2019年度高考英语人教版必修三课堂要点精析讲义：Unit5SectionⅢGrammar—同位语从句

2019年度高考英语人教版必修三课堂要点精析讲义：Unit5SectionⅢGrammar—同位语从句

Section_ⅢGrammar—_同位语从句 语法图解 探究发现 ‎①Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast.‎ ‎②The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.‎ ‎③I made a promise that I would make him happy.‎ ‎④He hasn't made the decision whether he will go there.‎ ‎⑤A saying goes that where there is life, there is a hope.‎ ‎⑥Do you know of his suggestion that we start our work right away?‎ ‎[我的发现]‎ ‎(1)以上例句中的黑体部分均为同位语从句，用来解释说明所修饰名词的具体内容。‎ ‎(2)句④中同位语从句的连接词是whether，意为：是否；其他例句中的连接词是that，无实际意义，但不能省略。‎ ‎(3)句⑤中同位语从句与其他同位语从句的区别：句⑤中同位语从句与其修饰词隔离开。‎ ‎(4)句⑥中同位语从句的谓语动词为start，前面省略了should。‎ 一、同位语从句的定义 ‎1．在主从复合句中，在句中作某一名词尤其是抽象名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容的从句叫同位语从句。‎ ‎2．能跟同位语从句的名词一般是fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish, promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词。‎ I was shocked at the news that our team won the game.‎ 我被我们队赢了比赛这个消息震惊了。‎ He raised a question where we would have our meeting.‎ 他提出一个我们将在哪里举行会议的疑问。‎ 二、同位语从句的连接词及其功能 连词种类 连词 备注 从属连词 that 无意义，不作成分，不可省略 whether ‎“是否”，不作成分，不能用if代替 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 有词义，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 连接副词 where, when, why, how 有词义，作状语 I'm not sure about the question whether he will come.‎ 对于他来不来这个问题，我不太确定。‎ They were worried over the fact that you were sick.‎ 他们为你生病发愁。‎ I have no idea when he will come back.‎ 我不知道他什么时候回来。‎ The question who should go abroad required consideration.‎ 谁会出国这个问题还需要考虑。‎ She had no idea why she thought of him suddenly.‎ 她不明白她为什么突然想到了他。‎ ‎[即时演练1]　用适当的连接词填空 ‎①There is no doubt that house prices will go down.‎ ‎②We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.‎ ‎③The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.‎ ‎④I have no idea when he will start.‎ ‎⑤Do you have any idea what it means to be poor?‎ 三、同位语从句的注意事项 ‎1．分隔式同位语从句：有时同位语从句与其所说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，从而形成分隔式同位语从句，这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。‎ Word came that some wolves were caught around that village. ‎ 有消息传来说在那个村子周围捕获了几只狼。‎ ‎2．名词suggestion, order, demand, command, request, desire, proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. ‎ 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。‎ ‎3．在肯定句中，名词doubt后的同位语从句用whether引导；在否定句或疑问句中，doubt后的同位语从句用that引导。‎ There is some doubt whether he will leave.‎ 对于他是否离开有些疑问。‎ I have no doubt that he will win the game.‎ 我坚信他会赢得这场比赛。‎ ‎[即时演练2]　单句语法填空 ‎①He gave orders that the work (should)_be_started (start) immediately.‎ ‎②I have some doubt whether she will come on time.‎ ‎③There can be little doubt that this kind of class can help the gifted children to graduate earlier.‎ ‎④Word came that we would have lessons on Saturday.‎ 四、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 从意义上看 从引导词上看 作用相当于 对先行词的作用 that wh类引导词 同位语从句 名词 解释，‎ 说明 无意义，不作成分，不可省略 有意义，作成分，其前面无意义相当的先行词 定语从句 形容词 修饰，‎ 限制 that指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，作主语时不可省，有时可用which代替 有意义，作成分，其前面有意义相当的先行词； whether, how, what等不能用来引导定语从句 ‎　The fact that there is no life on the moon is known to us all.‎ 月球上没有生命这个事实大家都知道。(同位语从句)‎ The fact that he often talks about is useless to us.‎ 他经常谈论的这个事实对我们毫无用处。(定语从句)‎ ‎[即时演练3]‎ 判断加黑部分是定语从句还是同位语从句 ‎①He will never forget the days when he lived with his grandparents.定语从句 ‎②He has no idea when the meeting will be held.同位语从句 ‎③We are glad at the news that he will come.同位语从句 ‎④We are sad about the news that he told us.定语从句 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The news that we won the match is true.‎ ‎2．He asked a question where/when we should have the party.‎ ‎3．Li Ping repeated her request that we (should)_share (share) the cost.‎ ‎4．The question whether we need more time to do the work is not clear.‎ ‎5．There's no doubt that Taiwan belongs to China.‎ ‎6．We all had no idea who would take the place of our former boss.‎ ‎7．I still have no idea how they came here quickly in such a short time.‎ ‎8．The news that you told us last night made us very happy.‎ Ⅱ.单句写作 ‎1．I'm not know the question whether_she_will_believe_us.‎ 对于她是否相信我们这个问题，我不知道。‎ ‎2．A saying goes that_practice_makes_perfect.‎ 熟能生巧是谚语。‎ ‎3．He made a suggestion that_I_(should)_start_right_now.‎ 他提出建议我应该立刻动身。‎ ‎4．There is no doubt that_he_is_the_best_student_in_our_class.‎ 毫无疑问他是我们班最好的学生。‎ ‎5．I don't like the idea that_money_is_everything.‎ 我不喜欢“金钱就是一切”的观点。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 The news came 1.that Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in Literature. The reason 2.why we are so happy is 3.that Mo Yan is 4.the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize. 5.It is reported 6.that Mo Yan's books have been 7.sold (sell) out in many bookstores recently. It can be imagined 8.that more and more people will be interested 9.in reading and writing. I believe 10.that more Chinese people will be awarded the Nobel Prize in the future.‎