新疆2021届高三上学期第一次联考英语试卷 Word版含解析

新疆2021届高三上学期第一次联考英语试卷 Word版含解析

- 1 - 2020—2021 学年高三年级第一次联考 英语试卷 本试卷共 12 页，满分 150 分，考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴 在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号 涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、 草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 回答听力部分时，先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束后，你将有两分钟的时间 将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来 回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. 2. What day is it today? A. December 23rd. B. December 24th. C. December 25th. 3. How will the man go to work? A. By taxi. B. By subway. C. By bus. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a bookstore. C. In a library. 5. Why is the man unable to go back for the Spring Festival? A. He needs to stay in hospital. B. He has to go abroad. - 2 - C. He needs to work overtime. 第二节(共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将 有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。 每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6~7 题。 6. What is the woman reporting? A. A medical emergency. B. A break-in. C. A car accident. 7. How soon will the police arrive? A. In 5 minutes. B. In 10 minutes. C. In 15 minutes. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8~10 题。 8. What was the man dssatisfied with about his trip? A. The weather. B. The views. C. The accommodation. 9. What did the woman do for the winter holiday? A. She just stayed at home. B. She traveled to Harbin. C. She did a part-time job. 10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Relatives. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11~13 题。 11. What is the woman doing probably? A. Playing a video game. B. Shopping online. C. Watching a program. 12. How long has the man had his TV? A. For 2 years. B. For 5 years. C. For 10 years. 13. What’s the woman’s attitude to the “throwaway culture”? A. Supportive. B. Neutral. C. Opposed. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14~16 题。 14. Why does the woman want to buy a bookshelf? A. She accidentally broke the old one. B. She just moved to a new home. C. She is preparing a birthday gift. - 3 - 15. What prevents the woman from buying the first bookshelf? A. The price. B. The color. C. The material. 16. What does the woman deeide to do in the end? A. Make the payment. B. Ask her brother’s opinion. C. Browse in some other stores. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17~20 题。 17. Who put pressure on the park to issue the ban? A. The animal activist groups. B. The government authorities. C. The sympathetic tourists. 18. How many elephants are still waiting to be relocated? A. 2. B. 12. C. 14. 19. What caused the elephant’s death? A. Disease. B. Illegal hunting. C. Tiredness. 20. What’s the effect of the ban on visitor numbers? A. It is still unknown yet. B. It will decrease them greatly. C. It almost has no influence on them. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Ken Burns has been making movies for more than 30 years. His documentaries (纪录片) are nonfiction records of history. In his films, Ken shares American history by allowing ordinary men and women to tell their own stories. The National Parks: America’s Best Idea is a documentary that shows nature at its best. Ken’s film tells the story of the people who fought to protect the land for future generations to use and enjoy. For Ken, there are direct connections between people who lived long ago and people living today. It is his job as a filmmaker and observer of history to make those connections clear for viewers of his films. It all began for Ken in Brooklyn, New York, where he was born on July 29, 1953. Because of - 4 - his father’s work, the family moved often before Ken was 10. When he was 11 years old, Ken’s mother died of an illness. The family was living in Michigan at the time, and Ken and his dad spent many nights watching old John Ford films together. He was touched by the power that movries could have and was determined to learn the craft. After high school, Ken chose to attend Hampshire College in Massachusetts, to study film. His professors frowned on the Hollywood style of moviemaking and encouraged him to make documentaries. In 1990, Ken released The Civil War, an 11-hour series that was shown on publie television. The film used more than 16, 000 historical photographs and many noted actors. Ken brought the images to life by slowly panning the camera over a photograph as an actor read a personal letter written by the subject of the picture. Music played in the background. This teehnique became known