2021届重庆市巴蜀中学高三上学期适应性月考（二）英语试题（教师版含解析）

2021届重庆市巴蜀中学高三上学期适应性月考（二）英语试题（教师版含解析）

巴蜀中学 2021 届高考适应性月考卷(二) 英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写 清楚。 2.每小题选出答案后、用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦 干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分 150 分，考试用时 120 分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将 答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What kind of music did the woman like very much? A. Rock. B. Pop. C. Jazz. 2. Why was the man surprised? A. The woman was late. B. The woman worked overtime. C. The woman came to the party. 3. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Call her friend. B. Watch her pet. C. Buy her some milk. 4. Who will pay the bill? A. The woman. B. The man's sister. C. The woman's sister. 5. What do we know about the woman? A. She has got the chance to perform. B. She didn't have much time to practice. C. She is pretty confident of winning the contest. 第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有 2 至 4 个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅 读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 题。 6. What is the man doing? A. Buying books. B. Returning books. C. Borrowing books. 7. How much should the man pay? A. $160. B. $210. C. $250. 听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 题。 8. Why did the woman go to Florida on vacation? A. To meet her cousin. B. To visit her friend. C. To tour a university. 9. What did the man do on his vacation? A. He watched movies. B. He studied at college. C. He stayed with a friend. 听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 题。 10. Which month is it now? A. December. B. January. C. February. 11. What will the man do during the vacation? A. Travel abroad. B. Prepare for his wedding. C. Have a family reunion. 12. What does the woman ask the man to buy? A. A glass of tea. B. A pair of glasses. C. A tea set. 听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 题。 13. What's the relationship between the speakers? A. Roommates. B. Good friends. C. Fellow students. 14. When did Josh-start college? A. A week ago. B. A year ago. C. Three months ago. 15. Why does Lizzy want to move? A. She wants younger company. B. She wants to live in the dorm. C. She doesn't get along with the host family. 16. What will Lizzy probably do next? A. Visit a student. B. Give Rachael a call. C. Hang out with friends. 听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 题。 17. What would MAD Architects prefer buildings to be like? A. More naturally attractive. B. More traditionally designed. C. More environmentally friendly. 18. What does MAD Architects want to provide? A. The situation of separation from nature. B. The experience of living in ancient times. C. The feeling of being in the natural world. 19. Where will the Urban Forest be built? A. In Chongqing. B. In Beijing. C. In Rome. 20. Who should apply for a job according to the talk? A. Architects. B. Engineers. C. Office workers. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Jitterbug Smart2 The Jitterbug Smart2 from GreatCall is the simplest smartphone with a simple menu, large screen and exclusive health and safety services. EASY Everything you want to do，from texting and taking pictures, to emailing and getting directions, is organized in a single list on the screen with large, legible(清楚易读的)letters. Plus, Voice Typing makes writing emails and texts effortless. SMART Turn your Jitterbug Smart2 into a personal safety device with GreatCall's Urgent Response Service and exclusive health apps. AFFORDABLE GreatCall has a variety of plans with data starting as low as $17.48 per month. Compared to other cell phone companies, you could save over $300 per year. And for a limited time get 50% off, so you can stay connected, safe and healthy. Powered by the nation's largest and most dependable wireless network. Why the Jitterbug Smart2 is your best choice for a new smart phone: No long-term contracts Keep your current phone number Free U.S.-based customer service and technical support No hidden monthly fees Affordable, flexible plans To order or learn more, call 1-800-359-1423 or visit us at greatcall. com/ Smart. 1Offer valid 5/3/20 through 5/ 30/20. 2Monthly fees do not include government taxes or assessment surcharges and are subject to change. Plans and services may require purchase of a GreatCall device and a one-time setup fee of $35. 5Star or 9-1-lcalls can be made only when cellular service is available. 5Star Service tracks an approximate location of the device when the device is turned on and connected to the network. GreatCall does not guarantee an exact location. 