎ A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason for this is that the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart and that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You won't feel any immediate effects, but repeated, drawnout increases in blood pressure can cause longterm health issues. So, plan to sit for a long period of time? Don't keep your legs crossed.‎ Crossing your legs at the knee can also cause pressure on the major nerve in your leg that passes just below your knee and along the outside of your leg, explains Richard Graves, a medical expert. This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis (麻痹) of some of the muscles in your foot and leg, preventing you from being able to raise your ankle — what we know as that “pins_and_needles” sensation. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until you feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.‎ So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。‎ ‎5．What can we learn about crossing one's legs?‎ A．It is a very bad social habit.‎ B．It is usually practiced deliberately.‎ C．It can do harm to people's health.‎ D．It can make others feel uncomfortable.‎ 解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.”‎ 可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．According to the study, sitting with your legs crossed can ________.‎ A．affect your blood pressure B．resist gravity effectively C．lead to heart attacks easily D．improve the function of legs 解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure.”可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。‎ ‎7．In the third paragraph “pins and needles” probably means “________”．‎ A．slightly sharp pains B．being a little nervous C．serious muscle injuries D．being highly flexible 解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第三段的“This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis (麻痹) of some of the muscles in your foot and leg, preventing you from being able to raise your ankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。‎ ‎8．What is the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To compare common habits.‎ B．To give readers some advice.‎ C．To evaluate effects of an experiment.‎ D．To introduce research methods.‎ 解析：选B写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项正确。‎ ‎[五]‎ People love cellphones, which is why nine in ten Americans own one. But does heavy use of cellphones pose a risk of cancer? This question has caused controversy for many years. A new study in rats now augments those concerns. Its data linked longterm, intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain. The results have yet to be confirmed, the authors note.‎ Indeed, although the rat study found a link between cellphone radiation and cancer, it offers no clues to why such a link might exist, notes Jonathan Samet. He teaches preventative medicine and directs the Institute for Global Health at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.‎ ‎ Still, he calls the new study's findings “significant”. “They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer，” he says.‎ Phone signals are relayed between cell towers and cellphones via radio waves. This radio frequency — or RF — radiation is a type known as nonionizing (非电离的). Unlike Xrays, nonionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or molecules, producing ions. So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation, such as Xrays. But that does not mean radio waves might not cause harm.‎ In very large doses (量) this radiation will heat the body and cause tissue damage. But it's not yet known what much lower RF levels might do, such as those from cellphone use. Five years ago, the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer, or IARC, concluded that cellphone use “is possibly carcinogenic (致癌的)”．‎ Its conclusion was based on what little research data was available at that time. But notice that IARC was not certain. It said only that phone use might “possibly” cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人们喜欢用手机，90%的美国人都有手机。那么，过度使用手机是否会有患癌的风险呢？一项新的研究给出了一些线索。‎ ‎1．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “augments”？‎ A．figures out B．puts out ‎ C．refers to D．adds to 解析：选D词义猜测题。