2021届湖北省武汉市部分学校高三起点质量检测英语试题（教师版含解析）

2021届湖北省武汉市部分学校高三起点质量检测英语试题（教师版含解析）

2020-2021 学年度武汉市部分学校高三起点质量检测 英语试题 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在 本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将答题卡上交。 第一部分：听力 第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where did the man work before June? A. In a school. B. In a restaurant. C. In the army. 2. What does the woman think of her university life? A. Boring. B. Challenging. C. Interesting. 3. When will the woman go to work? A. On February 18. B. On February 22. C. On February 14. 4. What’s the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Coach and athlete. B. Doctor and patient. C. Husband and wife. 5. How will they go for the meeting? A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By subway. 第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What’s Mrs. Roberts doing now? A. Eating her breakfast. B. Trying her new recipe. C. Preparing a chemistry paper. 7. What kind of person is John? A. A creative cook. B. A kind teacher. C. A hard-working student. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What does the man suggest to stop speeding? A. Making new rules. B. Giving drivers a fine. C. Setting speed cameras. 9. What is the possible reason for the Germans driving responsibly? A. Better education. B. Less powerful cars. C. Stricter speed limits. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What is the woman’s key to staying young? A. Keeping active. B. Taking exercise. C. Pursuing dreams. 11. What does the woman do? A. She runs a computer store. B. She teaches biology at school. C. She works at a medical college. 12. What is the man’s dream? A. To be a biologist. B. To be a doctor. C. To be a businessman. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Who might be the woman speaker? A. A bus driver. B. A travel agent. C. A hotel manager. 14. Why did the man wait in the heat for two hours? A. The bus broke down. B. The bus driver felt sick. C. The hotel rooms were full. 15. What does the man complain about? A. Impolite hotel cleaners. B. Rude people living downstairs. C. Upsetting noise and terrible food. 16. How did the man feel about the woman’s offer? A. Unacceptable. B. Understandable. C. Sincere. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why did Donna join the Green Group? A. To help people. B. To make money. C. To continue her project. 18. Where did Donna grow up? A. In a village. B. On a farm. C. In a town. 19. How did Donna help the local villagers in Brazil? A. Teach them history. B. Organize a watering project. C. Advise them to plant trees. 20. What made Donna decide to return to Brazil? A. Her love for the country. B. Her interest in its culture. C. Her desire to be a teacher. 第二部分：阅读 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A What’s on your travel list for 2020? I’ve consulted several travel experts to find out the top places in the USA worth visiting in 2020. Where: New Orleans, Louisiana Why: New Orleans is known for its music and food scene-not to mention the festivals. It has about 130 festivals each year so there’s really no bad time to visit. Bourbon Street is the obvious choice for food, drink and jazz and it’s definitely a must-visit location, especially for first-timers to the city. Where: Vail Village, Colorado Why: Vail is the perfect destination for travelers looking to find almost everything in one central spot. Stay at the amazing Four Seasons Resort and Residences Vail to be steps away from Vail Village, a popular town with cobblestone (鹅卵石) streets for wandering leisurely. The country’s largest free transportation system runs frequently, making it easy to access almost anywhere from Vail Village to Lionshead Village. Where: Hudson Valley, New York Why: The Hudson Valley is where New Yorkers go to escape the city when they need a healthy dose of nature and relaxation. Just an hour and half north of New York City, the Hudson Valley is made up of small, impossibly charming towns, where the air is fresher and things do move slower in the mountains. 