5Star is only available with the purchase of a Health & Safety Package. GREATCALL, 5STAR, and JITTERBUG are trademarks of Best Buy and its affiliated companies. 2020 Best Buy. All rights reserved. 1. What is the feature of Jitterbug Smart2? A. User-friendly design. B. Quality screen. C. Multiple apps. D. Affordable network. 2. What makes Jitterbug Smart2 the best choice? A. No contracts. B. 100% customer satisfaction. C. No monthly fees. D. Flexible plans. 3. What do we know about 5Star Service? A. It requires a network connection. B. It provides users with a free package. C. It tracks the exact location of the device. D. It guarantees emergency calls at any time. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 【解析】 本文是应用文，介绍了 Jitterbug Smart2 这款手机的特点及办理要求。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 EASY 部分 Everything you want to do，from texting and taking pictures, to emailing and getting directions, is organized in a single list on the screen with large, legible letters. Plus, Voice Typing makes writing emails and texts effortless.(你想做的每件事，从发短信和拍照，到发邮件和问路，都在屏幕上用大而 清晰的字母组织成一个列表。另外，语音打字让写电子邮件和短信变得毫不费力。)可知，该手机的操作界 面简单并且支持语音输入使得打字非常容易，所以 Jitterbug Smart2 的特点是为用户而设计的。故选 A。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章表格中最后一格 Why the Jitterbug Smart2 is your best choice for a new smart phone(为 什么 Jitterbug Smart2 是你新手机的最佳选择)部分的 Affordable, flexible plans(负担得起的、灵活的计划)可 知，灵活的计划使得 Jitterbug Smart2 成为最好的选择。故选 D。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“5Star Service tracks an approximate location of the device when the device is turned on and connected to the network.”(当设备被打开并连接到网络时，5Star 服务跟踪设备的大致位置。) 可知，5Star 服务需要网络的链接，故选 A。 B I had just won a bidding for a 1950s cookie tin full of memories at an estate sale. Delighted at my victory, I took the box and gave it a shake. The contents rattled. Inside were hundreds of buttons, pins, and other items, all glittering in the sunlight. As a girl, I'd always enjoyed digging through my mom's box, just as my daughters enjoyed looking through mine. My eye caught the movement of a swing on the front porch of the house. An old woman watched the happenings in her yard. As I carried my purchases to my car, I stopped to chat with her. She told me she was selling almost all her possessions because she was moving to a nursing home. Her eyes fell to the button box, and when she looked up, they were glistening with tears. I took the lid off the tin, and her rough hands lifted a handful of buttons and then slowly dropped them back into the container. Her fist closed around a delicate pearl button, now yellow with age. "It was from my first husband's uniform," she said. "It's one of the few things that remind me of him when he didn't return home alive." They had been married seven months before he left to serve his country in World War II. As we sifted through the box together, we found hairpins ranging from black to brown to shades of gray and even white; a key to a music box that played a special love song; garter clips, wooden nickels, ruby buttons; all took her further down memory lane. I learned about her wedding, the birth of her children, and much more of the life she'd led for 89 years. After our chat, I set the woman's box of memories down on the swing and slid my hands into hers. I knew we would talk again, when I went to visit her at her new home. And I knew that when l reached my own home, my heart would pull me to my sewing room, where I would rediscover my own lifetime of memories in my own button box. 4. How did the author feel when she got the tin? A. Curious. B. Regretful. C. Joyful. D. Embarrassed. 5. What can we infer about the old woman from the text? A. She was to sell her house and move to a new one. B. She had to sell many things to make ends meet. C. She didn't marry again after her husband died. D. She was the former owner of the cookie tin. 6. What does the underlined phrase "sifted through" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Examined. B. Picked. C. Carried. D. Decorated. 7. What does the button box represent? A. Antiques that add history to a place. B. Memories of unpleasant experiences. C. Objects that bring moments to mind. D. Expressions of kindness from strangers. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文，讲述了女主人公在拍卖中得来的一盒纽扣，引发了盒子主人的无限回忆。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Delighted at my victory, I took the box and gave it a shake.”( 为我的胜利 而高兴，我拿起盒子晃了晃。)可知，作者为自己成功竞拍到这个盒子感到高兴，故选 C。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She told me she was selling almost all her possessions because she was moving to a nursing home.”(她告诉我她几乎卖掉了所有的财产，因为她要搬到养老院去。)可知，作者买的这个盒子， 即 the cookie tin(饼干罐)，也是属于老年妇女出售的物品之一，她是盒子以前的主人。D 项符合推断。