广东省深圳市普通高中2020届高三线上统一测试英语试题 Word版含解析

广东省深圳市普通高中2020届高三线上统一测试英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com ‎2020年深圳市普通高中高三年级线上统一测试 英语试题 注意事项:‎ ‎1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考生号填写在答题卡指定位置。‎ ‎2．选择题的答案填写或涂写方式，请按照学校使用的考试平台所需具体要求作答。‎ ‎3．非选择题答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内，写在非答题区域的答案无效。‎ ‎4．考生必须保证纸质答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，按照学校的具体要求提交答题卡。‎ 第I卷 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A An increasing number of students worldwide are considering studying abroad. The application process varies from country to country. If you’re looking for a university with a strong international outlook but feel swept over by all the application options, here is some guidance to get you started.‎ UK International students must apply to universities in the UK through a system known as Ucas. This system allows students to apply to up to five universities with just one application. It costs £20 for a single choice or £25 for more than one choice.‎ The application consists of a series of questions to determine the student’s schooling and predicted grades. The biggest part of the application form is the personal statement, in which applicants should describe their personal interests and related experiences.‎ Switzerland Switzerland has four official languages and is bordered by five countries so it is no surprise that its universities are among the most international in the world. International applicants may need to take an entrance exam if they have a foreign school certificate, and must also prove that they have a good grasp of the French language, usually through taking a language exam. The full application costs 50 Swiss - 26 -‎ ‎ Francs for a holder of a Swiss diploma and 150 Swiss Francs for holders of foreign diplomas.‎ Canada International applicants have to write up a personal profile as part of their application, which is very similar to the personal statement required for a UK university application. Students will also have to prove their English-language competency—there are nine ways to meet the English Language Admission Standard, which are listed on many university websites.‎ Singapore The process of applying to a Singaporean university is very much alike, but overseas students may be delighted to find that the domestic applicants have to cover the same procedures: filling out an online application form and submit identification documents, supporting documents and an application fee of S$20.‎ ‎1. Which country requires international applicants know French well?‎ A. UK. B. Switzerland.‎ C. Canada. D. Singapore.‎ ‎2. What part of the application is similar between the UK and Canada?‎ A. The application system. B. The number of universities.‎ C. The application cost. D. The personal statement.‎ ‎3. What’s special about the application process in Singapore?‎ A. Applicants need to pay a lot. B. It is much simpler than elsewhere.‎ C. It’s no different for native students. D. The competition is even more fierce.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章主要对出境留学学生办理的申请手续进行了介绍，举例说明英国，瑞士，加拿大和新加坡的留学申请注意事项进行对比。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章Switzerland部分内容“International applicants may need to take an entrance exam if they have a foreign school certificate, and must also prove that ‎ - 26 -‎ they have a good grasp of the French language, usually through taking a language exam.( 国际申请者如果有外国学校的证书，可能需要参加入学考试，还必须证明他们对法语有很好的掌握，通常是通过参加语言考试。)”可知，瑞士要求申请者掌握法语。故选B项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章Canada部分内容“International applicants have to write up a personal profile as part of their application, which is very similar to the personal statement required for a UK university application.( 国际申请者在申请时必须填写个人资料，这与英国大学申请时的个人陈述非常相似。)”可知，在个人陈述资料方面，英国和加拿大的申请部分相似。故选B项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章Singapore部分内容“The process of applying to a Singaporean university is very much alike, but overseas students may be delighted to find that the domestic applicants have to cover the same procedures(申请新加坡大学的程序大同小异，但海外学生可能会很高兴地发现，国内申请人必须经过与他们同样的程序)”可知，新加坡的申请过程的特殊之处在于境外学生与国内学生申请流程相同。故选C项。‎ B One day after more than a month of classes, I read aloud a paragraph from my book, recognizing all of the characters smoothly except for one. I sat back and started to register the achievement: I was actually reading Chinese. The language was starting to make sense. But before the sense of satisfaction was half formed, Teacher Liao said, “Budui!”