高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit1Alandofdiversity题型组合课时练新人教版选修8

高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit1Alandofdiversity题型组合课时练新人教版选修8

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Unit 1 A land of diversity Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2017·西安高三检测)The 1920s was a decade of wealth，decadence (堕落) and social change.They were known as the Roaring Twenties，and the best place to experience this exciting time was New York City.But what was it really like? Prohibition In 1919，a new law in the US known as Prohibition made it illegal to buy and sell alcohol.But Prohibition didn't stop people drinking；it just drove the sale of strong alcoholic drink underground.Bootleggers(走私贩) waited off the coast of New York after dark and brought illegal alcohol into the city. Jazz Jazz was the music of New York in the 1920s.In fact，the decade is called Jazz Age.The best place to listen to this new form of music was the Cotton Club in Harlem.All the great jazz musicians played at the Cotton Club，including Louis Armstrong，Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington.Also，in 1924 George Gershwin composed the jazzinfluenced Rhapsody in Blue.The piece has been called “a musical portrait of New York” and was used by Woody Allen in his film Manhattan. Art Deco Art Deco was the most popular style of the 1920s，with bright colors and geometric designs；it can be seen in the art，architecture and inside designs of the period.New York is full of Art Deco buildings，but the most famous ones are the Chrysler Building (built between 1928 and 1930) and the Empire State Building (built between 1930 and 1931)． The Great Depression On 29th October，1929，the Roaring Twenties came to a dramatic end.On that day(known as “Black Tuesday”)，the US stock market crashed，causing the Great Depression.The economic downturn lasted ten years and affected most of the Western world.Unemployment in America reached 25% and the country didn't recover until after World War Ⅱ. 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了 20 世纪 20 年代的美国纽约。 1．We know from the passage that in 1919 people alcohol in the US. A．began to buy and sell B．stopped producing 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 C．completely stopped trading D．secretly bought and sold D [细节理解题。根据 Prohibition 下的内容可知，禁酒令规定买卖酒违法，但是人们 依然要喝酒，于是人们秘密地买卖酒。] 2．The 1920s is called ． A．Country Music Age B．Jazz Age C．Folk Music Age D．Pop Age B [细节理解题。根据 Jazz 下的第二句“In fact，the decade is called Jazz Age.” 可知答案为 B。] 3．We can infer from the passage that the US in the year 1930. A．was in a bad economic state B．was in good economic condition C．developed at a rapid speed D．had many dramatic plays A [推理判断题。根据 The Great Depression 下的“On 29th October，1929”并结 合下文中的“The economic downturn lasted ten years”可推知，1930 年美国的经济状 况不好。] B (2016·全国丙卷)If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what's around.It's called Apple Day but in practice it's more like Apple Month.The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain. Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste，a wide variety of apples.To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.Although it doesn't taste of anything special，it's still worth a try，as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else. There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions.One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it. At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 for with applethemed fun and games. Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园)．If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale，near Faversham in Kent. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。全文介绍了在苹果节上的各种各样的苹果。虽说是 Apple Day，其实该节日持续接近一个月的时间。在这段时间里，我们可以品尝到很多稀有 品种的苹果。如果想尝试各种各样的苹果，就来参加 Apple Day 吧。 4．What can people do at the apple events? A．Attend experts' lectures. B．Visit fruitloving families. C．Plant fruit trees in an orchard. D．Taste many kinds of apples. D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see， and often taste，a wide variety of apples.可知，参加苹果节可以看到并经常尝到各种 各样的苹果。A 项说“参加专家的讲座”，这与倒数第二段中 At the events，you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions 提到的与专 家交流不符，曲解了文意；B 项说“参观喜欢水果的家庭”，文中并未提及；C 项说“在果 园中种植果树”，文章虽然提到可以参观、品尝等体验，但没有提种植果树。] 5．What can we learn about Decio? A．It is a new variety. B．It has a strange look. C．It is rarely seen now. D．It has a special taste. C [推理判断题。根据第二段中的．..it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence，such as Decio...is more of a curiosity than anything else.可知，见到它很开阔眼界并且可以与稀奇的 Cat's Head 这一品种类比，由 此判断 Decio 非常稀少。A 项说“它是新品种”，这与 which was grown by the Romans 不 符；B 项说“它外形奇特”，这指的是 Cat's Head 的特点，犯了张冠李戴的错误；D 项说“它 有特殊的味道”，这与 it doesn't taste of anything special 不符。] 6．What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．