【英语】宁夏石嘴山市第三中学2020-2021学年高二上学期第一次月考试题（解析版）

【英语】宁夏石嘴山市第三中学2020-2021学年高二上学期第一次月考试题（解析版）

宁夏石嘴山市第三中学2020-2021学年高二上学期 第一次月考英语试题 第一部分 英语知识应用 （共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 单项选择 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ ‎1. When ________ to someone，I usually say，“Pleased to meet you.”‎ A. introduce B. introduced C. introducing D. am introduced ‎【答案】B ‎【详解】考查过去分词和省略。句意：当我被介绍给别人时，我通常会说：“很高兴认识你。分析句子结构可知，本句是when引导的时间状语从句，原句是When I am introduced to someone，这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语动词有be时，这时从句的主语与be同时省略，所以空处需用过去分词introduced。故选B。‎ ‎2. Like other animals, we are ________ until we know it is safe to relax.‎ A. on purpose B. on fire C. on guard D. on duty ‎【答案】C ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：像其他动物一样，我们在知道安全的时候才放松警惕。A. on purpose故意；B. on fire着火；C. on guard警惕；D. on duty值班。结合后文we know it is safe to relax.可知此处表示我们在知道安全的时候才放松警惕。be on guard“警惕，防备”。故选C。‎ ‎3. So every culture has ________ a formal way to greet strangers, to show them we are not aggressive.‎ A. made B. got C. developed D. taken ‎【答案】C ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以每一种文化都发展出了一种正式的向陌生人打招呼的方式，以示我们并不咄咄逼人。A. made制作；B. got获得；C. developed发展；D. taken带走，花费。根据后文a formal way to greet strangers可知是发展（developed）出了一种正式的向陌生人打招呼的方式。故选C。‎ ‎4. We shake hands when we make a ________.‎ A. reward B. sale C. deal D. agreement ‎【答案】C ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在做交易时握手。make a deal表示“做交易”，是固定搭配。根据句意，做交易的时候握手符合情境。故选C项。‎ ‎5. You can greet someone ________ saying “Hello”．‎ A. by B. with C. in D. at ‎【答案】A ‎【详解】考查介词。句意：你可以通过说“你好”来跟人打招呼。A. by表示“凭借”，B. with表示“伴随”，C. in表示“在……内”，D. at表示“在……点”，所以此处用by最合适。故选A项。‎ ‎6. The dog ________the cage without being seen.‎ A. escaped from B. ran away ‎ C. ran out D. escaped by ‎【答案】A ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这只狗从笼子里逃走了，没有被看见。A. escaped from从...逃离；B. ran away逃跑；C. ran out 跑出去；D. escaped by通过……逃跑。根据句意，此处表示从笼子里逃跑，只有A符合语法。故选A项。‎ ‎7. ------What is the language ________ in Australia?‎ ‎------Why! Everyone knows that Australia is ________country A. talked; an English-spoken B. speaking; a speaking-English C. spoken; a speaking English D. spoken; an English-speaking ‎【答案】D ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词和复合形容词。句意：---澳大利亚说什么语言?——呃!每个人都知道澳大利亚是一个讲英语的国家。根据句意，“说（某种语言）”应用动词speak，故排除A项，分析句子成分可知，第一空处名词the language做中心词，由________ in Australia作后置定语修饰，所给词speak与名词language之间为被动关系，故用过去分词，故排除B项；根据语境，“讲/说英语的”应用形容词English-speaking，因其以元音音素开头，所以“一个讲英语的国家”应译为an English-speaking country，综上，故选D。‎ ‎8. Patience is an important ____ of a happy and rewarding life. After all, some things are worth waiting for.‎ A. lesson B. experience C. purpose D. quality ‎【答案】D ‎【分析】考查名词词义辨析。‎ ‎【详解】句意：耐心是快乐和愉快生活的重要品质。毕竟，有些事情是值得等待的。lesson教训； experience经历； purpose目的； quality品质，特性。故选D。‎ ‎9. —Have you moved into_____ new office? ‎ ‎—No, the building is under _____ construction.‎ A. a; the B. the; / C. /；the D. /；/‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【详解】考查冠词。—你搬到新办公室了吗？—没有，大楼正在建设中。new office谈话的双方都知道，所以是特指，需要用定冠词the，第二句under construction指“正在建设中”，是固定搭配，故选B项。‎ ‎10. It’s_____ that the peace talks have reached an agreement in the end.‎ A. getting over B. getting around C. getting on D. getting across ‎【答案】B ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：和谈最终已经达成了一致，这件事正在传开。A. getting over克服，战胜；B. getting around传开来；C. getting on上车；D. getting across通过，使……被理解。根据语境，此处是“（消息）传开”。故选B项。‎ ‎11. Sorry. At no time _____ in this building, sir.‎ A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. does smoking permit D. smoking does permit ‎【答案】A ‎【详解】考查倒装。句意：对不起，先生，在这个大楼里绝不允许抽烟。主语smoking和permit之间是被动关系，需要用被动语态is permitted；否定短语at no time意思为“绝不”，置于句首时句子要用部分倒装结构，将is提前。故选A项。‎ ‎12. ________, I think, and the problems could be settled.‎ A. If you double your efforts B. So long as you keep up your spirits C. Making greater efforts D. A bit more efforts ‎【答案】D ‎【详解】考查祈使句。句意： 我想，再努力一点，问题可能就能解决。A. If you double your efforts 如果你加倍努力；B. So long as you keep up your spirits只要你打起精神来；C. Making greater efforts 做出更大的努力；D. A bit more efforts多一点努力。本句为祈使句+and/or +陈述句的用法，原句为Make a bit more efforts , 也可以用名词短语A bit more efforts来表示。故答案选D。‎ ‎13. In our daily life, everyone fails every now and then. It is how you____ that makes a difference.‎ A. react B. replace C. rely D. request ‎【答案】A ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的日常生活中，每个人都会时不时地失败。你对失败如何反应才是关键。 A. react反应；B. replace取代，代替；C. rely依靠，依赖；D. request请求。‎ 根据“In our daily life, everyone fails every now and then.”应是“怎样作出反应”。故选A项。‎ ‎14. ——could you please tell me the answer to the question?‎ ‎—— __!It is not my style to help the people cheat.‎ A. No problem B. No way ‎ C. Not at all D. No doubt ‎【答案】B ‎【详解】考查情景对话。