A 项 “她要卖房子搬到新房子里”和 B 项“她不得不卖掉很多东西来维持生计” 均不符合题意，C 项“她丈夫死 后她没有在结婚”不符合第三段老年妇女所说的话“It was from my first husband's uniform”(这是我第一任丈 夫制服上的)。故选 D 项。 【6 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据后一句 “we found hairpins ranging from black to brown to shades of gray and even white; a key to a music box…garter clips, wooden nickels, ruby buttons…”( 我们发现了从黑色到棕色的发夹，到灰色甚 至白色的阴影；一个音乐盒的钥匙……吊袜带，木制的镍币，红宝石的按钮……)可以猜出，作者和这位女 主人是在仔细地检查了这个盒子之后，才发现了里面有各种各样的小东西。A 项 Examined 意为“检查”，故 选 A 项。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Her eyes fell to the button box, and when she looked up, they were glistening with tears…”(她的眼睛落在纽扣盒上，当她抬起头时，眼泪闪闪发光……)和后面老人的话“It was from my first husband's uniform. It's one of the few things that remind me of him when he didn't return home alive.” (这是 我第一任丈夫制服上的。这是他没能活着回家时，让我想起他的少数几件事之一。)可知，交谈过程中发现 了盒子里面的物品，纽扣盒子引起了主人的遥远回忆。故选 C 项。 【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上，偶有生词， 走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。推理判断题是考查学 生透过文章表面文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主 观臆断。文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要忠实与原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，找到文章中的 暗示。如本文第 2 小题，文中“She told me she was selling almost all her possessions because she was moving to a nursing home”说明老年妇女卖掉几乎所有财产，因为要进养老院，从而排除 AB 两项，文中“It was from my first husband's uniform”可以排除 C 项，就很容易就判断到正确答案 D 项。 C Genghis Khan(成吉思汗)remains to this day one of the most successful men to have walked the Earth. Rising from an outcast to be the ruler of the largest land empire to have ever existed, he introduced an alphabet and an official form of money, united a kingdom of tribes at war with each other, and conquered most of the known world. His empire spread from Poland to Japan. It is estimated that one in every 200 men on the planet today is related to Genghis Khan. But there are no accounts of the events that surrounded his death and burial; only a mystery focused around an area known as the Forbidden Zone. From the time of the Khan's death in 1227 up until 1991 the Forbidden Zone was as off-limits as any place in the world. Shortly after he died, the surviving Mongol leaders ordered a group of 50 fierce families, known as the Uryangqai of the Woods, to occupy this land and kill anyone who entered without permission. They made exceptions only for the funeral processions(队伍)of the Khan's direct descendants, who were also allowed to be buried there. This extreme degree of secrecy has led many to the conclusion that the body of Genghis Khan himself lies in a tomb somewhere in this zone, along with some of the treasures of an empire vaster than those of Napoleon and Alexander the Great combined. When the U.S.S. R.(前苏联)took over Mongolia in 1924; they killed all the Uryangqai of the Woods just as they tried to erase the memory of the great Khan. The Forbidden Zone -still remained off-limits, however. It wasn't until the fall of the U.S.S.R. in 1991 that entering the Forbidden Zone became possible for scientists and historians. Even today, eight centuries after it quietly rested, the Forbidden Zone has been visited by very few. 8. Which of the following statements about Genghis Khan is TRUE? A. He was the ruler of the largest empire in history. B. He united and occupied many parts of the world. C. An exact number of 200 people are related to him today. D. He was buried in what is known as the Forbidden Zone. 9. What can we learn about the Uryangqai of the Woods? A. They buried Genghis Khan's body in secret. B. They were ordered to occupy the Forbidden Zone. C. They were killed because they hated Genghis Khan. D. They forbade everyone from entering the Forbidden Zone. 10. What would the author probably write about next? A. Who visited the Forbidden Zone. B. When the Forbidden Zone was discovered. C. Why the U.S.S.R. killed all the Uryangqai. D. How the great Khan conquered the known world. 11. What would be the best title for the text? A. Genghis Khan, a Great Emperor B. The Forbidden Zone, a Remaining Mystery C. The Discovery of Genghis Khan's Tomb D. The Bravery of the Uryangqai of the Woods 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了成吉思汗以的成就及他神秘的陵墓的相关信息。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Rising from an outcast to be the ruler of the largest land empire to have ever existed, he introduced an alphabet and an official form of money, united a kingdom of tribes at war with each other, and conquered most of the known world. ”(他从一个被遗弃的人成长为有史以来最大的陆地帝国的统治者， 他引入了字母表和官方货币形式。他统一了互相交战的部落王国，征服了已知世界的大部分地区。)可知， 他联合并占领了世界上许多地方。故选 B。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Shortly after he died, the surviving Mongol leaders ordered a group of 50 fierce families, known as the Uryangqai of the Woods, to occupy this land and kill anyone who entered without permission.”