‎ It meant, literally, “Not correct.” You could also translate it as no, wrong, nope, uh-uh. Flatly and clearly incorrect. There were many Chinese words that I didn’t know, but I knew that one well.‎ A voice in my head whined: All of the rest of them were right; isn’t that worth something? But for Teacher Liao it didn’t work like that. If one character was wrong it was simply budui.‎ ‎“What’s this word?” I asked, pointing at the character I had missed.‎ ‎“Zhe — the zhe in Zhejiang.”‎ ‎“Third tone?”‎ - 26 -‎ ‎“Fourth tone.”‎ I breathed deeply and read the section again, and this time I did it perfectly. That was a victory — I turned to Teacher Liao and my eyes said (or at least I imagined them saying): How do you like me now? There seemed to be some satisfaction in her eyes, but she simply said, “Read the next one.”‎ It was her way of teaching. Success was expected and failure criticized and immediately corrected. You were right or you were budui; there was no middle ground.‎ I grew to hate budui. The bu was a rising tone and the dui dropped abruptly, like building my confidence and then breaking down all at once. And it bothered me all the more because I knew that Teacher Liao was only telling the truth: everything I did with the language was budui. I was an adult, and as an adult I should be able to accept criticism where it was needed. But that wasn’t the American way; I wanted to be praised for my effort; I didn’t mind criticism as long as it was candy-coated. In China, the single B on the report card matters much more than all the As that surround it. Keep working; you haven’t achieved anything yet.‎ And so I studied. I was frustrated but I was also stubborn; I was determined to show Teacher Liao that I was dui.‎ ‎4. Which of the following can best replace “whined” in Paragraph 3?‎ A. burst out. B. gave in.‎ C. returned. D. complained.‎ ‎5. What did the writer expect from Teacher Liao after he tried again?‎ A. Immediate correction. B. A new challenge.‎ C. An encouraging response. D. A strict comment.‎ ‎6. How did the writer feel about the Chinese way of teaching?‎ A. Candy-coated. B. Weakness-focused.‎ C. Interest-driven. D. Criticism-absent.‎ ‎7. What can we infer from the text?‎ A. The writer was struggling with Liao’s teaching.‎ B. The American way of teaching is better for adults.‎ C. The writer was not gifted in language learning.‎ - 26 -‎ D. Teacher Liao was not friendly with her students.‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者跟着廖老师学习中文的心路历程，经过一个多月的学习后，除了一个字以外其他字都认识，但在满足感还没有形成一半之前，他的老师就说不对。老师的教学方式是：成功是预料之中的，失败是要受到批评并且要立即纠正的，这让作者感到很沮丧，他希望因为他付出的努力而得到表扬。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句的前文内容第二段末尾以及第三段内容“The language was starting to make sense. But before the sense of satisfaction was half formed, Teacher Liao said, “Budui!” It meant, literally, “Not correct.” You could also translate it as no, wrong, nope, uh-uh. Flatly and clearly incorrect. There were many Chinese words that I didn’t know, but I knew that one well.”可知廖老师对作者的朗读中评价为“不对”，而作者在脑海里产生了各种疑问，觉得难道剩余的全对了也不能抵消一个错的吗，因此可推知“A voice in my head whined”在讲述作者心里颇有微词。因此划线单词whined与选项D“complained(抱怨)”有相同含义。故选D项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第八段内容“I turned to Teacher Liao and my eyes said (or at least I imagined them saying): How do you like me now? There seemed to be some satisfaction in her eyes…(我转向廖老师，我的眼睛说(或者至少我想象他们在说):你现在觉得我怎么样?她的眼睛里似乎有某种满足)”可知，作者期待廖老师对自己的表现感到满意，得到老师的鼓励。故选C项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第十段内容“In China, the single B on the report card matters much more than all the As that surround it. Keep working; you haven’t achieved anything yet. (在中国，成绩单上的一个B比它周围的所有B更重要。继续工作;你还没有取得任何成就。)”可知中国式的教育重点关注弱项，有不对就强调指出错误，因此推知作者认为中国式教育强调关注弱项。故选B项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“I was frustrated but I was also stubborn; I was ‎ - 26 -‎ determined to show Teacher Liao that I was dui.( 我很沮丧，但我也很固执；我决定让廖老师知道我是对的。)”可知，作者决心在学习的过程中同时要与廖老师的教学作斗争。选项A“The writer was struggling with Liao’s teaching.”属于合理推理。故选A项。‎ C In the winter of 1664-65, a bitter cold fell on London in the days before Christmas. Above the city, an unusually bright comet (彗星) shot across the sky, exciting much prediction of a snow storm. Outside the city wall, a woman was announced dead of a disease that was spreading in that area. Her house was locked up and the phrase “Lord Have Mercy On Us” was painted on the door in red.‎ By the following Christmas, the virus that had killed the woman would go on to kill nearly 100,000 people living in and around London — almost a third of those who did not flee.