句意：——你能告诉我这个问题的答案吗？——没门！帮助别人作弊不是我的风格。A. No problem没问题；B. No way没门；C. Not at all一点也不；D. No doubt毋庸置疑。根据It is not my style to help the people cheat.可知这里是在拒绝别人的请求。故选B。‎ ‎15. There's no simple solution________this problem.‎ A. of B. for C. to D. about ‎【答案】C ‎【详解】考查介词。句意：这个问题没有什么简单解决方法。此处是短语the solution to“…..的解决方法”，应用介词to。故选C项。‎ 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D ‎）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Weeks ago, I was traveling by train. After several stations, the delivery man from the cafeteria came along to ___16___ the pre-booked hot meals and drinks. Just behind him rushed in a 9-year-old girl, who put out her hand, ___17___ some food. The food supplier was ___18___ and pushed her out of the coach（旅客车厢）. Something in me made me ___19___ . I stepped outside and saw the child still standing there and crying. I asked her if she was hungry and she ___20___ . So I grabbed her hand and said I’d buy her food.‎ When I took her to the coach with the cafeteria, the people standing there had a(an) ___21___ expression on their face, seeing the little girl with me. ___22___ their reaction, I asked her to ____23____whatever she wanted. As I pointed to each item, she ___24___ nodding.‎ ‎____25____ , we collected so much food. When I turned to the cashier to pay the bill, the little girl ____26____ down the train. The cashier shook his head in disbelief and said the girl must be laughing for having fooled me into ____27____ her unhappiness.‎ As I returned to my coach, the cashier’s ____28____ made me doubt whether she’d really fooled me. So I ____29____ and went down the train, following the ____30____ the little girl had taken. After several coaches, I walked to a relatively-deserted coach. Here I saw a ____31____which left me surprised. This little girl was sitting in a____32____ with two other miserable-looking young boys. She had put all the food in the center and was ____33____ putting food into the hand of a young blind boy. Seeing all this, I couldn’t help ____34____ . The little girl taught us that one can be ____35____ even when poor.‎ ‎16. A. take away B. hand out C. throw away D. find out ‎17. A. begging for B. picking up C. pointing to D. looking at ‎18. A. frightened B. disappointed C. angry D. worried ‎19. A. doubt B. stop C. watch D. react ‎20. A. agreed B. signed C. nodded D. refused ‎21. A. sad B. puzzled C. happy D. excited ‎22. A. Admiring B. Noticing C. Ignoring D. Analyzing ‎23. A. list B. slide C. think D. choose ‎24. A. tried B. kept C. avoided D. practiced ‎25. A. Finally B. Nervously C. Immediately D. Suddenly ‎26. A. finished B. forgot C. hurried D. risked ‎27. A. Remembering B. believing C. realizing D. missing ‎28. A. words B. opinions C. thoughts D. attitudes ‎29. A. turned back B. turned over C. turned up D. turned out ‎30. A. advice B. food C. word D. direction ‎31. A. coach B. station C. face D. sight ‎32. A. group B. team C. circle D. crossroads ‎33. A. instead B. only C. also D. again ‎34. A. crying B. smiling C. shouting D. regretting ‎35. A. friendly B. generous C. polite D. moody ‎【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在火车上的一次经历。一个小女孩乞讨到食物以后，将食物分享给其他的小孩。从小女孩儿的故事中，作者体会到人们即使在贫穷的时候也可以很慷慨。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：过了几站之后，自助餐厅送餐员走过来，分发预定的热餐和饮料。A. take away拿走；B. hand out分发；C. throw away扔掉；D. find out发现。根据 delivery man可知，是分发食物。故选B项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在他后面，一个9岁的小女孩冲出来，伸手讨要食物。A. begging for乞讨；B. picking up捡起；C. pointing to指着；D. looking at看着。根据下文“I asked her if she was hungry”可知，小女孩很饿，想乞讨一些食物。故选A项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：食品供应者很生气，将她推出了车厢。A. frightened害怕的；B. disappointed失望；C. angry生气；D. worried担心的。根据pushed her out of the coach可知食品供应者很生气。故选C项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我内心的某些东西让我做出了反应。A. doubt怀疑；B. stop停止；C. watch观看；D. react反应。根据下一句I stepped outside可知，作者看到小女孩的情况，作出了反应，有所行动。故选D项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问她是不是很饿，她点点头。A. agreed同意；B. signed签字；C. nodded点头；D. refused拒绝。根据下文I’d buy her food可知，小女孩儿点头表示她很饿。选C项。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我带她到自助餐厅车厢时，站在那里的人们看到了我和小女孩在一起，脸上露出了很困惑的表情。A. sad伤心的；B. puzzled困惑不解的；C. happy高兴的；D. excited兴奋的。其他的人不明白作者要为小女孩做些什么。故选B项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不理会他们的反应，让她选择她想要的任何东西。A. Admiring欣赏；B. Noticing注意到；C. Ignoring忽视，不理会； D. Analyzing分析。根据I asked her to _____ whatever she wanted可知，作者对其他人的反应并不理会。故选C项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不理会他们的反应，让她选择她想要的任何东西。 A. list列出；B. slide溜走；C. think思考；D. choose选择。根据I pointed to each item可知，作者让小女孩挑选她想要的食物。故选D项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我指着每一样食物时，她不停地点头。 A. tried尝试；B. kept继续，保持；C. avoided避免；D. practiced练习。