2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Alandofdiversity同步练习 人教版选修8

2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Alandofdiversity同步练习 人教版选修8

Unit 1 A land of diversity 一、语基必备知识 ‎ (一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意 ‎1．strait n．　　 　　　　　　 海峡 ‎2．Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的 ‎3．federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的 ‎4．nephew n. 侄子；外甥 ‎5．vice n．& adj. 代理；副职 ‎6．shave vt.& vi. 刮；剃 ‎7．bakery n. 面包房；面包厂 ‎8．seagull n. 海鸥 ‎9．cattle n. 牛(总称)‎ ‎10．mourn vt.& vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 ‎11．authority n. 权威；权力 ‎(pl.) 当局；官方 ‎12．rail n. 铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条 ‎13．percentage n. 百分比；百分率 ‎14．pole n. 地极；电极；磁极 ‎15．justice n. 正义；公平 ‎16．insert vt. 插入；嵌入 Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．despite prep.　　　　　　 尽管；不管 ‎2．hardship n. 苦难；困苦 ‎3．occur vi. 发生；出现 ‎4．luggage n. 行李(〈美〉baggage)‎ ‎5．thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的 ‎6．boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期 ‎7．civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的 ‎8．hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用 ‎9．grasp vt.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会 23‎ ‎10．thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的 ‎11．reform vt.& vi. 改革；革新 n. 改革；改造；改良 ‎12．nowhere adv. 无处；到处都无 ‎13．customs n. 海关；关税；进口税 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 ‎1．distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的→distinction n．差别；区分；卓著 ‎2．immigrant n．(从外国移入的)移民→immigrate vi.移入(外国定居)→immigration n．移民；移居入境 ‎3．mean v．意思是；意味着 adj.吝啬的；卑鄙的→means n．手段；方法→meaning n．意思；意义→meaningful__adj.有意义的　‎ ‎4．major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n．专业→majority n．大多数；大半→minority n．少数 ‎5．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→election n．选举 ‎6．race n．种族；竞争→racial adj.人种的；种族的 ‎7．cross n．十字；交叉 adj.交叉的；生气的 v．使交叉；横过→crossing n．横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道→across prep.在……对面 ‎8．apply vi.申请→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请书；申请 ‎9．indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→indication n．迹象；标示；预兆；暗示→indicator n．指示器；指示信号 ‎10．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地 ‎11．conduct v．管理→conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥 ‎12．slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n．滑动；滑倒 →slippery adj.滑的　‎ ‎13．punish vt.处罚；惩罚→punishment n．处罚；惩罚 ‎14．society n．社会→social adj.社会的→socialist n．社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的→socialism n．社会主义　‎ ‎1.后缀“or”表示“人”的高频名词 ‎①conductor　　　 (公车)售票员；‎ ‎ 列车员；(乐队)指挥 ‎②translator 翻译家；译者 ‎③director 导演；主管 23‎ ‎④educator 教育工作者 ‎⑤operator 操作员；接线员 ‎⑥inventor 发明家；发明者 ‎2.带后缀ing的名词集锦 ‎①crossing　　　　 横渡；横越；十字 ‎ 路口；人行横道 ‎②training 训练 ‎③feeling 感觉 ‎④wedding 婚礼 ‎⑤marketing 促销 ‎⑥engineering 工程 ‎3.与“雇用；辞退”有关的词汇 ‎①hire vt.& n．　　 雇用 ‎②employ vt. 雇用 ‎③take on 雇用 ‎④fire vt. 解雇；开除 ‎⑤dismiss vt. 解雇；开除 ‎⑥lay off 解雇 ‎ (二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．live__on　　　　　　　　 继续存在；继续生存 ‎2．by__means__of...__ 用……办法；借助……‎ ‎3．make__a__life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 ‎4．keep__up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)‎ ‎5．back__to__back 背靠背 ‎6．team__up__with 与……合作或一起工作 ‎7．mark__out 用线画出范围；标出……界线 ‎8．take__in 包括；吸收 ‎9．a__great/good__many 许多；很多 ‎10．apply__for 申请；请示得到 ‎1.“v.＋out”结构的短语荟萃 ‎①mark out　　　　　 用线画出范围；标出……界线 ‎②work out 锻炼；解决；算出；理解 23‎ ‎③turn out 结果是；证明是 ‎④cut out 删去；停止；切断 ‎⑤make out 理解；辨认出 ‎⑥come out 出版；开花 ‎2.“名词＋to＋名词”短语一览 ‎①heart to heart　　　　　 心连心地 ‎②back to back 背靠背地 ‎③face to face 面对面地 ‎④mouth to mouth 口对口地 ‎⑤knee to knee 促膝地 ‎⑥shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地 ‎ (三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：“介词＋what”引导宾语从句 Exactly when the first people arrived__in__what we now know as California, no one really knows.　最早一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在知道的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。‎ 句型2：it is likely that...有可能……‎ However, it__is__likely__that__Native__Americans__were__living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. ‎ 然而，可能至少在15 000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。