【英语】2018届人教版必修1Unit4Earthquakes单元学案设计（31页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修1Unit4Earthquakes单元学案设计（31页）

‎2018届人教版必修1Unit 4 Earthquakes单元学案设计 Period 1 Warming up and Reading comprehension 重点单词 ‎1 (adj.) 极度的 (adv.)极度地 ‎2 （n.）民族；国家；国民 （adv.）民族的；国家的；全国的 ‎3 (n,) 污垢 (adj.) 脏的 ‎4 （n.）苦难；痛苦 ______（v.）遭受 (n.)患病者；受难者 ‎5 (v.) 损害 （n.）‎ ‎6 (vt.) 毁坏 （n.）‎ ‎7 (n.) 电；电流 （adj.）靠电来工作的 (adj.)与电有关的 ‎8 (n.)祝贺；（复数）贺词 （v.）祝贺 ‎9 (vt.)使惊吓；吓唬 _____（adj.）令人恐惧的 （adj.）受惊的；受惊吓的 重点短语 ‎1 right 立刻；马上 ‎ ‎2 too… 太…… 而不能……‎ ‎3 think of 评价不高 ‎ ‎4 usual 像往常一样 ‎5 as 好像 ‎ ‎6 an end 结束；终结 ‎7 cut 穿过；贯穿 ‎ ‎8 ruins 成为废墟 ‎9 number of ……的数量 ‎ ‎10 instead 代替 ‎11 dig 掘出；发现 ‎ ‎12 (great) number of 许多；大量的 语篇导读Lead-in Ⅰ.What natural disasters have you heard of?‎ II.Which disaster may cause the worst damage? Have you ever experienced an earthquake? _____________________________________________________________________Ⅲ.Discussion：How much do you know about an earthquake?‎ ‎1 What do you think will happen before an earthquake?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎2 What shall we do if an earthquake happens when we are at school?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________3 Can we stop earthquakes?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________4 What can we do after earthquakes?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________‎ 课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）‎ ‎【原句】But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构：由which/who引导的非限制性定语从句 ‎【模仿1】我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎【模仿2】据报道，心脏病和癌症成了中年人的头号杀手，这给我们敲响了警钟。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________ Period 2 language Points 知识探究与发现 ‎1. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.‎ 在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。‎ 自主探究 burst vi. ( , )‎ ‎ n. ‎ e.g.: Water-pipes .‎ 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。‎ 搭配 ‎① burst into + n. = burst out doing sth. 突然···起来 burst into = burst out laughing 放声大笑 burst into =burst out crying 放声大哭 ‎② burst into break into the room 破门而入 ‎③ a burst of anger 一阵发怒 即学即练 The police _____ the room and caught the murder.‎ A. burst into B. entered into ‎ C. looked into D. shouted at ‎2. It seemed as if the world was at an end. ‎ 似乎到了世界末日！‎ ‎1) as if = as though 好像，似乎 ‎（1）如果as if 从句表示的事情可能是真实的，通常使用陈述语气。‎ e.g. ① It looks as if it is going to rain. ________________________________‎ ‎② It sounds as if _____________________________ 听起来好像有人在敲门。‎ ‎（2）如果as if 从句表示的内容与事实相反或是一种假想，通常使用虚拟语气。‎ 主句+as if (though)+主语+‎ ‎①were/过去时 —〉表示与主句动作同时发生 ‎②could/would +动词原形—〉表示动作可能在将来发生 ‎③had+过去分词—〉表示从句谓语的动作发生在主句动作之前 即学即练 ① She talked about the film as if really seen it.‎ 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。‎ ② She learns English so hard as if ________________________________‎ 她学英语如此努力好像她要去美国似的。‎ ‎ 2). at an end 结束，终结（常作表语）‎ e.g. . 战争终于结束了。‎ 归纳拓展 at the end of 在···尽头，在···末尾 by the end of 到···为止 in the end 最后，终于 make ends meet 收支相抵 come to an end 结束 ‎3. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.‎ 在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就沉没在一片废墟之中。‎ ruin （1）n. ________________________________ ‎ e.g. ________________________________‎ 我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。