1. You can enjoy different things in New Orleans except ________. A. scenery B. music C. festivals D. food 2. Which place would you prefer if you like wandering leisurely? A. Bourbon Street. B. Vail Village. C. Lionshead Village. D. New Orleans. 3. What can New Yorkers enjoy in the Hudson Valley? A. Ancient towns. B. Healthy diets. C. Slow movement. D. Inner peace. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个 2020 年美国最值得去的地方，文章介绍了它们的位置和特色等信息。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 New Orleans is known for its music and food scene-not to mention the festivals.可知 新奥尔良以其音乐和美食闻名——更不用说节日了。由此可知，你可以在新奥尔良享受到音乐、节日和美 食，除了风景。故选 A。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 Stay at the amazing Four Seasons Resort and Residences Vail to be steps away from Vail Village, a popular town with cobblestone (鹅卵石) streets for wandering leisurely.可知入住令人惊艳的韦尔 四季度假酒店和公寓，离韦尔村只有几步之遥，韦尔村是一个拥有鹅卵石街道的热门小镇，适合悠闲地漫 步。由此可知，如果你喜欢悠闲地漫步，你会更喜欢 Vail Village。故选 B。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 The Hudson Valley is where New Yorkers go to escape the city when they need a healthy dose of nature and relaxation. Just an hour and half north of New York City, the Hudson Valley is made up of small, impossibly charming towns, where the air is fresher and things do move slower in the mountains.可知哈 德逊谷是纽约人逃离城市的地方，在这里他们可以享受到自然和放松。哈德逊河谷位于纽约市以北一个半 小时车程的地方，它由许多迷人得难以置信的小镇组成，那里的空气更新鲜，山里的生活节奏也更慢。由 此可推知，纽约人在哈德逊河谷能享受到内心的平静。故选 D。 B Twenty years ago, I became involved in pet therapy (治疗) work. As digging deeper into the job, I had an urge to be a recorder of their daily work to let more and more people know their efforts and contributions. After all, they could not say our languages. It was when I got familiar with the work that I got my golden retriever puppy (金毛寻 回犬), whom I named Angel. As she matured and went through obedience training, I realized that she would be a good partner. Angel is ten now and still works every week. As a rule, she visits two hospitals, a day care for the elderly, and our library’s PAWS for Reading program. Angel has also helped out at a children’s special-needs camp. She is so popular that everywhere we go people recognize her, especially the kids she has worked with. We have seen some very special things through our pet therapy work. I brought Angel to our local hospital to visit a woman who was completely paralyzed (瘫痪的) on her right side from a stroke. One day, my husband, Jack asked her if she wanted to give Angel a treat. She nodded and gently took the treat, raised her right hand and started petting Angel. Her friend was in the room and said, “She hasn’t been able to move that hand since she had her stroke!” Somehow it seems appropriate that when Angel visits the hospital, she also performs tricks for the patients with her paws. The best one is when she crouches on the floor and crosses her paws. She stays still and doesn’t move until Jack says “Best wishes”. It’s the best wishes for all the people Angel meets as well as for her. 4. Why does the author want to be a recorder? A. Pets cannot record themselves. B. Pets should be highly praised. C. Pets’ labor should be made aware of. D. Pets daily work is important. 5. How is Angel’s work? A. Busy but rewarding. B. Interesting but tiring. C. Funny and amusing. D. Important and demanding. 6. What did Angel do for the paralyzed woman? A. She cured her disease. B. She visited her at times. C. She gave her best wishes. D. She played tricks on her. 7. What is the best title for the passage? A. A loyal dog. B. Selfless love. C. A silent angel. D. Great devotion. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者参与宠物疗法(治疗)工作。并随着工作的深入，作者录下宠物的日常工作， 在工作中，作者认识了金毛猎犬小狗(金毛寻回犬)，取名天使。随着的宠物治疗工作的进行，作者看到了一 些非常温暖人心的事情，他们虽然不会说话，但是他们以自己的方式给身边的人带来了良好的愿望。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。本题题干意为：为什么作者想成为一名记录员?根据第一段 As digging deeper into the job, I had an urge to be a recorder of their daily work to let more and more people know their efforts and contributions.随着 工作的深入，我很想记录下他们的日常工作，让更多的人知道他们的努力和贡献。可知 C 项：宠物的劳动 应该被大家注意到。符合题意；故答案为 C。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。本题题干意为：安吉尔是怎样工作的？