(在他死后不久，幸存的蒙古领导人下令 50 个残暴的家族，即所谓的“森林中的乌阳盖”，占 领这片土地，杀死任何未经许可进入的人。)可知，他们被命令占领禁区。故选 B。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文最后一句话“ Even today, eight centuries after it quietly rested, the Forbidden Zone has been visited by very few.”说到虽然科学家和历史学家现在可以造访“禁地”， 但仍只有极少数人到过这里，可以推断，下文应该会讲述哪些人到过这里，有何发现等。故选 A。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。本文除了第一段讲述了成吉思汗的成就，下文主要在讲他死后有可能被葬在禁地，还专门有 禁军驻守。后来前苏联入侵，杀光禁军，占领“禁地”直到向科学家和历史学家开放，但仍只有极少数人 到过这里。所以短文的最佳标题为““禁地”仍是一个神秘的地方。”故选 B。 D There is proof that, in the past, large comets(彗星)or asteroids(小行星)have struck the Earth. Thirty-five million years ago, a three-kilometer-wide rock hit the ocean floor, 160 kilometers from what is now Washington, D. C., leaving an 85-kilometer-wide crater(坑)buried beneath Chesapeake Bay. Another giant rock, called Titan, ten kilometers in diameter smashed into the Gulf of Mexico around 65 million years ago, giving off thousands of times more energy than all the nuclear weapons on the planet combined. "The whole Earth burned that day," says Ed Lu, a physicist and former astronaut. "The chaos and destruction were unimaginable. Three-quarters of all life forms, including the dinosaurs, died out." Astronomers have found numerous asteroids big enough to cause a disaster for the whole planet. None is on course to do so in our lifetimes, but there are many smaller asteroids that could strike in the near-future, with destructive effects. On June 30, 1908, an object as big as a 15-story building fell in Tunguska, a remote part of Siberia. The object, an asteroid or a small comet, exploded several kilometers before impact, burning and blowing down trees across 2, 000 square kilometers. Clouds of dust and ice filled the sky. The particles reflected the surfs light onto the Earth, and for days people in Europe could read newspapers outdoors at night. More recently, in 2013, a 20-meter meteor(流星)exploded over Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, injuring dozens of people on the ground. It was the largest object to enter the Earth's atmosphere since Tunguska. The next time a large object falls out of the sky, we may be taken by surprise. Currently, there is no early-warning system for near-Earth objects. However, over the next decade, sky surveys, like the one being done by Tholen should begin filling that gap. Astronomers are making a list of thousands of asteroids to help us predict the next strike. "Every couple of weeks," says Lu, "we're going to be finding another asteroid with, like, a one-in-a-thousand chance of hitting the Earth." 12. When did the largest object mentioned in the text enter the Earth's atmosphere? A. 65 million years ago. B. 35 million years ago. C. In 1908. D. In 2013. 13. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in Paragraph 2? A. The recent findings of rare stars. B. The significance of disaster prevention. C. The new knowledge of space travel. D. The threat of comets and asteroids. 14. What can we infer from Ed Lu's words? A. The chance of the earth being hit is decreasing. B. Titan destroyed most life forms on earth. C. The dinosaurs died out due to a nuclear explosion. D. We have already had mature warning systems. 15. What is the author's attitude towards future predictions? A. Pessimistic. B. Indifferent. C. Optimistic. D. Neutral. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在地球几十亿年的存在史中，曾经被哪些外来星体撞击过，以及未来我们有 可能怎样防止一些毁灭性的星体撞击。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。文章第一段讲到两个星体撞击了地球，第一个是 3500 万年前，一个宽约 3 公里的岩石，第二 个是 6500 万年前，一个直径 10 公里的岩石。第二段讲到的两个，体积小很多，一个是 1908 年撞击地球的， 大约有 15 层楼大小；另一个，在 2013 年约 20 米大小的流星撞击了地球。相比较，课文中提到的最大的进 入地球大气层的物体就是 6500 万年前的那个岩石。故选 A 项。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段前两句“Astronomers have found numerous asteroids big enough to cause a disaster for the whole planet.…but there are many smaller asteroids that could strike in the near-future, with destructive effects. ”(天文学家已经发现了许多大到足以给整个行星造成灾难的小行星……但是在不久的将来，有许多 小行星可能会撞击地球，造成毁灭性的影响。)和接下来举的近期两个例子“an asteroid or a small comet”和 “a 20-meter meteor”可知，彗星和小行星对地球存在威胁。故选 D 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段 Ed Lu 说的话“The whole Earth burned that day…The chaos and destruction were unimaginable. Three-quarters of all life forms, including the dinosaurs, died out.”“整个地球都在燃烧，我们很难 想象当时的混乱还有对地球的破坏有多严重。地球上四分之三的生命，包括恐龙，都灭绝了。”可知 Titan 毁 灭了地球上大部分的生命形式。故选 B 项。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“However, over the next decade, sky surveys, like the one being done by Tholen should begin filling that gap. Astronomers are making a list of thousands of asteroids to help us predict the next strike.”(然而，在接下来的十年里，像 Tholen 正在进行的天空观测应该开始填补这个空白。