‎ In The Great Plague (瘟疫), historian A. Lloyd Moote and microbiologist Dorothy C. Moote provide a deeply informed account of this plague year. Reading the book, readers are taken from the palaces of the city’s wealthiest citizens to the poor areas where the vast majority of Londoners were living, and to the surrounding countryside with those who fled. The Mootes point out that, even at the height of the plague, the city did not fall into chaos. Doctors, nurses and the church staff remained in the city to care for the sick; city officials tried their best to fight the crisis with all the legal tools; and commerce continued even as businesses shut down.‎ To describe life and death in and around London, the authors focus on the experiences of nine individuals. Through their letters and diaries, the Mootes offer fresh descriptions of key issues in the history of the Great Plague: how different communities understood and experienced the disease; how medical, religious, and government bodies reacted; how well the social order held together; the economic and moral dilemmas people faced when debating whether to flee the city; and the nature of the material, social, and spiritual resources supporting those who remained. Based on humanity (人性), the authors offer a masterful portrait of a city and its inhabitants attacked by — and daringly resisting — unimaginable horror.‎ - 26 -‎ ‎8. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?‎ A. A comet always follows a storm.‎ B. London was under an approaching threat.‎ C. London was prepared for the disease.‎ D. The woman was the beginning of the disease.‎ ‎9. What do the Mootes say about London during the Great Plague?‎ A. The city remained organized.‎ B. The plague spared the rich areas.‎ C. The people tried a lot in vain.‎ D. The majority fled and thus survived.‎ ‎10. Why do the Mootes focus on the nine individuals?‎ A. They were famous people in history.‎ B. They all managed to survive the Plague.‎ C. They provided vivid stories of humanity.‎ D. They united by thinking and acting as one.‎ ‎11. What’s the purpose of this text?‎ A. To introduce a new book.‎ B. To correct a misunderstanding.‎ C. To report a new research.‎ D. To show respect to the authors.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了在1664年至1665年冬天，伦敦地区发生了瘟疫，将近10万人死于这场瘟疫。历史学家A. Lloyd Moote 和微生物学家Dorothy C. Moote在《大瘟疫》这本书中记述了当时人们是如何应对这场瘟疫的。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Outside the city wall, a woman was announced dead of a disease that was spreading in that area.( 在城墙外，一名妇女被宣布死于一种正在该地区蔓延的疾病。)”可知一场瘟疫正在逼近伦敦。故选B项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The Mootes point out that, even at the height of the plague, the city did not fall into chaos. Doctors, nurses and the church staff remained in the city to care for the sick; city officials tried their best to fight the crisis with all the legal tools; and commerce continued even as businesses shut down.( 慕特斯指出，即使在瘟疫最严重的时候，这座城市也没有陷入混乱。医生、护士和教会工作人员留在城里照顾病人;市政府官员尽其所能，动用一切法律手段应对危机;即使企业倒闭，商业仍在继续。)”可知，疫情期间，伦敦并没有乱作一团，仍然井然有序。故选A项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章末尾内容“Based on humanity , the authors offer a masterful portrait of a city and its inhabitants attacked by — and daringly resisting — unimaginable horror.( 作者以人性为基础，描绘了一个城市和它的居民被难以想象的恐怖袭击和勇敢抵抗的场景。)”可知，作者集中描述这九个人在疫情期间的活动是因为他们提供了“人性”的故事。故选C项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍历史学家A. Lloyd Moote 和微生物学家Dorothy C. Moote《大瘟疫》这本书的内容，因此作者的写作目的应该是介绍这本书。故选A项。‎ D Rivers are the veins of the Earth, transporting the water and nutrients (营养物) needed to support the planet’s ecosystems, including human life. While many nutrients are essential to the survival of life, there is one element transported by water in rivers that holds the key to life and to the future of our planet — carbon.‎ Carbon is everywhere and understanding the way it moves and is either released or stored by the Earth system is a complex science in itself. Carbon starts its journey downstream when natural acid rain, which contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, melts minerals in rocks. This helps transform carbon dioxide to bicarbonate (碳酸氢盐) in the water that then flows in our rivers. This is a very long process, which is one of the main ways carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere. Carbon is transported by rivers to oceans and once that carbon reaches the ocean, it is stored naturally in deep sea sediments (沉淀物) for millions of years.