根据文章第二段 As a rule, she visits two hospitals, a day care for the elderly, and our library’s PAWS for Reading program. Angel has also helped out at a children’s special-needs camp. She is so popular that everywhere we go people recognize her, especially the kids she has worked with.可知安吉尔工作非常忙里并且很受欢迎，故 A 项：忙碌但有所回报的。符合题意。B 项：有趣， 但是很累。C 项：有趣的和有趣的。D：重要和要求高的。均不符合题意。故答案为 A。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。本题题干意为：安吉尔为瘫痪的女人做了什么?根据文章第三段 She nodded and gently took the treat, raised her right hand and started petting Angel. Her friend was in the room and said, “She hasn’t been able to move that hand since she had her stroke!”和第四段 Somehow it seems appropriate that when Angel visits the hospital, 可知安吉尔会去医院看他们。可知正确选项为 B 项：她有时去看她。A 项：她治好了她的病。C 项：她给了她最好的祝愿。D 项：她捉弄了她；均不合题意。故答案为 B。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。通过全文概可知，文章主要介绍了作者认识了金毛猎犬小狗(金毛寻回犬)，取名安吉尔。随着 的宠物治疗工作的进行，作者看到了一些非常温暖人心的事情，他虽然不会说话，但是他们以自己的方式 给身边的人带来了良好的愿望。可知 C 项：一个无声的天使符合题意；故正确答案为 C。 C When you really love a book, or have just scored a new one that you’re dying to read, it can be exciting to pick up a smooth, shiny hardcover copy that creaks a little bit when you open it. But those hardcover books can be heavy, and new ones aren’t cheap, either. Sometimes, you’d just rather have a portable paperback—but if it’s a new book you’re after, you might have to wait a full year or so to get it in paperback form. Why are books released as hardcovers first? Not so long ago, hardcover books were the only type of books. Before the appearance of mass production, print runs were limited, and books were hard-bound and expensive. Around the 1930s, that changed with the production of mass-produced paperback books, which consisted with a huge surge in reading as a leisure activity around World War II. Paperback books were more affordable and cheaper to produce, which still holds true today. Despite the seeming advantages of paperbacks, there are several reasons why the hardcover has persisted. Because of its history, it conveys a bit more legitimacy (正统性) in the book world than the paperback does.” The hardback is a mark of quality…it shows booksellers and reviewers that this is a book worth paying attention to,” Philip Jones, editor at the Bookseller, explains to The Guardian. But the major reason why books come out as hardeovers is that people buy them, despite their higher cost. The Economist compares it to movies being released in theaters several months before they arrive on DVD. “Just as film fans like to see films on the big screen, collectors enjoy the hardback’s superior quality,” according to The Economist. And because they’re profitable, publishers can gain more from hardcovers, which “will often sell at twice the price of their paperback equivalent but do not cost twice as much to produce,” Jones explains. 8. What can we learn about hardcover books from paragraph1? A. They appeal to real book-lovers. B. They are heavy but not expensive. C. They take a long time to come out. D. They are not preferred by book-lovers. 9. What does the underlined word “surge” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Drop. B. Success. C. Blow. D. Increase. 10. Why are hardback books still printed today? A. They are brilliantly edited. B. They are worth collecting. C. They convey correct information. D. They sell better than paperbacks. 11. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce hardcover books. B. To present a new social finding. C. To explain a confusing problem. D. To encourage people to read books. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。精装书比平装书更贵，但是为什么书籍首先以精装书的形式发行呢？文章主要就此现 象解释了精装书和平装书演变的历史，以及如今仍印刷精装书的原因。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 When you really love a book, or have just scored a new one that you’re dying to read, it can be exciting to pick up a smooth, shiny hardcover copy that creaks a little bit when you open it.可知当你真的 很喜欢一本书，或者刚刚得到一本你非常想读的新书时，拿起一本光滑、闪亮的精装书是一件令人兴奋的 事情，当你打开它的时候，它会吱吱作响。由此可知，精装书吸引了真正的图书爱好者。故选 A。 【9 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词上文 Around the 1930s, that changed with the production of mass-produced paperback books 以及后文 in reading as a leisure activity around World War II 可知大约在 20 世纪 30 年代，随着大量生产 的平装书的生产，加上在第二次世界大战前后，将阅读作为一种休闲活动的人数量增多了，所以都是精装 书的情况发生了变化。