【英语】2020届二轮复习语法之代词学案

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法之代词学案

第2节　代词 Step1 典题感悟·高考名题这样考 考查角度1　人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 ‎1．(2019·北京卷)I know I will whisper to ____________(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．‎ ‎[解析]　考查代词。句意：我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。‎ ‎[答案]　myself ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other , I was just glad to find ____________ (they) alive.‎ ‎[解析]　考查代词。这里用them指代上文的the gorillas。‎ ‎[答案]　them ‎3．(2017·浙江卷)Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from the house.“ She thought I had hurt ____________ (I)，” says Pahlsson.‎ ‎[解析]　考查代词。此处表示她以为我伤着自己了。选择代词时要注意代词的功能及意义。根据句意可知，此处用反身代词myself。当句子的主语和动词的宾语指相同的人时，一般用反身代词。‎ ‎[答案]　myself 考查角度2　it的用法 ‎4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ____________ a try.‎ ‎[解析]　考查固定搭配。give it a try为固定搭配，意为“试一试”，根据语境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。‎ ‎[答案]　it/running ‎5．(2018·浙江卷)Many westerners who/that come to China cook ‎ much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ____________ can be to eat out.‎ ‎[解析]　考查代词。此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语是to eat out。‎ ‎[答案]　it ‎6．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ____________ every day.‎ ‎[解析]　考查代词。句意：然而，该地铁很快被证明是巨大的成功，在六个月内，每天超过25 000人使用它。根据语境可知，此处应用it指代文中的the railway。‎ ‎[答案]　it 考查角度3　不定代词、替代词 ‎7．(2019·天津卷)A study shows the students who are engaged in afterschool activities are happier than ____________ who are not.‎ ‎[解析]　考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。‎ ‎[答案]　the ones/those ‎8．(2016·浙江卷改编)In many ways，the education system in the US is not very different from ____________ in the UK.‎ ‎[解析]　考查代词。that用来替代前面的the education system，故用that。‎ ‎[答案]　that Step2 知识储备·抓重破难补短板 一、人称代词的用法 ‎1．人称代词的主格I，you，he，she，it，we和they在句中作主语，宾格me，you，him，her，it，us和them在句中作动词或介词的宾语。‎ ‎①(2019·考试大纲调研卷)As is known to all, illnesses always bring ‎ pains and sufferings to humans, but doctors can help us get rid of it.____________‎ ‎[答案]　it→them ‎②(2019·惠州第一次调研考试)After many attempts, we dugs holes and put seedlings into it.____________‎ ‎[答案]　it→them ‎2．下列情况常用宾格代替主格 ‎(1)在非正式英语尤其是口语中，人称代词在be后作表语时。如：It's me.‎ ‎(2)单独使用或在带not的简略回答中。如：Me！(Not me！)‎ ‎(3)感叹句或省略句中。如：Why me?‎ ‎③(2019·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)It was my birthday and I was looking forward to seeing my friends. I decided to wait for him patiently.____________‎ ‎[答案]　him→them ‎④(2019·陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测)I have been getting my birthday presents but none of which have been remarkable so far.____________‎ ‎[答案]　which→them 二、形容词性物主代词及名词性物主代词 形容词性物主代词my，your，his，her，its，our，their只能在名词前作定语。如果名词前有形容词性物主代词，则不能再使用冠词(a，an，the)或指示代词(this，that，these，those)修饰此名词。名词性物主代词mine，yours，his，hers，its，ours，theirs相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用作后置定语，但不能单独作定语。‎ ‎⑤(2019·合肥市调研性检测)At noon, we all had to say goodbye to them. And they were extremely grateful to us for their visit.____________‎ ‎[答案]　their→our ‎⑥(2019·辽宁省五校协作体联合模拟考试)What do you think of my suggestion? Looking forward to you reply.____________‎ ‎[答案]　第二个you→your 三、 指示代词的用法 指示代词有this，that，these，those等。‎ 注意this，these是时间或空间上的“近指”，可与here连用；that，those是时间或空间上的“远指”，可与there连用。‎ ‎⑦(2018·原创卷)He has been planning to do this creative paintings for some time, and is glad that so many people like their style.____________‎ ‎[答案]　this→these 四、反身代词的用法 反身代词在句子中可以作enjoy，teach，hurt，buy，introduce等动词和by，for，to等介词的宾语，还可以作主语或宾语的同位语，可译作“亲自，本人”，但不能作主语。