天文学家 正在列出成千上万颗小行星的名单，以帮助我们预测下一次撞击。)可知，作者提到未来会有新技术可以弥 补现在的一些不足，以及 Ed Lu 提到他们会发现那些有可能会撞击地球的小行星，可以推断作者是看好未 来预测的。故选 C 项。 【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上，偶有生词， 走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。阅读理解题之细节理 解解题要注意：1.排除干扰项，突出主题。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关信息，预测应该到 何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将注意力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速浏览，一目十行。发现细节，十 目一行，放慢速度，仔细核对比较，直到找到正确答案。如本文第 1 题，找出文中提到的“最大的进入地球 大气层的物体”，核对第一段两个例子和第二段两个例子，认真比较，很容易判断正确答案。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How To Make Your Garden Pet-Friendly Have you ever thought of providing your pet with a comfortable garden?_____16_____And whether you have a dog, cat, miniature pig or a host of different animals to spend your time with, it's crucial they have a safe environment in which to play in the open air. ___17___This could stretch the whole breadth of your garden, or just a section if you'd prefer to keep a part of your space as a human-only zone. When choosing what to have underfoot, grass is a clear winner and paved pathways are also safe for paws to pad about on. Try to avoid loose materials such as gravel(砂砾)which could get stuck and injure your pet._____18_____Daffodils, English Ivy, Mistletoe and many more are harmful to dogs; research what your pet can and cannot tolerate. Finding shade for an animal is vital(imagine spending summer in a fur coat without a break), so provide areas where they can rest and retreat from the sun.___19___ Since animals aren't known for their lavatorial(入厕的)manners, you will be left to clear up their business.____20____Other than being an eyesore for your much-loved landscape, not clearing up after your pets could lead to health problems for humans and other animals. A. Our furry companions love the outdoors. B. Your pets probably like colorful flowers. C. However annoying the chore, it's an important one. D. Start with a strong, firm fence to assign their boundaries. E. It is also a polite behavior for the pet-owner in public places. F. Leaving water in these spaces can be enough encouragement for them to visit. G. Besides, knowing which plants could be potentially poisonous is also important. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. C 【解析】 本文是说明文，介绍了怎样布置一个适合宠物的花园。 【16 题详解】 根据上文“Have you ever thought of providing your pet with a comfortable garden?”(你想过给你的宠物一个舒 适的花园吗?)和下文“And whether you have a dog, cat, miniature pig or a host of different animals to spend your time with, it's crucial they have a safe environment in which to play in the open air.”(不管你是养了狗、猫、小猪 还是一群不同的动物，给它们一个安全的户外玩耍环境是很重要的。)可知，中间缺少的信息应该是我们的 宠物喜欢户外玩耍。A 项：Our furry companions love the outdoors.(我们毛茸茸的伙伴喜欢户外活动。)符合 语境。故选 A。 【17 题详解】 此处为段落主题句。根据下文“This could stretch the whole breadth of your garden, or just a section if you'd prefer to keep a part of your space as a human-only zone.”(这可以延伸整个花园的宽度，或者如果你想保留一部分空 间作为人类专用区域，也可以只是一小部分。)可以看出是空间布置，This 指代上文中的 a strong, firm fence to assign their boundaries。D 项：Start with a strong, firm fence to assign their boundaries.(用一个 坚固的栅栏来划分他们的界限。)符合语境。故选 D。 【18 题详解】 根据上文“Try to avoid loose materials such as gravel which could get stuck and injure your pet.”(尽量避免像砂 砾这样的松散材料，因为它们可能会被卡住，伤害到你的宠物。)和下文“Daffodils, English Ivy, Mistletoe and many more are harmful to dogs; research what your pet can and cannot tolerate.”(水仙花、常春藤、槲寄生和更多 的是对狗有害;研究一下你的宠物能容忍什么和不能容忍什么。)可知，设空处提到一些植物有毒。G 项： Besides, knowing which plants could be potentially poisonous is also important.(此外，知道哪些植物可能有毒也 很重要。)符合语境。选项中的 poisonous 对应 are harmful to 。故选 G。 【19 题详解】 前一句说了要考虑宠物在阳光下应有一个遮阴的地方，所以承接下来就是在这些阴凉处摆放一些水能鼓励 他们来躲避阳光，故 F 选项“把水留在这些地方就足够鼓励它们来这里了。”切题。 areas 对应 these spaces。故选 F。 【20 题详解】 前一句说你可能要清理宠物的粪便，后面说不清理会对人或其他动物产生不良影响，所以这个活不管多么 艰难，讨厌，都必须做。故 C 选项“不管这项工作有多烦人，它都是很重要的”切题。clear up their business 对应 annoying。故选 C。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 I was born with a genetic condition, retinitis pigmentosa(色素性视网膜炎), and, over the years, my eyesight gradually got worse. The best way to describe it is like____21____a straw which is coated by cling film(薄膜)over the____22____. And a few years later, I was almost 100% blind. When I was young, I used to get very angry if I____23____something I found difficult or couldn't do because of my eyes. But over time I learned that wasn't a helpful____24____. There's no point getting____25____by the fact I can't see, because it won't____26____it. Of course, my great____27____is climbing. People are usually____28____when they discover that not only do I climb, but I also lead climbs. At university I____29____the Mountaineering Club and was able to climb much more_____30_____. We had regular trips to indoor walls and