由此可知，划线词意思为“增加”。A. Drop.落下；B. Success.成功；C. Blow.吹；D. Increase.增加。故选 D。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Just as film fans like to see films on the big screen, collectors enjoy the hardback’s superior quality,” according to The Economist.可知《经济学人》称：“就像影迷喜欢在大屏幕上看电影一样， 收藏者也喜欢精装书的高品质。”由此可知，精装书到今天还在印刷，因为它们值得收藏。故选 B。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 Why are books released as hardcovers first?可知为什么书籍首先以精装书的 形式发行？结合文章说明了精装书比平装书更贵，但是为什么书籍首先以精装书的形式发行呢？文章主要 就此现象解释了精装书和平装书演变的历史，以及如今仍印刷精装书的原因。由此可推知，这篇文章的主 要目的是为了解释一个令人困惑的问题。故选 C。 D Never play games with a bot(robot)—it will find a way to cheat if it can. A team from OpenAI, an artificial intelligence lab in San Francisco, has developed artificially intelligent bots that taught themselves to cooperate by playing hide-and-seek. The bots also learned how to use basic tools to help them win. Bowen Baker at Open AI and his colleagues wanted to see if the team-based dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day be useful to humans. The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated (模拟的) environment filled with fixed walls, movable boxes and ladders, and left them to play team games of hide-and-seek. The bots each had their own view of the world and couldn’t communicate with each other directly. At first, the hiders simply ran away. But they soon worked out that the quickest way to stop the seekers was to find objects in the environment to hide themselves from view. The seekers learned that they could move boxes around and use them to climb over walls. The bots then discovered that being a team-player -passing objects to each other or cooperating on a hideout -was the quickest way to win. But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults. Seekers found that if they pushed a ladder towards a wall, they could launch themselves into the air and spot hiders from above. Hiders found that they could get rid of the ladders by pushing them aside. It shows that AIs are able to find solutions that humans miss, says Baker. “Maybe they’ll even be able to solve problems that humans don’t yet know how to.” However, it is a large leap (跳跃) from virtual hide and seek to real problem-solving. “The main limitation is that it is in simulation,” says Chelsea Finn at Stanford University. 12. Why did Bowen and his colleagues conduct the research? A. To teach bots to play games. B. To train bots to use basic tools. C. To find if bots may cheat like humans. D. To see the potential of robots cooperation. 13. What’s the third paragraph mainly about? A. The tools of the research. B. The design of the research. C. The competitors of the game. D. The environment of the game. 14. What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Passing objects. B. Moving boxes around. C. Making use of faults. D. Hiding themselves from view. 15. What does Chelsea think of the finding of the research? A. It can bridge a gap in the AI research. B. It will not be influenced by the real world. C. It will definitely help the real problem-solving. D. It may not be realized out of the virtual world. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了来自旧金山人工智能实验室 OpenAI 的一个团队开发出了通过玩捉迷藏自 学合作的人工智能机器人，这些机器人还学会了如何使用基本工具来帮助自己获胜。文章介绍了他们进行 这项研究的原因、他们的研究设计和研究结果表明机器人利用问题或缺陷能够找到人类所忽略的解决方案。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 Bowen Baker at Open AI and his colleagues wanted to see if the team-based dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day be useful to humans.可知 OpenAI 的 Bowen Baker 和他的同事们想看看 OpenAI 5 的团队合作能力能否被用来产生将来对人类有用的技能。由此可知， Bowen 和他的同事进行这项研究，是为了看机器人合作的潜力。故选 D。 【13 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段 The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated (模拟的) environment filled with fixed walls, movable boxes and ladders, and left them to play team games of hide-and-seek. The bots each had their own view of the world and couldn’t communicate with each other directly.可知研究人员将他们的机器人置于一 个充满固定墙壁、可移动的盒子和梯子的模拟环境中，让它们玩团队捉迷藏游戏。每个机器人都有自己的 世界观，不能直接与对方交流。由此可知，第三段主要讲了研究设计。