‎ 反身代词的常用搭配：‎ by oneself 独自，单独　　　　call oneself 自称 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 help oneself to 随便吃 lose oneself in 沉迷于 teach oneself 自学 to oneself 独自占用 of oneself 自动地 ‎⑧(2019·南昌市重点中学高三段考)The other day, some of my classmates and I took a bicycle trip along the “Renmin Road”， which was specially built for people to relax ourselves.____________‎ ‎[答案]　ourselves→themselves 五、替代词和不定代词 ‎1．替代词that，one与it that 可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词。指代单数可数名词相当于the one。其复数形式为those，相当于the ones one 指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”，其复数形式为ones it 特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物 ‎⑨(2019·绵阳高中第一次诊断性考试)For each one meal, I eat quite a lot, but I don't actually risk any health problem.____________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉one ‎2．不定代词both，all，either，any，neither，none 都 任何一个 都不(全部否定)‎ 部分否定 两者 both either neither＝‎ not either both和not 连用 三者或 三者以上 all any none＝‎ not any all和 not连用 ‎⑩(2018·广州市高三调研)Judging by the fact that there was no left, I think that our team did a great job.____________‎ ‎[答案]　no→none/nothing ‎3．不定代词the other，other，another，others the other 可单独使用，特指两个人或物中的“另一个”，也可修饰名词表示“另外的……” ‎ other 不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义 another 可单独使用，也可修饰名词，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/few＋复数名词” 形式，表示“另外的……(多少)” ‎ others 单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some一起出现；特指“其他的全部人或事物” 时用the others ‎⑪(2019·江西省三名校联考)Organic farming is ____________ rising trend that is appearing in the UK.‎ ‎[答案]　another 六、it的用法 ‎1．it 可指代前面提到的同一个人或物，也可指代不清楚或没必要知道性别的说话对象，还指代环境、情形、时间、地点、距离、天气、季节、度量衡单位等。‎ ‎⑫(2019·郑州市高中第三次质量预测)Some students cut potatoes into pieces, some dug holes and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the holes, put the earth back and pushed them down hard.____________‎ ‎[答案]　them→it ‎2．it可作形式主语或形式宾语，用来指代不定式、动词ing形式或从句，而把真正的主语或宾语后置。‎ ‎⑬(2019·郑州市高中第一次质量预测)Although ____________ is not yet clear how the Dubai project will be able to secure enough fresh water to dilute seawater for largescale rice planting, Chinese scientists have already started growing it closer to home on a commercial scale. ‎ ‎[答案]　it ‎3．表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后面接it，构成一些固定结构，这类动词有like，love，hate，dislike，appreciate等。‎ ‎⑭(2019·武汉部分学校调研测试)I will appreciate if you let me know what you have done to solve the problem.____________‎ ‎[答案]　appreciate后加it ‎4．it常用于一些固定搭配中，如It is no wonder that“难怪……” ；make it“成功；确定时间为……” ；When it comes to...“当提到……” 等。‎ ‎⑮(2019·太原市第一学期考试)____________ is claimed that consideration of others and high levels of management are required.‎ ‎[答案]　It Step3 增分攻略·献计献策献妙招 确保代词不失误，下列忠告要记住：‎ 一思人称你我他，二思所指单复数，‎ 三思反身代词法，再思名词为谁物。‎ it用法归句型，不定代词两边述。‎ ‎[操作技法1]　确定“格”‎ 如果有提示词，重点考虑两个方面，如果后面没有被修饰名词，重点考虑主格、宾语或反身代词；若后面有修饰语，则要考虑形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·南昌市第三次模拟测试)The quiet guide was not our leader, but only the person whose sensitivity was more developed than ____________(we)．‎ ‎[解析]　考查代词。空处与“whose sensitivity”呼应，故此处用名词性物主代词作宾语。‎ ‎[答案]　ours ‎[操作技法2]　不定代词或it的用法 不定代词往往出现在比较句、对比句以及转折句当中，而it则出现在固定的句子结构中。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·沈阳市高中教学质量监测)___________ is also good to limit the amount of time exposed to noise and to take listening breaks to give the ears a rest.‎ ‎[解析]　考查代词。It＋系动词＋形容词＋to do sth. 是固定句型，it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，故填It。‎ ‎[答案]　It ‎[操作技法3]　代词固定搭配、固定句式要记全 在语法填空题中，某些是对代词固定句式的考查，平时一定要注意积累关于代词的某些固定搭配和固定句式，在做题时灵活、准确的应用。