‎ ‎（2）vt. ________________________________ ‎ 搭配 ‎① be lie in ruins 破败不堪 e.g. ________________________________ ‎ ‎ 那座建筑物已成断壁残垣。 ‎ ‎② fall into ruins 成为废墟 ‎﹝辨析﹞ ruin destroy damage ‎ ‎①ruin 指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打击的结果，也可以指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。‎ ‎②destroy 指彻底毁坏，不能修复。‎ ‎③damage 指局部损坏，但可以修复。‎ 即学即练 ‎（1）The building was completely by fire.‎ ‎（2）His car hit a tree by the roadside and was . So he had to have it repaired.‎ ‎（3）My new shoes get in the mud.‎ ‎4 Sand now filled the wells instead of water.‎ 典例赏析 ‎1) The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks. ‎ 中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。‎ ‎2) Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time. ‎ 杰克不去工作, 虚度着光阴。‎ ‎3) She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday. ‎ 她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。‎ 自主探究 instead of ____________________‎ 短语归纳 instead 是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为“代替；相反”。‎ instead of 是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，其后面的动作，意为“代替、而不……”。‎ in place of 为介词短语，也是“代替、而不”的意思.‎ take the place of 作谓语，用在名词、代词前。‎ 即学即练 ‎1). Tractors _____________ horses in many places. ‎ A. in place of B. have taken the place of C. instead D. instead of ‎ ‎2). You should be out playing ___________ working indoors all day. ‎ A. in spite of B. take the place of ‎ C. instead D. instead of ‎5. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.‎ ‎（1）分数表达法 ‎①分子（基数词为one） 分母（序数词用单数）eg. 1/3 one-third 1/5 one-fifth ‎②分子（基数词大于one）分母+s （序数词用复数）‎ e.g. 2/3 two-thirds 3/5 three-fifths ‎⑵百分数表达法 数词+percent (%) 表示 “百分之…” ‎ e.g. 75% ， 90% ，65% ，……‎ 分数/百分数作主语时，若所指的是可数名词，则谓语动词多用复数；‎ e.g. 80% of the trees were cut down.‎ 若指不可数名词，谓语动词多用单数：‎ e.g. 50% of the water in the bottle has gone.‎ 请根据提示完成下列句子。‎ ‎1. (三分之一) of the students in our class (be) girls.‎ ‎2. (五分之三) of the soil (wash) away by the flood last night.‎ ‎3. (一半) of the desks in this school (make) in his company.‎ ‎（2）injure vt. ‎ e.g. ① ‎ ‎ 吸烟会损害你的健康。‎ ‎ ② ‎ ‎ 去年他在一次交通事故中受了伤。‎ ‎﹝辨析﹞ injure, hurt, wound njure 常指偶然事故对人造成的“损害”。‎ hurt v. 受伤，伤害。常用于口语，主要指肉体或感情上所受到的伤害，也含有“疼痛（vi.）”的意思。‎ wound vt. 伤，伤害。& n.伤，伤口。指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤、剑伤，尤指在战争中、战斗中受伤。‎ 即学即练 ‎① He got in the war.‎ ‎② He didn’t want to her feelings.‎ ‎③ Yesterday my leg .‎ ‎④Tom fell down from the tree and his legs.‎ ‎6. People were shocked. 人们震惊了。‎ shock v. ‎ un. 休克，打击，震惊 ‎ c n. 令人震惊的事 ‎﹝派生词﹞ shocked adj. 震惊的 ‎ shocking adj. 令人震惊的 搭配﹞① be shocked at (doing) sth. 对（做）某事感到震惊 ‎ ② be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事 即学即练 ① The child’s bad language （使大家都感到震惊）。‎ ‎② ‎ 他对她的抽烟感到震惊。‎ ‎③ The news of his wife’s death was to him.（一个沉重的打击）‎ ‎④ All of the people present felt at the news. ‎ 所有在场的人们对这个令人震惊的消息感到震惊。 ‎ ‎7. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.‎ ‎ rescue n. &vt. 援救，营救 典例赏析 ‎1) The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river. ‎ 警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。‎ ‎2) The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake. ‎ 营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。