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段 But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults. Seekers found that if they pushed a ladder towards a wall, they could launch themselves into the air and spot hiders from above. Hiders found that they could get rid of the ladders by pushing them aside.可知但真正令人惊讶的是， 当机器人开始利用问题或缺陷。搜索者发现，如果他们把梯子推到墙上，他们就能跳到空中，从上面找到 躲藏者。躲藏者发现他们可以把梯子推到一边来摆脱它们。由此可知，机器人利用问题或故障的行为，表 明人工智能能够找到人类所忽略的解决方案。即 it 指的是“利用缺陷”。故选 C。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The main limitation is that it is in simulation,” says Chelsea Finn at Stanford University.可知斯坦福大学的 Chelsea Finn 表示：“主要的限制在于它处于模拟状态。”由此可推知，Chelsea 认为这项研究的发现在虚拟世界之外可能无法实现。故选 D。 第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 So often we find ourselves on autopilot—waking up in the same home, putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same-old job.____16____And while it’s perfectly natural for humans to stick to routine, there’s much to be discovered beyond the limits of our comfort zones. There is no exception to a man aged 53.____17____He knew it was going to be hard to find another job. He also knew it was now or never to pursue his lifelong dream of owning his own restaurant. But he was too old to compete with the young and too weak to do any labor work. ____18____He didn’t want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself. Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children. ____19____Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期).____20____But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day. He had to borrow money from friends and relatives. After that, he changed the name to Black Dog Coffee, and made it alive again. Eighteen years later, they’re still there and doing better than ever. Brian says he’s extremely grateful for the decision to make a change. A. Then came the opportunity. B. The thought filled him with anxiety. C. That was exactly what Brian needed. D. Even our New Year’s decisions to change hardly make it. E. With the support of his family, he took a job in the local cafe. F. Several weeks after consideration, he decided to have a change. G. Brian Mockenhaupt got laid off from a senior management position. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。虽然对人类来说，循规蹈矩是再自然不过的事情，但在我们的舒适区之外，还有很多东 西有待发现。文章主要记叙了 53 岁被迫下岗的 Brian Mockenhaupt 选择做出改变，在家人的支持下，开始 经营一家咖啡馆的故事。 【16 题详解】 根据上文 So often we find ourselves on autopilot—waking up in the same home, putting on the same clothes and taking the same transportation to the same-old job.可知所以，我们经常发现自己处于自动驾驶状态——在同一 个家里醒来，穿上同样的衣服，乘坐同样的交通工具去做同样的工作。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，人 们总是在重复相同的事情，所以做出改变的决定往往变得很难实现。故 D 选项“即使我们在新年做出改变 的决定也很难实现”符合语境，故选 D。 【17 题详解】 根据后文 He knew it was going to be hard to find another job.可知他知道再找一份工作会很困难。由此可知， 本句应当是在说明某一个人下岗失去了工作的事情，结合下一段中 Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.( Mockenhaupt 太太也积极鼓励他向前看，认为这是他们俩人开 创自己事业的绝佳机会，有足够的时间，没有孩子的打扰)可知这个人就是 Brian Mockenhaupt。故 G 选项 “Brian Mockenhaupt 从一个高级管理职位上下岗了”符合语境，故选 G。 【18 题详解】 根据后文 He didn’t want to spend his rest life sitting around and feeling pity for himself. Also, Mrs. Mockenhaupt actively encouraged him to move on, considering it a perfect chance for two of them to start their own business with plenty of time and without the disturbance of children.可知他不想让自己的下半生无所事事地可怜自己。 Mockenhaupt 太太也积极鼓励他继续生活，认为这是他们俩人开创自己事业的绝佳机会，有足够的时间，没 有孩子的打扰。由此可知，Brian Mockenhaupt 决定做出一些改变，因为他不想让自己的下半生无所事事地 可怜自己。故 F 选项“经过几个星期的考虑，他决定改变一下”符合语境，故选 F。 【19 题详解】 根据后文 Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期).可知 Brian 在离他家 8 个街区的地方找到了 他想要的东西——一家现有的咖啡馆，该咖啡馆的业绩不佳，其老板想要解除租约。由此可知，上一段提 到 Brian 想要改变一下，后文提到有一家咖啡馆想要解除租约，说明 Brian 改变的机会来了。故 A 选项“机 会来了”符合语境，故选 A。 【20 题详解】 根据上文 Brian found just what he wanted eight blocks from home—an existing cafe that was underperforming and whose owner was highly motivated to get out of his lease (租期).(Brian 在离他家 8 个街区的地方找到了他想 要的东西——一家现有的咖啡馆，该咖啡馆的业绩不佳，其老板想要解除租约)以及后文 But the problem was that he had never financially planned for this day. He had to borrow money from friends and relatives.(但问题是， 他从来没有为这一天做过财务计划。他不得不向亲戚朋友借钱)由此可知，离家不远就有咖啡馆可以接手， 这正是渴望改变的 Brian 所需要的的。后文他向亲戚朋友借钱也说明他想要租下咖啡馆。故 C 选项“这正是 Brian 所需要的”符合语境，故选 C。 