weekends away outdoors. I met my_____31_____Molly at a climbing club during freshers' week. We didn't climb together very much_____32_____we were both very experienced and were normally_____33_____up with those who hadn't done as much as we had. We were just friends at first, but eventually romance blossomed. I actually_____34_____to her in 2017 on a climbing trip to Greenland. She said yes. People often ask me, "Why rock climbing, it doesn't seem like a good activity for a_____35_____person?" But when I think about the danger,_____36_____the road is far more dangerous, and also it's something where I'm not in control. Doing that climb was evidence of the_____37_____I've always had—which is that I'm not_____38_____, I'm just blind and able. It's quite possible that I wouldn't be as good a climber if I weren't blind—if I didn't have these challenges, it wouldn't make me_____39_____. The_____40_____is built through my disability. 21. A. looking through B. looking over C. looking up D. looking for 22. A. edge B. end C. outside D. inside 23. A. avoided B. abandoned C. encountered D. obtained 24. A. excuse B. lesson C. process D. response 25. A. wounded B. bored C. shocked D. pleased 26. A. stimulate B. change C. accelerate D. refuse 27. A. advantage B. passion C. routine D. target 28. A. excited B. demanding C. caring D. amazed 29. A. quitted B. discovered C. joined D. dismissed 30. A. frequently B. difficultly C. comfortably D. cautiously 31. A. friend B. wife C. husband D. sister 32. A. once B. while C. so D. because 33. A. fed B. messed C. partnered D. lined 34. A. surrendered B. proposed C. attached D. turned 35. A. deaf B. dumb C. blind D. lame 36. A. crossing B. paving C. mending D. cleaning 37. A. love B. career C. misfortune D. belief 38. A. disabled B. healthy C. wealthy D. depressed 39. A. responsible B. comfortable C. available D. focused 40. A. kindness B. curiosity C. determination D. imagination 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者虽然眼睛看不见，但是仍然坚持自己的爱好，最终凭借自己的意志 和决心获取了爱情和美好的生活。 【21 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：最好的描述它的方式是就像看一根末端涂上了保鲜膜的吸管。A. looking through 浏览；B. looking over 查看，调查；C. looking up 查阅，向上看；D. looking for 寻找。根据上文“I was born with a genetic condition, retinitis pigmentosa, and, over the years, my eyesight gradually got worse.”(我生来就有遗传 性疾病，视网膜色素变性，多年来，我的视力逐渐恶化。)可知，本句是对前句病情恶化的形象的表述，即 作者看东西的状态就像从一个管子中间看的时候，在管子的末端有一层薄膜挡住一样看不清楚。故选 A。 【22 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：最好的描述它的方式是就像看一根末端涂上了保鲜膜的吸管。 A. edge 边缘；B. end 终止，结束；C. outside 外部；D. inside 内部。根据上文“I was born with a genetic condition, retinitis pigmentosa, and, over the years, my eyesight gradually got worse.”(我生来就有遗传性疾病，视网膜色素变性，多年来，我 的视力逐渐恶化。)可知，作者看东西就像看一根末端涂上了保鲜膜的吸管。故选 B。 【23 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：当我年轻的时候，如果我遇到一些我觉得很难或者因为我的眼睛而做不到的事情， 我会非常生气。A. avoided 避免；B. abandoned 放弃；C. encountered 遇到；D. obtained 获得。根据上文“And a few years later, I was almost 100% blind.”(几年后，我几乎完全失明了。)可知，作者因为失明会遇到一些 有困难或者做不到的事情。故选 C。 【24 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，我发现这并不是一个有益的回答。A. excuse 借口；B. lesson 课， 教训；C. process 过程；D. response 回应。作者认为眼睛看不见不应该作为不能完成某些事的回应。故选 D。 【25 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：没有必要因为我看不见的事实而受伤，因为这不会改变事实。A. wounded 受伤的； B. bored 无聊的；C. shocked 震惊的；D. pleased 高兴的。作者认为不能因为看不见而受伤。故选 A。 【26 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：没有必要因为我看不见的事实而受伤，因为这不会改变事实。A. stimulate 促进，激 发；B. change 改变；C. accelerate 加速；D. refuse 拒绝。自己看不见这个事实是无法改变的。故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：当然，我最大的热情是爬山。A. advantage 优点；B. passion 激情；C. routine 常规； D. target 目标。根据“not only do I climb, but I also lead climbs.”(我不仅能爬，而且能领导爬山)可知，作者 对爬山充满了热情。故选 B。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：当人们发现我不仅能爬，而且还能领导攀登时，他们通常会感到惊讶。A. excited 兴奋的；B. demanding 严苛的；C. caring 关心他人的，体贴人的；D. amazed 感到惊讶的。根据上文内容“And a few years later, I was almost 100% blind.”(几年后，我几乎完全失明了。)可知，作者失明了，因此对于他 能爬山这件事人们感到很惊讶。故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：上大学时，我加入了登山俱乐部，因此能够更频繁地爬山。A. quitted 放弃；B. discovered 发现；C. joined 加入；D. dismissed 解雇，开除。根据“the Mountaineering Club”可知，作者加入了登山俱 乐部。故选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查副词辨析。句意：上大学时，我加入了登山俱乐部，因此能够更频繁地爬山。A. frequently 经常地；B. difficultly 困难地；C. comfortably 舒服地；D. cautiously 小心地，谨慎地。根据“We had regular trips”可知， 作者加入俱乐部后，爬山更加频繁了。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：我在新生周期间的一个攀岩俱乐部认识了我的妻子莫莉。A. friend 朋友；B. wife 妻 子 ； C. husband 丈 夫 ； D. sister 姐 妹 。 根 据 下 文 “We were just friends at first, but eventually romance blossomed.”(我们刚开始只是朋友，但最终爱情开花结果。)可知，Molly 是作者的妻子。故选 B。 【32 题详解】 考查从属连词。句意：我们很少一起爬山，因为我们都很有经验，通常我们的搭档都是那些没有我们爬得 多的人。A. once 一旦；B. while 当……时候；C. so 因此；D. because 因为。