下文提到“we collected so much food”他们买了很多食物，可知小女孩是不停地点头。短语keep doing…“继续做……”。故选B项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们拿了很多食物。A. Finally最后；B. Nervously紧张地；C. Immediately立刻，马上；D. Suddenly突然地。根据下文I turned to the cashier to pay the bill可知是最后选完了食物。故选A项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小女孩匆匆忙忙地下了火车。A. finished完成；B. forgot忘记； C. hurried匆忙；D. risked 冒险。女孩得到了食物之后，想到其他的小孩还在等着她的食物，就匆忙下了火车。故选C项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：收银员难以置信地摇了摇头，说那女孩一定在笑，因为她骗我相信了自己的不幸。A. Remembering记住；B. believing相信；C. realizing实现；D. missing想念，错过。作者为那小女孩买了很多食物，应该是相信小女孩儿的不幸遭遇。故选B项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我回到车厢时，收银员的话使我怀疑她是否真的把我骗了。A. words话语；B. opinions意见；C. thoughts想法；D. attitudes态度。根据上文…said the girl must be laughing for having fooled me into______ her unhappiness可知，是收银员所说的话使作者产生了怀疑。故选A项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：于是我返回，沿着小女孩走的方向走下火车。A. turned back转身，往回走；B. turned over翻转；C. turned up出现；D. turned out生产。上文提到I returned to my coach，作者已经回到自己的车厢，听了收银员的话之后他又往回走，走到餐厅车厢，下了火车。故选A项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是我返回，沿着小女孩走的方向走下火车。A. advice建议； B. food食物；C. word文字；D. direction方向。作者要找到小女孩儿，应该是沿着小女孩儿走的方向走。故选D项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这里我看到了一幕令我吃惊的情景。A. coach车厢；B. station车站；C. face面孔；D. sight情景，景象。作者看到的是小女孩儿将食物和其他的小孩分享的情景。故选D项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩和另外两个看起来很可怜的小男孩围坐在一起。A. group组；B. team队；C. circle圆圈；D. crossroads十字路口。短语in a circle成一圈；小小女孩和其他的孩子坐成一圈，一起分享食物。故选C项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她把所有的食物都放在了中间，还把食物放到了一个瞎眼小男孩的手里。A. instead相反；B. only只是；C. also也；D. again 又，再。小女孩不仅给其他男孩食物，也把食物放在眼睛瞎了的那个男孩的手里。故选C项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这一切，我不禁笑了。A. crying 哭；B. smiling微笑；C. shouting喊叫；D. regretting后悔。作者为小女孩儿的做法感到高兴。故选B项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩告诉我们，一个人即使贫穷也可以很慷慨。‎ A. friendly友好的；B. generous慷慨的；C. polite有礼貌的；D. moody情绪化的。小女孩虽然自己很贫穷，但是把食物分享给其他的小孩，这体现出她的慷慨。故选B项。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节；满分40分）‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文。从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A As wildfires continued to sweep across Australia, the loss of life in the area was reaching astonishing numbers. Ecologists (生态学家) at the University of Sydney said that nearly half a billion animals and plants had been wiped out since the fires began several months before. Images and videos from the area showed kangaroos trying to escape from burning forests and charred (烧焦的) bodies of koalas lying on the ground.‎ Koalas had been already under threat because of significant habitat loss, and they were hit particularly hard compared with other animals. Ecologists said nearly 8,000 koalas—about one-third of the population in their primary habitat—were believed to have died from the big fires. Professor Dieter Hochuli from the University of Sydney said it wasn’t just the well-known species, such as kangaroos, koalas and emus (鸸鹋), that were in danger. Insects also suffered losses. Additionally, many rare plant species might have disappeared completely.‎ While animal hospitals were taking in as many animals as possible to treat burns and nursed them back to health, services had overall struggled to keep up with the amount of care needed. And the animals that had survived would have trouble finding food and shelters in the ongoing fire, so they were still in a dangerous situation.‎ ‎“We’re getting a lot of lessons out of this and it’s just showing how unprepared we are,” Dr. Sussan Ley said. “Now Australia is burning and national parks and our native animals are being destroyed. People have lost homes. People have died. Firefighters have been killed defending ‎ communities, most recently last night. There’s no plan in place even wildlife carers don’t have plan for when they can go in after fire.‎ ‎36. What’s the purpose of the second paragraph?‎ A. To explain why there were so many rare animals in Australia.‎ B. To show the terrible effect Australian wildfires had on species.‎ C. To further confirm Professor Dieter Hochuli’s unique opinion.‎ D. To warn people to take good care of wild animals and plants.‎ ‎37. Why were the animals still in danger after surviving the fire?‎ A. They failed to recover from serious burns. ‎ B. They might be hunted by people for food.‎ C. They were short of food and shelters. ‎ D. They were unable to get nursing services.‎ ‎38. What is the main idea of the text?‎ A. Many rare animal species might have disappeared.‎ B. Measures should be taken to prevent Australian wildfires.‎ C. Australian wildfires killed nearly half a billion animals and plants.‎ D. Ecologists have made great efforts to find the causes of wildfires.