2018-2019学年福建省龙岩市非一级达标校高一上学期期末教学质量检查英语试题（解析版）

2018-2019学年福建省龙岩市非一级达标校高一上学期期末教学质量检查英语试题（解析版）

龙岩市非一级达标校2018～2019学年第一学期期末高一教学质量检查 英语试题 ‎（考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分）‎ 注意：请将试题的全部答案填写在答题卡上。‎ 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. How many pills (药片) does the woman take every day?‎ A. Two. B. Six. C. Eight.‎ ‎2. Where does the woman come from?‎ A. China. B. France. C. Canada.‎ ‎3. What are the two speakers talking about?‎ A. Homework. B. A course. C. An exam.‎ ‎4. What does the man advise the woman to do?‎ A. Ask the conductor. B. Get off immediately. C. Check the map.‎ ‎5. What is the relationship between the two speakers?‎ A. Customer and waiter. B. Teacher and student. C. Boss and employee.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。‎ ‎6. What are the speakers doing now?‎ A. Having breakfast.‎ B. Drinking coffee.‎ C. Shopping in the supermarket.‎ ‎7. What is the best in this shop according to the man?‎ A. French bread. B. French toast. C. Fried eggs.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。‎ ‎8. Why are there errors (错误) in the man’s children’s homework?‎ A. They’re careless.‎ B. They’re fascinated by TV programs.‎ C. They don’t study hard.‎ ‎9. What should his children do according to the man?‎ A. Read more good books.‎ B. Play more computer games.‎ C. Listen to beautiful music.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。‎ ‎10. What day is it today?‎ A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday.‎ ‎11. Why does the man want to see Dr. Smith?‎ A. He hurt his arms. B. He broke his legs. C. He hurt his feet.‎ ‎12. What will the man do in the end?‎ A. Wait for Dr. Smith at home.‎ B. Come to the office right away.‎ C. Take off the paint can himself.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。‎ ‎13. What is the man?‎ A. A writer. B. A hotel manager. C. A reporter.‎ ‎14. What did the woman with her friends go to Dalian for?‎ A. Summer holiday. B. National Day. C. Labor Day.‎ ‎15. What was the woman disappointed with?‎ A. The food.‎ B. The room.‎ C. The attitude (态度) of the guide.‎ ‎16. What do you know about the woman?‎ A. She didn’t want to answer the man’s questions.‎ B. She may go to Dalian again.‎ C. She would never visit Dalian again.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。‎ ‎17. What is the topic of the discussion?‎ A. Wealth (财富). B. Future. C. Happiness.‎ ‎18. How do many students wish to get a lot of wealth?‎ A. From their parents.‎ B. By working hard.‎ C. By improving themselves.‎ ‎19. What is the speaker’s attitude towards most students’ ideas?‎ A. Agreeable. B. Disagreeable. C. Unsure.‎ ‎20. What is the most valuable to the speaker?‎ A. Money and wealth. B. Knowledge. C. Health.‎ 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Finding a Job ‎1. In which job do you need to speak a foreign language?‎ A. Advert A. B. Advert B.‎ C. Advert C. D. Advert D ‎2. Which job is suitable for those who are busy during the weekdays?‎ A. A babysitter. B. A newspaper deliverer.‎ C. Working in a café. D. Working in a museum shop.‎ ‎3. Who are these job adverts mainly designed for?‎ A. Parents. B. Teenagers.‎ C. Full-time workers. D. English speakers.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章发布了四则兼职工作的招聘启事，广告分别为：Babysitter needed；Newspaper round before school; holiday job; Munchies café part-time work。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。C广告里提到“We need French, Spanish or German speakers to work us…”可知C广告需要应聘者会说一门外语，故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 判断推理题。题意为哪种工作适合在工作日繁忙的人，推理得到哪种工作时间为周六和周日。对比四则广告可知只有Working in a café的工作时间为周六早上八点到下午四点，适合题目中提到工作日繁忙的人，故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。本题可以运用排除法得出。题意为这些工作招聘广告是主要是针对哪些人，A广告和B广告提到了“after school放学后”与“before school上学前”，故可知是针对青少年，而C广告提到了需要会说法语、西班牙语或者德语，所以只说英语是不符合要求的，故排除D选项；而第一二则广告提到了周内也要工作，故不适合有全职工作的人，故排除C。四则广告并没有提到要求是针对“父母”的，故排除A。综上最后选B。