‎ ‎3) Michael rescued a boy from drowning. ‎ 迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。‎ 自主探究 rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. ‎ come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. ‎ a rescue team 救援队 a rescue mission 救援任务 ‎ rescue workers 救援人员 即学即练 用rescue的适当形式填空 ‎1) The mother, along with her two children, ______ from the sinking boat by a passing ship.‎ ‎2) The firemen ________ five children from the burning house yesterday. ‎ ‎8. All hope was not lost. ‎ 典型例句 ‎①All the students do not know how to deal with the problem. ‎ ‎= Not all the students know how to deal with the problem. ‎ ‎②I don’t know all of them. ‎ ‎③Both of the students don’t like the story. ‎ ‎④Everyone doesn’t like the story. ‎ ‎= Not everyone likes the story. ‎ 自主探究 表示“全体”意义的词 “ , , , , ” 等和否定副词not连用时表部分否定。而“none, neither, nobody, nothing” 等表完全否定。如：‎ Nobody likes the story. ‎ Neither of the students likes the story. ‎ 即学即练 中译英 ‎1) 并非这两个学生这个故事。‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎2) 这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ ‎9. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.‎ bury v. 埋葬，掩藏 ① She _______beside her husband’s grave.‎ 她被安葬在丈夫的坟旁。‎ ② The paper ________ under a pile of book.‎ 那份文件被掩藏在一堆书下面。‎ ③ She ____________ thought. 她陷入沉思。‎ ④ He ____________ his books. 他埋头读书。‎ 常用短语 be buried in…‎ bury oneself in… 埋头于，专心于……‎ ‎10. a (great) number of 许多，大量的 （后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数）‎ e.g. _______________________________________许多学生反对这个计划。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎①many, a great/good many, hundreds of, thousands of, millions of, (quite) a few + 可数名词复数 ‎② much, a great deal of, (quite) a little + 不可数名词 ‎③ plenty of, a lot of, lots of + 可数名词复数不可数名词 即学即练 The number of people invited 50, but a number of them absent.‎ A. was; was B. was; were C. were; was D. were; were ‎ Period 3 Grammar 定语从句----关系代词的用法 一 定语从句的概念 ‎1. 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。‎ ‎2. 引导定语从句的词有两种:关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有where ,why, when等。‎ ‎3. 关系代词和关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间,有三个作用：1连接主从句(引导定语从句)2.指代先行词3在定语从句中做句子成分。‎ ‎4. 定语从句一般位于先行词后面。‎ 二 关系代词的用法 ‎1 who的用法 who引导定语从句时，在从句中做主语或宾语，（做宾语时可省）先行词是人。‎ This is the man who helped me out of trouble. 他就是那个帮我解决困难的人。‎ I don’t know the woman who you spoke to just now. 我不认识那个刚才你与她交谈的妇女。‎ ‎2 whom的用法 whom引导定语从句时，在从句中做宾语，（可省）先行词是人。‎ The doctor whom/who you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那个医生在房间里。‎ She’s a girl with whom you can talk freely. 她是一个你可以与之随便交流的姑娘。‎ ‎[注意]①whom 引导定语从句时不能用作从句的主语。‎ ② whom 可以构成“介词+whom”引导定语从句 ‎3 whose 用法 whose引导定语从句时，在从句中做定语，意思为：“……的”，表示所属关系，其先行词可以是人，也可以是物。‎ He’s living in a room whose window faces the east. 他住在一个窗户朝东的房间里。‎ The boy whose spoken English is excellent draws our attention.‎ 那个英语口语极好的男孩引起了我们的注意。‎ ‎[知识拓展]“whose+n.”引导的定语从句相当于“the+n.+of+which/whom”或“of which/whom+the+n.”引导的定语从句 ‎① Please pass me the book whose cover is yellow and black.‎ ‎= Please pass me the book the cover of which is yellow and black.‎ 请把那本封面是黑黄相间的书递给我。‎ ‎② We saw some people whose car had broken down.‎ ‎= We saw some people the car of whom had broken down.