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·洛阳市第一次统考)The tour guide told us there were almost 8,700 rooms in the Palace Museum. During the Ming Dynasty, construction began in 1406. ________took 14 years to build the Forbidden City. ‎ ‎[解析]　考查代词固定句，It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 故填It.‎ ‎[答案]　It ‎ ‎[操作技法4]　代词it用法灵活，句式结构不会分析 ‎ it 用作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词、不定式充当。‎ ‎[典例]　(2019·河北唐山一次调研)I realized ________ was foolish to judge Al that way.‎ ‎[解析]　句意：我意识到那样判断阿尔是愚蠢的。设空处需用it作形式主语，本句中的 “to judge Al that way” 为真正的主语。故填it。‎ ‎[答案]　it ‎ ‎1．代词选用前后看 ‎(1)it可用来指代前面提到的同一个物体；固定搭配，如make it(成功), as sb. puts it (正如某人所说)。‎ ‎(2)语境中给出两个选择的情况：二者选其一，用either；二者都不选，用neither；二者都选，用both。‎ ‎(3)表示其他或另外的情况：若表示“另外一个”，即暗指除这个之外的另一个，用another；other和others表示不确定意义，其中other可以修饰名词，而others后不能接名词，两者的关系可描述为：others＝other＋复数名词。‎ ‎2．代词使用看结构 it用作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词、不定式充当。‎ step4 刷题训练·练稳练准练速度 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2019·抚州高三模拟)That's why I don't drive anywhere until ____________(I) is on tight.‎ ‎[解析]　此处表示my car＝mine。故填mine。‎ ‎[答案]　mine ‎2．(2019·遵义高三模拟)After trying everything, the king thought to ____________(he)，“Maybe I need someone who knows more about the countryside to solve the problem.”‎ ‎[解析]　考查固定短语think to oneself“自己想”，故用himself。‎ ‎[答案]　himself ‎3．(2019·石家庄高三质检)At a nearby coffee shop, ____________(it) owner scanned a QR code on my phone.‎ ‎[解析]　根据空后为owner，名词，故应用形容词性物主代词修饰，故填its。‎ ‎[答案]　its ‎4．(2019·鄂州高三模拟)China is one of the world's oldest civilizations. ____________ is a state located in East Asia.‎ ‎[解析]　此处用it指代前面提到的同一事物，故用代词It。‎ ‎[答案]　It ‎5．(2018·黄冈模拟)Whenever guests visit, ____________ is necessary to make and serve tea to them.‎ ‎[解析]　此处考查固定句式it is＋adj.＋to do sth., it为形式主语，故用it。‎ ‎[答案]　it ‎6．(2018·南昌模拟)He also emphasized that the system ____________ (it) is not connected to a cloud server, but to a local server, in order to prevent unauthorized access to the data.‎ ‎[解析]　此处表示the system本身，故用反身代词，故填itself。‎ ‎[答案]　itself ‎7．(2018·柳州模拟)____________ is well－known that the novel was written by Louis Cha, better known by his pen name, Jin Yong.‎ ‎[解析]　此处考查句式“It is well－known that...众所周知的是……”其中It为形式主语。‎ ‎[答案]　It ‎8．(2018·南阳模拟)He asked me whether I would be interested in doing a parttime job in one of ____________(they) leading hotels.‎ ‎[解析]　leading hotels为名词短语，故应用形容词性物主代词修饰，故填their。‎ ‎[答案]　their ‎9．(2018·莆田模拟)In the temple fair you can taste numerous kinds of local snacks, court food and some ____________ dishes.‎ ‎[解析]　some other dishes表示“一些其他的菜”，other＋复数名词，故应用other。‎ ‎[答案]　other ‎10．(2019·原创卷)The full moons on Jan. 2 and Jan. 31 will be super ____________(one) and even they'll be blue super moons, which means the second full moon in a single month.‎ ‎[解析]　ones用来代替前面提到过的可数名词复数moons，故填ones。‎ ‎[答案]　ones ‎11．(2018·江苏扬州中学检测)A child should be receiving either meat or eggs daily, preferably ____________.‎ ‎[解析]　句意为：孩子应该每日食用肉类或蛋类，最好两种都吃。根据语境判断是“两者都”，故填both。‎ ‎[答案]　both ‎12．(2019·创新题)We may like to think of ____________(we) more important than others, but our happiness sometimes lies in the happiness of other people.‎ ‎[解析]　句意为：我们可能认为我们自己比别人更重要……。该空作think of的宾语，且表示“我们自己”，故该空应填反身代词ourselves。‎ ‎[答案]　ourselves ‎13．(2018·北京101中学一模)—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ____________？‎ ‎—No, I'd rather buy ____________ in the bookstore.‎ ‎[解析]　it特指上文提到过的具体的某物；one指上文提到过的同类事物中的一个，是泛指。第一个空指的是图书馆的那本书，指的是同一本书，故用it；第二个空指的是去书店买一本和那本一样的书。‎ ‎[答案]　it; one ‎14．