as the Ken Burns Effect: the feeling of bringing the viewer back in time and conneeting him or her with the past. The Ciyil War won more than 40 major film, music, and television awards. But Ken does not make movies for fame or fortune. He has turned down many offers to work as a Hollywood movie director on multimillion-dollar films. “The past lives that people lived, their stories, the everyday things are what really touch my heart,” Ken says. 1. What is a characteristic of Ken’s works? A. They focus on people living in the moment. B. They stress differences between generations. C. They feature natural scenery. D. They bring history to life. 2. In what aspect(方面) has Ken’s childhood influenced him? A. His attitude toward trips. B. His interest in learning history. C. His plan for his future career. D. His understanding of the Hollywood style. 3. What can be learned about Ken’s The Civil War? A. It made him stand out. B. It was quite complex for the viewers. - 5 - C. It applied the traditional techniques successfully. D. It led him to become a Hollywood movie director. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了一位知名纪录片制作人 Ken Bums 的成长历程及其成就。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“His documentaries are nonfiction records of history. In his films, Ken shares American history by allowing ordinary men and women to tell their own stories.”(他的 纪录片是非虚构的历史记录。在他的电影中，肯通过让普通人讲述他们自己的故事来分享美 国历史。)可知，Ken Burns 所拍的纪录片都是记录历史的，目的是把历史活灵活现地展现出 来。故选 D 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The family was living in Michigan at the time, and Ken and his dad spent many nights watching old John Ford films together. He was touched by the power that movries could have and was determined to learn the craft.” (当时他们一家住在密歇根州，肯和他 的父亲在很多个晚上一起看老约翰·福特的电影。他被电影所具有的力量所感动，决心学习 这门手艺。)可知，Ken Burns 在童年时经常和父亲一起观看约翰·福特的电影，从中感受到 了电影所富含的力量，于是便下定决心要走上制作电影的道路。故选 C 项。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“This technique became known as the Ken Burns Effect” (这 种技术被称为肯·伯恩斯效应。)及最后一段中的“The Civil War won more than 40 major film, music, and television awards” (《内战》获得了 40 多个主要的电影、音乐和电视奖项。)和“He has turned down many offers to work as a Hollywood movie director on multimillion-dollar films.”(他已经拒绝了很多好莱坞电影导演的邀请，拍摄价值数百万美元的电影。)可知，Ken Bums 在创作 The Civil War 时首创的拍摄方法被称为 Ken Burns Effect，该片还一举斩获了 40 多个重要奖项，并让好莱坞向他投来了橄榄枝。由此可见，该纪录片大获成功，并让他脱颖 而出。故选 A 项。 B On the outside, Noa Mintz is a typical teen. But while other teens are chatting about games and clothes, Noa is texting the manager she hired to run her growing business. - 6 - Noa has been heading up her own nanny agency since August 2012. She hired Allison Johnson in 2014 to oversee day-to-day business operations while she attended her freshman year of high school. She rents a room in an office building in Midtown Manhattan where Johnson works. Like any teen, Noa has had to depend on her parents for some help. Her father is the registered owner of her business. He’s helped front money for legal fees. But Nannies by Noa is all her brainchild. The idea came about as a result of a challenge made by her mother: Find a better nanny for their family. She did just that, and then she started helping her mother’s friends find nannies. “I found it fun to get to know a family and their needs—and find a nanny accordingly,” she said. Thus, Nannies by Noa was born. It was the summer of 2012, before she entered 7th grade. She’s designed a thorough review process: an application, an in-person interview with a trained nanny, reference and background check and a phone interview. Her business has seen a considerable success: from 50 clients to 2,000 clients today. At first, she charged $100 to $200. “I wasn’t charging enough. Even clients would say, ‘You realize you should be charging way, way more,’” added Noa, whose clients are mostly looking for long-term help. She’s since changed her business model: Nannies by Noa now takes a percentage of the overall rate, which is typically 15% of the nanny’s first year salary. While Noa said she has other business ideas she also wouldn’t rule out other careers. “Perhaps I’ll start another company. We will see,” said Noa. 4. How does Johnson help Noa? A. She rents an office for Noa. B. She helps operate Noa’s business. C. She tutors Noa in her school lessons. D. She puts money into Noa’s nanny agency. 5. What do we know about Nannies by Noa? A. It was the idea of Noa’s mother. B. It was legally registered by Noa. C. It aims to match nannies with families. D. It offers nanny jobs for high school students. 