2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”单元学案（39页含有详细解析）

2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”单元学案（39页含有详细解析）

‎2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit 5Canada — “The True North ”单元学案 单元话题写作　　第三层级——背范文、学润色，让作文洋气十足 ‎(2013·重庆高考)调查显示，中国长江江豚 (finless porpoise) 受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足1 000只。假设你是李华，现请用英文给WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封信，请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。内容应包括：‎ ‎●说明写信目的 ‎●简述江豚现状 ‎●希望WWF如何帮助(比如：资助江豚保护项目等)‎ ‎●表示感谢并期待回复 注意：(1)词数不少于80；(2)书信格式及开头均已给出(不计入总词数)。‎ Dear Sir or Madam，‎ I'm a student from Chongqing, China.Today I am writing to you to ask for your help to improve the situation the finless porpoise is faced with in the Changjiang River (定语从句)．‎ Because of the behavior of our human beings (介词短语作原因状语), the finless porpoise in the Changjiang River has been greatly influenced and will be endangered.According to research, its total number is less than 1,000 now.In order to prevent them from dying out (不定式短语作目的状语), we have founded a project, but we have difficulty in running it for lack of fund (介词短语作原因状语)．If you would like to help, you can provide it with necessary money.Besides, you can give us relevant training in protecting them.With your help, we believe we can improve the living environment of the finless porpoise soon, thus increasing its number (现在分词短语作结果状语)．‎ If we can get your help, we will be very thankful.We're looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua Dear Sir or Madam，‎ I'm a student from Chongqing, China.I am writing here to ask for you attention to those miserable finless porpoise in the Changjiang River.With science and technology moving forward, we human beings benefit a lot, which_is_accompanied_by_some_terrible_effect_on_environment (伴随着某些对环境可怕的影响。使用非限制性定语从句)．As is reported, the finless porpoise in the Changjiang River, whose_number_has_been_‎ reduced_to_less_than_1,000 (其数量已减少到不足1 000只。使用whose引导的非限制性定语从句), has become endangered due to human activities.There_is_no_doubt_that_if_we_don't_take_immediate_action,_they_will_die_out_very_soon (毫无疑问，如果我们不立即采取行动，他们很快就会消亡。使用同位语从句)．Therefore, I sincerely hope that WWF will give a hand to those poor animals.For example, you can found some finless porpoise protection projects, which can really make a difference.I firmly believe it_is_your_help_that_will_get_those_poor_‎ animals_out_of_trouble (正是你的帮助才会使那些可怜的动物摆脱困境。使用强调句式)．Last but not least, thanks for your attention and look forward to your reply. ‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua 单元知识课前热身 ‎(Ⅰ)单词拼写 ‎1．They said goodbye to him as he got aboard (上火车) the train at Union Station.‎ ‎2．We are staying at a fine hotel which is situated two miles north of downtown (市中心区)．‎ ‎3．Special measures (措施) are being taken to protect the local water supplies.‎ ‎4．At dawn the ship slowly turned westward (向西), away from the coast.‎ ‎5．After taking some photos, they stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery (风景)．‎ ‎6．According to the tradition (传统) of this area, the bride’s family organizes the wedding ceremony.‎ ‎7．Columbus discovered America but he did not explore the new continent (大陆)．‎ ‎8．Hello, my name is Susan and I am calling to confirm (证实) my reservation.‎ ‎(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Hearing the news, she felt a strange mixture (mix) of excitement and fear.‎ ‎2．Earthquakes are among the most powerful disasters on earth, and their results can be terrifying (terrify)．‎ ‎3．He looked very pleased (please) with himself, so I knew he had passed his driving test.‎ ‎4．It became fashionable for wealthy (wealth) families to send their grown children to foreign countries.‎ ‎5．This city has a small population, only slightly (slight) over three hundred thousand.‎ ‎(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1．Surrounded by the forest, the village has beautiful surroundings,_which attract many visitors from surrounding areas.(surround)‎ ‎2．When asked about his impression of Beijing, he said that he was deeply impressed by its unique human landscape, and that the Palace Museum was the most impressive architecture he’d ever seen.(impress)‎ ‎3．