‎ - 26 -‎ As carbon travels down a river, different processes may impact whether it continues to flow downstream or whether it is released into the atmosphere. For example, human engineering, like extensive dam construction, will result in dramatic changes to how water and sediments travel down the river. Some carbon that fails to reach the sea may return to the atmosphere in some way, which causes more warming.‎ Earth’s climate is closely related to the carbon cycle. We all know about the essential role of plants in consuming carbon dioxide, but do we know enough about rivers? Changing the chemistry and the course of rivers may have significant impacts on how they transport carbon. Remember: wherever we live, we all live downstream.‎ ‎12. Where is the carbon in rivers originally from?‎ A. The atmosphere. B. The rocks.‎ C. The acid rain. D. The upstream areas.‎ ‎13 Why is human engineering mentioned in Paragraph 3?‎ A. To show how important to life carbon is.‎ B. To explain how necessary it is to build dams.‎ C. To show how a natural process is interrupted.‎ D. To explain how humans fight global warming.‎ ‎14. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph?‎ A. We’d better move upstream to live.‎ B. We should protect plants along rivers.‎ C. We’d better seek more help from plants.‎ D. We should be cautious about river management.‎ ‎15. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. What Humans Do with Rivers B. How Rivers’ Transporting Carbon Counts C. What the Carbon Cycle Means to Us D. How Living Downstream Affects the Earth ‎【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B ‎【解析】‎ - 26 -‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了河流对于运输碳的重要性以及人类工程对河流的破坏，号召人们要小心河流的管理。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Carbon starts its journey downstream when natural acid rain, which contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, melts minerals in rocks.( 当含有大气中二氧化碳的天然酸雨融化岩石中的矿物质时，碳就开始了它的下游之旅。)”可知，河流里的碳最初来自于大气。故选A项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容“For example, human engineering, like extensive dam construction, will result in dramatic changes to how water and sediments travel down the river.( 例如，人类工程，像大规模的水坝建设，将导致水和沉积物如何沿河流流动的巨大变化。)”可知，提到人类工程是为了说明前一句内容“different processes may impact whether it continues to flow downstream or whether it is released into the atmosphere.( 不同的过程可能会影响它是否继续向下游流动或是否释放到大气中。)”，从而解释了人类的干预性。故选C项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Earth’s climate is closely related to the carbon cycle. We all know about the essential role of plants in consuming carbon dioxide, but do we know enough about rivers? Changing the chemistry and the course of rivers may have significant impacts on how they transport carbon. Remember: wherever we live, we all live downstream.( 地球的气候与碳循环密切相关。我们都知道植物在消耗二氧化碳方面的重要作用，但我们对河流了解的够多吗?改变化学物质和河流的流向可能会对它们运输碳的方式产生重大影响。记住:无论我们生活在哪里，我们都生活在下游。)”可知，作者在末尾段想要传达的信息是人类对于河流的干预会影响它们运输碳的方式，而人类需要在河流管理方法小心谨慎。故选D项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章首段提到的中心话题：While many nutrients are essential to the survival of life, there is one element transported by water in rivers that holds the key to life and to the future of our planet — carbon.( 虽然许多营养物质对生命的生存至关重要，但河流中有一种元素是生命和地球未来的关键——碳。)‎ - 26 -‎ ‎，且文章内容主要描述了河流运输碳有非常重要的价值。选项B“How Rivers’ Transporting Carbon Counts(河流如何运输碳)”可作为最佳标题。故选B项。‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Imagine you are on a long car trip. It is night and you take a wrong turn onto a dark country road. With a sinking feeling, you realize that you have no idea where you are.‎ ‎___16___, and the answer is written in light. A shining compass face, with north, south, east and west at the four points, and a big needle are pointing at north. What a relief! You turn your car around and head in the right direction guided by the sky.‎ For migrating birds, finding their way over long distances through the darkest nights is their second nature. _____17_____ — directions written by light and magnetism (磁力). Some birds journey thousands of miles in their twice-yearly journeys. ____18____, like mountain ranges and rivers, to help decide the directions; but birds may also navigate using the stars, and by sensing — or even “seeing” — the Earth’s invisible magnetic field.‎ For many years, scientists have been studying what’s behind the strong ability of migrating birds to find their way to their winter and summer homes. Here is one thing that they agree on. ____19____. This compass leads them to make their very first autumn flight in the direction that has been long-travelled by the rest of their species. ____20____.