根据“we were both very experienced”可知，两个人都有经验是很少一起爬山的原因。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：我们很少一起爬山，因为我们都很有经验，通常我们的搭档都是那些没有我们爬得 多的人。A. fed 喂养；B. messed 弄脏，弄乱；C. partnered 做搭档；D. lined 排队。根据“we were both very experienced”可知，可知，因为两个人都有经验，所以要搭档那些没有他们爬得多的人。故选 C。 【34 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：事实上，我在 2017 年去格陵兰爬山的时候向她求婚了。A. surrendered 投降；B. proposed 提议，求婚；C. attached 重视，附加；D. turned 转身。根据“but eventually romance blossomed.”可知，此 处表示作者向 Molly 求婚。故选 B。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：人们经常问我，“为什么攀岩对盲人来说不是一项好的活动?”A. deaf 聋的；B. dumb 哑的；C. blind 瞎的；D. lame 瘸的，跛的。根据上文“And a few years later, I was almost 100% blind.”可知， 此处是形容词“blind”的词汇复现。故选 C。 【36 题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：但是当我想到危险的时候，过马路要危险得多，而且这是我无法控制的事情。A. crossing 穿过，越过；B. paving 铺路；C. mending 修理；D. cleaning 打扫。作者对人们的问题，很淡定的回答，提 及危险的话，其实盲人过马路可能会更加危险，这个是他们无法掌控的。cross the road“过马路”，故选 A。 【37 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：这次攀登证明了我一直以来的信念——我没有残疾，我只是瞎了，但还有能力。A. love 爱；B. career 职业生涯；C. misfortune 不幸；D. belief 信念。攀岩一直以来，都是为了证明自己的一个观点： 尽管看不见，但自己不是废人。故选 D。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：这次攀登证明了我一直以来的信念——我没有残疾，我只是瞎了，但还有能力。A. disabled 残疾的；B. healthy 健康的；C. wealthy 富有的；D. depressed 抑郁的，沮丧的。由下文“I'm just blind“可 知作者并不认为自己有缺陷，故选 A。 【39 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：如果我没有失明，我很可能就不会成为一个优秀的攀岩者——如果我没有这些挑 战，我就无法集中注意力。A. responsible 负责任的；B. comfortable 舒服的；C. available 可利用的；D. focused 注意力集中的。作者认为没有这些挑战的话，所有的一切东西都不会使我集中精力，专注于每一件事。故 选 D。 【40 题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：我的残疾造就了决心。A. kindness 善良；B. curiosity 好奇心；C. determination 决心； D. imagination 想象力。全文的主旨词，就是作者的意志和决心才使得自己被他人接受，尊敬。故选 C。 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2018, the American Cancer Society released____41____alarming report. It notes 20 percent of clinical(临 床的)trials fail because of insufficient patient enrollment(登记)and that 56 percent of patients____42____(seek)care will not have a clinical trial in their immediate area. But so far, the COVID-19 pandemic____43____(force)our system to start addressing significant flaws and find ways to evolve to make sure the "process" helps patients. First, we need to remove geographic barriers that prevent patient____44____(participate)in trials. After COVID-19 struck, we had several patients concerned about their ability____45____(travel)to our trial site to receive care. Instead of discontinuing their trials, we were able to transition their study tests to a local hospital and conduct their regularly____46____(schedule)visits via telemedicine. A second step is improving____47____we connect patients with clinical trials. Historically speaking, clinical trials place a massive amount of pressure____48____physicians to identify qualified patients. The process can be slow and inefficient and may result in more misses than____49____(hit)when it comes to finding the right patients for a study. So, enter artificial intelligence(AI). AI can improve the patient identification timeline by nearly 90 percent, and_____50_____(virtual)eliminates human disruption and potential misses caused by pandemics or other variables. 【答案】41. an 42. seeking 43. has forced 44. participation 45. to travel 46. scheduled 47. how 48. on 49. hits 50. virtually 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要指出了 20%的临床试验失败的原因是患者登记不足，56%的寻求治疗的患者不 会在其所在地区进行临床试验等问题。并就这些问题提出了解决办法。 【41 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：2018 年，美国癌症协会发布了一份令人担忧的报告。report 为可数名词，此处表示泛指， alarming 发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词 an。故填 an。 【42 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：报告指出，20%的临床试验失败的原因是患者登记不足，56%的寻求治疗的患者不 会在其所在地区进行临床试验。分析句子结构，will not have 为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语， patients 和 seek 为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填 seeking。 【43 题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：但到目前为止，COVID-19 大流行已迫使我们的系统开始着手解决重大缺 陷，并找到改进的方法，以确保“进程”帮助患者。根据时间状语 so far 可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为 单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填 has forced。 【44 题详解】 考查名词。句意：首先，我们需要消除阻碍患者参与试验的地理障碍。patient 为名词作定语，所以这里需 要用名词作宾语。故填 participation。 【45 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在新冠肺炎爆发后，有几名患者担心他们是否有能力前往我们的试验地点接受治 疗。名词 ability 后面需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填 to travel。 【46 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们没有停止他们的试验，而是能够将他们的研究测试转移到当地医院，并通过 远程医疗对他们进行定期的访问。conduct 为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，schedule 和逻辑主语 visits 之间为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填 scheduled。 【47 题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：第二步是改善我们将患者与临床试验联系起来的方式。