‎ 句型3：This/That is why...为why引导的表语从句，意为“这/那就是……的原因”　‎ That__is__why__today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 　那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。‎ 句型4：It is believed that...人们认为……　‎ It__is__believed__that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. ‎ 人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显的、主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。‎ 二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 23‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate(显示) their choices and return to school.‎ ‎2．It was really thoughtful(体贴的) of you to remember my birthday and arrange a party.‎ ‎3．Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired(雇用) to make the images.‎ ‎4．Anyone who goes abroad will accept security check at the customs(海关)．‎ ‎5．In the meantime, mobile online shopping market was booming(繁荣) in China, with an annual growth rate of 63.5%.‎ ‎6．Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere (无处) else in the world can you find more attractive scenery than in Switzerland.‎ ‎7．(2019·江苏卷)Despite(尽管) their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics.‎ ‎8．Furthermore, punishment(punish) is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.‎ Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读B)Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. 急速发展的 ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空) A taste for meat is actually behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.牛 ‎3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ阅读C) Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes.飞机；飞行器 ‎4．(2017·江苏卷阅读A) CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the internet.迷人的；吸引人的 ‎5．(全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. 权威；权力 Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority)‎ ‎2．Donald Trump won the election and was elected president of the United 23‎ ‎ States.(elect)‎ ‎3．All the applicants can apply in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th. (apply)‎ ‎4．Apparently,__she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent)‎ Ⅳ.选词成篇 live on; by means of; make a life; date back to; keep up; apply for; a great/good many As we all know, the Chinese immigration into cities 1.dates__back__to 1980s. It is reported that 2.a__good__many farmers from the the countryside crowd into cities to support their family. After their arrival, the majority of them can 3.make__a__life in cities despite great hardship. Some even have 4.applied__for the right to live in cities and enjoy the same right as the local people, and others 5.keep__up their local customs to 6.live__on. In addition, not only have they made great contributions to the boom of the cities 7.__by__means__of__working hard but also live a happy life there. It occurs to me that it is the millions of laboring people who have made and are still making Chinese history.‎ Ⅴ.完成句子 ‎1．有可能我们的父母能更好地理解我们并给我们一些合理的建议。‎ It__is__likely__that our parents can understand us better and give us some reasonable advice. ‎ ‎2．(2019·江苏卷书面表达)这就是在这样的场合穿校服比穿传统的中国服装更好的原因。‎ That’s__why the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for such an occasion.‎ ‎3．人们认为不吃早饭的青少年不仅容易在课堂上睡觉而且也不能专心听课，这自然会导致他们在考试中的成绩不好。‎ It__is__believed__that__teenagers__without__having__breakfast__will__not__only__fall__asleep__easily__in__class,__but concentrate less on lessons, which of course results in their bad performance in exam.‎ ‎4．这幅画使我想起了我在那个村子里的经历。‎ The picture reminded me of__what__I__had__experienced__in__the__village．‎ 23‎ ‎ means　n．手段；方法 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ‎①Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing parttime jobs.‎ ‎②Every possible means has__been__tried(try), but none has worked.‎ ‎＝All possible means have__been__tried(try), but none has worked.‎ ‎③(2019·江苏卷书面表达)Besides，the choice of the traditional Chinese dress means(mean) extra money, and extra time, for we have to change it back after the event.