A practical idea. B．A vain hope. C．A brilliant plan. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 D．A selfish desire. B [词义理解题。根据本段中的 One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette，but you'll need a warm，sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it...可知，尽管 Orleans Reinette 是很好的品种，但是对各项条件的要求很高，因 此大多数喜欢它的人种植它的希望会落空。A 项说“一个切合实际的想法”，这与它对生存 条件要求高矛盾；C 项说“一个很好的计划”，根据画线前的描述可知，这是一种希望或梦 想；D 项说“一个自私的愿望”，这里说的是愿望的可否实现，不是自私与否。] 7．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To show how to grow apples. B．To introduce an apple festival. C．To help people select apples. D．To promote apple research. B [作者意图题。根据文章第一段中的 If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what's around.和第二段中的 Visiting an apple event...以及后文介绍节日上的各类苹果可知，作者在介绍苹果节。A 项“展示 如何种植苹果”，C 项“帮助人们选苹果”，D 项“促进苹果的研究”，均与文章内容不符。] Ⅱ.完形填空 (2017·河南省六市高三联考)When I was diagnosed with breast cancer a few years back，I reacted like most who receive a cancer diagnosis and the first thing that came to mind was a “death sentence”． 1 ，instead of complaining，I decided to look for the 2 side of it. I realized that I was about to 3 a new beginning.I knew that I had to develop and gain 4 from all my experiences.Even with the pain I had to 5 through each diagnosis，and all the 6 I've dealt with all my life，I still felt truly lucky.I 7 myself that I still have my life，so why am I to 8 ？ One day，I had an unusual experience.I turned that experience into a 9 and I called it “Peace”．Writing had become therapy (治疗) for me.I took that poem， along with many others I had 10 during my breast cancer period and placed them in book form.I was 11 enough to have that book published.I later had another inspirational children's book 12 ，with a third one 13 ．I'm hoping that anyone who has the chance to read my first book of poems will benefit from it.My poems are from the heart，and I wish to have a positive 14 on someone who's ill.I 15 believe when you survive a serious 16 like cancer，it's for a reason，and I want to live to 17 exactly what that is for me. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 That's what I'm all about now，inspiration.I would have 18 become a writer， producing inspirational poems and stories，if I had not gone through all that I did.I'm a true example that you can 19 cancer，as long as you have faith and allow that faith to 20 your path. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者患了癌症，但没有抱怨，而是通过写诗歌 和小说来阐述人生，最终他战胜了病魔。 1．A.However B．Besides C．Therefore D．Otherwise A [上文说，作者对于患上癌症首先想到的是“死亡判决”；下文说，作者并没有抱怨。 据此可以判断，空处前后文之间是转折关系，故 A 项正确。] 2．A.bad B．opposite C．right D．positive D [根据该句中“instead of complaining”可知，作者没有选择抱怨而是决定寻找癌 症积极的一面；D 项意为“积极的”，符合语境。] 3．A.mark B．miss C．face D．find C [根据语境可知，作者将面对新的开始。C 项意为“面对，面临”，符合语境。] 4．A.advantage B．strength C．knowledge D．skill B [根据该句中的“from all my experiences”可以判断，作者决定从自己的经历中 获得战胜癌症的力量；B 项意为“力量”，符合语境。] 5．A.express B．hide C．go D．bear D [根据该句中的“with the pain”可知，作者要忍受癌症的痛苦；D 项意为“忍受”， 符合语境。] 6．A.chances B．struggles C．decisions D．businesses B [根据该句中的“I've dealt with all my life”并结合前文作者对患癌症的叙述 可以判断，B 项“挣扎”，符合语境。] 7．A.persuaded B．showed C．reminded D．taught C [根据语境可知，作者提醒自己，自己仍然活着；C 项意为“提醒”，故 C 项正确。 A 项意为“说服”；B 项意为“展示”；D 项意为“教”。] 8．A.complain B．encourage 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 C．disappoint D．please A [根据上文第一段最后一句中的“complaining”并结合语境可知，A 项正确。B 项意 为“鼓励”；C 项意为“失望”；D 项意为“取悦”。] 9．A.poem B．novel C．diary D．play A [根据下文的“I took that poem”可知，作者将那次经历写成了一首诗；A 项意为 “诗歌”，符合语境。] 10．A.read B．learned C．written D．collected C [根据上句中的“Writing”可以判断，这些诗是作者在患癌症期间写的，故 C 项正 确。] 11．A.confident B．lucky C．careful D．shocked B [根据该句中的“enough to have that book published”可以判断，作者足够幸运， 出版了自己的诗集，故 B 项正确。A 项意为“自信的”；C 项意为“仔细的”；D 项意为“震 惊的”。] 12．A.published B．translated C．typed D．reviewed A [根据上句中的“have that book published”及本句中的 another 可以判断，作者 又出版了一本书，故 A 项正确。B 项意为“翻译”；C 项意为“打字”；D 项意为“审查”。] 13．A.in the dark B．above the average C．ahead of time D．on the way D [根据该句中“another...with a third one”可以判断，第三本书将要出版；on the way 意为“即将发生”，符合语境。] 14．A.impression B．influence C．result D．conclusion B [作者的诗歌源于心灵，作者希望它们对病人有积极的影响。have an influence on 为固定短语，意为“对……有影响”，故 B 项正确。A 项意为“印象”；C 项意为“结果”； D 项意为“结论”。] 15．A.hardly B．honestly C．truly D．widely C [作者真的相信，你能从像癌症这样的重病中存活下来，这肯定是有原因的；C 项意 为“真正地”，符合语境，故 C 项正确。] 16．A.accident B．diagnosis 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 C．disaster D．disease D [根据该句中的“like cancer”可以判断，这里指像癌症那样的重病，故 D 项正确。] 17．A.look for B．find out C．concentrate on D．pick out B [根据该句中的“it's for a reason”可知，作者要弄清楚对他来说那是什么；B 项意为“弄清楚，弄明白”，符合语境。A 项意为“寻找”；C 项意为“全神贯注于”；D 项意为“挑选”。] 18．A.ever B．already C．just D．never D [根据语境可知，如果不是癌症，作者肯定不可能成为作家，写出鼓舞人心的诗歌和 故事，故 D 项正确。] 19．A.cure B．develop C．survive D．treat C [根据前文第三段最后一句中的“survive”可知，作者是从癌症中存活下来的真实 例子，故 C 项正确。] 20．A.direct B．cross C．follow D．walk A [根据该句中的“your path”可知，只要你有信念，并让信念指引你的方向，那么 你就可能会战胜癌症。A 项意为“指引”，符合语境。]