Though there is a long distance between Tom and his family, they don’t feel distant.(distance)‎ ‎(Ⅰ)写出下列短语 ‎1．rather_than　　　　　　　　 与其；不愿 ‎2．be_surrounded_by/with 被……包围 ‎3．settle_down 定居；平静下来；专心于 ‎4．manage_to_do 设法做 ‎5．catch_sight_of 看见；瞥见 ‎6．have_a_gift_for 有……天赋 ‎7．in_the_distance 在远处 ‎8．as_far_as 远到；直到；至于 ‎9．at_dawn 在黎明；在拂晓 ‎10．be_impressed_with_... 给……留下深刻印象 ‎(Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．The driver didn’t catch_sight_of another car in time, so the accident happened.‎ ‎2．The Greens have an eightyearold girl who has_a_gift_for painting.‎ ‎3．The family went to the United States of America and settled_down there about twenty years ago.‎ ‎4．The audience all over the world were_impressed_with the opening ceremony of the 30th Olympic Games.‎ ‎5．Make sure you manage_to finish this work before the end of the month.‎ ‎6．Frankly, rather_than take a bus home, I prefer to walk every day.‎ ‎7．You can’t imagine how excited I was when I saw the ancient tower in_the_distance.‎ ‎8．We have made up our mind to set off for our trip at_dawn.‎ ‎1．Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.‎ 她们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。‎ ‎[解读]　rather than “与其；不愿”，连接并列成分。‎ ‎[仿写]　如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉手机或切断网络。(2010·安徽高考书面表达)‎ If I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather_than_switch_off my cell phone or cut off the Internet.‎ ‎2．It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.‎ 那儿湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些树高达90多米。‎ ‎[解读]　some measuring ...为独立主格结构。‎ ‎[仿写]　他躺在那儿，牙关紧咬，而且他发怒的眼睛直盯着前方。‎ He lay on his back, his teeth set and his glaring eyes looking_straight_upward.‎ ‎3．It’s too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa, Canada’s capital.‎ 很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。‎ ‎[解读]　as far as “远到；远至；就……而言”。‎ ‎[仿写]　就我看来，只有一种可能的方法可以远离危险。‎ As_far_as_I_can_see,_there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.‎ 单元分板块热身 一、常考词汇细点拨 ‎1．surround vt.& vi.包围；围绕 ‎[教材原句]　People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.‎ 人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。‎ ‎(1)surround sb./sth./ with sb./sth. 使某人/物包围某人/物 be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围 ‎(2)surrounding adj. 周围的 ‎(3)surroundings n. 环境 ‎①I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself with creative people.‎ 我逐渐意识到成功的关键在于我应该尽量结交有创造性的人。‎ ‎②As a child I was_surrounded_by love and kindness.‎ 幼年时我备受关爱。‎ ‎③I’d like to bring up my child in healthy surroundings.‎ 我想在健康的环境中养育我的孩子。‎ ‎2．measure vt.& vi.测量；衡量；判定n.计量制；计量单位；措施；尺寸 ‎[高考佳句]　Each of his ears measured approximately 11.5 inches long.(2012·浙江高考阅读B)‎ 他的每只耳朵长约11.5英寸。‎ ‎(1)measure ... by ...　　　　　 用……来衡量……‎ be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算 ‎(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth.‎ ‎ 采取措施做某事 make sth. to sb.’s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物 ‎①Education shouldn’t be measured only by examination ‎ results.‎ 教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量。‎ ‎②They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.(2013·天津高考阅读B)‎ 他们号召人们和政府采取措施与它(光污染)作斗争。‎ ‎③In the old days, my mother always made_new_clothes_to_my_own_measure with the Spring Festival coming.‎ 过去，妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身做新衣服。‎ ‎[名师指津]　measure意为“有……长(宽、高、重)”时为不及物动词，常用主动形式。‎ ‎④We measured the bridge and it measures 200 metres long! ‎ 我们量了量这座桥，它(量起来)有200米长！ ‎ ‎3．distance n．距离；远方；遥远；疏远v.不介入；与……疏远 ‎ ‎[高考佳句]　Take your time — it’s just a short distance from here to the restaurant.(2011·山东高考单项填空)‎ 别急——从这儿到餐馆只不过有短短的距离而已。‎ ‎(1)in the distance　　　　　 在远处；在远方 at/from a distance 从远处；离一段距离 at a distance of ... 在……的距离 within walking distance 步行即可到达的地方 keep sb. at a distance 对……冷淡；与……疏远 ‎(2) distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的 ‎①I could see the bus coming in the distance.‎ 我能看见公共汽车正从远处开来。‎ ‎②Is it within walking distance or do I need to take a bus？(四川高考书面表达)‎ 它在步行就可以到达的地方还是需要我乘坐公交车去？‎ ‎③The picture looks better at a distance.‎ 这幅画远点看更佳。‎ ‎④It was difficult to get to know her because she always kept_everyone_at_a_distance.‎ 很难搞懂她，因为她总是与每个人保持一定距离。‎ ‎4．impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记；铭刻；给……留下极深的印象 ‎[高考佳句]　Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed.(2012·天津高考阅读表达)‎ 即使如此，她的勇气和对成功的强烈渴望令人印象深刻。‎ 使某人牢记某事 ‎　be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻 ‎　be impressed on one’s mind/memory 被印在脑海里 ‎(2)impression n．　　　　　 印象；感想 leave/make a(n) ...impression on sb.‎ ‎ 给某人留下……的印象 ‎(3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；感人的 ‎①My father impressed on me the value of hard work.‎ ‎＝ My father impressed me with the value of hard work.‎ 我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。‎ ‎②The audience were_deeply_impressed_by the actors’ wonderful performance.‎ 观众对演员们的精彩表演印象深刻。‎ ‎③The new teacher made/left_a_good_impression_on the students by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.‎ 那位新老师以丰富的知识和幽默的语言给同学们留下了很好的印象。‎ 二、间考词汇自识记 ‎1．confirm vt.证实；证明(尤指提供证据来证明)；批准 confirm one’s belief　　　　　　　　 坚定信念 It has been confirmed that ... 已经确定……‎ The recent airplane crash confirms my belief that stronger safety regulations are needed.‎ 最近的空难坚定了我的信念，那就是更需要安全规则。‎ ‎2．tradition n．传统；风俗 It is a tradition for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是一种传统 During the MidAutumn Festival, it is a tradition for Chinese to sit together and eat mooncakes and fruits, enjoying the full moon together.‎ 中秋节，中国人坐在一起吃月饼、水果和赏月是一种传统。‎ ‎—————————————————————————‎ ‎……………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)‎ 请根据提示写出与“聪明”相关的高频单词 ‎1．talent n．　　　　　　 才能；天赋 ‎2．wisdom n. 智慧 ‎3．brilliant adj. 卓越的 ‎4．foolish adj. 愚蠢的 ‎5._gifted adj. 有天赋的 ‎6．intelligent adj. 聪明的 ‎ ‎7．smart adj. 机敏的 ‎—————————————————————————‎ ‎[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·鄂州质检)The oceans and seas ________ the islands are deep blue and many cities lie on the bay.‎ A．surrounding B．protecting C including D．defending 解析：选A　句意：小岛旁边的海洋和大海是深蓝色的，许多城市都在港湾边上。surround“环绕；围绕”，符合句意。‎ ‎2．The team is hoping to ________ last year’s success but, of course, it depends on what kind of weather they’ll get.‎ A．confirm B．equal C．continue D．guarantee 解析：选B　考查动词辨析。句意：这个队希望现在的成绩能比得上去年的，但是，当然这要依靠于他们会遇到什么样的天气。confirm“确定；证实”；equal“等于；比得上”；continue“继续”；guarantee“保证；担保”。‎ ‎3．The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a ________ of 60 miles.‎ A．length B．distance C．way D．spare 解析：选B　句意：从60英里远的地方可以看见拉什莫尔山上的四位著名的美国总统的面孔。a distance of表示“长达……的距离”，故选B。‎ ‎4．(2014·黄冈调研)The middleaged man said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to ________ his acceptance in writing.‎ A．confirm B．convey C．convince D．consider 解析：选A　句意：这位中年男子说他愿意接受这份工作，于是我们就让他签字确认了。 confirm“确定；批准；证实”；convey“传达；表达；运输”；convince“使确信；使信服”；consider“考虑；认为”。‎ Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！)‎ ‎1．measure面面观 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①The government must take measures to_prevent_further_pollution of environment.(prevent)‎ 政府一定要及时采取措施防止环境进一步被污染。‎ ‎②The new bridge under construction, measuring_twice_as_long_as the old one, is due to be completed next month.(measure)‎ 量起来是旧桥两倍长且正在修建的新桥下月将竣工。‎ ‎(2)(2014·襄阳模拟)Most people, at some point in life, come to realize that success is not ________ by fame or fortune but by inner peace and souldeep satisfaction.‎ A．determined B．measured C．considered D．intended 解析：选B　考查动词辨析。语境：成功不是由名誉和财富来衡量的而是由内心的平和和灵魂深处的满足来衡量的。measure“衡量”，由语境并结合选项可知选B。‎ ‎2．impress多棱镜 ‎(1)介词填空 ‎①My teacher impressed the importance of reading on me.‎ ‎②My teacher impressed me with the importance of reading.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 ‎①There is no need to buy the most expensive clothes to_make_a_good_impression.‎ ‎(impression)‎ 没有必要买最贵的衣服来留下好印象。‎ ‎②Not_impressed_with the quality of your goods, I will certainly not advise others to buy them.(impress)‎ 对你们产品的质量印象不佳，我当然不会建议其他人购买。‎ ‎(3)(2014·湖北八校联考)Miss Green often said “God helps those who help themselves”， intending to ________ on us the significance of being independent.‎ A．base B．impress C．focus D．rely 解析：选B　考查动词辨析。句意：格林小姐常说，“自助者天助之”，她用这句话来告诉我们独立的重要性。这里用impress sth. on sb.表示“使意识到(重要性或严重性等)”。base A on B“把A建立在B的基础上”；focus on“集中(注意力、精力等)于……”；rely on“依靠”。‎ ‎1．settle down定居；平静下来；专心于 ‎[教材原句]　That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.‎ 那天下午表姐妹俩才登上火车坐在座位上。‎ ‎(1)settle down to (doing) sth. 