‎ B In Europe, there is no escape for those who do not appreciate art and architecture(建筑). It is a heaven for people who want to feel like they have been transported to famous historical time periods from America. For me, Europe was a complete contrast from America. London and France had a more royal feel than New York, and Rome felt more ancient. I wasn’t just on a different continent; it felt like I was in a different century.‎ My parents and I visited London, Paris and Rome this summer in celebration of the end of my ‎ high school experience. It was supposed to be a break from a life as busy as a bee in New York, the constant stress, the crowded subway rides, and the weary body that had accompanied me for the last four years. It was an opportunity to appreciate Europe the way I couldn’t do it just by reading history books.‎ My favorite parts of London were the Tower of London and the Churchill War Rooms. As a site of past executions(刑场), the Tower of London displayed punishing devices from the 16th and 17th century and told stories of various members of the royal family who had ever been imprisoned in the tower, some even imprisoned by their own family members when they were seen as a threat to the crown. Besides that, I also got to see the royal family’s crown jewels, amazingly beautiful.‎ The Churchchill War Rooms, though very different from the Tower of London, were also spellbinding from a historic perspective. I am not a history fan, but I enjoy museums, and I took fancy in the Churchchill Museum inside the War Rooms that detailed the events of Churchchill’s life and World War II. Everything I saw in it built up his life from his childhood to his last years, creating a three-dimensional Churchchill in my mind who was a person just like myself. He longed for more, he made mistakes, he experienced loneliness and sadness. But he had also done some remarkable things like uniting Britain during World War II.‎ Our rewarding trip ended in Rome a couple of days later.‎ ‎4. What does the underlined word “contrast” in Paragraph1 mean?‎ A. Something different. B. Something artistic.‎ C. Something similar. D. Something faraway.‎ ‎5. Which of the following can best describe the writer’s life in New York?‎ A. Relaxing and peaceful. B. Stressful and tiring.‎ C. Joyful but busy. D. Boring but successful.‎ ‎6. What can be learned from Para 3?‎ A. The Tower of London is a symbol of peace.‎ B. The royal family members used to live in harmony.‎ C. The Tower of London witnessed changes of royal families.‎ D. Visitors could buy the crown jewels in Churchill War Rooms.‎ ‎7. What really got the writer spellbound in the Churchill Museum?‎ A. The unique architecture. B. World War Two.‎ C. Churchill’s achievements. D. Churchill’s real life.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者和父母为了庆祝作者高中毕业的一次欧洲行。作者游览过程中对比发现了欧洲和美国的与众不同之处，并介绍了伦敦塔和丘吉尔博物馆两个领作者印象深刻的景点。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据划线部分句子“Europe was a complete contrast from America.”句意：欧洲与美国完全不同。可知contrast意思为“对比；不同；差别”，故选A。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 判断推理题。根据第二段第二句“It was supposed to be a break from a life as busy as a bee in New York, the constant stress, the crowded subway rides, and the weary body that had accompanied me for the last four years.”可知作者在纽约过去四年的生活是疲惫而充满压力的，故选B。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第三段第二句“the Tower of London displayed punishing devices from the 16th and 17th century and told stories of various members of the royal family who had ever been imprisoned in the tower, some even imprisoned by their own family members when they were seen as a threat to the crown.”可知伦敦塔见证了许多皇室家庭的变迁，故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。最后一段中“Everything I saw in it built up his life from his childhood to his last years, creating a three-dimensional Churchchill in my mind who was a person just like myself.”可知作者在丘吉尔博物馆看到的从丘吉尔童年期直到他最后几年的生活，在作者脑中构建了一个三维立体的丘吉尔形象，这正是让作者着迷的地方。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题 猜词技巧 阅读理解的测试中经常有猜测词、短语、习语意义的题目，这些词、短语、习语要么是生词，要么是熟词新义，单靠平时积累是不够的，还要掌握一定的做题技巧。总结如下：‎ ‎(1)根据构词法(转化、合成、派生)进行判断；‎ ‎(2) 根据文中的定义、解释猜生词；利用事例或解释猜生词；利用重复解释的信息猜生词。如第一小题可根据后文：London and France had a more royal feel than New York, and Rome felt more ancient.