画线词前面提到过度使用手机是否有患癌的风险这一问题多年来引发的争议不断，再根据画线词后的“concerns”和“Its data linked longterm, intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain.”可知，现在一项在老鼠身上进行的新研究增加了那些忧虑。故画线词与adds to意义相近。‎ ‎2．In which aspect does Jonathan Samet think the new study in rats is significant?‎ A．It assists him with his teaching.‎ B．It indicates a new research direction.‎ C．It warns people to mind cellphone safety.‎ D．It makes a breakthrough in cancer research.‎ 解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer”可知，这项研究会促使科学家去查明手机辐射可能是怎样致癌的，也就是说它为科学家提供了一个新的研究方向。‎ ‎3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?‎ A．How phone signals are delivered.‎ B．How cellphones produce radiation.‎ C．Features of radiation from cellphones.‎ D．Differences between ionizing and nonionizing radiation.‎ 解析：选C段落大意题。根据第三段的内容尤其是“nonionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or molecules, producing ions. So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation”可知，本段主要讲的是手机辐射的特点，它是非电离的，其危害性远低于电离辐射。‎ ‎4．What might be the theme of NTP scientists' further research?‎ A．Why cellphone use causes cancer.‎ B．Whether cellphone use really causes cancer.‎ C．What health effects cellphone use has.‎ D．How much exposure to cellphone radiation is safe.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It said only that phone use might “possibly” cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further.”可知，NTP的科学家进一步研究的主题可能是手机使用是否真的会导致癌症。‎ ‎[六]‎ Brian Greene, a professor of physics and mathematics at Columbia University, has created an online science education platform. He tries to “build a bridge” with things you know about, and then “bring you across that bridge to the strange place of modern physics.”‎ Recently I had a chance to ask Greene about wormholes (a hole which some scientists think might exist, connecting parts of space and time that are not usually connected), time travel and other mysteries of the universe. I asked him a milliondollar question: What if I went through a wormhole and prevented my parents from meeting? “Most of us believe that the universe makes sense，” Greene said. “Although there are several interesting theories about time travel，” he added, “the laws of physics would probably prevent something so illogical from taking place. The good news is that the time paradox (悖论) is open for future physicists to solve.”‎ When asked how physics could become more exciting for kids, Greene said that books by Stephen Weinberg, Leonard Susskind, and other physicists, “make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ‎ ideas but aren't yet ready, perhaps, to learn math.”‎ When I pointed out that some students still might find physics boring, Greene said that the key is to teach them about things that are strange. “The basic stuff is important，” Greene said. “But I think it's really important to also describe the more modern ideas, things like black holes and the Big Bang. If kids have those ideas in mind, then at least some of them will be excited to learn all the details.”‎ Greene has followed Albert Einstein's lead in trying to solve the mysteries of the universe. Now he wants kids to do the same. As Greene said, physics is “not just a matter of solving problems in an exam.” It's about experimenting, showing an interest in strange phenomena (现象) — and having fun!‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。物理学家Brian Greene希望更多的孩子将会对现代物理学感兴趣。‎ ‎8．A milliondollar question in Paragraph 2 is probably very ________.‎ A．direct B．difficult C．personal D．long 解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第二段Greene对这个问题的解释以及他说需要未来的物理学家去解决可知，作者提出的这个问题非常难。‎ ‎9．The books by Weinberg and Susskind ________.‎ A．are boring to read B．are mainly about math C．are popular science books D．are only popular among kids 解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段的“...books by ...make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but aren't yet ready, perhaps, to learn math”可知，Greene认为Weinberg和Susskind等物理学家写的书浅显易懂，适合普通大众阅读，故这些书属于流行的科普读物。‎ ‎10．In the last paragraph, Greene hopes that ________.‎ A．kids can love science and physics B．kids can do well in physics exams C．kids can have fun with experiments D．kids can find more strange things in life 解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Greene has followed Albert Einstein's lead in trying to solve the mysteries of the universe. Now he wants kids to do the same.”