(2019·内蒙古预测)Equipped with modern facilities, today's hospitals are quite different from ____________ of the past.‎ ‎[解析]　用those指代上文中出现的复数名词hospitals，故填those。‎ ‎[答案]　those ‎15．(2018·内蒙古包头一模)In Zhangjiajie area, Huanglongdong and Longwangdong are caves known for many natural rock formations and ____________(they) underground cataracts(急流)．‎ ‎[解析]　根据后面的名词cataracts可知，这里用they的形容词性物主代词their。‎ ‎[答案]　their Ⅱ.语篇语法填空 ‎(2019·甘肃兰州第一中学期中考试)Believe it or not, have you ever noticed that you feel happier and more relaxed after you eat bread, pasta or fruit? Do you find that you are more energetic and awake after eating yogurt or beans? These things are not accidents. Food affect 1.______________ we feel more than we think. Scientists researching 2.______________ (it) effect on our moods are beginning to understand that we can influence our feelings with what we eat.‎ Although our moods relates 3.______________ having various foods, it is not quite as simple as choosing the foods for the right occasions. If that 4.______________ (be) the case, athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race.‎ Another chemical 5.____________ (connect) with our mood is caffeine, which 6.____________ (find) in coffee, chocolate and many types of tea, is perhaps 7.____________ worst thing you can have when you are feeling stressed.‎ Of course, 8.____________(enjoy) a nice meal with friends, whatever we eat, can also impact our spirits. Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing happiness.‎ Most 9.______________ (important), though, remember the following old rule: try to eat different food, 10.______________ not too ‎ much.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。我们所吃的食物会对我们的情绪有影响。因此，我们要尝试吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句。由“we feel more than we think”可知后面的宾语从句不缺成分。结合语境可以判断，应用疑问副词how引导该从句。‎ ‎[答案]　how ‎2．[解析]　考查代词。由名词effect可知，应该用形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎[答案]　its ‎3．[解析]　考查动词短语。relate to为固定搭配，意为“和……有关系”。故填to。‎ ‎[答案]　to ‎4．[解析]　考查虚拟语气。根据该句中的“athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race”可知该句为虚拟语气，表示现在情况的虚拟。与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句要用一般过去时，be动词要用were。故从句谓语动词用过去式were。‎ ‎[答案]　were ‎5．[解析]　考查过去分词。句意：另一种与我们的情绪联系在一起的化学物质是咖啡因，分析句子可知，本句的主语是chemical，而connect with our mood作它的定语，chemical和connect为动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。因此填connected。‎ ‎[答案]　connected ‎6．[解析]　考查动词时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为caffeine，它和find之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时。因此填is found。‎ ‎[答案]　is found ‎7．[解析]　考查定冠词。根据空后的形容词最高级worst ‎，形容词最高级前要用定冠词the，因此本空应用the。‎ ‎[答案]　the ‎8．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，本空是作主语的，因此可以用动词ing形式或不定式作主语，因此此处可填enjoying/to enjoy。‎ ‎[答案]　enjoying/to enjoy ‎9．[解析]　考查固定短语。most importantly为固定用法，意为“最重要的是”，在句中一般作状语。故用副词形式importantly。‎ ‎[答案]　importantly ‎10．[解析]　考查连词。根据语境可知，本句句意为“尝试吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多”。根据语境可知，表示转折的可用but/yet。‎ ‎[答案]　but/yet 专题强化训练(三)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 A ‎(2019·广西桂林第十八中学月考)Carry is a fellow student of mine. He suffers from cerebral palsy(大脑性麻痹), which makes it almost impossible for him to control his movements. As a result, he spends his life in a wheelchair and cannot write 1.______________ means of a pen or pencil. And he speaks so slowly and strangely 2.______________it takes patience to understand what he is saying. This, together with his thin, twisted body and awkward 3.