2020届二轮复习阅读理解阅读技能指导之(三十九)理清句间结构之二并列

2020届二轮复习阅读理解阅读技能指导之(三十九)理清句间结构之二并列

‎2020届二轮复习阅读理解阅读技能指导之(三十九) 理清句间结构之二 并列 所谓并列式结构就是句子之间是以平行的关系构成。段中几句话分别叙述几件事、几种情况、或分别论述某一事物的几个方面。常见的并列连词有：firstly, and, or, moreover, what’s more, also, neither ...nor ..., either ...or ...等。利用这种并列结构可快速理解段落大意并准确解题。‎ ‎[高考典例1]　2014•江苏卷•完形填空 He withdrew from many school activities 40(because) he didn’t have the time or the __41__. He had only one good suit.‎ ‎41．A.permits　　　　　 　B．interest C．talent D．clothes ‎41题所在的句子和它后面的句子为并列关系；通过He had only one good suit“他只有一件好衣服”可知，他之所以退出许多学校活动是因为他没有时间或衣服(clothes)。‎ ‎[高考典例2]　2013•全国卷Ⅰ•阅读七选五 Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. __73(G)__ One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. __74__ The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision (监管) and guidance by the management in authority. __75(A)__‎ A．Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.‎ B．In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.‎ C．Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.‎ D．However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.‎ E．The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.‎ F．In the theory of business management organization has two main aspects.‎ G．Planning in business management has three main aspects.‎ 根据本段中的关键词One (基数词)，The third (序数词)可知，空处位于中间，应该是第二条，与E项中的“The second aspect ...”相呼应，故74题选E项。‎ ‎[高考典例3]　2014•湖南卷•完形填空 But ironing shirts was not 39(easy) work. It didn’t make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball, and it wasn’t a 40(smooth) operation like iceskating. Ironing was like driving a car on a street that has a stop sign every 10 feet. Moreover, an iron produced steam and it carried an element of 41(danger). If you touched the wrong part of it, you’d get burnt. If you forgot to turn it off when you 42(went_away),_you might burn down the house.‎ Moreover为标志词，前面部分说明了“熨烫衣服”像开车；后面部分说明“熨烫衣服”的过程中可能出现的危险。这两个并列的部分都是为了说明该段中的第一句，即主题句。‎ ‎[高考典例4]　2018•全国卷Ⅲ•C篇 ‎“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created，” he said.‎ 段中标志词also连接了前后两个并列成分：人们对传统的误解和传统的正确含义。‎ ‎[高考典例5]　2014•广东卷•C篇 I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be a lot of hard work, and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family.‎ 段中标志词neither连接了前后两个并列成分：自己对于申请志愿者活动的犹豫不决和家人的不支持。‎ ‎[课下语篇提能练]　　　 ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎◎Shape According to its website, Shape is a magazine for American women with active lifestyles. This women’s health magazine covers everything from diet and exercise to psychology. What is great about Shape is that it knows that it must cover a lot more than fitness to give women all the information they need to stay healthy. Besides all the great features included in its print magazine, it also has an easily accessible website that anyone can use.‎ ‎◎Women’s Day Women’s Day is not only specifically a women’s health magazine, but also includes a little information of what Shape has, along with more information on other aspects of life: family, money, travel and style. Many of the articles in Women’s Day deal with specific diseases that are common to women, such as heart disease, breast cancer and others.‎ ‎◎Women’s Health From tips to recent health news to articles about world affairs, Women’s Health has everything that you expect in a women’s health magazine. Another great feature is that Women’s Health has a great website full of information, as well as articles from past magazines that you can check out. This is a great resource, since it lets you get to see articles well at the office.‎ ‎◎Fitness This magazine covers important topics such as physical fitness, health & beauty, and mental health. It offers something new in each issue, and it’s always easy to understand. The workouts are clearly presented with good photos to illustrate (说明) every movement, and almost all can be done without making a trip to the gym.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一些女性生活健康杂志。‎ ‎1．What’s the purpose of writing the text?‎ A．To describe some famous websites.‎ B．To predict the bestselling writers.‎ C．To introduce some health magazines for women.‎ D．To advertise some fashion magazines for women.‎ 解析：选C　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文是一则广告，主要介绍了一些女性生活健康杂志，故选C项。‎ ‎2．How is Women’s Day different from the others?‎ A．It deals with many life problems.‎ B．It provides information on family life.‎ C．It includes many articles about women.‎ D．It gives people a lot of health information.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Women’s Day中的“along with more information on other aspects of life”可知，Women’s Day不同于其他杂志的是它处理许多生活问题。故选A项。‎ ‎3．What makes the information in Fitness easy to understand?‎ A．Good examples.　　　 　B．Important topics.‎ C．Interesting stories. D．Illustrative pictures.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据Fitness中的“The workouts are clearly presented with good photos to illustrate (说明)every movement, and almost all can be done without making a trip to the gym.”可知，说明性图片使Fitness提供的信息更容易理解。故选D项。