‎ ‎【答案】36. B 37. C 38. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，澳大利亚野火肆虐，导致了近5亿动植物被消灭。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Koalas had been already under threat because of significant habitat loss, and they were hit particularly hard compared with other animals.”（由于栖息地的严重丧失，考拉已经受到威胁，与其他动物相比，它们受到的打击尤其严重。）和“Professor Dieter Hochuli from the University of Sydney said it wasn’t just the well-known species, such as kangaroos, koalas and emus (鸸鹋), that were in danger. Insects also suffered losses. Additionally, many rare plant species might have disappeared completely.”（悉尼大学的Dieter Hochuli教授说，危险的不仅仅是众所周知的物种，如袋鼠、考拉和鸸鹋。昆虫也遭受损失。此外，许多稀有植物可能已经完全消失。）可推断出第二段的目的是为了展示澳大利亚野火对物种的可怕影响。故选B项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段中的“And the animals that had survived would have trouble finding food and shelters in the ongoing fire, so they were still in a dangerous situation.”（而幸存下来的动物在持续的火灾中很难找到食物和避难所，所以它们仍然处于危险的境地。）可知，幸存下来的动物因为缺少食物和住所仍然处于危险之中。故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由第一段中的“As wildfires continued to sweep across Australia, the loss of life in the area was reaching astonishing numbers. Ecologists (生态学家) at the University of Sydney said that nearly half a billion animals and plants had been wiped out since the fires began several months before.”（随着野火继续席卷澳大利亚，该地区的生命损失达到了惊人的数字。悉尼大学的生态学家说，自从几个月前火灾开始以来，将近5亿动植物被消灭。）第二段关于“澳大利亚野火对物种的可怕影响”，第三段中的“And the animals that had survived would have trouble finding food and shelters in the ongoing fire, so they were still in a dangerous situation.”（而幸存下来的动物在持续的火灾中很难找到食物和避难所，所以它们仍然处于危险的境地。）和最后一段中的“Now Australia is burning and national parks and our native animals are being destroyed.”（现在澳大利亚正在燃烧，国家公园和我们的本土动物正在遭到破坏。）可知，本文主要讲澳大利亚的野火杀死了近5亿动植物。故选C项。‎ B When I was 3 years old, I was found to be deaf in my left ear and have a small problem in my right. Being hard of hearing has been difficult, but I’ve never lived in a state of self-hating sorrow.‎ Imagine being able to shut out all sounds as you lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling over onto one side. That’s my reality when I sleep on my “good ear”, and it even makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.‎ People call my deaf side my “bad ear”, but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features(特征)that some other deaf people don’t.‎ In cinemas, for example, with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as though it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors.‎ Having a hearing aid hasn't always felt good, however.‎ On the first day I got my aid, when I was 8, I took it to school for show-and-tell. As I explained how it worked to my classmates, a boy yelled out, “Aren’t those for old men?”‎ At that moment, I felt different. It took a long time for me to get over that sense of being so unlike my peers(同龄人).‎ But it’s not just choolkids who can make us deaf and hard-of-hearing people feel like burdens(负担).‎ Every video on social media that lacks subtitles, for example, means an entire community of deaf people is unable to enjoy it.‎ Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too, as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find.‎ And with hearing aids costing around $2,500 each, it can be hard for many people to afford to be able to listen to the things that others take for granted.‎ As for me, I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversations – I’m lucky.‎ I’m deaf, but I can still hear everything. I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences.‎ ‎39. The author once feel different from his peers because __________.‎ A. He can’t hear anything B. He was laughed at by his classmates C. He couldn’t enjoy without subtitles D. He could shut out all sounds when sleeping on his “good ear”‎ ‎40. Deaf people may have the following burdens EXCEPT _________.‎ A. being unable to afford hearing aids.‎ B. being unable to enjoy videos without subtitles C. being embarrassed in front of their peers D. being blessed with wonderful experiences ‎41. What does the underline phrase “are excluded from” probably mean?‎ A. are prevented from B. are limited to ‎ C. are separated from D. are reduced to ‎42. What is the author’s attitude toward his hearing difficulty?‎ A. It was a tough reality and caused him a lot of trouble.‎ B. It was a time of great sorrow and made him feel sad.‎ C. It gave him a chance to experience something special.‎ D. It helped him to live in his own world without sound.‎ ‎【答案】39. B 40. D 41. A 42. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。作者天生有听力障碍，但是他从来没有生活在一种自我憎恨的悲伤中，反而感觉这给了他不一样的美好人生。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第六、七段中的As I explained how it worked to my classmates, a boy yelled out, “Aren’t those for old men?” At that moment, I felt different.