第三部分：语言运用 第一节 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 My journey to isolation (隔离) was somewhat accidental. I saw an advertisement for a job as a leader for an expedition (探险) to Antarctica-and I have to____21____it was the penguin in the ad that____22____my attention. The ad noted that they were looking for someone to lead a____23____of expeditioners in one of the most____24____and isolated places on the planet. I took part in an____25____and then got a job that I knew I would regret if I didn’t____26____it. Leading 18 strangers for a full year-through months of darkness and with no____27____from the freezing cold -----I learned some____28____lessons. After the journey, I wrote two best-selling books and became a motivational speaker. Being in isolation meant I had to do lots of self____29____.I kept a_____30_____, and every day I would think_____31_____of how I had operated as a leader. That discipline of_____32_____myself taught me how to tell right from wrong. I often think back to_____33_____I saw the picture of the penguin that_____34_____me to look at the ad for the job. It’s a moment that_____35_____my life completely. 21. A. admit B. believe C. indicate D. realize 22. A. demanded B. deserved C. caught D. needed 23. A. flood B. couple C. team D. handful 24. A. awful B. remote C. promising D. disturbing 25. A. experiment B. interview C. election D. investigation 26. A. make for B. prepare for C. register for D. go for 27. A. escape B. departure C. protection D. defence 28. A. hard B. powerful C. private D. terrible 29. A. service B. repair C. study D. reflection 30. A. pet B. secret C. journal D. promise 31. A. clearly B. carefully C. highly D. badly 32. A. evaluating B. forgiving C. behaving D. enjoying 33. A. where B. why C. when D. how 34. A. enabled B. permitted C. allowed D. inspired 35. A. improved B. formed C. ended D. changed 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文，作者偶然看到一则招聘南极洲探险队领队的广告，就应聘了这个工作，然后带领着探险 队员去南极探险，度过了数月的严寒和黑暗，以及探险归来后作者总结与感悟等等。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不承认广告中的企鹅才是我关注的对象。A. admit 承认；B. believe 相信； C. indicate 暗示，表明；D. realize 认识到。作者一开始就认为是招聘广告中的企鹅照片引起了他的注意，故 选 A 项。 【22 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不得不承认广告中的企鹅才是我关注的对象。A. demanded 强烈要求；B. deserved 值得；C. caught 抓住，引起；D. needed 需要。动词短语 catch one’s attention 意为“引起某人的注意”，是 固定搭配，故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这则广告指出，他们正在寻找一个人带领一支探险队，前往地球上最遥远和最 偏远的地方之一。A. flood 洪水；B. couple 几个；C. team 队，组；D. handful 有害的。a team of 一队，固定 名词短语，a team of expeditioners 意为一支探险队，故选 C 项。 【24 题详解】 考查形容词的词义辨析。句意：这则广告指出，他们正在寻找一个人带领一队探险队，前往地球上最遥远 和最偏远的地方之一。A. awful 坏的，可怕的；B. remote 遥远的；C. promising 有希望的；D. disturbing 烦 恼的。根据文中开头提到作者看到一则招聘南极洲探险队领队的广告，南极是一个地球上最偏远的地方， 故选 B 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词的词义辨析。句意：我参加了一个面试，然后得到了一份工作，我知道如果我不去的话，我会后 悔的。A. experiment 实验；B. interview 面试；C. election 选择；D. investigation 调查。根据上文，作者被一 则招聘探险队领队的招聘广告吸引，因此决定应聘，可知此处是参加了这个招聘的面试。故选 B。 【26 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我参加了一个面试，然后得到了一份工作，我知道如果我不选择去的话，会后 悔的。A. make for 导致，造成；B. prepare for 准备；C. register for 注册；D. go for 选择，倾心于。通过了面 试得到工作后，接下来面临的是是否选择它，故选 D。 【27 题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：我带领 18 个陌生人在黑暗中度过了数月的黑暗，无法摆脱寒冷的严寒。A. escape 逃跑；B. departure 出发；C. protection 保护；D. defence 保卫，保护。escape from 逃脱，是固定搭配，no escape from 意为无法逃脱。故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词的词义辨析。句意：我学到了一些强有力的教训。A. hard 艰难的；B. powerful 强大的，有效的； C. private 私有的；D. terrible 可怕的。南极探险，历经严寒困苦，根据下文，探险归来后，作者成了一名励 志演说家。故作者在探险过程中，学到了很多强大有效的教训。故选 B。 【29 题详解】 考查名词的词义辨析。句意：与世隔绝意味着我要做大量的自我反省。A. service 服务；B. repair 修补；C. study 学习，研究；D. reflection 映像，反映。作为南极探险队的领导者，必须独立面对很多问题，做好决策与反 思。故选 D。 【30 题详解】 考查名词的词义辨析。句意：我写日记。A. pet 宠物；B. secret 秘密；C. journal 刊物，日记；D. promise 诺 言，许诺。keep a journal 写日记，固定搭配，故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查副词的词义辨析。句意：每天都会仔细思考自己作为一个领导者，是如何运作的。A. clearly 清楚地；B. carefully 仔细地；C. highly 很高地；D. badly 糟糕地。副词做状语修饰 think。作为探险队的领队，做每一个 决策都要仔细认真，故选 B。 【32 题详解】 考查动词的词义辨析。句意：自我评价的原则教会了我如何分辨是非。A. evaluating 评价，评估；B. forgiving 原谅，宽恕；C. behaving 表现；D. enjoying 享受。上文提到作者在探险中做大量的自我反思，以及写日记 等。这些工作有利于作者自我评价，故选 A。 【33 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我经常回想起当我看到那只企鹅的照片的时候，是那张照片激发了我去看这个 招聘广告。