‎ ‎4 that 与which的用法 that和which 在它们引导的定语从句中做主语或宾语，（做宾语时可省）that的先行词既可以是人，也可以是物，which的先行词是物。‎ They finally reached a storehouse that/which used to be a church.‎ 他们最后到了一个曾经是一个教堂的仓库那里。‎ I have been keeping the presents that/which he sent me. ‎ 我一直保存着他送给我的礼物 ‎[注意]在下列情况which和that 不能换用 ‎1只用that不用which的情况：‎ ① 先行词是人时 We all like the new teacher that teaches us English. ‎ 我们都喜欢教我们英语的那位新老师 ② 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, many, some, something, nothing, ‎ anything, everything等时。‎ All that we have to do is to practise every day. ‎ 我们所必须做的是就是每天练习。‎ I‘ll do everything that I can (do) to help you. ‎ 我将尽一切努力来帮助你。‎ ① 当先行词被all, few, little, the only, any, no, the very等修饰时。‎ Every means that had been tried proved to be useless. ‎ 尝试过的每一种方法都被证明是无用的 I’ve read all the books that you gave me. ‎ 我已经读了你给我的所有的书。‎ He is the very man that I am looking for.‎ 他正是我要找的那个人。‎ ② 当先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。‎ The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. ‎ 我将永远不会忘记我的第一堂课。‎ It’s the most interesting book that I’ve ever read. ‎ 这是我曾经读过的最有趣的书。‎ ③ 当先行词既有人又有物时。‎ They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.‎ 他们谈起了他们所记得的学校里面的人和事。‎ ④ 当the way做先行词且引导词在从句中做状语时,引导词用that或in which,也可省略。‎ I hate the way (that)/ (in which) he talks to his wife. ‎ 我讨厌他和他妻子说话的方式。‎ ⑤ 一些以which/who开头的特殊疑问句,为了避免重复，用that引导。‎ Which is the book that you want?‎ Who is the child that lost his key?‎ ⑥ 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(只限于限定性定语从句)。‎ He is not the person that he was 30 years ago.‎ ‎[注意] that和who的先行词都是人，但有时只用who He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。‎ A sports fan is someone who loves to play or watch sports.‎ Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.‎ God helps those who help themselves.‎ 自助者天助。‎ 总结：先行词是①人称代词 ‎ ②someone/anyone等指人的不定代词 ‎ ③those/one/ones指人时 ‎[注意]定语从句中谓语动词的单复数 ① Do you know the boy who is (be) standing under the tree?‎ ② Do you know the boys who are (be) standing under the tree?‎ 总结：如果关系代词在定语从句中作主语,谓语动词要与主语保持一致.‎ She is one of the students who have (have) been to Beijing.‎ She is the only one of the students who has (have) been to Beijing.‎ ‎5、as 的用法:(as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)‎ ‎(1) 如为限制性的，多用于the same …as ; the same as；such …as …; as many/much as；so …as等结构中。如：‎ ‎1. I have the same book as you (have). 我有一本和你的一样的书。‎ ‎ Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been. (关系代词as和指示代词same连用, 在从句中用作表语, 先行词是same.)‎ ‎2比较：I live in the same house that he used to live in.‎ ‎ I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday.‎ 比较：Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. （定语从句）‎ ‎ Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）‎ ‎(2) 如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为"正如，这一点"。（动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.）‎ ‎1. As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health. (as 作宾语)‎ ‎=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health. （as 作主语）‎ ‎=It's known to all that smoking is harmful to one's health.‎ 或:Smoking is harmful to one's health , as we all know .（as 作宾语）‎ 或: Smoking, as we all know, is harmful to one' health.‎ ‎2. He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent. (宾语, 先行词是前面整个句子)‎ 三 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：‎ ‎1. 