（当我向同学们解释它是如何工作的时候，一个男孩喊道:“那些不是给老人的吗?”在那一刻，我感觉不一样了。）可推知，作者曾经因为被同学们嘲笑而感到与同龄人不同。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据上文及倒数第三、四、五段的描述可知，聋人可能会在同龄人面前感到尴尬、因为没有字幕而无法欣赏视频和买不起助听器；根据最后一段中的I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences.可知，但是他们会拥有美好的经历。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的Every video on social media that lacks subtitles, for example, means an entire community of deaf people is unable to enjoy it.（例如，社交媒体上每一个没有字幕的视频，就意味着所有的聋人都无法欣赏它。）再结合划线词所在句Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too, as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find.（完全失聪的人也……欣赏很多电影，因为在电影院几乎找不到字幕）可推知，are excluded from意为“不能，被……排除在外”。A. are prevented from被阻止；B. are limited to被限制到；C. are separated from被分开；D. are reduced to被减少到。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I’m deaf, but I can still hear everything. I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences.可知，听力障碍给了他体验特别的东西的机会。故C选项正确。‎ C New research says 35 percent of the deaths of children worldwide are caused by hunger. The research is from poor to middle-income countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America.‎ Robert Black from the Bloomberg School of Public Health at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland was the leading writer of the research. He says more than 3.5 million mothers and children under five die in poor countries each year because of hunger.‎ He says more than two million children die from underdevelopment, either before or after birth. Millions of others who survive face a lifetime of disabilities or early death. And the effects are not just physical. Poor brain development can limit economic success as children become adults. Then the cycle of poverty and hunger often repeats for their children.‎ Doctor Black says hungry children are also more likely to have conditions like high blood pressure and heart disease as adults. He says the studies show that food programs need to place the greatest importance on the first two years of life. Hungry children can suffer the whole life damage from age two.‎ So it is high time to improve their diets. Diets should include foods rich in vitamin A and other useful things. The researchers say early help like these could reduce child deaths by 25%.‎ The research has faced some criticism（批评）. A medical aid group says the researchers underestimate（低估）the number of child deaths from hunger. The researchers say there are findings that support this treatment but more studies are needed to compare it to hospital care.‎ ‎43. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?‎ A. Poverty and hunger have influenced all children's lives in the world.‎ B. Hunger has some bad effects on children's physical and mental development.‎ C. Ever year over two million children die of hunger after birth.‎ D. Poverty and hunger can limit people's success.‎ ‎44. What can we learn from this passage?‎ A. If a child is hungry at childhood, he will be disabled in the future.‎ B. Criticism is the best medicine for hunger.‎ C. The results from the research is not satisfactory.‎ D. Generally speaking, hungry children have less chance of catching heart disease when they grow up.‎ ‎45. Which period is the most important for children's physical development?‎ A. Before birth. B. Between birth and the age of two.‎ C. From age two to five. D. Under the age of five.‎ ‎46. Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage?‎ A. Hunger—children's biggest enemy. B. How to prevent hunger.‎ C. A latest survey about hunger all over the world. D. Time to improve our living conditions.‎ ‎【答案】43. B 44. C 45. B 46. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究表明全世界35%的儿童死亡是由饥饿引起的，饥饿会对儿童的身心健康产生消极影响。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由第三段“He says more than two million children die from underdevelopment, either before or after birth. Millions of others who survive face a lifetime of disabilities or early death. And the effects are not just physical. Poor brain development can limit economic success as children become adults. Then the cycle of poverty and hunger often repeats for their children.”（他说，超过200万儿童在出生前或出生后死于发育不全。数百万幸存下来的儿童面临终身残疾或早逝。其影响不仅仅是物理上的。当孩子长大成人后，大脑发育不良会限制经济上的成功。然后，贫穷和饥饿的恶性循环经常在他们的孩子身上重演。）可知第三段主要讲饥饿对儿童的身心发展有一些不良影响。故选B项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后一段首句“The research has faced some criticism（批评）.”（这项研究受到了一些批评。）可推断出研究的结果并不令人满意。故选C项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段中的“He says the studies show that food programs need to place the greatest importance on the first two years of life. Hungry children can suffer the whole life damage from age two.”