‎ A. Then you glance up at the sky B. So birds are born knowing which way home is C. They do it in part by reading directions in the sky D. Magnetism is important for all animals, especially birds and fishes E. When they’re on the way, they take the advantage of familiar landmarks F. Migratory baby birds are already equipped with a kind of present inner compass G. In birds, migration means two-way journeys — onward journey and backward journey ‎【答案】16. A 17. C 18. E 19. F 20. B ‎【解析】‎ - 26 -‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了候鸟为何拥有寻找方向的能力的原因。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据后文“You turn your car around and head in the right direction guided by the sky.( 你把车掉头，在天空的指引下朝着正确的方向行驶。)”可知，设空内容应与天空有关。选项A“Then you glance up at the sky(然后你仰望天空)”符合语境，且对应后文“and the answer is written in light”中light(光)。故选A项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据后文“directions written by light and magnetism(由光和磁指示方向)”可知，设空内容与指示（directions）有关。C项“”符合语境。故选C项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据后文“like mountain ranges and rivers, to help decide the directions(像山脉和河流一样，帮助决定方向)”，可知，E项“When they’re on the way, they take the advantage of familiar landmarks”中的landmarks与mountain ranges and rivers相呼应。故选E项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据后文“This compass leads them to make their very first autumn flight in the direction that has been long-travelled by the rest of their species.( 这个指南针指引着它们第一次在秋天朝着其他物种早已走过的方向飞行。)”可知，空后句中的compass有定冠词the作限定词，表特指，因此设空内容应与指南针有关。选项F“Migratory baby birds are already equipped with a kind of present inner compass.( 候鸟宝宝已经具备了一种现有的内在指南针)”符合分析。故选F项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据前一句内容“This compass leads them to make their very first autumn flight in the direction that has been long-travelled by the rest of their species.( 这个指南针指引着它们第一次在秋天朝着其他物种早已走过的方向飞行。)”可知，设空句应是对前文的承接总结。选项B“B. So birds are born knowing which way home is(所以鸟儿生来就知道回家的路)”符合分析。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五技巧之词语复现显神功 词语复现是七选五在语篇衔接过程中的一个重要手段。因此利用词语复现解决七选五十分管用。比如文章的第1小题：‎ - 26 -‎ ‎___1___, and the answer is written in light. A shining compass face, with north, south, east and west at the four points, and a big needle are pointing at north. What a relief! You turn your car around and head in the right direction guided by the sky.‎ 利用词语复现原则，可以在段末看到词汇“you; the sky”，因此选项A. Then you glance up at the sky可为正确答案。‎ 第二部分 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21~40各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ My daughter loved dance, until she didn’t. After an ____21____ first year, I noticed her interest fading week by week. Then, one day, she slowly walked to me before class and asked if she could just ____22____ it.‎ My first reaction was to ____23____ her to “finish what you start”. ____24____, sticking with something difficult can teach perseverance (毅力), discipline and confidence. But watching my first-grader ____25____ herself into each ballet position, I started to question how much ____26____ that “blanket advice” made. Is it really in my kid’s best ___27___, or even practical, to make her stick to every commitment through until she reaches a bitter ___28___? What if there are different but ____29____ valuable qualities, which can be gained by ____30____ the things that are not right for her?‎ With the winter show approaching, I realized she needed to either _____31_____ her class or commit herself to it. After a few days’ consideration, she _____32_____ dance wasn’t for her — a choice I _____33_____. Quitting is never a black-and-white issue. Sometimes, it means ____34____ a barrier in your way to love something else. In my daughter’s case, ending dance made space for her new hobbies, such as horseback riding and Girl Scouts. She’s into them for now, but it is okay if that _____35_____ changes.‎ As adults, we are accustomed to _____36_____ the power of saying yes, but what about saying no? The ability to recognize when something isn’t an _____37_____ investment of our time or energy is also important. As my daughter gets older, I want ‎ - 26 -‎ her to feel confident to _____38_____ something that’s no longer meeting her needs. She shouldn’t be held back by the thought that she must _____39_____ something at any cost _____40_____ because she has started.