形式上，非限制性定语从句往往用逗号隔开。‎ ‎2. 语法上，非限制性定语从句一般不用that.‎ ‎3. 语义上，限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密，起限定作用，如果去掉了这个定语从句，整个句子就不完整或者会改变意思；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不是很紧密，对先行词起补充说明或描述的作用。‎ ‎1) This is the book I like best. 这就是我最喜欢的那本书。‎ ‎2) Beijing, which has been China's capital for more than 800 years , is rich in cultural and historic relics. 北京是中国八百年之久的古都，它有着丰富的文化和历史遗产。‎ ‎4. 翻译时，限制性定语从句可译为一句（较短的一般译为"的"字结构）；而非限制性定语从句可译为两句。（见上句翻译）‎ 比较: He has a sister, who is a musician. ‎ He has a sister who is a musician.‎ 定语从句练习 一、选择题 ‎1. Do you know the girl _____ is talking with your mother?‎ A. who B. which C. whose D. / ‎ ‎2. This is the kite _______ Billy Fisher gave to Tom A. who B. which C. / D. Both B and C ‎ ‎3. He was the only one ______ was saved in the earthquake. ‎ A. who B. that C. which D. A and B ‎ ‎4. This is the only present _____ I like. ‎ A. who B. that C. which D. B and C ‎5. This is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever seen. ‎ A. which B. who C. where D. / ‎ ‎6. All _______ I can do is to give him some money. ‎ A. that B. which C. who D. what ‎ ‎7. Is there anything else _____ you need? ‎ A. which B. that C. who D. what ‎ ‎8. The museum _____ we visited last week isn’t far from here.‎ A. where B. which C. what D. who ‎ ‎9. Where is the scientist _____ gave us the talk yesterday?‎ A. which B. that C. what D. / ‎ ‎10. Most of the people ____ lost their lives in the earthquake are Sichuan natives. ‎ A. when B. who C. how D. which ‎ ‎11. Do you think most students prefer tests ____ have easy questions?‎ A. who B. where C. when D. that ‎ ‎12. My mum prefers music ____ quiet and gentle. ‎ A. that are B. that is C. which has D. whose is ‎ ‎13. The boy ____ you saw just now is Tom’s brother.‎ A. which B. whose C. when D. / ‎ ‎14. The bike and its rider _____ had run over an old woman were helped up by the policeman.‎ A. which B. that C. it D. whom ‎15. She was becoming fat, ______ bothered her very much.‎ A. which B. that C. it D. of whom ‎16. The Amazon(亚马逊河), ______ lies in the Andes(安第斯山脉) is the world’s longest river.‎ A. its source B. which source C. whose source D. the source of it ‎17. The reason ______ I can’t come is _______ I have to work late.‎ A. for, why B. why, because C. because, that D. why, that ‎18. Who is that man _____ is telling the children a story?‎ A. who B. whom C. that D. whoever ‎19. She tells us that Lao Wang is a person _______ we can learn a lot.‎ A. whom B. that C. from whom D. about whom ‎20. Is this the factory _____ you worked five years ago?‎ A. in which B. in where C. in that D. that 二、用适当的关系代词填空 ‎1. Do you like the present I bought you yesterday?‎ ‎2. The storybook _ was written by his uncle is quite interesting.‎ ‎3. The boy computer doesn’t work well needs your help.‎ ‎4. This is the best movie we have seen this year.‎ ‎5. The doctor we met in the street is from America.‎ ‎6. The passengers and the suitcases were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane.‎ ‎7. Who is the girl you want to make friends with?‎ ‎8. This is the last lesson Mr. Smith taught us.‎ ‎9. I, am your friend, will help you out.