（他说，研究表明，食物计划需要把生命的头两年放在最重要的位置。饥肠辘辘的孩子从两岁起就可能遭受一生的伤害。）可知出生到两岁之间对儿童的身体发育最重要。故选B项。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由第一段首句“New research says 35 percent of the deaths of children worldwide are caused by hunger.”（新的研究表明，全世界35%的儿童死亡是由饥饿引起的。）第三段讲的饥饿对儿童的身心发展有一些不良影响，第四段首句“Doctor Black says hungry children are also more likely to have conditions like high blood pressure and heart disease as adults.”（布莱克医生说，饥饿的孩子成年后更容易患高血压和心脏病。）和第四段尾句“Hungry children can suffer the whole life damage from age two.”（饥肠辘辘的孩子从两岁起就可能遭受一生的伤害。）可知文章主要讲饥饿对儿童的危害，A项“饥饿是儿童最大的敌人”符合文意。故选A 项。‎ D One of the greatest sources of unhappiness, in my experience, is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are.‎ When we see something we don’t like, we wish it could be different. We cry out for something better. That may be human nature, or perhaps it’s something ingrained(根深蒂固的) in our culture. The root of the unhappiness isn’t necessarily that we want things to be different. However, it’s that we decided we didn’t like it in the first place. We’ve judged it as bad, rather than saying, “It’s not bad or good, and it just is it.”‎ In one of my books, I said “You should expect people to mess up and expect things to go differently than you planned”. Some readers said it’s too sorrowful to expect things to go wrong. However, it’s only negative if you see it as negative and judge it as bad. Instead, you could accept it as the way the world works and try to understand why that is.‎ This can be applied to whatever you do: how other people act at work, how politics works and how depressing the news media can be. Accept these things as they are, and try to understand why they’re that way. It will save you a lot of sadness, because you’ll no longer say, “Oh. I wish bad things didn’t happen!”‎ Does it mean you can never change things? Not at all. But change things not because you can’t accept things as they are, but because you enjoy the process of changing, learning and growing.‎ Can we make this world a better place? You can say that you’ll continue to try to do things to help others, to grow as a person, to make a difference in this world. That’s the correct path you choose to take, because you enjoy that path. Therefore, when you find yourself judging and wishing for difference, try a different approach: accept, and understand. It might lead to some interesting results.‎ ‎47. The author believes that we feel unhappy maybe because ________.‎ A. it is our natural emotion in the life B. culture asks us to be different from others C. everyone has their own opinions on things D. we dislike something in the beginning ‎48 What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to?‎ A. Acting well at work and in politics.‎ B. Feeling depressed for the news media.‎ C. Accepting and understanding what has happened.‎ D. Saying something negative when bad things come.‎ ‎49. What are you advised according to the last paragraph?‎ A. Help others and make a difference.‎ B. Enjoy what you have to do in the work.‎ C. Judge yourself and make a wish for you.‎ D. Try a new way when making the world better.‎ ‎50. What is the main theme of the passage?‎ A. Accepting can make our life happier and better.‎ B. Expecting things to be different gives us hope.‎ C. Traditional culture becomes root of unhappiness.‎ D. Judging good or bad is important for our world.‎ ‎【答案】47. D 48. C 49. D 50. A ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是“接受能让我们的生活更快乐、更美好。”‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中One of the greatest sources of unhappiness, in my experience, is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are.可知，作者认为，我们感到不快乐可能是因为我们难以接受事物的本来面目，也就是我们不喜欢某样事物。故选D。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第四段Accept these things as they are, and try to understand why they’re that way. It will save you a lot of sadness, because you’ll no longer say, “Oh. I wish bad things didn’t happen!”(接受这些事情的本来面目，试着去理解它们为什么会这样。它会帮你省去很多悲伤，因为你不会再说“哦。我希望坏事不要发生!”)推知，it指的是“接受并理解发生了什么。”故选C。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句Can we make this world a better place?以及最后when you ‎ find yourself judging and wishing for difference, try a different approach: accept, and understand. It might lead to some interesting results.可知，最后一段建议我们尝试一种新的方式，让世界变得更美好。故选D。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中One of the greatest sources of unhappiness, in my experience, is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are.和最后一段中try a different approach: accept, and understand.可知，本文讲述的是“接受能让我们的生活更快乐、更美好。”故选A。‎ ‎【易错分析】抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心。‎ 要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。