‎ ‎21. A. annoyed B. independent C. enthusiastic D. unbearable ‎22. A. make B. join C. skip D. try ‎23. A. advise B. invite C. allow D. order ‎24. A. In addition B. After all C. At most D. By contrast ‎25. A. cheer B. throw C. enjoy D. drag ‎26. A. time B. sense C. labor D. pity ‎27. A. honor B. idea C. behavior D. interest ‎28. A. end B. space C. side D. direction ‎29. A. partly B. hardly C. equally D. seemingly ‎30. A. letting go of B. giving way to C. making up for D. putting up with ‎31. A. teach B. take C. enter D. drop ‎32. A. decided B. wondered C. hesitated D. argued ‎33. A. doubted B. required C. supported D. regretted ‎34. A. keeping B. clearing C. studying D. crossing ‎35. A. even B. still C. once D. yet ‎36. A. warning B. doubting C. stressing D. ignoring ‎37. A. appropriate B. unfair C. extra D. informal ‎38. A. hold B. exit C. treasure D. fix ‎39. A. spare B. change C. admit D. finish ‎40 A. slightly B. roughly C. nearly D. simply - 26 -‎ ‎【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议文章。文章主要通过讲述作者让女儿学习舞蹈这件事说明了成年人要尊重孩子们的意愿。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过了热情的第一年，我注意到她的兴趣一周又一周地减退。 A. annoyed恼火的；B. independent独立的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. unbearable难以忍受的。根据后文“I noticed her interest fading week by week.( 我注意到她的兴趣一周又一周地减退。)”可知刚开始的第一年女儿对跳舞是充满热情的。故选C项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，有一天，她在课前慢慢地走到我面前，问我是否可以逃课。A. make使让；制造；B. join加入；参加；C. skip不做; 逃避；跳过；D. try努力；尝试。根据前文“I noticed her interest fading week by week.( 我注意到她的兴趣一周又一周地减退。)”可知，女儿的兴趣减弱，已经不想上舞蹈课了，skip the class，意为“翘课”，符合语境。故选C项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的第一反应是给她建议：“完成你开始做的事”。A. advise建议；劝告；B. invite邀请；C. allow允许；D. order命令。根据后文“finish what you start(完成你开始做的事)”可知，作者在建议女儿。故选A项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查固定结构辨析。句意：毕竟，坚持做一些困难的事情可以培养毅力、纪律和信心。 A. In addition另外；B. After all毕竟；C. At most至多；D. By contrast相比之下。结合句意和语境可知，这里在讲述一个道理“坚持做困难的事情可以教会你坚持、自律和自信”，所填空承接上一句起到进一步解释的作用，选项B “After all”放在句首可以起到承接上文进一步解释的作用。故选B项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但看着我的一年级学生投身于每一个芭蕾舞姿势，我开始质疑这个“笼统的建议”到底花了多少时间。A. cheer加油；欢呼；B. throw扔；C. enjoy喜欢；享受；D. drag拖拉。根据句意和语境可知，前文已经提及女儿不想上舞蹈课了，作者坚持让她继续上课，她自然不高兴，提不起兴致，做动作时拖拖拉拉（drag）。故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但看着我的一年级学生投身于每一个芭蕾舞姿势，我开始质疑这个“笼统的建议”到底花了多少时间。A. time时间；B. sense感觉；C. labor劳动；D. pity怜悯。结合句意可知，所填空之后有定语从句修饰，所选词应与从句中的make构成固定搭配：make sense(有道理；讲得通)，用在此处指作者看到女儿上课时的表现质疑那个“笼统的建议”有多少意义。故选B项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：真的是为了我孩子的最大利益，或者甚至是实际的，让她坚持每一个承诺，直到她痛苦的结束吗? A. honor荣誉；B. idea想法；C. behavior行为；D. interest兴趣；利益。根据句意和语境可知，作者在思考这样要求孩子坚持已经不再喜爱的活动是为了孩子好还是只是比较实际一点，故选D项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：真的是为了我孩子的最大利益，或者甚至是实际的，让她坚持每一个承诺，直到她痛苦的结束吗? A. end终点；结束；B. space空间；C. side一边；D. direction方向。根据句意和语境可知，所填名词应与之前动词reach搭配，reach the bitter end,“到达痛苦的终点”，符合作者看到女儿练习舞蹈时的心态。故选A项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果有不同但同样有价值的品质，这些品质可以通过放手不适合她的事情来获得，那会怎样呢? A. partly部分地；B. hardly几乎不；C. equally 同等地；D. seemingly看似。根据句意和语境可知，作者在这里将舞蹈与其他技能相对比：不同但价值等同。故选C项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词组辨析。句意：如果有不同但同样有价值的品质，这些品质可以通过放手不适合她的事情来获得，那会怎样呢? A. letting go of释放；放弃；B. giving way to向……让步；C. making up for补偿，弥补；D. putting up with忍受；容忍。根据后文的“that are not right for her”可知，这里应是放弃一些不适合她的事情。故选A项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着冬季秀的临近，我意识到她要么退课，要么全身心投入。A. teach教授；B. take带走；C. enter进入；D. drop掉下；放弃。根据句意和语境可知，女儿目前的选择有两个：要么放弃学习舞蹈要么专心于学习舞蹈。故选D项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几天的考虑，她认为跳舞不适合她——我支持这个选择。A. decided决定；认为；B. wondered好奇；想知道；C. hesitated犹豫；D. argued争论；辩论。根据前文“After a few days’ consideration”可知，女儿考虑了几天，做了决定。故选A项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几天的考虑，她认为跳舞不适合她——我支持这个选择。A. doubted怀疑；B. required要求；C. supported支持；D. regretted遗憾；后悔。根据后文“Quitting is never a black-and-white issue.(放弃从来不是一个非黑即白的问题。)”可知，作者是支持女儿的选择的。故选C项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，这意味着在你爱上其他东西的路上扫除障碍。A. keeping坚持；B. clearing清理；C. studying 学习；D. crossing通过。根据之后的宾语为barrier(障碍物)，可知所选动词应是清理，构成“清理障碍物”含义。故选B项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她现在很喜欢，但如果还是有变化也没关系。A. even 甚至；B. still仍然；还；C. once曾经；D. yet还。根据句意和语境可知，作者支持女儿的选择，即使女儿现在的选择以后仍然会发生改变，作者也是能接受的。故选B项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为成年人，我们习惯于强调说“是”的力量，但说“不”呢?A. warning警告；B. doubting怀疑；C. stressing强调；D. ignoring忽视；不理睬。根据句意和语境可知，成人已经习惯了去强调“是”这个词的力量。故选C项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到什么时候不适合投入我们的时间和精力也很重要。A. appropriate合适的；B. unfair不公平的；C. extra额外的；D. informal非正式的。根据前文“saying no”可知，这里应是指不合适的时间投资和精力投入。故选A项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我女儿年龄的增长，我希望她能自信地放弃一些不再满足她需求的东西。 A. hold拿着；B. exit离开；退出；C. treasure 珍惜；D. fix修理。根据句意和语境可知，作者希望女儿能够有自信放弃掉不适合自己的。