开始注意某事物 settle on/upon　　　 决定；同意(某事)‎ settle in/into 适应(新的家、工作、环境等)‎ ‎(2)settlement n. 解决；处理；决定；和解；殖民地 reach/arrive at a settlement　 达成协议 ‎①When are you going to get married and settle down?‎ 你打算什么时候成家，安定下来？‎ ‎②They settled down to a serious discussion over coffee.‎ 他们喝着咖啡，开始认真讨论问题。‎ ‎③It took her a while to_settle_into her new job.‎ 她过了一段时间才适应了新工作。‎ ‎2．manage to do something设法做某事 ‎[高考佳句]　However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough.(2012·湖南高考阅读B)‎ 然而，似乎拜伦的确设法很愉快地度过了那段时光。‎ manage sb.　　　　　　　　 设法对付某人 manage sth. 经营/管理……‎ manage it 能做到 ‎①In 28 years of travelling, he had managed to share the glory of China with many different countries.‎ 在长达28年的旅行中，他成功地与其他国家的人们分享了中国的辉煌。‎ ‎②He took great pains to manage the factory well.‎ 为了管理好工厂，他可真是煞费苦心。‎ ‎③Thank you all the same.I can manage_it myself.‎ 我还是要谢谢你。我自己能行。‎ ‎[辨析比较]　manage to do sth., try to do sth.‎ 试一试　选择上述短语填空 ‎④I’ll try to get downtown this afternoon, but I don’t know if I can make it.‎ ‎⑤Though we left home very late, we managed to catch the last bus.‎ 辨一辨 manage to do sth.‎ 表示“成功地做了某事”，重在结果，相当于succeed in doing sth.‎ try to do sth.‎ 表示“尽力做某事”，重在动作，不一定成功 ‎[短语对点集训]　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．You seem to have_a_gift_for seeing into people’s minds and none of my thoughts can escape from you.‎ ‎2．I sorted out my mail, then settled_down_to some serious work.‎ ‎3．The moment he caught_sight_of the police, the thief ran away as fast as he could.‎ ‎4．Besides, as_far_as he was concerned, what other people thought was not the most important thing.‎ ‎5．It’s a pity that we could just see some mountains in_the_distance.‎ ‎6．—How did you manage_to get the information we need?‎ ‎—With the help of my friends.‎ Ⅱ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·湖北八校联考)Take the whole into consideration, but do the job bit by bit; keep the general goal ________ and take the daily tasks in hand.‎ A．in store　 B．in place C．in order D．in sight 解析：选D　考查介词短语辨析。第一句句意为：大处着眼，小处入手。该句中“；”表示前后句并列，推断出第二句前半句句意为“将总体目标纳于视线内”。in sight“看得见；在视野内”，符合语境，故D项正确。in store“贮藏着”；in place“适当的”；in order“按次序”。‎ ‎2．(2014·黄石二中调考)It’s a headache trying to ________ in a strange, new town.I will just take a taxi and avoid all the trouble.‎ A．settle down B．work out C．get around　 D．hold out 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：想要在一个陌生的小镇各处走动是件令人头痛的事。为了避免麻烦，我会乘坐出租车。get around“各处走动”，符合句意。settle down“定居下来；开始专心于”；work out“解决；算出”；hold out“维持；坚守”。‎ ‎3．He heard someone following him, and glanced round.He ________ a dark figure in the shadows.‎ A．lost sight of B．caught sight of C．watched out for D．looked for 解析：选B　句意：他听到有人在跟踪他，便向周围扫了一眼，发现阴暗处有一个黑影。catch sight of“看见；瞥见”，符合句意。lose sight of“看不见”；watch out for“注意；提防”；look for“寻找”。‎ ‎1．Rather_than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.‎ 她们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。‎ rather than “而不是……”，连接平行结构。‎ ‎①Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing.(2013·湖南高考阅读B) ‎ 乘车穿行在大山中，我并没有感到快乐，却觉得很压抑。‎ 宁愿……而不愿……‎ ‎(2)other than 不同于；除了 or rather 更确切地说 more than 多于；不仅仅；非常 ‎②I always prefer to start early rather_than_leave everything to the last minute.‎ 我总是愿意早开始，而不愿意把所有的事情都留到最后才做。‎ ‎③There was nothing we could do other_than wait.‎ 除了等待以外，我们没有其他办法。‎ ‎[名师指津]　(1)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。‎ ‎④They said the director, rather than the clerks, was responsible for the incident.‎ 他们说不是职员，而是主管要为这次事件负责。‎ ‎(2)would rather＋从句，从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；过去完成时表示过去的愿望。‎ ‎⑤—Do you mind if I smoke?‎ ‎—Well, I’d rather you didn’t.‎ ‎——你介意我抽烟吗？‎ ‎——嗯，最好别抽烟。‎ ‎2．It’s too bad you can’t go as_far_as Ottawa, Canada’s capital.‎ 很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。‎ as far as远至……；就……而言；尽……所能 ‎①His parents supported him as far as they could.‎ 他父母竭尽全力支持他。‎ as/so far as sb./sth.is concerned　 就某人/物而言 as far as the eye can see/reach 就视力所能及 so/as far as I can see 依我看 as far as I know 就我所知 ‎②As_far_as_I_know,_it is convenient to do shopping in that small town.‎ 就我所知，在那个小镇上购物很方便。‎ ‎③As far as I’m concerned, not only does outdoor exercise get us close to nature but also give relaxation from heavy schoolwork.(2013·江西高考书面表达)‎ 就我个人而言，户外运动不仅能使我们接近大自然，而且能让我们从沉重的学习任务中摆脱出来得以休闲。