可知，Greene希望孩子们可以像他一样对科学和物理感兴趣，去探索宇宙的奥秘。‎ ‎[七]‎ Anna Schiferl hadn't even got out of bed when she reached for her cellphone and typed a text to her mom, one recent Saturday. Mom was right downstairs in the kitchen. The text? Anna wanted an egg for breakfast. Soon after, Joanna Schiferl called, “If you want to talk to me, Anna, come downstairs and see me！” Anna laughs about it now. “I was kind of being lazy，” she admits.‎ These days, many people with cellphones prefer texting to a phone call. And that's creating a communication divide, of sorts — the talkers vs. the texters. Some would argue that it's no big deal. But many experts say the most successful communicators will, of course, have the competence to do both. And they fear that more of us are unable to have — or at least are avoiding — the traditional facetoface conversations.‎ Many professors (教授) say it is not common to see students outside of class. “I sit in my office hours lonely now because if my students have a question, they email me, often late at night，” says Renee Houston, a professor at the University of Puget Sound in Washington state. “And they never call.”‎ As Anna sees it: “There are people you'll text, but won't call. It's just a way to stay in touch with each other.” Some believe that scores of texts each day keep people more connected. “The problem is that the ‎ conversation isn't very deep，” says Joseph Grenny, coauthor of the book Crucial Conversations: Tools for Talking When Stakes are High.‎ ‎“The problem has been there since we've had telephones — probably since the time of a telegraph (电报)，” Grenny says. Texting is just the latest way to do that. Though they may not always be so good at deep conversations themselves, Grenny suggests that parents model the behavior for their children and put down their own cellphones. He says that they also should set limits, as Anna's mom did when she made the “no texting to people in the same house” rule.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。专家表明，经常发短信可能会使人们在面对面交流时产生障碍。‎ ‎4．According to Paragraph 1, Joanna ________.‎ A．was very strict with her daughter B．did not know how to use a cellphone C．was angry that her daughter got up late D．did not have any breakfast that morning 解析：选A推理判断题。由该段中的“If you want to talk to me, Anna, come downstairs and see me”可知，Joanna对她的女儿要求十分严格，故选A项。‎ ‎5．The underlined word “competence” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．‎ A．chance B．ability C．courage D．patience 解析：选B词义猜测题。由该段中的“the talkers vs. the texters”等相关信息可知，这里是说：大多数成功的交流者有能力把两者都做好，即：不但善于口头沟通也善于通过短信来交流，故选B项。‎ ‎6．What do we know about Renee's students?‎ A．They often work late at night.‎ B．They often ask strange questions.‎ C．Few ask her questions face to face.‎ D．Many email her if she feels lonely.‎ 解析：选C细节理解题。由第三段中的“I sit in my office hours lonely now because if my students have a question, they email me”可知，Renee的学生很少当面向她请教问题，故选C项。‎ ‎7．In Joseph Grenny's opinion, ________.‎ A．cellphones make people lonelier B．telephones help people communicate clearly C．texting helps people have deeper conversations D．talking should be encouraged instead of texting 解析：选D细节理解题。由最后两段中的“the conversation isn't very deep”和“parents ...put down their own cellphones”以及“they also should set limits”等信息可知，Joseph Grenny认为父母应该放下手机给孩子做个榜样，多一些面对面的交流而非发短信，故选D项。‎ ‎[八]‎ Having good etiquette at the workplace is very important to be a favorite in an office. However, it's observed that many people aren't aware of the workplace etiquette and this creates a very bad impression in the office. So it's important to know some workplace etiquette tips. ‎ Among all the workplace etiquette guidelines, the most important is to be punctual to your office. Though going late due to an emergency is okay, habitual late comers are never appreciated in any organization. By arriving at your office on time, you show that you're aware of your responsibilities and have respect for the organization. In case you feel that you would be late, call the concerned authority and report the matter to him or her. ‎ Also, a proper knowledge of the workplace email etiquette is a must. In the official emails, you need to mention the subject concisely (简洁地), while at