6. What change did Noa make to her business model? A. She hired trained nannies. B. She raised nannies’ salaries. C. She increased the service fee. D. She interviewed applicants in person. - 7 - 7. What can we learn from Noa’s story? A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B. A youth is to be regarded with respect. C. A good idea and action result in success. D. Success means getting family needs satisfied. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. C 【解析】 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了青少年 Noa Mintz 创业成功的故事，Noa Mintz 从妈妈提出的给家 里找一个合适保姆的挑战中得到灵感，发现了保姆匹配市场需求的商机，成立了自己的公司。 文章介绍了她生意的经营状况以及她对自己商业模式的一些想法。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“She hired Allison Johnson in 2014 to oversee day-to-day business operations while she attended her freshman year of high school.( 她 在 2014 年 聘 请 了 Allison Johnson，在 Noa 上高一的时候负责日常业务运营)”可知，Johnson 通过帮助 Noa 运营公司来 帮助 Noa。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中““I found it fun to get to know a family and their needs—and find a nanny accordingly,” she said. Thus, Nannies by Noa was born.( 她说：“我发现了解一个家庭和他 们的需求，并据此相应地找到一个保姆很有趣”。于是，Nannies by Noa 公司诞生了)”可推 知，Nannies by Noa 公司的目标是将保姆和家庭匹配起来。故选 C。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“She’s since changed her business model: Nannies by Noa now takes a percentage of the overall rate, which is typically 15% of the nanny’s first year salary.(从那以 后，她改变了自己的商业模式：现在，Noa 保姆公司会收取保姆第一年工资的 15%)”可知， Noa 对商业模式的改变是她提高了服务费。故选 C。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“On the outside, Noa Mintz is a typical teen. But while other teens are chatting about games and clothes, Noa is texting the manager she hired to run her growing business.(表面上看，Noa Mintz 是个普通的青少年。但当其他青少年还在谈论游戏和服装时， Noa 却在给她雇佣来经营不断增长的业务的经理发短信)”结合文章介绍了一位青少年 Noa Mintz 创业成功的故事，Noa Mintz 从妈妈提出的给家里找一个合适保姆的挑战中得到灵感， - 8 - 发现了保姆匹配市场的商机，成立了自己的公司。文章介绍了她生意的经营状况以及她对自 己商业模式的一些想法。可推知她的故事告诉我们：好的想法和行动会带来成功。故选 C。 C Legos (乐高) are always on the move. Most of the time, Legos travel through the homes and yards of the kids that play with them. But sometimes, they travel into the kids themselves. The toys are tiny. When a child eats a Lego, though, parents rush to the hospital terrified. Tessa Davis, a doctor at The Royal London Hospital in England can calm their fears. She’s one of several doctors who downed a Lego — for science, of course. “It’s actually really common,” Davis says. “We see at least one child a day swallowing something they shouldn’t have.” Of course anything left lying around including a Lego can be dangerous. But most of the time; unless the object is sharp (锋 利的) or poisonous, it will just go right through the child and come out the other end. No matter how much Davis has tried to calm parents, though, they keep worrying. So she and five other doctors decided to do a test. They each swallowed the head of a Lego figure (人物). Why a Lego head? “Lego heads are a standard size,” she says. The doctors wanted to make sure they ate the same thing. “We all swallowed one at the same time of day and then waited to see if it came out,” she says. Each doctor kept a waste diary. Everyone took care to eat a normal diet. Then the doctors collected their waste and searched for a familiar-looking face. Luckily, the doctors didn’t have to do that for long. Of the six Lego heads that went in, five came out again within three days. One doctor, however, never found his Lego head. “Most likely he wasn’t good at looking for it,” Davis concludes. “But it’s possible in 10 years’ time someone will find it up there.” “Children are such amazing creatures. No matter how many times an adult can say to a group of children, ‘Please don’t put that in your mouth,’ there are a certain number of them who are just going to put it in their mouths. But now there’s a study showing it’ll go through,” says Brian Crandall, who leads science activities for kids. 8. What does Davis think of parents mentioned in Paragraph 2? A. They worry too much. B. They make the right decision. C. They have a reason to feel frightened. D. They should care more about their kids. - 9 - 9. What do we know about the doctors who did the test? A. They had to change their own diet. B. They ate a Lego of the same size. C. They compared their diaries every day. D. They had done a similar study before. 10. What happened to the Lego heads used in the test? A. Three got lost in the waste. B. Most of them came out quickly. C. Five stayed in the body for three days. D. They were examined by the same tester. 11. What kind of feeling is expressed in Crandall’s words? A. Pride. B. Anger. C. Comfort. D. Helplessness. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. C 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章讲述了几名医生吞下乐高积木后，记录其排出体外的时间，通过该实验 向家长证明儿童吞下小物件后有时候不必过于恐慌。