‎ B ‎(2019•惠州市高三第一次调研)I was selfish as a teenager. I usually spent my time thinking about myself and taking care of my own needs. I let my older brother do most of the work around the house until he left for college. I let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems while I read books, played, and lost myself in my own imagination. This didn’t change even when I went to college either. I studied hard but only to make my own life better. Even when I started to explore my faith, it was only to increase my own happiness.‎ I married after graduation and decided to start a family. Of course, I had no idea what hard knocks reality had in store for my selfish soul. Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way. I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people. In fact, all of the struggles I was going through were beating the selfishness slowly out of me.‎ Still, I didn’t give up on happiness. I knew that there must be a way to find it. I finally realized, however, that it had to include more than just my own needs, wants, and desires.The answer began to make itself clear one night shortly after my baby boy was born. I got a bottle and held him in my arms. As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big, innocent, trusting eyes. I smiled and talked to him. Then he smiled and I could feel my heart growing, expanding with love. I felt such peace and joy. At that moment I had a hint of the truth: it is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.‎ Carolyn Arends wrote：“The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets. The more love you get, the more love you have to give. It just keeps growing.” So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring. Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述作者由一个自私的人成长为一个心中对他人有爱的人，也明白了“爱他人即幸福”的道理。‎ ‎4．What do we know about the author from the first paragraph?‎ A．He often helped his brother with housework.‎ B．He studied hard for his family.‎ C．He put his own needs above others’.‎ D．He was concerned about his family.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“let my older brother do most of the work”“let my mom and dad worry about our bills and problems”“I studied hard but only to make my own life better.”和“it was only to increase my own happiness ‎”的描述可推知，作者在青少年时期较为自私，行为处事总是只考虑自己，几乎不为家人考虑，即他把自己的需要放在别人的需要之上。故选C项。‎ ‎5．What did the author realize after he suffered in life?‎ A．Spoiled people can’t survive the hardship of life.‎ B．Life is cruel to spoiled people.‎ C．Spoiled people are never happy in life.‎ D．Selfishness is helpful.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Soon I found myself unemployed, deeply in debt, and with a new baby on the way. I found out that life has little sympathy for spoiled people.”可知，作者在经历了人生的失意后，终于发现生活对被宠坏的人是残酷的。‎ ‎6．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．The author loved kids.‎ B．The author often fed his baby.‎ C．The author realized the importance of happiness.‎ D．When caring for his baby, the author got inspired.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As I was feeding him I looked down and saw his big ...it is by growing our hearts with love that we find our happiness.”可推知，作者在照料孩子的过程中领悟到了通往幸福的途径。‎ ‎7．Which can be the best title of the passage?‎ A．Loving Others, a Way to Happiness B．The Elder One Grows, the More He Gets C．Help Others, Help Oneself D．Keep Growing to Live a Happy Life 解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的“’The more people you let into your heart, the bigger your heart gets. The more love you get, the more love you have to give. It just keeps growing.’So, keep loving, keep living and keep caring. Keep growing your heart today, tomorrow, and always.”的描述可推知，这篇文章的主旨是“爱他人即幸福”。‎ C ‎(2019•惠州市高三第一次调研考试)China will give the green light to Internet medical services conducted by medical institutions as part of a broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare, which was decided at a State Council executive meeting held by Premier Li Keqiang.‎ Medical institutions will be allowed to provide online diagnostic services for patients with common and chronic diseases in their followup visits to their doctors. The top levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide online services, including consultations (会诊), reservations and test result inquiries.‎ As China joins the ranks of middleincome countries, the demand for health services has increased accordingly. Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of inaccessible and expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the general public.‎ One decision coming out of the meeting says the intelligent review of health insurance will be applied and that the onestop settlement will be advanced. The realtime sharing of prescription and drug retail sales will be explored as well.‎ ‎“We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures once the decision is made，” Li said. “In recent years, toplevel hospitals in major cities have seen steady increases in the number of patients. Medical bills have become a heavy burden on families and highend medical resources ‎ still fall short of meeting the growing demand of the public.”