，伦敦与法国比纽约更有皇家气息，而罗马感觉更为古老，伦敦、法国与罗马都属于欧洲国家，纽约属于美国的城市，故分别代表了欧洲与美国的对比。‎ ‎(3)根据上下文的指代关系进行选择：文章中的代词it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。‎ ‎ (4)根据转折或对比关系进行判断：根据上下句的连接词，如but，however，otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。‎ ‎(5)根据因果关系进行判断：俗话说，“有因必有果，有果必有因”。根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。‎ ‎ (6)根据同位关系进行判断：阅读中有时出现新词、难词，后面就跟着一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，有时这种解释也用连词“or”连接。‎ ‎（7）利用标点符号和提示词猜测词义。分号（；）还可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。破折号表示解释说明。‎ C My sister and I were flying by ourselves from our home in Kansas to a summer camp in Minnesota. Our plane had a two-hour stop at the airport in Omaha, Nebraska. A flight attendant took us to a souvenir shop, where a toy airplane looked just like the plane my sister and I were flying on. I really wanted that airplane. I had $10 and the plane cost $8. I had no idea what I needed to buy at camp, but I bought the plane anyway. When we reached the camp, I discovered that there were no showers! Instead, we bathed in a lake every night. I needed to buy special soap because the regular soap I brought had chemicals that could harm the fish. The special soap cost $4 at the camp store. However, I had only $2 left.‎ What upset me was that I couldn’t get clean without the soap, which was soon found by my teacher, Sally. I had to tell her that I had spent most of my money on a toy airplane. She laughed and explained to me that a budget was necessary and it was a plan for spending money to help make sure you set aside enough for things you need, like soap, before you buy fun things, like toys.‎ Sally gave me one of her extra(额外的) bottles of special soap. When I returned home, I decided to budget. I spent several weeks writing down everything I bought, just to get an idea of how I was already spending my money. Then I made my first weekly budget. My budget wasn’t always the same each week. For some weeks, I would have more in my “Money In” account because I did some jobs around the house. Once summer vacation started, I didn’t need to buy school lunches, so I had extra money to go to the neighborhood swimming pool or to give to the town animal shelter.‎ Budgeting was hard, sometimes. Whatever week it was, I always made sure that “Money In” equaled “Save and Spend.” That’s called making ends meet, and it’s how you make sure that ‎ the money you have will always be enough to cover your plans to spend and save.‎ ‎8. Why did Sally give the writer one bottle of her special soap?‎ A. The writer’s usual soap did harm to his skin.‎ B. The writer needed to take showers at the camp.‎ C. The writer turned to Sally for it to get clean.‎ D. The writer’s money couldn't cover the special soap.‎ ‎9. What did the writer learn about at the camp?‎ A. Spending and saving money. B. Getting along with others.‎ C. Making more money. D. Planning his daily life.‎ ‎10. What can be the best title for the text?‎ A. My Summer Camp B. My Weekly Budget C. My Special Soap D. My Lonely Flight ‎【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者和妹妹一次去参加夏令营时，作者因为花钱买了玩具飞机而没有钱买香皂，最后是老师Sally送了一瓶给她，并告诉他们制定预算的重要性。因此作者回去以后开始制定自己的预算计划，来达到收支平衡了的故事。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第一段最后一句“The special soap cost $4 at the camp store. However, I had only $2 left.”可知Sally给作者一瓶她的特制肥皂是因为作者身上钱不够。故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第三段第二句“When I returned home, I decided to budget.”可知作者从营地回来后，开始做预算，即作者在营地学会了要制定如何花钱和省钱的预算计划。故选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由文章内容可知本文主要讲述了作者由夏令营没钱买香皂的事得到了启发，而回去后自己开始制定预算计划的故事。故选B更符合题意。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Habits to Make You a Happy Person Habits remain the same even if everything around us is changing fast. ____11____ So they are beneficial to our achievements.‎ However, positive habits are hard to develop. People fail and make mistakes when making changes and trying new things. ____12____ That's just life and nothing to feel upset about. What you are supposed to do next is trying again, and develop the positive habits gradually. Here are three little habits that can make a big difference in your life.