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Tessa Davis, a doctor at The Royal London Hospital in England can calm their fears.(英国皇家伦敦医院的 Tessa Davis 医生可以平息他们的恐惧)” 以及后文 “No matter how much Davis has tried to calm parents, though, they keep worrying.(不过，不管戴 维斯如何努力让父母平静下来，他们总是担心)”可知，Davis 医生认为对于孩子意外吞下乐高 一事家长有时过于担忧了。故选 A 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They each swallowed the head of a Lego figure.(他们每人吞下一 个乐高玩具的头)”以及“Lego heads are a standard size.(乐高玩具头是标准尺寸)”可知，医生 们为了做实验吞下了大小一样的乐高积木。故选 B 项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Of the six Lego heads that went in, five came out again within three days.(被医生吞进去的六个乐高玩具头中，有五个在三天内又出来了)”可知，被医 - 10 - 生吞下的六个乐高积木中，五个在三天之内就排出了体外。故选 B 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Children are such amazing creatures. No matter how many times an adult can say to a group of children, ‘Please don’t put that in your mouth,’ there are a certain number of them who are just going to put it in their mouths. But now there’s a study showing it’ll go through.(孩子是如此神奇的生物。不管一个成年人能对一群孩子说多少次‘请不要把它放进你 的嘴里’，有一定数量的孩子一定会它放进他们的嘴里。但现在有一项研究表明，它将通过 身体，排出体外)”可知，Crandall 提到总有孩子不听劝告，往嘴里塞东西，但这个研究说明 这些小东西会排出体外，所以他想通过实验对家长表达的一种宽慰。故选 C 项。 D When someone asks me what I do first thing in the morning I feel ashamed. Then, I have to shamefully admit that I turn my alarm (闹钟) off on my phone and scroll (滚屏) through WeChat. Before I’ve even had the chance to brush my teeth or wash my face I’m already right away attracted by whatever people are doing online. And I know it needs to change. But the last time I was asked this question was about two months ago and have I changed my ways? Not even a little bit. We all know how unproductive social media(社交媒体) can be. So why is it so easy to get addicted to(沉溺于) a huge mass of pretty pictures, and funny behavior and ideas? And why is it so hard to change? Lisa Lewis, a doctor in Brookline tells me the answer is simple. “It’s because the point of these apps is to keep you looking,” she says. “They want you to buy, and get you to follow and like. Their only purpose is to win your attention.” She says you must have a purpose when it comes to using any social media apps. “Don’t just go on and scroll.” she explains. “Just like you wouldn’t walk up to the refrigerator and stare at what’s inside for no reason, don’t do the same with social media.” If social media is reducing your productivity and overall health, Lewis offers these steps: First, set a goal whenever you use a social media app. If you use WeChat to get inspiration to exercise, do that and then get off it. Next, you can use a timer. These days you can set a timer for how many hours a day you spend on social media. Set it and stick to it. And finally, you can create a prize to strengthen the behavior. When you set that timer and stick to it, positively strengthen the behavior with anything from tasty food, to things you’ve been eyeing on Amazon. 12. What can we say about the author according to Paragraph 1? - 11 - A. She is shy about answering others’ questions online. B. She cares little about other people’s life. C. She works busily early in the morning. D. She is a heavy user of social media. 13. Why is it difficult to beat the addiction mentioned in Paragraph 2 according to Lewis? A. The apps are aimed at attracting users. B. Social media are a good way to kill time. C. People want to communicate with friends. D. Online information is key to most people’s life. 14. Why does Lewis mention the refrigerator? A. To show how attractive social media could be. B. To discuss why social media reduce productivity. C. To explain one should use social media when necessary. D. To prove some content of social media is useful. 15. What does the underlined part “the behavior” refer to? A. Drawing inspiration from social media. B. Using social media according to a timer. C. Trying to save money when shopping online. D. Learning to pay no attention to things you badly want. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章讲述一位医生就社交媒体上瘾问题给出的相应的应对办法。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Before I’ve even had the chance to brush my teeth or wash my face I’m already right away attracted by whatever people are doing online.（在我还没来得及刷牙或洗脸 之前，我就已经被人们在网上所做的一切吸引住了。）”可知，作者早晨醒来还没刷牙洗脸就开 始看微信。由此可见，她是社交媒体的频繁使用者。故选 D 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 Lisa Lewis 的话“It’s because the point of these apps is to keep you looking,”（ “这是因为这些应用程序的目的是让你保持关注。”）以及“They want you to buy, and - 12 - get you to follow and like. Their only purpose is to win your attention.”