the same time include all the important details which are to be shared. You should use good and grammatically correct language while ‎ writing emails. ‎ A knowledge of telephone etiquette in the workplace is very important as well. While talking on the telephone, be polite and listen to what they're saying carefully. Only then should you say what you feel. Speak in a voice which would be heard clearly at the other end. ‎ The workplace guidelines are important even while you're dining or celebrating with your coworkers. If you get a call in between, receive it after you're permitted by the others by saying “excuse me”. Don't talk loudly while eating. Greet people well and try to make them feel comfortable, while being in your company. ‎ These guidelines will help you become the best employee of a company. All the best!‎ ‎24．The intended readers of the text are ________.‎ A．managers in charge of a company ‎ B．students of a business class C．people who are out of work ‎ D．general readers ‎25．How should you write an official email?‎ A．Write the subject clearly and simply. ‎ B．Include all the details in the email.‎ C．Make the language as beautiful as possible. ‎ D．Make emails as brief as possible. ‎ ‎26．Which of the following is considered NOT acceptable about making phone calls?‎ A．Using polite languages. ‎ B．Listening with patience and care. ‎ C．Speaking clearly.‎ D．Answering a call in a loud voice.‎ ‎27．Why should you try to be punctual?‎ A．To prove you are not a habitual late comer.‎ B．To respect the rules of the organization.‎ C．To show that you are a responsible worker.‎ D．To win other workers' respect.‎ ‎28．In the writer's opinion, workplace etiquette ________.‎ A．is easy to master B．is considered important by all employees C．can be helpful in doing your work well D．will bring you good luck and good salaries 答案与解析 在工作中要想成为办公室里受欢迎的人，有好的礼节是很重要的。本文介绍了在工作中应注意的一些礼节。‎ ‎24．D推理判断题。本文主要介绍在工作中要想成为受欢迎的员工所应注意的礼节，故该篇文章是写给公司的普通员工的。‎ ‎25．A细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，电子邮件应主题简洁并包含所有重要的细节，因此选择A。‎ ‎26．D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句可知，无论什么时候来电话都大声地接听是不被接受的行为。‎ ‎27．C细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，准时上班一是表明你意识到了你的责任，二是表明你对这个团体的尊重，因此应选择C。‎ ‎28．C推理判断题。综合全文尤其是第一段和最后一段内容可知，工作中的礼节有助于做好工作。‎ ‎[九]‎ There is growing concern about food insecurity in the developing world. Rising food prices, weather emergencies and political problems are deepening the struggle for families in many countries.‎ Three UN agencies have published a report recently, saying high prices are likely to continue. Gregory Barrow, who is with the World Food Program in Rome, says, “If you look at the places where the World Food Program works, particularly in developing countries, you see people who might be spending more than 60 percent of their salary in purchasing food for their families.”‎ East Africa is suffering its worst drought in years. In Kenya, at least three and a half million people are going hungry, mostly in the north. Yet food is going to waste in central Kenya. Now, farmers there want the government to buy their food and give it to those in need. Farmers say bad roads and lack of transportation make it difficult for them to get their produce to the market.‎ Mr. Barrow says, “It needs the government to make some arrangements such as providing transport. They can buy it at a good price, then give it to those people instead of asking for food from overseas, which is very bad. When we are throwing away food, they are asking for food from overseas.”‎ Economists say that imports reduce local food prices, decrease productivity(生产效率) and increase the dependency on other countries. Farmers in Kenya hope the government can pay higher prices for their crops so that they can feed more Kenyans. ‎ ‎32．What is the best title for this passage?‎ A．Kenya Imports Food from Abroad.‎ B．World Food Program in Rome.‎ C．The Poor Suffer from High Food Prices.‎ D．A Report Published by Three UN Agencies.‎ ‎33．What do we know about Kenya from the passage?‎ A．The people in central Kenya are suffering from hunger.‎ B．At least three and a half million Kenyans lack food.‎ C．The Kenyan government wants to improve road conditions.‎ D．People in northern Kenya refuse to ask for food from overseas.‎ ‎34．