‎ ‎___13___ How you take care of yourself will make a difference in the quality of your life. The tiny habits of caring for your body and spirit will give you the energy to achieve your goals-plus increase your well-being.‎ Don’t forget to forgive others. Forgiving takes you one step closer to your happiness. Make a habit of not holding hatred(仇恨). It does nothing but hurts your own happiness and success. ____14____ Instead, you will be more likely to get relief and succeed.‎ Encourage yourself to be curious(好奇的). There is no stage in life when we can’t be learning something valuable. ____15____. And as long as you follow your heart and your curiosity, you won't miss out on learning. The habit of being curious means you will always benefit from life.‎ A. Try to be healthy.‎ B. Never forget to take notes.‎ C. Trying things again will bring you happiness.‎ D. Forgiving yourself doesn't mean you are a loser.‎ E. As long as you live, there will be something to learn.‎ F. They will probably not succeed the first time they do it.‎ G. Good habits can bring us happiness and help us to achieve our goals.‎ ‎【答案】11. G 12. F ‎ ‎13. A 14. D ‎ ‎15. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了三点能够使你成为一个快乐的人的良好习惯。包括：保持健康；原谅他人以及时刻保持好学和好奇心。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 本句位于段落中间，有承上启下的作用。上文提到了“即使我们周围的一切都在快速变化，习惯保持不变”，而下文提到了“有益于成就”，上文提到了“习惯”，而下文强调“有益”，综合两者可推理得知应是“好的习惯可以帮助我们实现目标”，故选G。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 上文提到“人们在尝试新事物，做出改变的时候会失败和犯错”，即一开始的时候人们可能并不会成功。故可对应F选项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 本空位于段首，有总起全段的作用。而根据第三段最后一句“The tiny habits of caring for your body and spirit will give you the energy to achieve your goals-plus increase your well-being.”可知照顾你的身体和精神的小习惯会给你实现目标的能量，即建议关心自己的身体，并保持健康，故可对应A选项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 本段第一句指出“不要忘记去原谅别人”，本段关键字“forgive”可对应到D选项“原谅自己并不意味着你就是个失败者。”且与后文“Instead, you will be more likely to get relief and succeed.”（相反，你将更有可能获得解脱和成功。）形成对应关系。故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 本段指出要鼓励自己保持好奇，持续学习。本小题后as long as you follow your heart and your curiosity, you won't miss out on learning.中“as long as”与E选项中“As long as you live”形成排比句式，意思为：只要你活着，就会有东西可学。只要你跟随自己的内心和好奇心，你就不会错过学习的机会。顺通连贯，故选E。‎ 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It was 12:45 p.m. on January 2, 2007. Fifty-year-old Wesley Autrey was ___16___ the train at a subway station in New York. His two daughters, aged four and six, were with him.‎ ‎___17___, a sick man fell on the platform (站台). The man, 20-year-old Cameron Hollopeter, got up, but then ___18___ again — this time, onto the track between the two rails. A ___19___ was coming into the station. It was a(n) ___20___ moment. But Mr. Autrey wasn’t afraid. He ___21___the man, and he looked at the ___22___ that the man was in. It was about half a meter deep. And he___23___, “The train is going to travel over this man. ___24___ he tries to get up, the train will ___25___him. But if he lies on the ground and doesn’t ___26___, he’ll be OK.” So he knew he had to ___27___. And there was no time to think carefully.‎ He ___28___. Mr. Autrey lay on top of Mr. Hollopeter and kept him down on the ground. The train driver ___29___ them. He was afraid, but he couldn’t ___30___ in time. Five subway cars traveled over the two men before the train stopped.‎ The people on the platform were ___31___. When Mr. Autrey heard them screaming (尖叫), he shouted, “We’re OK down here, but I have two daughters up there. Let them ___32___ their father’s OK.” People on the platform clapped and ___33___. They were amazed at Mr. Autrey’s ___34___. Subway workers helped the two men out. They had no serious injuries.‎ Mr. Autrey said, “I didn’t do anything special. I just saw someone who needed ___35___. I did what I thought was right.”‎ ‎16. A. waiting for B. getting on C. sitting on D. getting off ‎17. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Quietly D. Finally ‎18. A. climbed B. fell C. ran D. walked ‎19. A. train B. car C. bus D. coach ‎20. A. historic B. exciting C. right D. frightening ‎21. A. pointed at B. glared at C. looked after D. looked at ‎22. A. hole B. station C. space D. seat ‎23. A. heard B. thought C. shouted D. suggested ‎24. A. Until B. Because C. Though D. If ‎25. A. pass B. kill C. leave D. take ‎26. A. sleep B. listen C. move D. rush ‎27. A. make a decision B. stand back C. have a rest D. hold on ‎28. A. understood B. smiled C. jumped D. practiced ‎29. A. saw B. encouraged C. saved D. praised ‎30. A. turn B. arrive C. change D. stop ‎31. A. shocked B. satisfied C. disappointed D. pleased ‎32. A. say B. know C. remember D. imagine ‎33. A. shook B. cheered C. cried D. sang ‎34. A. dream B. responsibility C. courage D. carefulness ‎35. A. help B. belief C. hope D. confidence ‎【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。这篇短文主要记述了奥特雷先生在等火车时，看到一位病人倒在了铁路上。火车眼看就要过来，因此他就跳起来把这个病人压在了身下，因此救了这个人一命。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. waiting for等候；B. getting on上车；C. sitting on坐在…；D. getting off下车。根据下文可知，奥特里带着两个女儿在等火车。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Quietly 安静地；D. Finally最后。根据下文的内容可知， 突然地，一个病人倒在站台上。故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. climbed爬；B. fell摔倒，掉下；C. ran 跑；D. walked散步。根据第二段第一句“a sick man fell on the platform”可知，但这个站起来后又倒下了――这次，是在两条铁轨之间。故选B 。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. train火车；B. car轿车；C. bus汽车；D. coach大巴。根据“The train is going to travel over this man. ___9___”可知，此处填火车，意为“火车正进站。”故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. historic 历史性的；B. exciting令人激动的；C. right正确的；D. frightening令人恐惧的。一个人倒在火车轨道上，此时火车正在进站，这是一件令人恐惧的（frightening）事。故选D。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. pointed at 指向；B. glared at怒目而视；C. looked after照顾；D. looked at看着。根据“He ___6___ the man, and he looked at the ___7___”可知，他看着那个人（looked at）。故选D ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. hole洞；B. station 车站； C. space空间；D. seat座位。根据后面的“.It was about half a meter deep”可知，根据“then_3_ again — this time, onto the track between the two rails这个人是掉在两条铁轨之间。此处是指“他看了那个人所掉下去所在的空间（space），大约半米深”。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. heard听见；B. thought认为，思考；C. shouted大声喊；D. suggested建议。看见火车马上就到了，所以他大喊（shouted）道：“火车要碾过那个人…”。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查连词。A. Until 一直到…；B. Because 因为； C. Though尽管；D. If如果。根据后面的“But if he lies on the ground and doesn’t ___11___, he’ll be OK.”可知，此处是指如果（if）他站起来，火车会压死他。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. pass经过；B. kill杀死；C. leave离开；D. take拿走。根据转折连词but及后一句“if he lies on the ground and doesn’t ___11___, he’ll be OK”可知，如果他起来，火车就会压死（kill）他，故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. sleep睡觉；B. listen听；C. move 移动，搬家；D. rush猛冲。此处是指“但如果他躺在地上不动（move），他就没事了。”故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. make a decision做出决定；B. stand back避开； C. have a rest 休息；D. hold on坚持，请稍候。根据后面的“他没时间认真考虑”及后面他的行为，可知，他不得不做出决定（make a decision）。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. understood理解；B. smiled微笑；C. jumped跳；D. practiced练习。根据文章可知，倒下的病人在火车的轨道上，轨道比地面低，所以奥特里要跳（jumped）下去，才能扑到那个人的身上，故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. saw看见；B. encouraged鼓励； C. saved挽救；D. praised表扬。根据后面的语境可知，火车司机看到（saw）他们，很害怕。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. turn转向；B. arrive 到达；C. change改变；D. stop停止。根据后面的内容可知，司机看见轨道上有人，却不能停车（stop），所以才会害怕。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. shocked震惊的；B. satisfied满意的；C. disappointed失望的；D. pleased高兴的。根据后面人们的尖叫（shocked），可知，站台上的人们都震惊了（shocked），故选A 。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. say说；B. know知道；C. remember 记得；D. imagine想像。根据语境可知，奥特里先生怕女儿担心，所以他大声喊，让女儿知道（know）他们父亲没事。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. shook摇，握手；B. cheered喝彩，加油；C. cried哭泣；D. sang唱歌。根据上一句“People on the platform clapped”可知，站台上的人们为他鼓掌，喝彩（cheered），故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. dream梦想；B. responsibility责任；C. courage 勇气；D. carefulness仔细，慎重。根据文中的描述，可知，跳到火车轨道救人确实需要勇气，因此“人们对奥特里先生的勇气（courage）感到惊讶”。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. help帮助；B. belief信仰，相信；C. hope希望；D. confidence信心。