（ “他们想让你买东西，让 你追随和喜欢。他们唯一的目的就是赢得你的注意。”）可知，社交媒体瘾难以戒除的原因是 社交媒体应用软件的目的就是为了吸引使用者，所以使用者很难不被其吸引。故选 A 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中 Lewis 的话“Don’t just go on and scroll.”（ “不要继续机械 滚屏。”） 以及“Just like you wouldn’t walk up to the refrigerator and stare at what’s inside for no reason, don’t do the same with social media.”（ “就像你不会无缘无故地走到冰箱前盯着里面的 东西一样，社交媒体也不要这么做。”）可知, Lewis 提到冰箱是为了说明人们应该在必要的时 候再使用手机，不要一直盯着手机看。故选 C 项。 【15 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“When you set that timer and stick to it, positively strengthen, the behavior with anything from tasty food to things you’ve been eyeing on Amazon.”(当你设定好时间 并坚持下去的时候，从美味的食物到你一直盯着亚马逊看的东西，都会积极地加强你的行为。) 可知，在使用社交媒体应用软件时要定好计时器，并给自己设定一个奖励来加强这种行为。“the behavior”应该指的是“依据计时器来使用社交媒体应用软件”。故选 B 项。 第二节(共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 You probably already know that exercising is necessary to preserve muscle strength, keep your heart strong, and help you keep a healthy body weight. ____16____ “There’s a lot of science behind this,” says Dr. Scott McGinnis, an instructor at Harvard Medical School. Exercise improves your memory and thinking skills both directly and indirectly. It acts directly on the brain by encouraging the growth of new blood vessels (血管) in the brain. ____17____ Besides many studies have suggested that the parts of the brain that control thinking and memory are larger in size in people who exercise than in people who don’t. Exercise can also improve memory and thinking skills indirectly. ____18____ Problems in these areas frequently cause or contribute to memory loss and a lack of problem-solving skills. Is one exercise better than another in terms of brain health? ____19____ Almost all of the research so far has looked at walking. “But it’s likely that another form of exercise that gets your heart pumping might produce similar benefits,” explains Dr. McGinnis. A study found that Tai - 13 - Chi(太极拳) showed the potential to help older adults in planning, working memory, attention and problem-solving. That may be because Tai Chi involves slow, focused movements and requires learning and memorizing new skills as well as movement patterns. Dr. McGinnis recommends establishing exercise as a habit. Several studies have shown that it takes about six months to start getting the benefits of exercise. ____20____ A. We don’t know the answer to this question. B. It makes you more resistant to some diseases. C. It even promotes the overall health of new brain cells. D. It improves people’s sheep and reduces their stress and anxiety. E. Thus, he reminds you to be patient as you look for the first results F. But exercise can also help improve your memory and thinking skills. G. Start with a few minutes day and increase the amount until you reach your goal. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. E 【解析】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了运动不仅能增强体质，还能提升记忆力和思考力。 【16 题详解】 通 过 文 章 第 一 段 “You probably already know that exercising is necessary to preserve muscle strength, keep your heart strong, and help you keep a healthy body weight.（你可能已经知道锻炼对 保持肌肉力量、保持心脏强壮和帮助你保持健康体重是必要的。）”可知锻炼的重要性。F 项进 一步补充说明了锻炼的优点。并且设空后文中的“this”指代说明的是 F 项中的“exercise can also help improve your memory and thinking skills.” 本句为本篇主题句。剩下的各段就本句内容进行 具体阐释。故选 F 项。 【17 题详解】 通过上文“Exercise improves your memory and thinking skills both directly and indirectly. It acts directly on the brain by encouraging the growth of new blood vessels in the brain.（锻炼可以直接或 间接地提高你的记忆力和思维能力。它通过促进大脑中新血管的生长直接作用于大脑。）”可知 锻炼的益处。C 项中的 even 为语篇衔接标记词，其使用使得上下文呈递进关系。“It even promotes the overall health of new brain cells.（它甚至可以促进新脑细胞的整体健康。）”说明了 运动给大脑带来的又一影响。故选 C 项。 【18 题详解】 - 14 - 通 过 后 文“Problems in these areas frequently cause or contribute to memory loss and a lack of problem-solving skills.（这些领域的问题经常导致或促成记忆丧失和缺乏解决问题的能力。）” 可知设空处介绍了锻炼对某些领域问题的影响。且该句中的“these areas”指的是 D 项中的 “sleep”及“stress and anxiety”。故选 D 项。 【19 题详解】 上文“Is one exercise better than another in terms of brain health?（就大脑健康而言，一种运动比 另一种运动好吗？）”提出了问题，A 项中的“this question”指代的是该问题。故选 A 项。 【20 题详解】 根据最后一段中“Several studies have shown that it takes about six months to start getting the benefits of exercise.（几项研究表明，大约需要六个月的时间才能开始获得锻炼的好处。）”可知 锻炼需要坚持才能见效，所以要耐心等待结果。E 项中的 he 指的是前文提到的 Dr. MoGinnis。 故选 E 项。 