A. where 地方； B. why 原因；C. when 时候；D. how 怎样。作者回忆的是当初看到招聘广告 的那个时候，when 作时间状语从句的连接词，故选 C。 【34 题详解】 考查动词的词义辨析。句意：我经常回想起当我看到那只企鹅的照片的时候，是那张照片激发了我去看这 个招聘广告。A. enabled 使能够；B. permitted 允许；C. allowed 允许；D. inspired 激励，激发。广告上的企 鹅图片激发了作者对招聘广告的兴趣，故选 D。 【35 题详解】 考查动词的词义辨析。句意：就是那一刻，彻底改变了我的生活。A. improved 提高；B. formed 形成；C. ended 结束； D. changed 改变。根据文章开头，作者去南极探险之旅，完全是源于偶然看到了那则招聘广告， 然后才踏上探险之旅。故就在看到广告那一刻，他的生活彻底地改变了。故选 D。 【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索” 的原则来查找信息。例如，第 12 小题上文提到作者在探险中做大量的自我反思，以及写日记等，这些工作 有利于作者自我评价，故选 A。还可以根据地理常识进行解答。比如：4 小题，我们都知道，南极是地球上 最遥远和最偏远的地方之一，remote 遥远的，故选 B 项。 第二节 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Like many, Dean once viewed surfing as a lifestyle, not a sport. He came to it several years____36____earning his graduate degree and going to work at a clinic. “As I surfed more frequently,” he says, “I started to think about it____37____(different)-what do I need to do to catch more waves____38____make more turns?” Dean’s clinical background was the key factor____39____led him to begin reconsidering those ideas. When his son started catching waves with friends, he asked____40____(many)questions: Why don’t surfers train the way football players do? He____41____(assess)the boys’ movements on the water and developed conditioning plans involving unstable surfaces. He reviewed hours of video footage,____42____(focus)on how their techniques could be improved. Dean opened a surf club in 2010.Over the____43____(year)he has trained Simpson, a US Open championship____44____(win), and other stars. “My whole goal,” Dean says, “_____45_____(be) to get top surfers to do what lots of major sports are already doing.” 【答案】36. after 37. differently 38. and 39. that/which 40. more 41. assessed 42. focusing 43. years 44. winner 45. is 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了 Dean 从喜欢冲浪运动到开办冲浪俱乐部的过程。 【36 题详解】 考查介词。句意：他是在获得研究生学位并在一家诊所工作几年之后，开始从事这项工作的。表示“在…… 之后”，用连词 after，所以填 after。 【37 题详解】 考查副词。该空修饰动词短语 think about，用副词，所以填 differently。 【38 题详解】 考查连词。句意：我需要做些什么才能抓住更多的海浪，做更多的转弯? catch more waves 和 make more turns 之间是并列关系，所以填 and。 【39 题详解】 考查定语从句。____4____led him to begin reconsidering those ideas.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词 the key factor，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词 that 或 which 引导该从句，所以填 that/which。 【40 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当他的儿子开始和朋友们一起冲浪时，他问了更多的问题。根据 Why don’t surfers train the way football players do?可知他问了更多的问题。more 更多的，所以填 more。 【41 题详解】 考查时态。整篇文章都在描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填 assessed。 【42 题详解】 考查现在分词。分析句子结构，____7____(focus)on how their techniques could be improved.是分词作状语， focus 与其逻辑主语 He 之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填 focusing。 【43 题详解】 考查名词的数。year 是可数名词，表示“他一直在训练辛普森的这些年”，是复数意义，用名词复数，所 以填 years。 【44 题详解】 考查名词。a US Open championship____9____(win)是 Simpson 的同位语，该空用名词，前面有不定冠词修 饰，用名词单数，所以填 winner。 【45 题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。描述主语现在的状态，用一般现在时；主语 My whole goal 是第三人称单数，谓语动 词用单数，所以填 is。 第四部分 写作 第一节 46. 你校三个月前发起了“我有一个好习惯”的活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动简介； 2. 你的好习惯； 3. 你的体会。 注意： 1. 写作词数为 80 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I Have A Good Habit ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The programme “I have a good habit” launched three months ago has aroused great interest among our students, since then our life has taken on a new dimension. In the past, I always started to get my work done till the last minute. When the programme began, I tried hard to force myself to do everything in time. With the encouragement from the people around me as well as my efforts, everything has changed --- I’ve made significant progress in my studies and made more friends in my class. I’m really grateful for the programme now. 【解析】 【分析】 本篇表达属于应用文，要求考生描述自己的好习惯。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时 要求： 1. 活动简介； 2. 你的好习惯； 3. 你的体会。 第二步:列提纲 (重点词组) launch; dimension; force; encouragement; make progress; be grateful for 第三步：连词成句 1. The programme “I have a good habit” launched three months ago has aroused great interest among our students, since then our life has taken on a new dimension. 