‎ ‎[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·孝感调研)George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he_focused_more_on its culture.(focus)‎ 乔治将要谈论关于他的国家的地理情况，但是我宁愿他更集中地谈论它的文化方面的情况。‎ ‎2．(2014·武汉部分中学联考)Jenny has been criticized for using the cellphone in class.I would rather you hadn't_lent_it_to her.(lend)‎ 珍妮因为在课堂上使用手机而受到批评。你真不该将它借给她的。‎ ‎3．In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled_as_far_as_the local market.(as)‎ 在古代，人们很少进行长距离旅行，大多数农民到的最远的地方就是当地市场。‎ ‎4．(2014·华师一附中期中)The experience of the Chinese nation proves a truth that_what_a_nation_loses/has_lost in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress.(lose)‎ 中华民族的经验证明：一个民族在灾难中失去的，必将从民族进步中得到补偿。 ‎ ‎5．Rather_than_go_to_the_busy_city for vacation, we followed his advice to go to the countryside to relax.(rather)‎ 我们听了他的建议去乡下放松，而不是去那个喧闹的城市。‎ 同位语从句 完成句子 ‎1．We haven't yet settle the question where_we_are_going_to_spend our summer vacation.‎ ‎(spend)‎ 我们还没解决到什么地方去度暑假的问题。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北八校联考)Having failed many times, he raised a doubt whether_efforts_‎ would_pay_off.(pay)‎ 失败了很多次，他提出疑问，是否努力就会有回报。‎ ‎3．(2014·襄阳市部分学校联考)I was about to give up when_an_idea_occurred_to_me that I could work with my roommate Tim.(occur)‎ 正打算放弃时，我突然想到我可以和我的室友Tim一块干。‎ ‎4．Eventually they all accepted the proposal that the meeting (should)_be_put_off.(put)‎ 最终他们所有的人接受了将会议延期的建议。‎ ‎5．We feel sorry about the news that_he_failed in the game yesterday afternoon.(fail)‎ 听到他输掉了昨天下午的比赛这一消息，我们感到难过。‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·钟祥一中月考)Measures are being ________ to make sure that people in and around the city have plenty of clean drinking water.‎ A．done　　　　　　　　　　 B．carried C．taken D．provided 解析：选C　考查短语搭配。take measures“采取措施”，根据语境应该使用被动语态。‎ ‎2．(2014·武汉部分学校联考)To ________ the accuracy of this story, the reporter interviewed several families who experienced the incident five years ago.‎ A．confirm B．impress C．observe D．submit 解析：选A　考查动词辨析。句意：为了证明这个故事的准确性，这名记者采访了一些在五年前经历了那次事件的家庭。confirm“证实；证明”；impress“使印象深刻；使铭记”；observe“观察；遵守”；submit“提交；呈送”。‎ ‎3．He stood up and ________ a smile to cover up his disappointment — they were as poor as a church mice.‎ A．hid B．managed C．refused D．brought 解析：选B　考查动词辨析。句意：他站起来，勉强地露出微笑来掩盖他的失望——他们一贫如洗。hide“隐藏”；manage“勉力完成”；refuse“拒绝”；bring“带来”。根据句意可知B项正确。‎ ‎4．(2014·荆州调研)At the meeting, all the people were deeply ________ with her brilliant report which requires a long head.‎ A．impressed B．surprised C．excited D．comforted 解析：选A　句意：会议上，所有人都对他精彩的报告留下了深刻的印象，此报告需要有先见之明。impress sb.with .../sb.be impressed with ...“以……给某人留下深刻印象”。其他三项均不与with搭配。‎ ‎5．There’s a ________in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.‎ A．tradition B．balance C．concern D．relationship 解析：选A　考查名词辨析。句意：在我们办公室有一个传统：有人过生日的时候，他们就会带来一个蛋糕与大家分享。tradition“惯例；传统”，符合题意。‎ ‎6．(2014·襄阳二调)The questionnaire takes ________ ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview.‎ A．mainly B．punctually C．approximately D．precisely 解析：选C　句意：问卷调查花大约10到15分钟可完成，且可以和评估面试表一起使用。mainly“主要地；大概”；punctually“按时地；如期地”；approximately“大概”；precisely“精确地；准确地”。由语境中的信息ten to fifteen minutes ...可以得知，这里应该是“大约”的意思。‎ ‎7．(2014·黄冈调研)It’s difficult to tell this picture from that one, the differences between the pictures being very ________.‎ A．broad B．narrow C．slight D．impressive 解析：选C　根据句意“很难区分两幅画”，所以说这两幅画的差别很小。slight “轻微的；微小的”，故选C项。‎ ‎8．(2014·黄石高三模拟)As ________ as the sky is your mind.As deep as the sea is your kindness.My dear teacher, please accept my sincere blessing.‎ A．aboard B．abroad C．broad D．board 解析：选C　句意：像天空一样高远的是您的胸怀，像大海一样深重的是您的恩情。亲爱的老师，请接受我诚挚的祝福。broad“宽阔的；广泛的”，此处形容老师胸怀之高远。aboard“在船(飞机、车)上；上船(飞机、车)”；abroad“在国外”；board“木板；甲板”。‎ ‎9．I haven’t finished the report because it is so noisy in the office that I can’t ________ to write anything.‎ A．settle down B．put down C．sit down D．lie down 解析：选A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我没有写完报告，因为办公室里太吵了以至于我都静不下心来写东西。settle down“平静下来；专心于”，符合句意。‎ ‎10．Chengdu has focused on improving the surrounding countryside, ________ encouraging largescale city expansion.‎ A．due to B．rather than C．except for D．other than 解析：选B　考查介词短语辨析。句意：成都已经集中于改善周边的乡村，而不是鼓励大规模的城市扩张。根据句意可知应选rather than“而不是”。due to“由于；因为”；except for“除……以外”；other than“除了”。