What does “they” in the fourth paragraph refer to? ‎ A．The people of northern Kenya.‎ B．Government officials.‎ C．The farmers of central Kenya.‎ D．Kenyan economists.‎ ‎35．Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to this passage?‎ A．Gregory Barrow suggests that Kenya make good use of overseas food.‎ B．People in northern Kenya are suffering the drought less than the central.‎ C．Economists believe importing food from abroad may cause problems.‎ D．Kenyan government hopes to buy the native crops at higher prices.‎ D篇本文主要是通过写一份报告以及举肯尼亚北部的人们因食物价格高而遭受饥饿的例子来说明如今很多家庭正在遭受着食物价格提高而带来的压力和痛苦。‎ ‎32．C主旨概括题。A.‎ 肯尼亚从海外进口食物，这在文中提到过，但不能代表全文的主旨，具有片面性。B.罗马的世界食物报告，这个只在第二段中提到过，具有片面性。D.三个代表出版的一份报告，同样只在第二段提到过，具有片面性。C.穷人所遭受的高价格，首先第一段最后一句就提到食物价格的提高加重了很多家庭的负担，之后又举了肯尼亚这个例子来说明，故选C。‎ ‎33．B细节理解题。问题的中心是Kenya，所以看第三段和第四段，文中说Kenya北部的人们正在遭受饥饿而中部的食物在浪费。所以排除A选B。人们针对此状况想让政府拿出措施修缮道路让食物流通，而政府只是一味地从海外进口食物，排除C、D。故选B。‎ ‎34．B细节理解题。上文中提到了政府应该修缮道路让食物流通来获取食物，而不是一味地从海外进口，所以they指代的是政府官员。故选B。‎ ‎35．C推理判断题。文中建议的是要充分利用当地的食物，排除A。遭受洪水的是东非不是肯尼亚，排除B。希望用高价格购买当地粮食的是当地人不是当地政府，排除D。文中最后一段提到经济学家指出从海外进口粮食的很多问题，故选C。‎ ‎[十]‎ It's a bicyclist's dream: a bike that can't be stolen. The Yerka, designed by three young Chilean engineering students, is the latest entry in a trend of bikes. They use their saddle seat as a lock. They can also use their handlebar(手柄)as a lock. But the inventors of the Yerka have made an improvement to it. The bike's lower frame opens up into two arms that are then connected to the seat post and locked to a post, so thieves would have to destroy a Yerka to get it unlocked.‎ ‎“That's why our motto is ‘A bike that gets stolen is no longer a bike’. What we have here is truly an unstealable bike，” said Cristobal ‎ Cabello, who came up with the design during a college engineering class with childhood friends Andres Roi Eggers and Juan Jose Monsalve.In Chile and elsewhere in Latin America, the spread of cycling lanes, storage racks and bike share programs are encouraging people to change from cars to bikes, which are cheaper and environmentally friendly. Cristobal Galban said a study by his team in 2013 found that the use of bikes has doubled among Chileans in five years.‎ The main problem in Chile and elsewhere is robberies. The most effective strategy commonly used in London today is to take the bike into the office with the rider. Other strategies involve using a bike that looks so unattractive that nobody will want to steal it. But now the Yerka can help solve the problem.‎ Now, while waiting for the patent(专利)to be approved and carrying out more tests the team plans to raise funds. They're also looking for a partner who can invest $300,000 needed to poduce 1,000 bikes first that they hope will be sold by mid2016.‎ ‎29．Which of the following is NOT true about the Yerka in Paragraph 1?‎ A．It looks very attractive.‎ B．It aims at not being stolen.‎ C．It leads the new trend of bikes.‎ D．It uses its saddle seat as a lock.‎ ‎30．According to Cristobal Cabello, it can be inferred that the Yerka ________.‎ A．will be safe if it is fully used B．will be broken if it gets stolen C．will be expensive if it gets repaired D．will not be stolen even if it is unlocked ‎31．From the last paragraph, we can learn that the Yerka ________.‎ A．doesn't need a lot of money B．can't be bought in the market yet C．will be popular with bike riders D．will be affordable for ordinary people ‎32．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Bikes in Chile can easily get stolen.‎ B．Chile is encouraging the use of bikes.‎ C．An expensive bike drew the world's attention.‎ D．Three Chileans designed an unstealable bike.‎ C篇文章介绍智利的三位年轻人发明了一辆不会被偷走的自行车，这个设计可以很好地解决自行车被偷的问题。‎ ‎29．A细节理解题。根据第一段的内容“It's a bicyclist's dream: a bike that can't be stolen. The Yerka, designed by three young Chilean engineering students, is the latest entry in a trend of bikes. They use their saddle seat as a lock.”可知，B、C、D都提到了，而这种自行车看起来非常漂亮在原文中未提及。故选A。‎ ‎30．B推理判断题。根据第一段的“so thieves would have to destroy a Yerka to get it unlocked”可知，如果车被偷了，就意味着车肯定坏了。故选B。‎ ‎31．B推理判断题。根据末段的“They're also looking for a partner who can invest $300,000 needed to produce, 1,000 bikes first that they hope will be sold by mid2016.”可知，现在市场上还买不到这种自行车。故选B。‎ ‎32．D 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，智利的三位年轻人发明了一辆不会被偷走的自行车。故选D。‎