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 Not long ago as I stood in the security line at Los Angeles International Airport, I couldn’t help but notice the family in front of me. Obviously, the mother got her hands full, ____21____ with her 8-year-old son, as well as a baby daughter in a stroller (婴儿车). ____22____, she was pulling a car seat and two backpacks. As they waited their ____23____, I noticed the boy kept trying to go ____24____ the rope barrier. This mother ____25____ instructed him to stop several times, never losing her ____26____. When she was ready to get the baby out of the stroller to ____27____ the security scanner, the boy pushed past the rope barrier and into the ____28____ area, causing a security guard to come over and loudly ____29____ him. The mother stepped between her son and the security guard and promised it ____30____ happen again. It became obvious that this young boy had some _____31_____ needs. After the security guard encounter(遭遇), he covered his ears and dropped to the floor in a small ball. Without _____32_____, this mother knelt down and spoke _____33_____ but firmly to her son, _____34_____ that he would get in very big _____35_____ with the security guard if he crossed the - 15 - line again. Then she _____36_____ and kissed him on the forehead before standing up to once again undo her baby from the stroller. I wanted to step in and _____37_____, and just as I was about to offer my assistance, that mother was motioned (提醒) forward to go through the security scanner. I think everyone in line breathed a sigh of _____38_____ as she made it through security on the very first try. That amazing mother looked after both of her children, dealing with the _____39_____ situation with grace, dignity and love. If they had medals for motherhood, she surely _____40_____ one in just those 15 minutes that I observed her. 21. A. traveling B. walking C. talking D. shopping 22. A. Anyway B. However C. Therefore D. Besides 23. A. flight B. turn C. chance D. fortune 24. A. to B. from C. beyond D. by 25. A. sincerely B. calmly C. coldly D. wildly 26. A. balance B. temper C. belief D. mood 27. A. go through B. go away C. look over D. look away 28. A. crossed B. hidden C. forbidden D. covered 29. A. punished B. questioned C. lifted D. scolded 30. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. wouldn’t D. couldn’t 31. A. careful B. special C. common D. unusual 32. A. education B. purpose C. hesitation D. permission 33. A. softly B. quickly C. secretly D. loudly 34. A. pretending B. joking C. proving D. explaining 35. A. present B. trouble C. example D. promise 36. A. hugged B. pushed C. pulled D. patted 37. A. stop B. see C. help D. ask 38. A. approval B. comfort C. pleasure D. relief 39. A. unfortunate B. uncomfortable C. unforgettable D. unexpected 40. A. deserved B. lost C. took D. missed 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D - 16 - 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. A 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了在机场看到一位母亲带着两个孩子过安检，当她有智障的儿 子穿越禁区线而受到保安的训斥后，母亲对孩子表现出的冷静和耐心，令作者十分感动。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，这位母亲忙得不可开交，她带着 8 岁的儿子，还有一个婴 儿车里的女儿。A. traveling 旅行; B. walking 走; C. talking 讨论; D. shopping 购物。根据下文可 知，这位母亲和孩子一起等待过安检，由此可推断出“旅行”符合句意。故选 A 项。 【22 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，她还拉着一个汽车座椅和两个背包。A. Anyway 无论如何; B. However 然而; C. Therefore 因此; D. Besides 此外，也。结合上下文语境，此处说明这位母亲不 仅带着两个孩子，还有一些行李。故选 D 项。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们排队等着时，我注意到那个男孩不停地试图越过绳子的障 碍。A. flight 航班; B. turn 轮流，轮到; C. chance 机会; D. fortune 命运，运气。母亲和孩子在 等待过安检，由此可以得出他们在排队等候“轮到”自己过安检。故选 B 项。 【24 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：当他们排队等着时，我注意到那个男孩不停地试图越过绳子的障 碍。A. to 到; B. from 来自; C. beyond 超出; D. by 通过; 在……旁边。结合常识和下文的 “instructed him to stop several times”可知，这些禁止线是不能“越过”的，但这位母亲的智障 儿子试图“越过”禁止线。故选 C 项。 【25 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲平静地嘱咐了他几次，从没有发脾气。A. sincerely 真诚 地; B. calmly 冷静地; C. coldly 冷淡地; D. wildly 鲁莽地。从下文母亲对孩子的态度可知，此处 母亲“冷静地”教导孩子不能越过禁止线。故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲平静地嘱咐了他几次，从没有发脾气。A. balance 平衡; B. temper 脾气; C. belief 信念; D. mood 心情。根据下文的“dealing with the 19 situation with grace, dignity and love.”可知，这位母亲态度优雅，从来没有发“脾气”。故选 B - 17 - 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她准备把婴儿从婴儿车里拿出来通过安检扫描仪时，男孩推开 绳索障碍物进入禁区，引起一名保安走过来大声责骂。A. go through 通过; B. go away 离开; C. look over 仔细检查; D. look away 望向别处，转移目光。根据下文的“the security scanner”可 知，此处指这位母亲把自己的婴儿抱起来，准备“通过”安检。故选 A 项。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她准备把婴儿从婴儿车里拿出来通过安检扫描仪时，男孩推 开绳索障碍物进入禁区，引起一名保安走过来大声责骂。A. crossed 交叉的; B. hidden 隐藏的; C. forbidden 禁止的; D. covered 覆盖的。此处指这位母亲忙着的时候，智障的儿子推开绳索障碍 物进入了“禁止”区域。故选 C 项。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她准备把婴儿从婴儿车里拿出来通过安检扫描仪时，男孩推开 绳索障碍物进入禁区，引起一名保安走过来大声责骂。A. punished 惩罚; B. questioned 询问; C. lifted 举起; D. scolded 责骂，训斥。结合常识，有人闯入了“禁区”，尤其是小孩，保安肯定会“训 斥”他。故选 D 项。 【30 题详解】 考查助词词义辨析。