______________ (face) expressions, can often cause people to treat him as if he were a backward child.‎ However, behind his physical 4.______________ (appear), Carry is a warm, funloving, intelligent person. His muscles 5.______________(affect), not his mind or personality. He enjoys the same thing any student does, 6.______________(listen) to music, meeting friends and so on, and he not is the best student in our class, but also has 7.____________ excellent sense of humour and a genuine ‎ interest in other people. Unable to express himself 8.____________(easy) in conversation, he uses a special typewriter to write letters to his friends, and beautiful 9.______________ (poem). He lives a very regular life, studying every day and never allowing 10.______________ (he) to fall behind in his schoolwork.‎ 语篇解读：本文属于记叙文。介绍Carry虽然身体残疾，但是却积极向上、乐于助人。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查介词。句意：因此，他一生都要在轮椅上度过，也不能用笔写字。本句为固定短语by means of“用……方法”，故用by。‎ ‎[答案]　by ‎2．[解析]　考查状语从句。句意：他说话很慢，很奇怪，因此需要耐心弄明白他的意思。本句为固定结构so... that“如此……以至于”，故用that。‎ ‎[答案]　that ‎3．[解析]　考查形容词。句意：连同他那瘦弱变形的躯干，以及可怕的面部表情。修饰名词expression用形容词，故用facial。‎ ‎[答案]　facial ‎4．[解析]　考查名词。句意：在身体外貌后面，他是一个温暖、搞笑又聪明的人。由于有形容词physical 修饰，故用名词appearance。‎ ‎[答案]　appearance ‎5．[解析]　考查被动语态。句意：他的肌肉受到影响，但是心灵和智力没有。分析句子可知，affect在句中作谓语，与其主语muscles为动宾关系，故用被动语态，因而用are affected。‎ ‎[答案]　are affected ‎6．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。句意：他喜欢做其他学生都喜欢做的事情，比如听音乐、跟朋友见面。分析句子可知，listen在句中作非谓语，与其逻辑主语为主动关系，故用动名词形式listening。‎ ‎[答案]　listening ‎7．[解析]　‎ 考查冠词。句意：他不仅是班上最优秀的学生，还有极好的幽默感，对其他人也很感兴趣。sense为可数名词，由于用excellent修饰，故用不定冠词an。‎ ‎[答案]　an ‎8．[解析]　考查副词。句意：不能很容易地用言语表达自己。分析句子可知，修饰express用副词，故用easily。‎ ‎[答案]　easily ‎9．[解析]　考查名词。句意：他用一台特别的打字机给朋友写信、写诗。根据文章可知，poem为可数名词，故用其复数名词poems。‎ ‎[答案]　poems ‎10．[解析]　考查反身代词。句意：他每天过的很规律，每天都在学习，从不允许自己在作业方面落后于别人。分析句子可知，本句主语he，他不允许自己落后，故用反身代词himself。‎ ‎[答案]　himself B ‎(2019·贵州遵义航天高级中学五模)The giant panda 1.______________(love) by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists 2.______________(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very 3.______________(care)mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 4.______________(eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural 5.______________(enemy) that would try to eat the little comforting pats. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.6.______________it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda 7.______________ more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed 8.______________(it) mother for food. However, it stayed with her and wandered about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother 9.______________(drive) the young panda away. It was time for her to ‎ have a new baby, 10.______________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.‎ 语篇解读：本文为记叙文。主要呈现科学家对一个野生熊猫妈妈精心养育孩子的观察研究过程。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查动词时态语态。句意：大熊猫被全世界的人们所喜爱。熊猫和喜爱是被动关系，这是事实，应使用一般现在时的被动。故填is loved。‎ ‎[答案]　is loved ‎2．[解析]　考查副词。句意：科学家最近有机会研究生下宝宝的野生大熊猫。此处修饰动词had，应使用副词形式。故填recently。‎ ‎[答案]　recently ‎3．[解析]　考查形容词。句意：这只大熊猫妈妈对幼崽是很关爱的。用形容词修饰mother，care有两个形容词caring“关爱的”、careful“小心的”。故填caring/careful。‎ ‎[答案]　caring/careful ‎4．[解析]　考查不定式。分析句子结构可知，找东西是为了吃，表示目的用不定式结构。故填to eat。‎ ‎[答案]　to eat ‎5．[解析]　考查名词复数。句意：熊猫妈妈舔幼崽去除幼崽身上的气味，任何气味都会招惹危险动物们来伤害幼崽。危险动物有很多，应使用复数形式。故填enemies。‎ ‎[答案]　enemies ‎6．[解析]　考查连词。句意：当幼崽哭了或者如果幼崽哭了，她前后摇晃着它，轻轻地拍了拍它，使它感到安慰。句首第一个字母大写。故填When/If。‎ ‎[答案]　When/If ‎7．[解析]　考查介词。句意：熊猫妈妈继续照看孩子超过两年。介词for加时间，表示一段时间。故填for。‎ ‎[答案]　for ‎8．[解析]　‎ 考查代词。句意：到那时，熊猫不再需要妈妈给它喂食了。此处指“它的妈妈”，应使用形容词性物主代词。故填its。