‎ ‎④Students sometimes support themselves by__means__of__doing__parttime__jobs(通过做兼职工作)．‎ ‎[能力提升]——微写作 ‎⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)你最好事先练习用筷子，这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。‎ And you’d better practice using chopsticks in advance，which__is__also__a__means__of__showing__your__good__table__manners．‎ ‎ ‎(1)by this means　　 通过这种方法 by means of 用……办法；借助……‎ by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以　 ‎ by no means　　 决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)‎ ‎(2)a means of communication ‎ 一种通讯/交流工具 ‎(3)mean v. 意味着；意思是 ‎[佳句背诵] I wish that you could grasp this opportunity，which is a means of learning traditional Chinese culture further.　我希望你能抓住这个机会，这是进一步学习中国传统文化的一种途径。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)‎ ‎[名师点津] means是单复数同形的名词，其谓语动词的数取决于means 前的修饰语。‎ ‎ majority　n．大多数；大半 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①With the prices going up, the majority of people find(find) it hard to live on the amount of money they get.‎ 23‎ ‎②The majority were/was(be) on the England’s team, which greatly disappointed them.‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎③(普通表达)When it comes to education, most people believe that it is a lifetime study.‎ ‎(高级表达)When it comes to education, the__majority__of people believe that it is a lifetime study.‎ ‎ ‎(1)a/the majority of...　　　 大多数……‎ be in the majority 占大多数 ‎(2)major n．& v. 专业；主修 major in... 主修……‎ ‎(3)minority n. 少数 be in the minority 占少数 ‎　[佳句背诵] When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect the opinions of the majority.　当我有不同的意见时，我可能选择放弃，尊重大多数人的意见。‎ ‎ elect　vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①The government is made up of men and women elected(elect) by the people of the country.‎ ‎②If I am lucky enough to win the election(elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students’ afterclass activities.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③据说只有两名学生将被选出来去参加即将到来的英语演讲比赛。‎ It is said that only two students will__be__elected__to__take__part__in the coming English speech contest.‎ ‎ ‎(1)elect sb.(as/to be)＋职位＝Sb. be elected＋职位(职位前无冠词)‎ ‎(2)elect to do...　　　　　 选择/决定做……‎ ‎(3)election n. 选举　‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.　此外，我的英语很好以至于我当选为我英语老师的助理。‎ 23‎ ‎ occur　vi.发生；出现 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·天津卷)The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs(occur)．‎ ‎②It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③我突然想起我应该彻底打扫房间。‎ It__hit/struck/occurred__to__me__that__ I should give the rooms a thorough cleaning.‎ sth.occurs to sb.　　　　　 某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that...‎ ‎ 某人突然想起……‎ It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事。　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining how the idea occurred to you.　除了精彩的创新，你还需要提交一份报告，解释你是如何想到这个主意的。‎ 23‎ ‎ indicate　vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①There is a great deal of evidence indicating(indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the brain.‎ ‎②The way a person is dressed in is a good indication(indicate) of his/her character or personality.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③正如图画中显示，一个男孩坐在桌边专心读书。‎ As__is__indicated__in__the__picture,__a boy is sitting at the table, absorbed in reading.‎ ‎ ‎(1)indicate sth.(to sb.)　　 (向某人)指出/‎ ‎ 暗示某事 indicate that/whclause 表示……；示意……‎ ‎(2)indication n. 迹象；标示；‎ ‎ 预兆；暗示　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep.‎ 先前的研究也表明，牛奶有助于睡眠。‎ ‎ make a life　习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；创造生活 ‎ [基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①She has been looking for parttime babysitting jobs these days to__make(make) a living.‎ ‎②After the earthquake, the villagers tried their best to bring the village back to life.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 在接下来的三年，我们的学校生活将会非常具有挑战性，你要努力适应新的生活方式。‎ ‎③In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging and you will try to adapt__to__your__new__life．(adapt)‎ ‎④In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging and you will try to make__a__life__for__yourself．