本题第4小题，根据第一段One of the greatest sources of unhappiness, in my experience, is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are.和最后一段中try a different approach: accept, and understand.可知，本文讲述的是“接受能让我们的生活更快乐、更美好。”故选A。‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to become a better reader Reading is an important part of my work, it’s an important aspect of my social life, and most importantly, it’s my favorite thing to do.‎ But reading takes time, and most days, I can’t read as much as I’d like. ____51____Consider whether these habits might work for you:‎ Always have plenty of reading material on hand.‎ Never go anywhere empty-handed. ____52____So much great reading time wasted! So I always have several choices, each time I board a plane.‎ ‎___53___‎ For years, I kept my library list on my cellphone. Whenever I hear about a book I want to read, I add it to my library list. It contains the names of 194 books, and one day, I plan to read them all.‎ Try audio-books（有声读物）‎ ‎___54___It makes books available in situations where it’s impossible to read--say, when driving. Also, if you’re trying to form a habit, it’s also a great way to use the strategy of pairing. If you don’t particularly enjoy going for a daily walk, but want to get some exercise, try pairing your walk with an audio-book. The time will fly by.‎ ‎___55___‎ Many people struggle to find time to read, even though they love it. Being part of a book group will help you make time to read. You can have a book group organized around any kind of book you love. You could have a biography book club, a foreign policy book club, a romance book club.‎ A. Start or join a book group.‎ B. Keep a reading list,and keep it handy.‎ C. You can pair reading with a new habit.‎ D. Create a home library and read books frequently at home.‎ E. Listening to a book can be a way to experience it in a terrific new way.‎ F. So I have formed many new habits to help me get more good reading done.‎ G. Nothing is worse than sitting on a plane,with many hours to read a book I don’t like.‎ ‎【答案】51. F 52. G 53. B 54. E 55. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章作者针对如何更好的进行阅读这一问题，分享了自己的一些方法。‎ ‎51题详解】‎ 上文But reading takes time, and most days, I can’t read as much as I’d like.说但是阅读需要时间，而且大多数时候，我都不能像我想读的那样多。下文Consider whether these habits might work for you说考虑一下这些习惯是否适合你。该空与上文形成因果关系，同时引出下文，F选项“所以我形成了很多新的习惯来帮助我更好的阅读”切题，下文中的these habits指代选项中的many new habits。故选F。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 下文So much great reading time wasted! So I always have several choices, each time I board a plane.说浪费了这么多阅读时间!所以每次我登机时，我总是有好几种选择。该空引出下文，与下文形成因果关系，G选项“没有什么比坐在飞机上花好几个小时读我不喜欢的书更糟糕的了”切题，选项中的on a plane与下文中的board a plane相呼应。故选G。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 该空是段落标题，根据下文For years, I kept my library list on my cellphone. Whenever I hear about a book I want to read, I add it to my library list. It contains the names of 194 books, and one day, I plan to read them all.（多年来，我一直在手机上保存着我的图书馆名单。每当我听到我想读的书，我就把它添加到我的图书馆列表中。里面有194本书的名字，我打算有一天把它们全部读完）可知这一段主要讲了手边要有一个阅读清单，B选项“列一个阅读清单，并把它放在手边”切题，下文中的list对应选项中的list。故选B。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 下文It makes books available in situations where it’s impossible to read--say, when driving.（它让人们在无法阅读的情况下——比如开车时——也能读到书）说明了听一本书的好处，该空引出下文，指出听书是一种全新的体验方式，E选项“听一本书可以成为一种全新的体验方式”切题，下文中的It指代选项中的Listening to a book。故选E。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 该空是段落标题，根据下文Many people struggle to find time to read, even though they love it. Being part of a book group will help you make time to read. You can have a book group organized around any kind of book you love. You could have a biography book club, a foreign policy book club, a romance book club.（许多人即使很喜欢阅读，也很难找到时间来阅读。加入读书会帮你腾出时间来阅读。你可以组织一个读书小组来阅读任何你喜欢的书。你可以办一个传记书友会，一个外交政策书友会，一个爱情书友会）可知这一段主要讲了创办或加入各种读书俱乐部，A选项“开始或加入一个读书小组”切题，下文中的group与选项中的group相呼应。故选A。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 请根据语境或提示写出相应的词来完成下列句子.‎ ‎56. Sometimes it is more ___________(方便的) to use ATM machine than to go into bank. （根据汉语提示填空）‎ ‎【答案】convenient ‎【详解】考查形容词。句意：有时候用ATM机要比去银行更方便。空前是be动词，此处用形容词做表语，故填convenient。‎ ‎57. The _________（解答）to this math problem required many hours. （根据汉语提示填空）‎ ‎【答案】solution ‎【详解】考查名词。句意：解这道数学题需要好几个小时。根据所给汉语意思，此处是名词solution，在句中做主语；短语the solution to …“……的解决方法，解答”。故填solution。‎ ‎58. There are some __________（impress）buildings in Shanghai. (所给词的适当形式填空）‎ ‎【答案】impressive ‎【详解】考查形容词。句意：上海有一些令人印象深刻的建筑。空后是名词，此处需要用形容词修饰名词buildings，故填impressive。‎ ‎59. The pictures _________(display) on the wall are chosen from thousands of students. (所给词的适当形式填空）‎ ‎【答案】displayed ‎【详解】考查过去分词。句意：墙上展示的图片是从成千上万的学生中挑选出来的。本句的主语是the pictures，谓语动词是are chosen，句子没有连接词，所以此处是非谓语动词，the pictures和display之间是被动关系，故用过去分词做后置定语，故填displayed。