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺 少方式状语，需用连接副词 how 引导。故填 how。 【48 题详解】 考查介词。句意：从历史上讲，临床试验给医生带来了巨大的压力，要求他们识别出合格的患者。place pressure on...为固定短语，意为“把压力施加在……上”。故填 on。 【49 题详解】 考查名词。句意：在为研究寻找合适的患者时，这个过程可能会缓慢而低效，可能会导致更多的失败而不 是成功。hit 和 misses 并列，需填名词复数形式作宾语。故填 hits。 【50 题详解】 考查副词。句意：人工智能可以将识别患者的时间轴提高近 90%，并在实质上消除了由流行病或其他变量 造成的人为干扰和潜在漏诊。空处修饰动词 eliminates，需用副词形式。故填 virtually。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错 误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 It fills my heart with two feelings until I pick up my pen to write to you. One is the great joy of having landed a foreign country for post-graduation. The other, obviously, is the sadness of be away from you all. I actually felt tired after having travelled by air for such many hours. Then getting settling also exhausted me. Although the college and the lecturers are the second to none in perfectness, at several moments I felt like bursting into tear. I felt extreme homesick. Finally, that has not been overcome totally, so far. Yes, one had to be strong, in the end. There is a number of things to share but I will stop myself here. 【答案】1.until→when 2.在 a 前面加 on 3.be→being 4.such→so 5.settling→settled 6.将 second 前面的 the 去掉 7.tear→tears 8.extreme→extremely 9.had→has 10.is→are 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在国外生活时发生的一些事，以及作者抒发了自己的思乡之情。 【详解】1.考查时间状语从句。句意：当我拿起笔给你写信的时候，我的心里充满了两种感觉。结合语境可 知，此处为“当……时候”，需用 when 引导。故将 until 改为 when。 2.考查固定短语。句意：其一是毕业后踏上异国他乡的巨大喜悦。land on 为固定短语，意为“在……上着陆； 到达……”。故在 a 前面加 on。 3.考查非谓语动词。of 为介词，介词后应用动名词作宾语。故将 be 改为 being。 4.考查副词。such 为形容词，修饰名词，many 为形容词，需用副词 so 修饰。故将 such 改为 so。 5.考查非谓语动词。get done 为固定用法，表状态。故将 setting 改为 settled。 6.考查固定搭配。be second to none 为固定搭配，意为“最好的，首屈一指”。故将 the 去掉。 7.考查固定短语。burst into tears 为固定短语，意为“突然大哭起来”。故将 tear 改为 tears。 8.考查副词。修饰形容词 homesick，需要副词。故将 extreme 改为 extremely。 9.考查动词时态。结合上下文，此处陈述客观事实，需要一般现在时。故将 had 改为 has。 10.考查主谓一致。“a number of”修饰的名词作主语，需要用复数的谓语动词。故将 is 改为 are。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 52. 2020 年 8 月份的洪涝灾害给全国人民带来了巨大损失，尤其是川渝地区，受灾非常严重。假定你是新华 中学学生李华，即将为学校留学生部的同学做一次演讲，介绍此次灾情。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1.简介灾情； 2.呼吁援助； 3.援助方式。 注意：1.适当增加细节，不逐字翻译； 2.词数 100 左右。 Dear all, 【答案】Dear all, It is a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech. The flood in August has caused great damage to our country. In Sichuan and Chongqing, the damage has been especially severe. Therefore, I'm appealing to everyone to reach out and help those in need. I believe the following can be done to help them. First of all, I'd like to raise a mini fund among the class so those in need can spend the money in bringing things back to normal. Besides, over the weekend, a trip can be organized to visit those who were severely affected. See what we can do to help on site. Last but not least, we can write and send out cards of best wishes to comfort them and wish them every success in getting things reorganized again. It is with a sincere heart that I hope everyone can extend a helping hand at this critical moment. I thank you for your gesture of kindness. Thanks for your listening. 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇演讲稿。文章主要讲述 2020 年 8 月份的洪涝灾害的灾情。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1.简介灾情； 2.呼吁援助； 3.援助方式。 第二步：列提纲(重点词组) cause great damage to；appeal to；reach out；in need；first of all；would like to do；bring things back to；last but not least；send out 第三步：连词成句 1.It is a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech. 2.The flood in August has caused great damage to our country. 3.In Sichuan and Chongqing, the damage has been especially severe. 4.Therefore, I'm appealing to everyone to reach out and help those in need. 5.I believe the following can be done to help them. 6.First of all, I'd like to raise a mini fund among the class so those in need can spend the money in bringing things back to normal. 7.Besides, over the weekend, a trip can be organized to visit those who were severely affected. 8.See what we can do to help on site. 9.Last but not least, we can write and send out cards of best wishes to comfort them and wish them every success in getting things reorganized again. 10.It is with a sincere heart that I hope everyone can extend a helping hand at this critical moment. 11.I thank you for your gesture of kindness. 12.Thanks for your listening. 根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。 第四步：连句成篇(衔接词) 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如：Besides, over the weekend, a trip can be organized to visit those who were severely affected.中 who 引导定语从句，See what we can do to help on site.中 what 引导宾语从句，全文中没有 中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然， 为文章增色添彩。