(life)‎ ‎ ‎(1)make/earn a/one’s living　 谋生 ‎(2)live/lead a(n) ...life 过着……生活 23‎ come (back) to life 苏醒；变得活跃； ‎ ‎ 恢复生气 bring...back to life 使……苏醒过来；给……活力　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] It is honorable to make a life with your hands while depending on others is a shame. ‎ 用自己的双手创造生活是光荣的，而依靠别人是可耻的。‎ ‎ take in　包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 ‎[一词多义]——写出下列句中take in的含义 ‎①(四川卷)The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.吸收 ‎②Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.欺骗 ‎③Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解 ‎④I managed to rent a house big enough to take in people.收留 ‎⑤The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括 take off　 脱去(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；突然成功 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间等)‎ take over 接收；接管；接任；取代 ‎[佳句背诵] I advise you to learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which will help you better take in the poems to be learned.‎ 我建议你提前了解唐代的历史，这会帮助你更好地理解你要学的诗歌。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)‎ ‎ This/That is why...为why引导的表语从句，意为“这/那就是……的原因”‎ ‎(教材P2)That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.　那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(全国卷Ⅱ)However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.‎ 23‎ ‎②He didn’t attend the meeting.That’s because he had an urgent thing to deal with.‎ ‎[能力提升]——微写作 ‎③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我们选择这部电影的原因是，它代表了我们亲爱的学校的发展，不仅有趣而且有意义。‎ The__reason__why__we__choose__this__movie__is__that it represents the development of our beloved school, which is not only interesting but also meaningful. ‎ ‎ ‎(1)this/that is because ...　 这/那是因为……‎ ‎(2)this is the reason why... 这就是……的原因 ‎(3)the reason why...is that... ‎ ‎ ……的原因是……(why引导定语从句)　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] I have a good command of English and am easy to get along with. That’s why I’m writing to apply for the job.‎ 我英语很好，很容易相处。这就是我写信申请这份工作的原因。(2018·浙江卷6月应用文写作) ‎ ‎ It is believed that...人们认为……‎ ‎(教材P3)It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.‎ 人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显的、主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①It__is generally believed that IT has both advantages and disadvantages.‎ ‎②She is believed to__be(be) one of the best tennis players of China.‎ ‎[能力提升]——句型转换 ‎③It is believed that education is the most important issue facing the government.‎ ‎→Education is__believed__to__be the most important issue facing the government.‎ ‎ ‎(1)类似结构还有：‎ It is said/thought/reported/hoped/agreed/proved that...‎ 据说/大家认为/据报道/大家希望/据同意/据证实……‎ ‎(2)以上结构可以改为下列两种简单句形式：‎ ‎①Sb./Sth.＋be＋believed/said/thought/reported to do sth.(hope除外)‎ 23‎ ‎②People/Sb.＋believe/say/think/report＋that...　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] It is said that the retired old man has taken in many homeless children.‎ ‎ 据说这位退休老人收养了许多无家可归的孩子。‎ Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)‎ ‎1．Great changes have taken place since our country reformed(reform) and opened to the outside world 40 years ago.‎ ‎2．On his arrival(arrive) in Beijing, he gave his mother a call at once.‎ ‎3．With the tourist trade booming(boom), the residents of this area are paying more attention to the protection of nature.‎ ‎4．Apparently(apparent), we can’t stress enough the importance of protecting the environment.‎ ‎5．Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive punishment(punish)．‎ ‎6．The majority of the interviewees prefer(prefer) watching TV at home to going to the cinema.‎ ‎7．We didn’t know how he would react to those events occurring(occur) in the neighbourhood.‎ ‎8．On his 80th birthday, I sent him a letter, noting the things we all should be thankful(thank) for—good health, good friends and good outcomes.‎ Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)‎ ‎1．He is addicted to computer games; that’s why he has to drop out of school.‎ ‎2．She had looked everywhere for her children, but they were nowhere to__be__found(find), which made her very worried.‎ ‎3．