‎ ‎[答案]　its ‎9．[解析]　考查动词时态。句意：两年半后，熊猫妈妈把熊猫宝宝赶走了。本文主要呈现科学家对熊猫妈妈的观察研究过程，应使用一般过去时。驱赶孩子离开，故填drove。‎ ‎[答案]　drove ‎10．[解析]　考查连词。分析句意和句子结构可知，小熊猫该生宝宝了和小熊猫该独立了，前后句意是并列顺承关系，应使用and。故填and。‎ ‎[答案]　and Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2019·河北保定高三上学期期末)Nowadays online voting is very popular in China and it has bad effects for people. Some people feel annoyed when ask to do what they don't like it. In general，online voting don't depend on the competitors' strength. But it usually lies in how much social networking resources we have，so it is unfair. Worse still，it might be commercial trick played by the organizer.‎ Therefore，it was very necessary that regulation should be worked out and strictly observed.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ Nowadays online voting is very popular in China it has bad effects people. Some people feel annoyed when to do what they don't like . In general，online voting depend on the competitors' strength. But it usually lies in how social networking resources have，so it is unfair. Worse still，it might be commercial trick played by the organizer.‎ Therefore，it very necessary that should be worked out and strictly observed.‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·衡水中学二调)“Tomorrow is another day” — this line has impressed various people at various times. It's now 70 years after it appeared in the film, but it still seems to hold its power especially during an economic downturn.‎ The phrase comes from a film adaptation of Margaret Mitchell's successful 1936 novel Gone With the Wind. It's set in the American South and tells the story of a strong heroine, Scarlett O' Hara, who struggles to find love during the Civil War and, afterwards, of her strength in surviving the war and its hardships.‎ Love story In a moment of despair, Scarlett finally realizes that her love belongs to Rhett Butler. For many audiences, it is the theme of love and struggle that has kept the movie alive. While the burning of Atlanta might seem irrelevant (不相关的) to today's viewers, the timeless theme of love keeps its ability to touch people.‎ With a promise to her lover still in her mind, Scarlett chooses to stay in the midst of war and take care of Melanie. But her heart is broken when Rhett just walks away, leaving the woman that he once loved with cruel words, “Frankly, dear, I don't give a damn.” ‎ Great epic (史诗)‎ The film shows the lovehate relationship of these characters, but also American history, the fall of the Confederacy and the following period of reconstruction in the South. The background made this film a true classic in the epic genre.‎ When the film opened after World War Ⅱ， French viewers loved it, and it reminded them of their fight against the Nazis. In 1940 Shanghai, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (侵略), people stood in line for hours to watch this film, and saw the same ‎ suffering they were having as well as the hope and possibility of building a new homeland from the ruins. Each nationality could identify with the story and see it as a victory. In fact, Gone With the Wind never lost its charm and ability to inspire and amaze.‎ Biggest of all time The film had five directors, 15plus screenwriters, and an unexpected $3.9 million budget. The film brought in $200 million, which makes it the biggest selling film of all times in North America. It also won 10 Academy awards in 1940.‎ 语篇解读：文章向大家阐明了“飘”这部电影的魅力所在。‎ ‎1．The underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refers to ________.‎ A．