根据语境可知，奥特里认为他只是看到有人需要帮助（help），做了自己认为正确的事，故选A。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The world’s longest cross-sea bridge — Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HZMB) opened on October 24, 2018. The Guardian described it as one of the seven ___36___ (wonder) of the modern world. The HZMB, ___37___ links Hongkong and Macao to the Chinese mainland city of Zhuhai, began in 2009 and cost about 120 billion yuan. It’s designed ___38___ (have) a service life of 120 years, 20 years longer than most bridges. And it’s not only a bridge, but also part tunnel and part island.‎ In one section, the bridge turns into a 6.7km undersea tunnel that ___39___ (pass) through two man-made islands. The tunnel is ___40___ world’s longest undersea tunnel for road traffic, allowing large ships to continue passing through the sea area above the tunnel. The bridge’s engineers had to take many environmental factors ___41___ consideration in order to protect the surrounding environment while ___42___ (build) the bridge. Chinese white dolphins, an ___43___ (endanger) species living in this area, were a particular concern. The HZMB will make ___44___ much more convenient to shorten the travel time from HongKong to Zhuhai from four hours to about 45 minutes.‎ By drawing local cities and religions closer together, the bridge will aid the area’s development ___45___(great). It is expected to drive the economic development of Hongkong, Macao and nine Guangdong cities.‎ ‎【答案】36. wonders ‎ ‎37. which 38. to have ‎ ‎39. passes 40. the ‎ ‎41. into 42. building ‎ ‎43. endangered ‎ ‎44. it 45. greatly ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了连接香港、珠海和澳门的港珠澳大桥的修建过程，以及建成后预计对周边地区的影响。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。句意：它被形容为“世界七大奇迹”之一。Wonder本空为可数名词，理解为“奇迹”，被seven修饰，故用复数形式wonders。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查定语从句连接词。本空为定语从句修饰先行词The HZMB，先行词在定语从句中做主语，指物，故用关系代词which。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：它的设计使用寿命为120年。本句已经存在谓语动词is designed，且句中没有连词，故have只能做非谓语动词，此处“被设计”的目的是“为了使寿命达到120年”，故不定式表目的填to have。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：在其中一部分，大桥变成了6.7公里长的海底隧道，穿过两个人工岛。本句为定语从句修饰先行词tunnel，故pass在从句中充当谓语动词，本句为描述一般客观性事实，故用一般现在时，且主语tunnel为单数，故填入一般现在时的第三人称单数形式passes。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：这条隧道是世界上最长的海底公路隧道。后文world’s longest为最高级，前面应该添加冠词the。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：这座桥的工程师在建造时必须考虑许多环境因素来保护周围的环境。固定短语take into……consideration“将……考虑其中”，故填介词into。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词had，且句中没有连词，故build指能做非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语engineers构成主谓关系，故用现在分词形式building。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：一种生活在该地区的濒危物种。Species为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，故用endangered。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：港珠澳大桥将使它连接的三个地区之间的交通更加方便。Make后需要跟形式宾语it来指代后面的真正宾语。故填it。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：这座桥将大大有助于该地区的发展。Aid为动词，由副词修饰，故填greatly。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节概要写作（满分15分）‎ ‎46.阅读短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ The way of Chinese people’s life has been changed through the China’s “New Four Great Inventions”. What are “New Four Great Inventions”？They are High-speed rail, Shared bike, Online shopping and AliPay.‎ What did the China’s “New Four Great Inventions” bring to us？‎ High-speed rail—Modern transportation makes everybody neighbors. The invention of the high-speed railway makes it easy to thousands of miles a day. Today China’s rail transit technology is the best, the China’s daily average of 4, 000 trains, sending about 4.6 million passengers.‎ Shared bike—Short walks become more convenient and faster, and carbon missions are reduced, which is friendly to the environment. You can download the APP about shared bikes, pay some money, then you can use bicycles everywhere in the street. The Chinese shared bicycle programs have been becoming more and more popular.