‎ 10. The building wall is white is my uncle’s house.‎ 11. The boy John spoke with is my brother.‎ 12. Will you please lend me the very picture you bought yesterday?‎ 13. The students the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.‎ 14. The season comes after spring is summer.‎ 15. This is the first museum we visited last Saturday.‎ 16. The girl leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to the hospital.‎ 17. I found some photos of interesting places were not far away from our city.‎ 18. There is a boy downstairs want to see you.‎ 19. The river banks are covered with trees is very long.‎ 20. I’m going to meet Tom they say is a good boy.‎ Period 4 Using language 词汇知识 ‎1. （n.）祝贺 (v.)祝贺 ‎ ‎2. (v.) 判断 (n.)判断 (n.)裁判员 ‎3. (v.)尊敬 (adj.) 高尚的 ‎ ‎4. (v.)表示，表达 (n.) 快车快递 (n.)表达表情 ‎5. (v.)骑自行车 (n.)骑自行车的人 重点词组 ‎1. a speech 作演讲 2. be to do sth 乐意做某事 ‎3. be proud 为…..而自豪 4.have a conversation 和……交谈 ‎5.be knomn 因为/作为……而出名 要点探究 ‎1. Congratulations! 祝贺你！‎ congratulation (n.) 祝贺；（复数）贺词 ‎1）Congratulations on your passing exam!‎ 祝贺你通过了这次考试。‎ ‎2）They received many letters of congratulation.‎ 他们收到了很多祝贺信。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ congratulate 祝贺 congratulate sb. on sth. 因某事向某人祝贺 congratulate oneself on sth. 因某事感到高兴或者庆幸 celebrate sth. 庆祝（节日等）‎ 即学即练 ‎3) I .‎ 我为他们的成功向他们表示祝贺。‎ ‎4) He can having done an excellent job.‎ 他应该为他出色的工作感到高兴。‎ ‎2. You speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that that it was the best one this year. ‎ 典例赏析 ‎ ‎1) His father used to be a judge. ‎ ‎2) She's a good judge of wine. ‎ ‎3) The blind can’t judge colors. ‎ ‎4) Don’t judge a man by his looks. ‎ 自主探究 judge n. ‎ v. ‎ judge sb./ sth. by/from 通过……判断……‎ as far as I judge 我认为 judging from/by … 从……来看， 根据……判断 即学即练 用与judge相关的词汇填空 ‎1) ______his appearance, he must be a rich man.‎ ‎2) _______, he must be from the south.‎ ‎3 Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster. ‎ 典例赏析 ‎1) Children should honour their parents ‎ ‎2) They went to Shanghai to honour their mother on her 80th birthday.‎ ‎3) It is an honour to meet you. an honored person ‎ ‎4) They fight for the honour of their country.‎ ‎5）It was a great honour to be invited here today.‎ 自主探究 honor (vt.) ‎ ‎(n.) ‎ 常用短语 ‎ show/do honor to sb 对…表示敬意, 给……带来荣誉 have the honor to do sth 很荣幸地做某事 in honor of /in one’s honor 为……纪念，以……名义 参考答案:‎ Period 1‎ 重点单词拓展 1 extreme; extremly 2.nation; national 3.dirt; dirty ‎ ‎4. suffering;suffer;sufferer.5.injure,injury.6.destroy,destruction.7.electricity,electric, electrical.8.congratulation,congratulate. 9. frighten, frightening, frightened.‎ 重点短语 1. away 2.to 3.little 4.as 5.if 6.at 7.across 8.in 9.the 10.of 11.out 12.a 语篇导读Lead-in Ⅰ.Tornado earthquake snow slide fire mudflow flood typhoon volcano sandstorm Ⅱ.Earthquake Ⅲ. 1.1) Bright lights will flash in the sky.‎ ‎2) Animals, such as cows, dogs, horses and snakes, will be very nervous and upset.‎ ‎3) The well had deep cracks in it.‎ ‎4) Chickens were flying and dogs were barking, and pigs and cows were too nervous to eat.‎ ‎5) Fish jumped out of the pond, and mice ran out of the fields.‎ ‎2.1) Don’t be nervous and keep calm.‎ ‎2) Don‘t try to run out of the classroom.‎ ‎3) Protect your head by putting your bag on your head.