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·武汉调研)News came from the school office that_he_had_been_admitted_to Beijing University.(admit)‎ 从校办传来消息说他已经被北京大学录取了。‎ ‎2．(2014·黄冈调研)Is_there_any_possibility_that the little girl can be the champion in the 2016 Rio Olympics？(there)‎ 那个小女孩有可能成为2016年里约奥运会的冠军吗？‎ ‎3．(2014·荆州调研)Having_a_gift_for_making_money_is what many people dream about.(gift)‎ 拥有赚钱的天赋是很多人梦寐以求的事情。‎ ‎4．(2014·武汉部分学校联考)Scientists have found evidence_that_global_warming_caused the world's first horses to become smaller nearly 50 million years ago.(cause)‎ 科学家们已经找到证据，证明大约5 000万年前，全球变暖使世界上首批马的个头变小了。‎ ‎5．(2014·湖北部分重点中学联考)First impressions are the most lasting.After all, you never get a second chance to_make_a_first_impression.(impression)‎ 第一印象是持续时间最长的。毕竟，你永远不会再有一次机会去获得一个第一印象。‎ ‎6．(2014·湖北省八校联考)Not_until_she_confirmed the divorce contract again did he realize that they couldn't go back.(confirm)‎ 直到她再次确认了离婚协议他才意识到他们再也回不去了。‎ ‎7．As_far_as_I_can_remember,_he was the mayor of Chicago and was respected by people for what he had done.(as)‎ 就我所能记得的，他当时是芝加哥的市长并且因他所做的为人们所尊敬。‎ ‎8．If we hadn't_taken_effective_measures,_we would have lost all our tropical forests by 2010.(measure)‎ 如果我们没采取有效的措施，我们在2010年就失去了我们所有的热带雨林。‎ ‎9．However_serious_his_injury_was,_we know he was eager to participate in the Olympic games.(however)‎ 无论他的伤有多严重，我们知道他总是渴望参加奥运会的。‎ ‎10．Surrounded_by_some_big_trees,_which were planted by my grandpa, the house is cool during summer.(surround)‎ 这座房子被一些我爷爷种植的大树所围绕，它在夏天很凉爽。‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 A ‎(2014·湖北七市州联考)There are many older people in the world and there will be many more. A littleknown fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, by 2020 there will be 1 billion, with over 700 million living in developing countries.‎ It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries. For example, it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent. It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase.‎ ‎ What are the implications of these increased numbers of older folk? One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability. Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible, including during old age, to lessen the financial burden on the state.‎ Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society. In some African countries, certainly in Asia, older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge. Yet traditions are fading away daily, which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people. As society changes, attitudes will change.‎ Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination (歧视) in employment. Lifelong learning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active members in a country’s development.‎ Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people. Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable safety net.‎ To achieve equality in such matters will take considerable time and effort. One thing is sure: there is no time to be lost.‎ 语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。老年人口的比例在发展中国家猛增，这无疑会带来很多问题，尽管这一问题很棘手，但解决这一问题势在必行、刻不容缓。‎ ‎1．The proportion of older people ________.‎ A．is bigger in developed countries than in developing countries B．is oneseventh of the population in developing countries C．will increase much faster in China than in France D．will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知，在法国，115年里老年人口的比例从7%增长到了14%，而在中国仅仅用了27年的时间就达到了这个增长幅度。因此可推知，将来中国老龄人口比例的增长速度要比法国快得多。故答案选C。‎ ‎2．According to the passage, which of the following are governments most worried about?‎ A．The diseases and disability of older people.‎ B．The longer life and good health of people.‎ C．The loss of taxes on older people.‎ D．The increasing respect for older people.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability.”可知，政府担心，人们活的寿命越长，人们的健康压力会越大。答案选A。‎ ‎3．It is stated directly in the passage that older people should ________.‎ A．be treated differently in different cultures B．enjoy a similar lifestyle C．be ignored as society changes D．be valued by the younger generations 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations ... society.”可知，年轻人应该理解和尊重老年人，D项为文章中直接陈述的观点。故答案选D。‎ ‎4．Which of the following measures is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem?‎ A．Getting rid of age discrimination in employment.‎ B．Ensuring adequate income protection for older people.‎ C．Providing free health care for sick older people.‎ D．Supplying lifelong learning programs to older people.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知，A项表述正确；根据倒数第二段第一句可知，B项表述正确；根据倒数第三段第二句可知，D项表述正确。故答案选C。‎ B ‎(2014·黄冈质检)What’s the meaning of passing the university entrance exam? In today’s modern and competitive China, it’s still a gateway to a better, more promising life. But it may also mean the chance — even a slight one — to get closer to the girl of your dreams.‎ That’s what Young Style, a charming and beautifully shot movie about first love in high school, is all about. The 16yearold Ju Ran (Dong Zijian) fails the vital exam after being rejected by Huang Jingjing, 18, for whom he’s been in love for three years. Ju retakes the entire fourth year of high school, with the same class head teacher Sa (Qin Hailu) and a group of return students. His only goal is to get into the same institution, the famous Fudan University, as Huang.‎ What’s new about Young Style is not only its accessible approach, but also the great confidence Liu shows in handling the material. Naughty students, concerned parents, strict teachers and firstlove pains, that’s almost all we’ve seen in other highschool movies. But under Liu’s direction, the movie plays out with so much assurance that it maintains a consistent feel without losing its focus on the lead character Ju.‎ On the acting side, there isn’t a weak link in the process of choosing actors. While the young actors and actresses appear fresh and natural, the alwaysreliable Qin binds (捆绑) the movie together with her acting of a teacher with two opposite sides. On the one hand, she wants her naughty students to realize how important the exam is to their future. On the other hand, she avoids being a traditional figure of authority. Between all the classroom tricks and playing around, the emotional tendency is provided by the audience’s desire for Ju to wake up, forget about Huang and realize there’s something more important in his life.‎ It’s true that in a society that’s filled with profit and success, often times we’re told to focus on studying and building up a career. But the movie’s slightly romantic touch certainly provides some comforting things that many of us need.‎ 语篇解读：在每段青春的记忆中，都有一个身陷暗恋默默付出的女孩儿，几个重情义的哥们，一群默契十足的损友。这就是《青春派》——生命旅程中那段永不褪色的岁月。‎ ‎5．Which one is TRUE about the movie Young Style?‎ A．Huang Jingjing rejects Ju Ran after the vital exam. ‎ B．It tells us something about first love in high school.‎ C．Ju Ran loses his heart for Huang Jingjing.‎ D．Ju Ran doesn’t want to be admitted into Fudan University.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由文中第二段“That’s what Young Style, a charming and beautifully shot movie about first love in high school, is all about.”可知B正确。‎ ‎6．Which of the following cannot be seen in other highschool movies?‎ A．Naughty students. B．Concerned parents. ‎ C．Firstlove joys. D．Strict teachers.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由文中第三段“Naughty students, concerned parents, strict teachers and firstlove pains, that’s almost all we’ve seen in other highschool movies.”可知A、B、D三项都是可以看出的，故选C。‎ ‎7．From the last but one paragraph, we can conclude that ________.‎ A．it is not an easy job for the alwaysreliable Qin B．Qin controls the students too strict C．Ju does not play any classroom tricks D．Ju doesn’t realize there’s something more important than Huang 解析：选A　推理判断题。从倒数第二段第二句“the alwaysreliable Qin binds (捆绑) the movie together with her acting of a teacher with two opposite sides.”可知秦老师的工作并不容易。‎ ‎8．What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A．Our society is filled with profit and success.‎ B．We should sometimes put profit and success aside.‎ C．We’re always told to focus on studying and building up a career.‎ D．The movie’s slightly romantic touch is of no use for us.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。A项是文中所描述的事实； C项文中用的是“often times”而不是always；由文中最后一句“But the movie’s slightly romantic ‎ touch certainly provides some comforting things that many of us need.”特别是其中的“but”一词，可知D项错误，故选B项。