‎ Online shopping—Don’t need to go out to find the needs for living. Online shopping, as the name implies, is to pay money online. Purchases(购买物) can be sent home. China has 751 million internet users, 724 million mobile phone users; total transactions (销售额) on November 11 and December 12 hit a record high every year. Online shopping lets Chinese internet users enjoy “shopping carnival” every day.‎ Alipay—A software which can replace cash payment. With intelligence phones’ popularization, AliPay has become an indispensable (不可或缺的) APP. Through scanning the “QR code”, AliPay wants to realize the ambition of “replacing cash payments” gradually. On 11 November 2018, both the mobile payment account and the transaction reached 213.5 billion.‎ There is no doubt that China has already used its own power of “New Four Great Inventions” to become the great powerful technological country, showing the power of China once again.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】China’s new “Four Great Inventions”— High-speed rail, Shared bike, Online shopping and AliPay have changed Chinese people’s life. High-speed rail makes trips faster than before. Meanwhile, Shared bike lets the short walks become faster, more convenient and environmentally friendly. Online shopping creates many business opportunities on the internet and Alipay will gradually replace cash payment. Without doubt, new four inventions contribute to a great and powerful technological China.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇概要写作应用文。‎ ‎【详解】如何提取要点，注意事项。‎ 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国新的“四大发明”：高速铁路，共享单车，网上购物和支付宝。文章结构为总分总结构。‎ 第一、二段总起全文，介绍了中国新的“四大发明”，因此围绕这一句话可以展开概述。‎ 第三、四、五和第六段详细介绍新的“四大发明”。第四段介绍高速铁路，其中“The invention of the high-speed railway makes it easy to thousands of miles a day.”指出高速铁路的发明使得交通更加快速，故可根据本句进行概述为High-speed rail makes trips faster than before.；第五段介绍共享单车“Short walks become more convenient and faster, and carbon missions are reduced, which is friendly to the environment.”指出共享单车使短途行走变得更加方便快捷，减少了碳排放任务，对环境友好。故可根据本句进行概述为Shared bike lets the short walks become faster, more convenient and environmentally friendly.；第五段介绍了网上购物，指出“total transactions (销售额) on November 11 and December 12 hit a record high every year.”高额的销售额意味着更多的商业机会；第六段介绍支付宝“A software which can replace cash payment.”可替代现金支付，故可根据本句进行概括为Alipay will gradually replace cash payment. 。‎ 最后一段阐述新“四大发明”对中国的影响为：become the great powerful technological country。‎ 第二节应用文写作（满分25分）‎ ‎47.假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Mary打算到中国留学，给你发邮件，向你询问学习汉语的方法，请你写封邮件给她回复。‎ 要点如下：‎ ‎1. 英语与汉语学习有区别；‎ ‎2. 学好汉语的建议；‎ ‎3. 你的祝愿。‎ 注意：1. 词数 100 左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Mary,‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Mary,‎ I am glad to know that you are coming to China for further study. As you are eager to learn Chinese well within a short time, I would like to offer some suggestions to you.‎ Firstly, you should have passion to learn Chinese. Besides, watching Chinese movies and listening to Chinese songs can make the learning process much more interesting. As a famous saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.” You should keep practicing it as much as possible. Why not find a native speaker as a language partner, and meet him/her on a regular basis?‎ I do hope you will find these proposals practical. Best wishes!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；你的英国朋友Mary打算到中国留学，给你发邮件，向你询问学习汉语的方法，请你写封邮件给她回复。要点如下：1. 英语与汉语学习有区别；2. 学好汉语的建议；3. 你的祝愿。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：further study （进一步学习），be eager to（渴望……），within a short time（短期内），have passion to（拥有热情），Practice makes perfect.（熟能生巧），as much as possible（尽可能多地），a native speaker（以汉语为母语的人），proposals practical（实用的建议）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ 本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I am glad to know that you are coming to China for further study. 运用宾语从句；watching Chinese movies and listening to Chinese songs can make the learning process much more interesting. 现在分词做主语，使句式变换多样。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