the novel Gone with the Wind B．“tomorrow is another day”‎ C．the movie Gone with the Wind D．the Academy Award ‎[解析]　代词指代题。根据上下文可知这里的it指代上文提及的Tomorrow is another day这句话。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎2．The text is written mainly to ________.‎ A．celebrate the anniversary of Margaret Mitchell B．introduce how the film was directed and filmed C．throw light on(阐述) the charm of the movie “Gone with the Wind”‎ D．inspire people to struggle the economic downturn ‎[解析]　推理判断题。通读文章可知文章是在阐明这部电影的魅力所在。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．It can be concluded that Scarlett O' Hara is ________.‎ A．optimistic and lucky B．childish and realistic C．caring and stubborn D．strongminded and persistent (坚毅的)‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据文章第四段With a promise to her lover still in her mind, Scarlett chooses to stay in the midst of war and take care of Melanie.可知她很坚强。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎4．The passage mentions Shanghai in order to ________.‎ A．prove that the background of the movie touched viewers B．describe how popular the movie was at that time C．point out that Shanghai was a center of entertainment D．tell us that Chinese were suffering the War then ‎[解析]　细节理解题。文章倒数第三段提到的几个例子正是为了证明电影的背景触动了很多观看者。‎ ‎[答案]　A Ⅳ.完形填空 ‎(2019·河南省实验中学期中考试)The snow was falling and the roads had become dangerous. The schools were dismissed early, but much to my surprise, my ____1____ wasn't canceled. So I went, feeling especially heroic. As far as I could see, I was risking my life to keep my ____2____. Snow or no snow, I would be on time for my scheduled donation at the local ____3____ center.‎ When I got there, I discovered I wasn't ____4____. Four more “herotypes” were already lying back in donor chairs with lines ____5____ to their veins, and machines quietly pumping away to ____6____ their lifesaving gifts.‎ Seeing my fellow donors honoring their own commitments, I realized why I was there. I lay back in my donor chair, ready to make a difference in the life of someone I would never ____7____.‎ To be honest, I'd never really thought about why I donate. I just do it. But a few months ago, during one of my ____8____ donations I learned that my blood was specifically for a cancer patient and for a newborn ‎ baby—both patients needed what I would give in order to live. I've viewed my visits to the blood center ____9____ ever since.‎ My wife Karen is a ____10____， too. And more importantly, she has been on the bone marrow(骨髄) list for fifteen years, ever since she signed up to provide bone marrow to a kindergartner with leukemia(白血病). That little girl died before Karen's bone marrow could help her, ____11____ Karen was called again recently. Her test results were still on file, and it turned out she was a potential ____12____ for someone else. The caller asked Karen if she would still be willing to become a bone marrow donor. “Yes，” she said and then immediately began answering questions on the pages of paperwork for further testing. It was a race ____13____ time.‎ I wish I could say that this ____14____ was won. It wasn't. The caller later thanked Karen for her participation and asked a few more questions—including whether or not she'd ____15____ on the donor list. “Of course，” Karen answered.‎ Last week Karen gave blood and next week I'll make my usual donation. I'll ____16____ an afternoon from my schedule and make an appointment. I don't know whose life my donation may ____17____. Most likely it will be a ____18____， but on any day the person needing a blood product could be you or me or maybe a loved one. It is worthwhile to ____19____ our time to donate.