It’s said that nonsmokers who take in the air polluted by tobacco smoke suffer more than the smokers themselves.‎ ‎4．In many countries, young people still keep__up the tradition that women will get married in a long white dress.‎ ‎5．Mr. Brown sent an email to the manager, applying__for a job in the company.‎ Ⅲ.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)‎ ‎1．The majority of the students has passed their biology exam.has→have 23‎ ‎2．Every means have been used to help him fit in with his new friends.have→has ‎3．The shopkeeper also managed an inn and hired with several men to work for him.删除with ‎4．A great many of people gain a great deal of information from the Internet.删除第一个of ‎5．Having punished by his boss, he was in a very bad mood.在Having后加been Ⅳ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)‎ ‎1．I’m sorry I missed your birthday; it’s completely slipped my mind.v.忘记 ‎2．They failed to grasp the full meaning of the manager’s words.v.理解 ‎3．Please weigh the advantages and disadvantages of doing this！v.权衡；斟酌 提能一　语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)‎ Ma Xianfu 1.was__elected(elect) as head of township in 1987. To lead the villagers to get rich, he even had hair 2.shaved(shave) off to show his determination. He was one of those who first 3.grasped(grasp) the country’s policy of opening up to the outside world. By 4.reforming(reform) the management system, the local companies were 5.booming(boom). Unfortunately, an accident 6.occurred(occur)．One day, he 7.slipped(slip) on the icy road, and then a car ran him over. People from all sides gathered 8.to__mourn(mourn) the outstanding leader. After his death, many companies began to slide, 9. hiring(hire) fewer and fewer workers. The story 10.indicates(indicate) that a good leader plays a vital role in local economic development. ‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ 假设你是李华，你们班计划去云台山游玩，请你写信邀请朋友Tom一起游玩。内容包括：①提出邀请；②交通方式、集合地点、出发时间和费用安排；③表达愿望。‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)‎ ‎①我们班大多数同学选择本周六去云台山游玩，我想邀请你和我们一起。‎ As__the__majority__of__our__class__elect__to__visit__Yuntai__Mountain this Saturday, I’d like to invite you to join us.‎ ‎②我们想到我们可以一起租车去那里，这显然能节省很多钱。‎ It__occurs__to__us__that__we__can__team__up__to__hire__a__bus__to__go__there. That can__apparently__save__us__much__money．‎ ‎③我们7：00在校门口集合，7：20出发。‎ 23‎ We__will__meet__at__our__school__gate__at__7：00__and__set__off__at__7：20.‎ ‎④周六早上，我们攀登茱萸峰，下午游玩红岩谷，晚上玩游戏。‎ On Saturday morning we’ll__climb Zhuyu Peak. We’d like to travel through Red Rock Valley that afternoon and play__games__at__night．‎ ‎⑤周日早上看完瀑布之后我们返程。‎ After__seeing__the__waterfall on Sunday morning, we’ll return.‎ ‎⑥全部花费包括公交车费、门票和住宿，因此我想确认多少学生参加。‎ The__total__cost__takes__in__bus__fares,__entrance__tickets__and__accommodation，so I want to make sure how many students will participate.‎ ‎⑦如果你能告诉我你是否能去我将很感激。‎ I__would__be__thankful__if__you__could__tell__me__whether__you’d__like__to__go__or__not.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎⑧用非限制性定语从句升级句②‎ It__occurs__to__us__that__we__can__team__up__to__hire__a__bus__to__go__there,__which__can__apparently__save__us__much__money.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：first, then, finally)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Dear Tom，‎ How is it going? As the majority of our class elect to visit Yuntai Mountain this Saturday, I’d like to invite you to join us.‎ It occurs to us that we can team up to hire a bus to go there, which can apparently save us much money. We will meet at our school gate at 7：00 and set off at 7：20. First, on Saturday morning we’ll climb Zhuyu Peak. Then, we’d like to travel through Red Rock Valley that afternoon and play games at night. Finally, after seeing the waterfall on Sunday morning, we’ll return. The total cost takes in bus fares, entrance tickets and accommodation, so I want to make sure how many students will participate.‎ I would be thankful if you could tell me whether you’d like to go or not.‎ Yours，‎ 23‎ Li Hua ‎ (建议用时：40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·辽宁五校联考)In a longsleeved shirt and jeans, Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional African farmer. The 30yearold owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes.‎ ‎“You need more role models，” he said, standing among kneehigh rows of chilli(辣椒) plants. “If you have young farmers, having land and driving to the farm, others may think, ‘Why can’t I do that？’”‎ Mr. Twahirwa, a university graduate, bought a friend’s tomato farm six years ago for $150. He made $1，500 back in two months. “You have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers，” he said.‎ Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fields—a job made tougher by climate change.‎ But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agriculture’s image on the continent more attractive. Some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own, and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain, the United States, India, and Kenya.‎ Africa has the world’s youngest population and 65 percent of its uncultivated arable land(耕地后备资源). Yet accessing land and loans is difficult, and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.‎ ‎“Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said Tamara Kaunda. She believes African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe. “Show young people tractors, green fields, nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.‎ Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm. For example, in coffee production, the beans go from the farm to the washing station, then to be separated from the husks(外壳)．‎ ‎【解题导语】　非洲青年Dieudonne Twahirwa从事农业生产，他通过自己的努力，‎ 23‎ 获得了巨大的回报；非洲有世界上最年轻的人群与大量的耕地后备资源，但是由于气候与农业技术的落后，很多年轻人都不愿意从事农业；Dieudonne Twahirwa则为非洲青年树立了榜样。‎ ‎1．What does “Why can’t I do that？” in paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Why can’t I drive to the farm?‎ B．Why can’t they farm?‎ C．They follow the example of those farmers.‎ D．They bought a friend’s tomato farm.‎ C　解析：句意理解题。根据第二段中的“If you have young farmers, having land and driving to the farm, others may think, ‘Why can’t I do that？’”可知，此处表示如果你有年轻的农民，他们有土地，而且开车去农场，其他人可能会想：“为什么我不能那样做？”该句意在表明其他人认为他们可以效仿那些农民的做法。故选C。‎ ‎2．What makes it harder for farmers to work?‎ A．Poor land.　　　　　　　　 B．Climate change.‎ C．Low income. D．Long working hours.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside...a job made tougher by climate change.”可知，在非洲，让农民的劳动难度更大的原因是气候变化。故选B。‎ ‎3．What can we learn about Twahirwa according to paragraph 5?‎ A．He made a fortune by growing chillies.‎ B．His chillies are superb in the world.‎ C．Farmers working for him live a simple life.‎ D．The locals aren’t willing to buy his chillies.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own”可推知，Twahirwa通过种植红辣椒赚了很多钱。故选A。‎ ‎4．When it comes to agriculture in Africa, what do people think about it?‎ A．Loans are difficult.‎ B．Most land is uncultivated.‎ C．Crop yields are rather low.‎ D．Farming methods are out of date.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第七段中的“African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe”可知，非洲农业需要改变，以摆脱其传统的形象：使用锄头的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可知，当谈及非洲的农业时，‎ 23‎ 人们想到的是落后的耕作方法。故选D。A、B、C三项均为非洲农业的实际情况，不是人们对其的看法。‎ B ‎(2020·济南高三模拟)The United States Congress is responsible for making and approving federal laws—rules that everyone in the country must follow. But exactly how do those laws get made? The process is not easy, and it takes a long time.‎ A law begins when someone puts forward an idea. The idea can come from anyone, but it has to get to a US lawmaker who wants it to become legislation(法律). In time, the idea is further developed into a written proposal, called a bill.‎ Then, a member of Congress officially proposes the bill. After the bill is introduced, it is sent to a small group of lawmakers, called a “committee”. Sometimes committee members seek more information about the proposal by holding hearings. Sometimes the committee changes the bill. Sometimes it decides not to take any action. In that case, we say lawmakers “table” the bill, or let it “die in the committee”．