‎ To solve the problem, a twopronged (双管齐下的) approach must be taken. One is to establish medical partnerships to strengthen cooperation between major hospitals and community clinics. The other is to bring forward Internet Plus Healthcare to promote the sharing of quality medical resources.‎ The government will see to it that longdistance healthcare services cover all countylevel hospitals. So more efforts will be made to ensure that highspeed broadband network will be extended to cover medical institutions in urban and rural areas. Dedicated Internet access services will be set up to meet the needs for longdistance healthcare services.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，讲述了李克强总理在国务院常务会议上强调中国将大力推进“互联网＋”医疗服务的相关情况。‎ ‎8．According to the text, which of the following services won’t a patient enjoy online?‎ A．Receiving a medical operation.‎ B．Asking doctors for advice after the test.‎ C．Knowing their situation about the disease.‎ D．Making an appointment with a doctor in advance.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“The top levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide online services, including consultations(会诊)，reservations and test result inquiries.”可知，病人获得的在线服务包括会诊、预约和检查结果咨询，所以选项B、C、D都是这句话所涉及的内容。故选A。‎ ‎9．What makes the demand for health services increase in China?‎ A．The expense of medical care.‎ B．The recognition of health insurance.‎ C．The improvement of people’s life quality.‎ D．The inconvenience of hospital equipment.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句“As China joins the ranks of middleincome countries, the demand for health services has increased accordingly.”可推知，应选C。‎ ‎10．What does Li mean by saying “We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures”？‎ A．The bills are impossible to afford.‎ B．The situations need urgent improvement.‎ C．The measures are perfectly worked out.‎ D．The hospitals are unwilling to admit patients.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“Medical bills have become a heavy burden on families and highend medical resources still fall short of meeting the growing demand of the public.”可知，医疗费用已成为家庭的沉重负担，高端医疗资源仍无法满足公众日益增长的需求。故选B。‎ ‎11．What can be the suitable title for the text?‎ A．Modern Hospitals B．Online Healthcare on Its Way C．No More Burden for General People D．Wide Applications of Internet Medical Services 解析：选B　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是首尾段可知，本文讲述互联网医疗服务正在发展中。故选B。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019•成都市重点中学高三段考)There are times when people come into your life, and you know at once that they are sure to be there. They serve some sort of purpose, teach you a lesson or help figure out who you are or who you want to become. You never know who these people may be: your classmate, neighbor, teacher, longlost friend or even a real stranger. But __1__， you know that at that very moment they will affect your life in some serious way.‎ ‎__2__.However, on reflection you realize that without getting over them you would have never realized your potential ability and strength.‎ Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck. __3__. Without these small tests, life would be like a smooth road to nowhere. The people affecting your life, and the successes and failures you experience, help to create who you are and who you become.‎ Even the bad experiences can be learned from. In fact, they are probably the most important ones. If someone hurts you, forgive them, __4__.‎ ‎__5__， for you may never be able to experience it again. Talk to people you have never talked to before, and really listen. You should set your sights high, hold your head up, tell yourself you are a great individual and believe in yourself. Create your own life and then go out and live it with absolutely no regrets.‎ Most importantly, if you love someone, tell him or her, for you never know what tomorrow may have in store.‎ A．when you look eyes into them B．because you are likely to get addicted to them C．Don’t forget to embrace those unpleasant moments D．Make every day count and appreciate every moment E．Illness, injury and love all occur to test the limits of your soul F．Sometimes things happening to you may seem challenging at first G. for they have helped you learn about trust and the importance of being cautious 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。每件事的发生都有其原因，成功和失败都有助于塑造自己。相信自己，把握现在。‎ ‎1．选A　根据空处前一句并结合该句中的“But”和“you know that at that very moment they will affect your life in some serious way”可知，但当你和他们对视时，你就会知道，正是在那一刻，他们将会以某种重要的方式影响你的生活。故A项正确。‎ ‎2．选F　根据空后的“However”可知，空后的句子与空处构成转折关系；结合该句“However, on reflection you realize that without getting over them you would have never realized your potential ability and strength.”可知，然而，经过认真思考你会意识到，不克服它们，你永远也不会意识到你的潜在的能力和优势。据此可以判断，F项“有时，发生在你身上的事情起初似乎很有挑战性”与此处匹配。‎ ‎3．选E　根据空处前一句“Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck.”可知，每件事的发生都是有原因的，没有什么事是偶然发生的，也没有什么事是带着幸运或不幸发生的。据此可知，E项“疾病、伤害和爱的发生都是为了考验你的灵魂的极限”承接前一句，下文中的“these small tests”也是提示。故E项正确。‎ ‎4．选G　根据空处上文“Even the bad experiences can be learned from. In fact, they are probably the most important ones.”可知，即使是糟糕的经历，你也可以从中吸取教训，事实上，这些糟糕的经历可能是最重要的。再结合该句中的“If someone hurts you, forgive ‎ them”可知，G项“因为他们帮助你学会了信任和谨慎的重要性”符合语境。‎ ‎5．选D　根据该句中的“for you may never be able to experience it again”可知，D项“珍惜每一天，珍惜每一刻”符合语境。‎