‎ I really do feel ____20____ every time I donate. And I like the feeling.‎ 语篇解读：本文通过作者志愿参加献血的活动告诉我们：你献出的每一份小小爱心，都可能有大影响。‎ ‎1．A.appointment B．class C．meeting D．flight ‎[解析]　考查名词。根据下文可知我要去参加献血活动。所以可知句意：下大雪了，但我的约会没取消。A.“约会”；B.“课，班级”；C.“会议”；D.“飞行”。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎2．A.secret B．balance C．shape D．word ‎[解析]　考查名词。因为下着大雪我还是去了，所以说我是冒着生命危险遵守诺言。固定短语keep one's word(遵守诺言)。A.“秘密”；B.“平衡”；C.“形状”；D.“话”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎3．A.service B．shopping C．blood D．care ‎[解析]　考查名词。因为要献血，所以到达的是血液中心。A.“服务”；B.“购物”；C.“血液”；D.“关心”。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎4．A.alone B．welcome C．late D．lucky ‎[解析]　考查形容词。句意：当我到达那里时，我发现我不是一个人，还有几个人也来献血了。A.“独自”；B.“欢迎的”；C.“迟的”；D.“幸运的”。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎5．A.exposed B．attached C．applied D．added ‎[解析]　考查动词。句意：另外四个英雄已经躺在捐赠者的椅子上，他们的血管上系着线。A.“揭露”；B.“附上”；C.“应用”；D.“加”。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎6．A.examine B．produce C．collect D．clean ‎[解析]　考查动词。句意：机器静静地抽走并且收集着他们的救命礼物——血液。A.“检查”；B.“生产”；C.“收集”；D.“清理”。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎7．A.meet B．forget C．miss D．recognize ‎[解析]　考查动词。我献血也许会帮助某个我以前从未谋面的人。A.“遇见”；B.“忘记”；C.“错过”；D.“认出”。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎8．A.regular B．unexpected C．special D．pleasant ‎[解析]　考查形容词。句意：几年前，在一次意外的献血中，我了解到我的血液是专门给那些癌症患者和新生儿使用的。A.“常规的”；B.“意外的”；C.“特殊的”；D.“高兴的”。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎9．A.wisely B．differently C．hesitantly D．carefully ‎[解析]　考查副词。句意：自从那时起，我就用不同的方式看待血液中心。A.“明智地”；B.“不同地”；C.“犹豫地”；D.“小心地”。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎10．A.receiver B．doctor C．patient D．donor ‎[解析]　考查名词。根据下文说她是在捐赠骨髓的名单上，可知句意：我的妻子一直都是一个捐赠者。A.“接受者”；B.“医生”；C.“病人”；D.“捐赠者”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎11．A.or B．but C．and D．for ‎[解析]　考查连词。句意：那个小女孩在凯伦的骨髓可以帮助她之前就死了，但凯伦最近又被叫到了。因为她的骨髓还能帮到其他人。A.“或者”；B.“但是”；C.“和”；D.“因为”。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎12．A.risk B．customer C．match D．partner ‎[解析]　考查名词。句意：她的测试结果还在档案里，并且结果证明她仍然是一个潜在的匹配者。A.“风险”；B.“顾客”；C.“匹配者，比赛”；D.“搭档”。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎13．A.beyond B．with C．against D．of ‎[解析]　考查介词。句意：这就是与时间赛跑。固定短语：a race against time(与时间赛跑)，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎14．A.honor B．test C．prize D．race ‎[解析]　考查名词。句意：我希望我可以说我们赢得了这场比赛。A.“尊敬”；B.“测试”；C.“奖赏”；D.“比赛”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎15．A.rank B．sign C．appear D．remain ‎[解析]　考查动词。打电话的人问凯伦是否她还在那个捐赠者的名单上。也就是是否她还愿意捐赠。A.“排名”；B.“签名”；C.“出现”；D.“仍然是”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎16．A.clear B．separate C．lose D．remove ‎[解析]　考查动词。此处是指我要在百忙之中找出一个下午去做这件事。A.“清理，找出”；B.“分开”；C.“失去”；D.“移除”。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎17．A.touch B．affect C．create D．enrich ‎[解析]　考查动词。句意：我并不知道我的捐赠可能会影响谁的生活。A.“触摸”；B.“影响”；C.“创造”；D.“丰富”。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎18．A.child B．stranger C．hero D．friend ‎[解析]　考查名词。句意：很可能那是陌生人，但有一天，需要血液制品的人可能就是你，或者我，或者可能就是你所爱的人。A.“孩子”；B.“陌生人”；C.“英雄”；D.“朋友”。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎19．A.spend B．save C．kill D．take ‎[解析]　考查动词。句意：花费我们的时间在捐赠上还是很值得。A.“花费”；B.“拯救”；C.“杀死”；D.“花费”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎20．A.empty B．grateful C．proud D．nervous ‎[解析]　考查形容词。句意：每次捐赠时，我真的感觉很骄傲，我喜欢这种感觉。A.“空的”；B.“感激的”；C.“骄傲的”；D.“紧张的”。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C