句意：母亲走到儿子和保安之间，保证不会再发生这种事。A. shouldn’t 不应该; B. mustn’t 禁止; C. wouldn’t 不会; D. couldn’t 不能。此处指母亲向保安承诺，这样的情 况“不会”再发生。故选 C 项。 【31 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这个小男孩有一些特殊需求。A. careful 小心的; B. special 特殊的; C. common 常见的; D. unusual 不同寻常的。special needs 意为“特殊需求”，是固定词组。 从下文这个 8 岁的孩子躺在地上打滚可知，他有些沟通困难，有一点淘气，肯定会有一些特 殊需要。故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲毫不犹豫地跪下来，温柔而坚定地对儿子解释说，如果 他再越界，就会给保安带来很大的麻烦。A. education 教育; B. purpose 目的; C. hesitation 迟疑; D. permission 许可。此处指这位母亲毫不犹豫，跪下来教育孩子。故选 C 项。 【33 题详解】 - 18 - 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲毫不犹豫地跪下来，温柔而坚定地对儿子解释说，如果 他再越界，就会给保安带来很大的麻烦。A. softly 柔和地; B. quickly 快速地; C. secretly 秘密地; D. loudly 大声地。结合上下文可知，这位母亲“柔和地”而又坚决地跟孩子说话。故选 A 项。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲毫不犹豫地跪下来，温柔而坚定地对儿子解释说，如果 他再越界，就会给保安带来很大的麻烦。A. pretending 假装; B. joking 戏弄; C. proving 证明; D. explaining 解释。此处指这位母亲向儿子“解释”，穿越禁止线会造成什么后果。故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲毫不犹豫地跪下来，温柔而坚定地对儿子解释说，如果 他再越界，就会给保安带来很大的麻烦。A. present 礼物; B. trouble 麻烦; C. example 例子; D. promise 承诺。结合语境可知，这位母亲告诉儿子，再次越过禁止线，会带来大“麻烦”。故选 B 项。 【36 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拥抱并亲吻他的前额，然后站起来再次从婴儿车上抱出她的孩 子。A. hugged 拥抱; B. pushed 推; C. pulled 拉; D. patted 拍。根据下文的“kissed him on the forehead”可知，此处指母亲“拥抱”并亲吻儿子的额头。故选 A 项。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想插手帮忙，就在我准备提供帮助的时候，那个母亲被提醒走 上前去通过安检仪。A. stop 停止; B. see 看; C. help 帮助; D. ask 问。从下文中的“offer my assistance”可知，作者想上前去帮助这位母亲。故选 C 项。 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她一次就通过安检时，我想排队的每个人都松了一口气。A. approval 批准，同意; B. comfort 安慰; C. pleasure 愉快，高兴; D. relief 轻松，解除。此处表示 看到这位母亲和两个孩子顺利通过安检，大家松了口气。故选 D 项。 【39 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位了不起的母亲照顾着她的两个孩子，用优雅、尊严和爱来 处理意外的情况。A. unfortunate 不幸的; B. uncomfortable 不舒服的; C. unforgettable 难忘的; D. unexpected 意外的，想不到的。从上文可知，这位母亲十分冷静地处理了“意想不到的”情形， 即孩子翻越警戒绳的事情。故选 D 项。 【40 题详解】 - 19 - 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们有母亲勋章的话，在我观察她的那 15 分钟里，她就应该 得到一枚。A. deserved 值得，应受; B. lost 失去; C. took 带走; D. missed 错过，想念。作者感慨， 如果有母爱奖的话，就凭她刚才这 15 分钟的行为，绝对“配得上，担得起”一个奖章。故选 A 项。 第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Researchers from the University of Surrey interviewed 500 people. They asked them questions about their lifestyle, such as what time of day they ____41____ (prefer) to do exercise and how difficult they found ____42____ to wake up in the morning. ____43____ (Compare) their answers to the people’s DNA, Scientists discovered that we all have a “clock” gene, also ____44____ (call) a PER3 gene. This gene can be long or short. People who have the long gene are usually people who are very good in the morning, but get tired early al night. People who have the shorter gene are usually people who are ____45____ (active) at night but have problems waking up early in the morning. How does it help us to know we have the long or short gene? Scientists say that ____46____ we should do is changing our ____47____ (routine) to fit our “body clock”. If you are a “morning person” then you could start work early and finish early. But if you are bad in the morning, then it might be better to start work in the afternoon and work ____48____ late at night. In ____49____ (conclude), don’t work from nine to five, but from seven to three or twelve to eight， _____50_____. 【答案】41. preferred 42. it 43. Comparing 44. called 45. more active 46. what 47. routines 48. until 49. conclusion 50. instead 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述科学家通过一个研究调查发现早起和基因有关，并提出了关于工 作时间段的建议。 【41 题详解】 - 20 - 考查动词时态。句意：研究人员询问了这些人的生活方式，比如他们更喜欢在一天中的什么 时间锻炼，以及他们早上醒来有多困难。根据上下文可知，这个调查是过去发生的，与主语 的谓语动词 asked 一致，故此处应该用一般过去时态。故填 preferred。 【42 题详解】 考查 it 作形式宾语。句意：研究人员询问了这些人的生活方式，比如他们更喜欢在一天中的 什么时间锻炼，以及他们早上醒来有多困难。分析句子可知，此处句型结构为主谓语后接 it 作形式宾语，to wake up in the morning 为真正的宾语。故填 it。 【43 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们将他们的答案与人们的 DNA 进行比较，发现我们都有一个 “时钟”基因，也被称为 PER3 基因。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，compare 这个动作 与主语之间是主动关系，故用现在分词做状语，表示主动意义。故填 Comparing。 【44 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们将他们的答案与人们的 DNA 进行比较，发现我们都有一个 “时钟”基因，也被称为 PER3 基因。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，call 修饰前面的 gene， 故用 called 作定语，表示被称作。故填 called。 【45 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：拥有更短基因的人通常在晚上更活跃，但在早上很难早起。根据 句子前面的 shorter 可知，此处为比较状态，前后文应一致。故填 more active。 【46 题详解】 考查主语从句的连接词。句意：科学家们说，我们应该做的是改变我们的日常生活习惯，以 适应我们的“生物钟”。分析句子可知，此处为宾语从句下的主语从句，根据从句型结构可 知，缺引导词，故用 what，表示应做的事情，在句中起名词性作用。故填 what。 【47 题详解】 考查名词单复数。句意：科学家们说，我们应该做的是改变我们的日常生活习惯，以适应我 们的“生物钟”。根据句意可知，我们的日常习惯肯定不止一个，routine 为可数名词，应用 名词的复数形式。