‎ But now and then, the bill is offered to lawmakers not on the committee. Those lawmakers debate the bill further. They might change the bill again. Finally, the full House or Senate votes on the bill. If it does not earn the majority of votes, the bill does not advance.‎ Finally, the agreedupon bill is sent to the president. If the president signs it, the bill becomes a law. If the president does nothing and Congress is officially meeting, the bill becomes a law. But if the president does nothing and Congress is not in session, the bill does not pass. Or the president can officially reject the bill. If that happens, the bill is not stopped. Instead, it is returned to both the Senate and the House. If twothirds of the senators and twothirds of the House members approve the bill once again, even with the president objecting, they turn the bill into a law.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了美国法律的制定过程。‎ ‎5．Who is the first to propose a bill?‎ A．A lawyer.　　　　　　 B．A citizen.‎ C．A member of Congress. D．A committee member.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then, a member of Congress officially proposes the bill.”可知，第一个提出议案的人是国会成员。故选C。‎ ‎6．When does a bill finally become a law?‎ 23‎ A．After it is sent to a committee.‎ B．When the president signs it.‎ C．After it returns to the Congress.‎ D．While Congress is not in session.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If the president signs it, the bill becomes a law.”可知，如果总统签署了一致同意的议案，那么该议案就成了一项法律。‎ ‎7．What can be inferred from the text?‎ A．Not every bill can be turned into a law.‎ B．Anybody can put forward a proposal.‎ C．If “tabled”， the bill has to be voted on.‎ D．Once proposed, the bill can’t be changed.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据对全文的整体理解，尤其是最后三段的内容可知，一项议案最终变成法律需要走很多程序，在这些程序中议案有可能被搁置或被否决，由此可推知，并不是每一项议案都会变成法律。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·潍坊统一考试)Sitting at a table in my school cafeteria, I looked around, slowly taking in everything. For the first time in my life, I __1__ that I had been seeing without really seeing for the past two years.‎ Student after student passed my __2__ carrying that day’s lunch, but if you looked deeper, there was more to __3__. There was more than just the uniform they were wearing, or the way they had styled their__4__ that day. There was a lot more hidden under the __5__．‎ Catching the eyes of a girl in my grade sitting at a nearby table, I __6__ politely. She smiled __7__ and then continued to pick at the spaghetti in front of her. If I hadn’t __8__ recently that her mother was dying of leukemia, I would have never __9__ anything was wrong and I may not have been as__10__ and sympathetic, either. It suddenly __11__ me that we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story. I realized that everyone may have something __12__ they are facing in their lives.‎ I have an incurable lung disease. No one at our school knows—I don’t show any noticeable __13__ except for a few coughs here and there. I go about my day like any other kid, __14__ with the realization that I have a __15__ and terrifying future.‎ Before that day when I decided to __16__ the world with a new perspective, I __17__ myself almost every day. I thought only about myself and my heavy __18__. ‎ 23‎ But I’ve now realized that I am not the only one __19__： Everyone has their own mountain to face. No one is __20__—we just need to accept the way we are.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述了作者观察生活而进行反思的故事，启迪读者要正确看待生活中的不幸。‎ ‎1．A.promised　　　　　　　 B．realized C．pretended D．joked B　解析：根据上文中的“I looked around, slowly taking in everything”及“For the first time in my life”可知，作者意识到(realized)了些什么，故选B。‎ ‎2．A.order B．room C．table D．cafeteria C　解析：空处与上文中的“Sitting at a table in my school cafeteria”呼应，可知此处指的是学生们路过作者所坐的餐桌(table)，故选C。‎ ‎3．A.observe B．imagine C．compare D．exchange A　解析：空处与上文中的“but if you looked deeper”呼应，可知此处表示作者认为有更多有待观察(observe)的东西。‎ ‎4．A.diet B．clothing C．bicycle D．hair D　解析：空处根据上文中的“the uniform they were wearing, or the way they had styled their”可知，此处表示学生们的发型，故选D。‎ ‎5．A.surface B．uniform C．rules D．circumstances A　解析：根据常识可知，学生的制服和发型都是外在的(surface)东西，且空处与下文中的“we judge others too quickly without knowing the whole story”呼应，故选A。