‎ 单元技能讲练：科技发明类阅读 ‎[精读语篇](2013·山东高考阅读理解C)‎ You can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That’s why he created lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rainsensing umbrella.‎ The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy (伞蓬) built into a street lamp，” he said.‎ The Lampbrella is a standardlooking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a builtin electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors (传感器) then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.‎ In addition to the rain sensor, there’s also a 360°motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.‎ According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike. Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several ‎ people. Being installed (安装) at 2 metres off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.‎ While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.‎ ‎[题目试做](建议用时：8分钟)‎ ‎66．For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella?‎ A．To predict a heavy rain.‎ B．To check the weather forecast.‎ C．To protect people from the rain.‎ D．To remind people to take an umbrella.‎ ‎67．What do we know from Belyaev’s words in Paragraph 2?‎ A．His creation was inspired by an experience.‎ B．It rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg.‎ C．Street lamps are protected by canopies.‎ D．He enjoyed taking walks in the rain.‎ ‎68．Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works?‎ A．motor→canopy→sensors B．sensors→motor→canopy C．motor→sensors→canopy D．canopy→motor→sensors ‎69．What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?‎ A．Its moving speed.　　　　　 B．Its appearance.‎ C．Its installation. D．Its safety.‎ ‎70．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A．The designer will open a company to promote his product.‎ B．The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production.‎ C．The designer is confident that his creation is practical.‎ D．The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow.‎ ‎[读文样板]‎ 一、理清文章脉络 本文为科普文章。主要介绍了Belyaev发明的一种路灯遮雨伞。‎ 第一段：开篇点题——介绍Mikhail Belyaev发明创造了路灯上的遮雨伞。‎ 第二段：介绍Mikhail Belyaev怎样发明路灯上的遮雨伞。‎ 第三、四段：路灯遮雨伞的工作原理。‎ ‎ 第五段：路灯遮雨伞的安全性能。‎ 第六段： 路灯遮雨伞的未来应用前景。‎ 二、破解阅读障碍 ‎(一)怎样破解生僻词汇 ‎1．lampbrella n．路灯遮雨伞 破解方法：①构词法：lamp (灯)＋umbrella(伞)→lampbrella (路灯遮雨伞)‎ ‎②语境法：根据第一段中的同位语：a lamp post with its own rainsensing umbrella。 ‎ ‎2．ground n．土地，场地v.把(电线)接地 破解方法：熟词新义。此类词往往根据语境产生新的意思。原文：...it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike.此处是指把路灯上的遮雨伞的电线接地以避免雷击。ground在此被用作动词，指“把(电线)接地”。‎ ‎(二)怎样破解长难句 译文：但是设计者Mikhail Belyaev认为在出门之前忘记查看天气情况不会导致挨雨淋。‎ ‎[解题样板]‎ 信息源 选项特征 ‎66.Belyaev发明路灯遮雨伞的目的是什么？‎ A.为了预测大雨。‎ 第一段第一句 曲解文意 B.为了看天气预报。‎ 第一段第二句 曲解文意 C.为了保护人们不受雨淋。‎ 第一段第二 句及第三句 综合概括 D.为了提醒人们带伞。‎ 第一段第一句 曲解文意 ‎[分析]　选C　根据第一段第二句和第三句“...Belyaev doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast ...That’s why he created Lampbrella.”可知他创造Lampbrella的目的是为了防止人们被雨淋，因此C项表述正确。‎ ‎67.从第二段Belyaev的话里我们可以得知什么？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.他的发明是受一次经历的启发。‎ 第二段第一句 合理推断 B.圣彼得堡市经常下雨。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 C.街灯是由伞蓬保护的。‎ 第二段最后一句 曲解文意 D.他喜欢在雨中散步。‎ 文中未提及 无中生有 ‎[分析]　选A　根据第二段第一句“The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.”可推断出他的这种想法是在看到俄罗斯圣彼得堡一个中心街道上人们被雨淋时产生的。因此A项表述正确。‎ ‎68.下面哪一项展示了路灯遮雨伞是怎样工作的？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.发动机→伞蓬→传感器 第三段 颠倒是非 B.传感器→发动机→伞蓬 第三段 合理推断 C.发动机→传感器→伞蓬 第三段 颠倒是非 D.伞蓬→发动机→传感器 第三段 颠倒是非 ‎[分析]　选B　根据第三段，这种Lampbrella是一个被配备了伞篷(canopy)的路灯杆，它有一个内置的电动机(electric motor)和几个传感器(sensors)，可以在下雨时给行人提供保护。首先是传感器感知有雨，然后通过电动机给伞篷提供动力。因此B项表述正确。‎ ‎69.第五段主要告诉我们关于路灯遮雨伞的什么？ ‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.它的移动速度。‎ 第五段 曲解文意 B.它的外观。‎ 第五段未提及 无中生有 C.它的安装。‎ 第五段 曲解文意 D.它的安全性。‎ 第五段 合理推断 ‎[分析]　选D　根据第五段中的“...the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, ...it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike.”及“Being installed at 2 metres off the ground...”可知，本段主要在强调Lampbrella的安全性，所以D项表述正确。‎ ‎70.从最后一段可以推断出什么？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.设计者将开办公司推广他的产品。‎ 第六段 无中生有 B.感应式路灯遮雨伞能够立即投入生产。‎ 第六段 颠倒是非 C.设计者对自己的发明充满信心。‎ 第六段 合理推断 D.感应式路灯遮雨伞将会在莫斯科展出。‎ 第六段 无中生有 ‎[分析]　选C　根据最后一段中的“insists his creation could be installed on any street where ...”可知，他认为自己的产品是很实用的。因此C项表述符合文意。‎