故选B项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不应该仅仅因为已经开始了就认为必须不惜一切代价完成某事。A. spare剩下；抽出；B. change改变；C. admit承认；D. finish结束；完成。根据前文“finish what you start”可知，这里应是finish。故选D项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她不应该仅仅因为已经开始了就认为必须不惜一切代价完成某事。A. slightly稍微；B. roughly粗糙地；概略地；C. nearly 几乎；D. simply仅仅；只是。根据句意和语境可知，这里的副词应是强调作用。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】完型填空技巧之复现原则来帮忙 复现原则是指所选的答案在原文中以原词，同义词，近义词，或同根词的形式存在，是作者和出题人埋下的伏笔和线索。仔细阅读文章可以很快在模棱两可的选项中确定出答案。比如文章第19小题：‎ She shouldn’t be held back by the thought that she must ____19____ something at any cost ____20____ because she has started.‎ ‎19. A. spare B. change C. admit D. finish 在做此题时，已到文章末尾部分。根据前文My first reaction was to ____3____ her to “finish what you start”.已经提及原词finish。故选D项。‎ 第II卷 第二部分 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ When you read a book, you’ve probably noticed that a brand new book has a rather special smell, ____41____ differs from that of an older book. Where does ____42____ come from? Three sources — the paper, the ink and the glue.‎ Around 200 AD, the Chinese first came up with paper, one of the greatest ___43___ (invent) in the world. It is made ____44____ wood. The wood must be processed with various chemicals ____45____ (add) to change its structure, to remove acid and to ‎ - 26 -‎ whiten the paper. Then comes the ink — there are many kinds. Some fade with time, while others get ____46____ (dark) than years ago. Finally, different glues are used to join the sheets together and attach the covers, whether hardcover ____47____ paperback. Therefore, you can smell different chemicals ____48____ (come) out of your new book.‎ Today, the forms of books ____49____ (change) dramatically since the birth of eBooks. They might be ____50____ (convenience), but you can’t give your copy to others as a present, and they don’t smell as nice.‎ ‎【答案】41. which ‎ ‎42. it/that ‎ ‎43. inventions ‎ ‎44. from 45. added ‎ ‎46. darker 47. or ‎ ‎48. coming 49. have changed /have been changing ‎ ‎50. convenient ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为何新书会有一种特殊的气味存在。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：当你读一本书的时候，你可能已经注意到一本全新的书有一种特别的味道，这与一本旧书不同。分析可知，____1____ differs from that of an older book 应是之前名词special smell的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：它来自哪里? 分析可知，设空应是本句主语，且无提示词应用代词指代前文提及special smell，人称代词it和指示代词that均可用来指代前文提及的事物。故填it/that。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：大约公元200年，中国人首先发明了纸，这是世界上最伟大的发明之一。分析可知，one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数。故填inventions。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ - 26 -‎ 考查介词。句意：它是由木材制成的。分析可知，be made from，“由…制成”（看不出原材料）。故填from。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查复合结构。句意：木材在加工过程中必须加入各种化学物质以改变其结构、去除酸性并使纸张变白。t分析可知，所填空应是with复合结构：with sth/sb+v-ing/done。动词add与之前名词之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填added。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：有些会随着时间的流逝而褪色，而有些则会比几年前更暗。根据空后的比较连词than可知，此空应用比较级形式。故填darker。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：最后，用不同的胶水把床单粘在一起，把封面粘在一起，无论是精装本还是平装本。分析可知，whether…or，固定结构，“是…还是…，不管…还是”。故填or。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查非谓语。句意：因此，你可以从你的新书中闻到不同的化学物质。分析可知，所填空应是非谓语，与之前名词之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填coming。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：今天，自从电子书诞生以来，书籍的形式发生了巨大的变化。根据句中时间状语since the birth of eBooks，可知，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填have changed /have been changing。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：它们可能很方便，但是你不能把你的副本作为礼物送给别人，而且它们闻起来也不那么好。be之后应是形容词作表语，所给词convenience为名词，意为“方便”，其形容词为convenient，“方便的；便利的”。故填convenient。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用删除符号（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ - 26 -‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ One day when I was walking home, I had heard a noise behind me. It was a pretty dog, and he followed me home. Dad was surprised, saying she looked as the Smiths’ pet dog. Realizing she was very tired, I gave her a bath but kept her company until she felt comfortably.‎ A big surprise came next morning, when I found her with four little cute puppies! I was in great excite. Before long Dad led Mrs. Smith in, that thanked us for taking care of the dog. She asked whether I wanted to keep one of them — I was thrilling for the sudden joy!‎ ‎【答案】1.去掉had ‎2.he→she ‎3.as→like ‎4.but→and ‎5.comfortably→comfortable ‎6.next之前加the ‎7.excite→excitement ‎8.that→who ‎9.dog→dogs ‎10.thrilling→thrilled ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者无意中收留了史密斯家的狗，第二天发现她生了小狗。