故填 routines。 【48 题详解】 考查介词的用法。句意：但是如果你是在早上感觉不好，那么最好在下午开始工作，一直工 作到深夜。分析句子可知，从下午开始工作，工作时间是连续的，此处应该是工作直到深夜。 故填 until。 - 21 - 【49 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：总之，不要从九点工作到五点，而是从七点工作到三点或从十二点工 作到八点。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语 in conclusion，意为“总之”。故填 conclusion。 【50 题详解】 考查副词的用法。句意：总之，不要从九点工作到五点，而是从七点工作到三点或从十二点 工作到八点。分析句子可知，九点到五点工作与七点到三点或者十二点到八点工作之间是一 个替代选择关系，且句中有 but，前后之间是转折关系，故填 instead，意为“代替，相反”。 故填 instead。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分；满分 10 分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 I went outside at about 4:30 on the afternoon to feed the dogs. At that time, the snowstorm was not so bad, so I didn’t wear many. Soon the visibility become very bad and when I tried to go back, I could not find my tent. I tried to find the trail of a sled, but fortunately it disappeared. I always carried tools in my pocket and I used them to dig a shallow ditch. Before I was in the ditch, snow covered me in five seconds. I thought under the snow I would be warm, but I was cold, because of I didn’t wear much. When I was digging, I felt warm, but inside the ditch I was trrible cold. Every 20 or 30 minutes I would jump out of the ditch and jump up and down and rubbing my arms to keep warm. Finally, heard a voice outside the ditch, I saw my friend Will. I ran toward him and I was too happy to see that so many people tried to look me in the snowstorm. I felt the human love—everybody was crying and I cried too. 【答案】1.on→in 2.many→much - 22 - 3.become→became 4.fortunately→unfortunately 5.Before→After 6.去掉 of 7.terrible→terribly 8.rubbing→rub 9.heard→hearing 10.look 后加 for 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者在暴风雪时外出，结果掉进沟里，最终被人找到的事情。 【详解】1.考查介词。句意：我大约在下午 4:30 出去喂狗。表示“在下午”短语为 in the afternoon。故 on 改为 in。 2.考查副词。句意：那时候，暴风雪还没那么严重，所以我没穿多少衣服。根据后文“I didn’t wear much”可知指“穿太多衣服”应用 wear much。故 many 改为 much。 3.考查动词时态。句意：很快，能见度变得非常差，当我试图回去时，我找不到我的帐篷了。 事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故 become 改为 became。 4.考查副词。句意：我试图寻找雪橇的踪迹，但不幸的是雪橇不见了。结合句意表示“不幸地” 应用副词 unfortunately。故 fortunately 改为 unfortunately。 5.考查连词。句意：我掉进沟里后，五秒钟就被雪覆盖了。引导时间状语从句，表示“在…… 之后”应用 after，before 表示“在……之前”不符合语境。故 Before 改为 After。 6.考查状语从句。句意：我以为在雪地里会很暖和，但我很冷，因为我没穿多少衣服。引导原 因状语从句，表示“因为”应用 because，后跟句子；because of 后跟短语；此处后文 I didn’t wear much 为句子，应用 because。故去掉 of。 7.考查副词。句意：当我挖的时候，我觉得很暖和，但在沟里我却冷得要命。修饰后文形容词 cold 应用副词 terribly，作状语。故 terrible 改为 terribly。 8.考查情态动词+动词原形。句意：每隔 20 到 30 分钟，我就会跳出沟里，跳上跳下，揉搓手 臂保暖。would 后跟动词原形，rub 与 jump out of 和 jump up and down 为 and 连接的并列谓语， 应用原形。故 rubbing 改为 rub。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意：终于，听到沟外有声音，我看见了我的朋友威尔。分析句子结构可 - 23 - 知 hear 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 I 构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故 heard 改为 hearing。 10.考查介词。句意：我跑向他，我很高兴看到这么多人试图在暴风雪中寻找我。结合句意表 示“寻找”短语为 look for。故 look 后加 for。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 52. 假定你是李华，你校将举行主题为“做文化使者”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇参赛演讲 稿，内容包括： 1. 做文化使者的原因； 2. 如何去做文化使者。 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出。 Respected teachers, my fellow students. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Li Hua 【答案】Respected teachers, my fellow students. I am honored to give you a speech, whose topic is “Being a cultural ambassador”. As we all know, China is country with a long history and splendid culture. As Chinese, it is our duty to spread our culture to the world. There are many ways for us to be a cultural ambassador. First, we should try our best to be a fluent English speaker, which will enable us to communicate with foreigners without difficulty. Secondly, we can volunteer to be a guide to introduce our customs’ history and so on. Thirdly, we can also help foreigners learn China’s language and culture. Everybody can be a cultural ambassador, so let’s take action now! - 24 - Thanks for listening. Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇提纲类写作，要求写一篇演讲稿。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你校将举行主题为“做文化使者”的英语 演讲比赛。请你写一篇参赛演讲稿，内容包括：1. 做文化使者的原因；2. 如何去做文化使者。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：be honored to(荣幸)；with a long history (有着悠久 历史)；spread (传播)；a cultural ambassador (文化使者)等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要 应用一般现在时。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表 达方式，如 I am honored to give you a speech, whose topic is “Being a cultural ambassador”.运用了 非限制性定语从句；There are many ways for us to be a cultural ambassador.运用了 there be 句型。 全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分 明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。