2. I tired hard to force myself to do everything in time. 3. With the encouragement from the people around me as well as my efforts, 4. I’ve made significant progress in my studies and made more friends in my class. 5. I’m really grateful for the programme now. 根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇(衔接词) 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用了较多固定搭配运用了如 launch; dimension; force; encouragement; make progress; be grateful for 等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次 分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第二节 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。 Growing up, I understood one thing about my dad: He knew everything. This was our relationship: I asked him questions and he told me the answers. In my teen years, he taught me things I’d need to know to survive in the real world. When I moved out on my own, I called him usually when something broke into my apartment and I needed to know how to fix the toilet, the air-conditioner or the wall. But then, eventually, I needed him less. For everything, I had Google. I don’t know when it happened, but when I called our conversations developed into six words. Me: “Hi, Dad”. Him: “Hi, sweets. Here’s Mom.” I loved my dad, of course, but I wondered at times if maybe he had already shared everything I needed to know. Then, this past summer, I moved in with my parents for three weeks while my house was being repaired. They own a lake house, and Dad asked me to help him rebuild the bulkhead(隔板)at their dock(船坞). “How do you know how to build a bulkhead?” “I spent a summer in college building them on the Jersey shore.” “You did?” I thought I knew everything about my dad. I knew about the summer at the manufacturing plant that burned his hands raw, and even the tiny little kitchen, where he learned how to make the best pancake. But I never knew this. “Yes. Now come up here and let me teach you how to use this circulars saw (圆锯).” All of a sudden, I realized that maybe it’s not that there’s nothing left to say. Maybe it’s just that I’ve spent my life asking him the wrong questions. We ended up our talking but I was lost in thought.______________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ “Wait, Dad,” I said, “How are you?________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: We ended up our talking but I was lost in thought. For years, I had taken it for granted that dad could give me answers to any of my questions only if I asked, but seldom did I try to understand his life just like the summer when he was building bulkhead and what he wanted from me. Maybe he was also eager to share his story with me, or he wouldn’t have asked me to help him rebuild the bulkhead. After all, it was hard, manual labor. A few weeks later, after I moved back into my house, I called my parents. Dad answered. “Hi, sweets,” he said. “Here’s Mom.” Paragraph 2: “Wait, Dad,” I said. “How are you?” We talked a lot that day, from the little quarrel between him and my mom to the job he was working on. Nothing important. To anyone else, it would sound like a normal conversation between a dad and his daughter. But to me, it was novel, as well as to my dad. I sensed his voice with excitement and delight. It was a whole new beginning. I spent the first part of my life needing to talk to my dad. Now I talk to him because I want to. 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，小时候，作者一直认为父亲无所不知，有什么问题都 向父亲寻求帮助。长大后，作者觉得自己已经很了解父亲了，并且有问题可以从网络上搜索，以至于慢慢 地，和父亲没有什么话可说了。然后，在刚刚过去的这个夏天，作者搬去和自己的父母住了三个星期，作 者的父亲让作者帮他重建码头的隔板。 【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：我们结束了谈话，但我陷入了沉思……，所以应该写作者重 新审视自己对父亲是否真的了解，发现一直以来自己只是从父亲那里获得问题的答案，从未试图真正去了 解父亲的生活，本段详细描写作者内心的想法。第二段开头是：“等等，爸爸，”我说，“你好吗?”本段 应该写那天作者和父亲聊了很多，作者发现自己想和父亲说话，这是一个全新的开始。续写时要求使用 5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。 最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要 求完成写作任务。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如 A few weeks later, after I moved back into my house, I called my parents.时间状语从句的运用；Now I talk to him because I want to.原因状语从句的运用。