而当史密斯太太前来将狗接走感谢并询问我是否想要收养一只小狗时，作者感到了无比的喜悦。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查时态。句意：有一天，当我走回家的时候，我听到身后有响声。分析可知，文章为记叙文讲述过去发生的事情，应是一般过去时。故将had去掉。‎ ‎2.考查人称代词。句意：这是一只漂亮的狗，它跟着我回家。结合语境可知，这里的狗是一位“狗妈妈”，且呼应后文的人称she。故将he改为she。‎ ‎3.考查介词。句意：爸爸很惊讶，说她看起来像史密斯家的宠物狗。look like - 26 -‎ ‎，看起来像，固定结构。故将as改为like。‎ ‎4.考查连词。句意：意识到她很累，我给她洗了个澡，陪着她直到她感觉舒服为止。分析可知，前后动作gave her a bath和kept her company之间应是并列顺承关系，应用并列连词and连接。故将but改为and。‎ ‎5.考查形容词。句意：意识到她很累，我给她洗了个澡，陪着她直到她感觉舒服为止。felt为感官系动词，之后接形容词作表语。故将comfortably改为comfortable。‎ ‎6.考查冠词。句意：第二天早上，当我发现她带着四只可爱的小狗时，我大吃一惊。结合语境可知“第二天早上”应是特指事件发生的第二天早上，之前应用定冠词the。故在next之前加the。‎ ‎7.考查名词。句意：我兴奋极了。great为形容词，之后接名词。故将excite改为excitement。‎ ‎8.考查定语从句。句意：不久，爸爸把史密斯太太领了进来，她感谢我们照顾狗。分析可知，此处“that thanked us for taking care of the dog(dogs)”为之前名词Mrs. Smith的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故将that改为who。‎ ‎9.考查名词。句意：不久，爸爸把史密斯太太领了进来，她感谢我们照顾狗。结合语境可知，这里的“狗”应指“狗妈妈”和刚出生的“狗宝宝”，应用名词复数。故将dog改为dogs。‎ ‎10.考查形容词。句意：她问我是否想养其中的一个——我为这突如其来的喜悦而激动不已!分析可知，thrilling和thrilled均为形容词，-ing结尾的形容词多修饰事物；-ed结尾形容词多修饰人。这里的主语为“I”，应用-ed结尾的形容词。故将thrilling改为thrilled。‎ ‎【点睛】改错技巧之指代不一致 代词的指代不一致在短文改错题中属于高频错误，仔细阅读比较容易看出。比如文章的第2处错误：‎ It was a pretty dog, and he followed me home. Dad was surprised, saying she looked as the Smiths’ pet dog.‎ 根据后文的提示，这里跟着作者的狗是一个“狗妈妈”，而且后文一直在使用“she”指代它。考虑人称要保持一致，可以判断“It was a pretty dog, and he followed me home.”中he用错，应该改为she。‎ 第二节 书面表达（共25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你收到外国朋友Peter的邮件，他想了解你校在新冠疫情（COVID-19‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ epidemic）期间线上教学的情况。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 课程与时间；‎ ‎2. 你的学习状态；‎ ‎3. 你的期待。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Peter,‎ I’m so glad to hear from you and know what you are doing these days. ‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Best wishes,‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ I’m so glad to hear from you and know about what you are doing these days. I’m writing to tell you how our schooling is now going on.‎ Actually, we are having e-learning at home, studying in the “classroom in the air” all the academic and non-academic subjects. The holiday schedule runs from 8:00 am till 4:30 pm on work day, with more and longer breaks for rest than usual.‎ Personally, I’ve got used to online learning, which I think is a creative form of schooling, and also our own way to fight the COVID-19 epidemic. We’ve come to realize how important computers and mobile phones have become to us! But I really miss the days with my friends and teachers on campus. That’s why I pray for the end of the epidemic every day, and I believe it’ll soon come.‎ Best wishes,‎ Yours,‎ - 26 -‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，介绍新冠疫情期间的学习状况和自己的期待。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 结构：三段式。第一段提出写信目的；第二段介绍疫情期间的线上教学情况；第三段介绍个人状态和期待。‎ 要求：1.写信目的（how our schooling is now going on）‎ ‎ 2.线上教学情况 ‎ 课程与时间（academic and non-academic subjects；holiday schedule）‎ ‎ 3.个人状态和期待 ‎ 1）适应情况（get used to; realize）‎ ‎ 2）期待（miss; the end of the epidemic）‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ be going on; classroom in the air; get used to; on campus; pray for 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. I’m writing to tell you how our schooling is now going on.‎ ‎2. Actually, we are having e-learning at home, studying in the “classroom in the air” all the academic and non-academic subjects.‎ ‎3.Personally, I’ve got used to online learning, which I think is a creative form of schooling, and also our own way to fight the COVID-19 epidemic.‎ ‎4. That’s why I pray for the end of the epidemic every day, and I believe it’ll soon come.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 - 26 -‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。‎ ‎1.作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如：‎ ‎1)I’m writing to tell you how our schooling is now going on.( 我写信是想告诉你我们学校现在情况。)这句话运用了how引导的宾语从句。‎ ‎2)I’ve got used to online learning, which I think is a creative form of schooling, and also our own way to fight the COVID-19 epidemic.( 我已经习惯了网上学习，我认为这是一种创造性的教育形式，也是我们自己对抗新冠疫情的方式。)这句话运用了which引导非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎3)That’s why I pray for the end of the epidemic every day, and I believe it’ll soon come.( 这就是为什么我每天都祈祷疫情的结束，我相信它很快就会到来。)这句话运用了why引导表语从句。‎ ‎2.使用了一些固定词组，如be going on; classroom in the air; get used to; on campus; pray for等。‎ 全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 26 -‎ - 26 -‎