‎ ‎6．A.said B．moved C．waved D．bowed C　解析：根据下文中的“She smiled”可知，作者给一个女孩打了招呼(waved)，对方以微笑回应。‎ ‎7．A.casually B．weakly C．happily D．impatiently B　解析：空处与下文“her mother was dying of leukemia”呼应，可知女孩因为母亲病重而勉强地(weakly)对作者笑了笑。‎ ‎8．A.found B．noticed C．heard D．decided 23‎ C　解析：根据语境可知，作者听说(heard)了这个女孩家里的不幸。‎ ‎9．A.suspected B．remembered C．predicted D．regretted A　解析：根据语境可知，作者本不会觉得(suspected)有什么不正常的。‎ ‎10．A.outstanding B．willing C．demanding D．understanding D　解析：空处与下文中的“sympathetic”呼应，可知作者对对方表示谅解(understanding)和同情，故选D。‎ ‎11．A.escaped B．satisfied C．hit D．attracted C　解析：根据语境可知，此处表示作者突然意识到，我们会在不知道整个故事的情况下迅速对其他人作出评价，故选C。hit意为“使突然意识到”。‎ ‎12．A.extra B．valuable C．common D．tough D　解析：根据语境可知，在生活中每个人都可能会面临困境。故选D。‎ ‎13．A.symptoms B．diseases C．complaints D．weaknesses A　解析：根据语境及下文中的“except for a few coughs”可知，此处指的是一些不为人注意的症状(symptoms)。‎ ‎14．A.and B．but C．or D．so B　解析：根据语境可知，前后两句是逻辑上的转折关系，故选B。‎ ‎15．A.bright B．dark C．real D．serious B　解析：空处与下文中的“terrifying”呼应，此处表示因为难以治愈的疾病，作者认为自己的前途变得黑暗(dark)和可怕，故选B。‎ ‎16．A.change B．create C．view D．tolerate ‎ C　解析：根据上文中的“looked around”和“looked deeper”可知，作者一直在观察生活，而在那天之后作者以一种新角度看待(view)世界，故选C。‎ ‎17．A.pitied B．forgave C．challenged D．encouraged A　解析：根据语境及下文中的“I thought only about myself and my heavy ______．”可知，作者曾经因为自己的病而怜悯(pitied)自己，故选A。‎ 23‎ ‎18．A.debt B．reward C．burden D．workload C　解析：根据语境及空前的“heavy”可知，不可治愈的病是作者沉重的负担(burden)，故选C。‎ ‎19．A.blessed B．favored C．laughing D．suffering D　解析：根据下文中的“Everyone has their own mountain to face”可知，每个人都有他们要经历(suffering)的困境，故选D。‎ ‎20．A.changeable B．perfect C．unique D．different B　解析：根据语境可知，每个人都不完美(perfect)，都有自己要应对的困境，我们只是需要接受自己原本的样子，故选B。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2020·郑州高三质检)Hearing you’re worried the coming exam, I can quite understand you because we’re in the same boat. But I think we can deal with it properly and my suggestion are as follows.‎ First of all, it’s normal for us to be nervous till faced with the exam which we think is important. Secondly, we’d better try our best to study hard and built a solid foundation, and then we’ll feel confidence of winning by then. Thirdly, no matter how we felt, the exam is still approaching. So, why not to face it bravely? After all, it is our learning process which really determines our success. If we always spare no effort on your studies, there is no need to worry, because we’ve done all we should. So please stay calm and relaxing. I hope my suggestions will be of help to you.‎ 答案：‎ Hearing you’re worried the coming exam, I can quite understand you because we’re in the same boat. But I think we can deal with it properly and my are as follows.‎ First of all, it’s normal for us to be nervous faced with the exam which we think is important. Secondly, we’d better try our best to study hard and a solid foundation, and then we’ll feel of winning by then. ‎ 23‎ Thirdly, no matter how we ， the exam is still approaching. So, why not face it bravely? After all, it is our learning process really determines our success. If we always spare no effort on studies, there is no need to worry, because we’ve done all we should. So please stay calm and . I hope my suggestions will be of help to you.‎ ‎①在worried后加about。考查固定搭配。该处表示担心即将到来的考试。be worried about为固定搭配，意为“担心……”。‎ ‎②suggestion改为suggestions。考查名词的单复数。此处suggestion“建议”为可数名词，根据该句中的are可知，该处应用复数形式。‎ ‎③till改为when或while。考查连词。句意：首先，当面临我们所认为的重要考试时，我们感到紧张是正常的。根据句意可知， 该处表示“当……时”，故用when或while。‎ ‎④built改为build。考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，此处与study并列，故用build。try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽全力去做某事”。‎ ‎⑤confidence改为confident。考查形容词。feel在该处作系动词，后接形容词，故用形容词confident。‎ ‎⑥felt改为feel。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境及该句中的“is”可知，此处为一般性描述，故用一般现在时；且主语为we，故用feel。‎ ‎⑦删除not后的to。考查固定句型。why not do sth.为固定句型，表示建议，意为“为什么不做某事”。‎ ‎⑧which改为that。考查强调句。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了强调句结构“it is＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分”，被强调的部分是“our learning process”。‎ ‎⑨your改为our。考查人称代词。根据该句中的“we”可知，该处应用our。此处表示如果我们在学业上总是不遗余力……‎ ‎⑩relaxing改为relaxed。考查形容词。句意：所以，请保持镇定和放松。根据语境可知，该处形容人的状态，故用形容词relaxed。‎ 23‎