‎ ‎60. Students are not allowed to wear ________ (formal) clothes in school. (所给词的适当形式填空）‎ ‎【答案】informal ‎【详解】考查构词法。句意：学生在学校里不允许穿非正式的衣服。根据句意，应是“非正式的”；formal意思为“正式的”，前加否定前缀in-，构成反义词informal，意思为“非正式的”。故填informal。‎ ‎61. What they did will greatly_________(威胁）the peace in the Middle East. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）‎ ‎【答案】threaten ‎【详解】考查动词。句意：他们所做的事情极大地威胁到了中东的和平。本句主语是What they did，谓语动词是threaten，谓语动词前有will，所以此处需要用动词原形。故填threaten。‎ ‎62. Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are ________(vary). (所给词的适当形式填空）‎ ‎【答案】various ‎【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我们感觉到愤怒的时候，它看起来很简单，但是愤怒的原因是多种多样的。空前是be动词，所以此处需要填形容词做表语。故填various。‎ ‎63. I am afraid that your friend has been_________(包括) in this accident. （根据汉语提示填空）‎ ‎【答案】involved ‎【详解】考查过去分词。句意：恐怕你的朋友已经卷入了这次事故。be involved in表示“被卷入...中”，此处表示被动，故填involed。‎ ‎64. Drivers can pay the ________(费用) at any of time before 5 p.m. 根据汉语提示单词拼写）‎ ‎【答案】fees ‎【详解】考查名词。句意：司机可以在下午5点前的任何时候缴费。作动词pay的宾语应该是名词；根据所给汉语提示，应是名词fee； Drivers是复数形式，fee应该用复数形式，故填fees。‎ ‎65. Recently, people have begun studying the__________(联系) between the natural world and human beings. （根据汉语提示填空）‎ ‎【答案】connection ‎【详解】考查名词。句意：最近，人们开始研究人和自然之间的联系。根据汉语提示，此处需要用名词，且是单数形式。故填connection。‎ 第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）‎ ‎66. 假设你叫李华，你的一位朋友John刚从国外归来，邀请你参加本周日在他家举办的朋友聚会，但你不能参加。请你根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件：‎ ‎1. 表达想参加的意愿；‎ ‎2. 忙于准备考试；‎ ‎3. 由于感冒，身体不适；‎ ‎4. 表示歉意并另约时间。‎ 注意：1.词数：100-120，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以便行文连贯；‎ Dear John,‎ I am extremely sorry to tell you that I am unable to go to your party this Sunday.‎ ‎ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear John,‎ I am extremely sorry to tell you that I am unable to go to your party this Sunday. It is very kind of you to invite me to your house and I really look forward to going to your party and sharing your happy experiences abroad. ‎ Much to my regret, I will be absent from your party due to the fact that the College Entrance Exam is just around the corner. Therefore, I am now busy preparing for it. What’s worse, I have caught a bad cold recently and I am really not myself.‎ Anyway, we will have many more chances to get together. Shall we make it another time after the exam? I am truly sorry. I hope you will forgive me and accept my sincere apology. Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封邮件。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：‎ 审题：邮件 道歉信 人称：第一人称 时态：一般现在时 结构：总分法，分三部分，第一部分表达想参加朋友聚会的意愿，但是不能参加，并表示歉意；第二部分说明不能参加的原因；第三部分再次表示歉意，希望得到谅解，并另约时间。‎ 要点：‎ ‎1. 表达想参加朋友聚会的意愿，但是不能参加，并表示歉意 ‎2．说明不能参加的原因 ‎①高考来临，忙于准备考试 ‎ ‎②由于感冒，身体不适 ‎3．再次表示歉意，希望得到谅解，并另约时间 ‎ 第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语）‎ be sorry to do…；be unable to do…；invite sb. to；look forward to；share；much to one’s regret；be absent from；around the corner；be busy doing…；prepare for；catch a bad cold；be oneself；have chances to do…；get together；make it；forgive；accept sincere apology ‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎(1) I am extremely sorry to tell you that I am unable to go to your party this Sunday.‎ ‎(2) It is very kind of you to invite me to your house.‎ ‎(3)I really look forward to going to your party and sharing your happy experiences abroad. ‎ ‎(4)I will be absent from your party.‎ ‎(5)The College Entrance Exam is just around the corner. ‎ ‎(6) I am now busy preparing for it. ‎ ‎ (7)I have caught a bad cold recently.‎ ‎(8)I am really not myself.‎ ‎(9) We will have many more chances to get together. ‎ ‎(10)Shall we make it another time after the exam?‎ ‎ (11)I am truly sorry. ‎ ‎(12)I hope you will forgive me and accept my sincere apology. ‎ 根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ 表示时间顺序：first of all；to begin/start with；in the beginning ‎ firstly.... secondly .... lastly / finally/in the end 表示并列或补充关系： what is more；besides；moreover；apart from；in addition, as well as；not only…but(also)；meanwhile；in the meantime；some...some…others 表示转折对比关系：but；however；although；though；yet；while；on one hand…on the other hand ..., ‎ 表示因果关系：because；as；therefore；as a result；as a consequence；consequently；thus ‎ 连句成文，运用恰当的衔接词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使句与句之间逻辑性更强、‎ 段与段之间结构清晰。‎ ‎【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 be unable to do…；invite sb. to；look forward to；much to one’s regret；be absent from；around the corner；be busy doing…；prepare for；catch a bad cold；be oneself；have chances to do…；get together；make it；forgive；accept sincere apology等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如it作形式主语句式的运用 It is very kind of you to invite me to your house；同位语从句的运用…due to the fact that the College Entrance Exam is just around the corner等。‎