‎ ‎4) Squat or sit down under your desk.‎ ‎5) Leave the classroom after the earthquake ‎3.We can’t stop earthquakes, but we can try to reduce the losses caused by earthquakes.‎ To build houses as strong as possible; ‎ To build houses on rock rather than on sand.‎ ‎4 Try to rescue people; ‎ Try to rebuild families;‎ Try to forget sad experiences and live with strong belief.‎ 课文佳句背诵与仿写 ‎【模仿1】My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.‎ ‎【模仿2】It is reported that heart disease and cancer are now the top killers of middle-aged people in China, which gives us a warming. ‎ Period 2‎ 知识探究与发现 ‎1. burst vi. 爆裂 burst , burst n. 突然爆裂，爆发; often burst in cold weather .‎ 搭配 ① laughter tears 即学即练② A ‎ ‎2.1) （1）e.g. ① 天似乎要下雨了。‎ ‎② somebody is knocking at the door. ‎ ‎（2）① C ② she had ③she would go to the U.S.A. ‎ ‎ 2) e.g. The war was finally at an end.‎ ‎3. （1）n. 废墟，毁灭 e.g. We saw the ruins of the church .‎ ‎ （2）vt. 毁灭，使破产 搭配① eg: The building is in ruins. ②填空：（1） destroyed （2）damaged（3） ruined ‎ ‎4. 即学即练 单项选择。1). B 2). D ‎ ‎5. 1. One third are 2.Three fifths; was washed 3. One/A half were made ‎ ‎（2） 损害，伤害 ① Smoking will injure your health. ‎ ‎ ② He got injured in a traffic accident last year. ‎ 即学即练 ‎① wounded ② hurt ③ hurt .④injured/hurt ‎ ‎6 (使)震惊，震动 ‎ e.g. ① shocked everyone ② He was shocked at her smoking. ‎ ‎③a great shock ④shocked shocking ‎ ‎7. 1) has been rescued 2) rescued ‎8. 1) Both of the students don’t like the story.‎ ‎2) Neither of the students likes the story.‎ ‎9. 1) was buried 2) was buried 3)was buried in 4) buries himself in ‎10. A number of students were against the plan. ‎ 即学即练B Period 3‎ 一、1-5 ADBBD 6-10 ABBBB 11-15 DBDBA 16-20 CDCCA 二、1. that / which / 不填 2. that / which 3. whose 4. that / 不填 5. whom / who / that / 不填 6. that 7. that / 不填 8. that / 不填 9. ‎ who 10. whose 11. who/ whom 12. that /不填 13. who /whom /that/不填 ‎ ‎14. that /which 15. that 16. whose 17. that / which 18. who / that 19. whose20. who/ whom/ that Period 4‎ 词汇知识 ‎1 congratulation congratulate 2 judge (v.) judgement (n) judge (n.) ‎ ‎3 honor honorable 4 express express expression ‎ ‎5 cycle cyclist ‎ 重点词组 ‎1. give 2. pleased 3. of 4. of 5. for /as ‎ 要点探究3) I congratulated them on their success.‎ ‎4) He can congratulate himself on ‎2. 答案: 1) Judging 2) In her judgment 单元知识综合运用 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 ‎（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A The meaning of the word “volunteer ” may be a little different in different countries, but it usually means “one who offers his or her services.” There are many different ways in which people can volunteer, such as taking care of sick people, working in homes for homeless children, and picking up garbage(垃圾) from beaches and parks. Volunteers may work within their own countries or in other countries. They are often people with a strong wish to help those who are less fortunate than themselves. Volunteers don’t expect any kind of pay.‎ ‎ At the root of volunteering is the idea that one person may have the ability to offer services that can help other people. Tracy, a good friend of mine, however, recently came back from India with a new idea of what being a volunteer means. She worked for two and a half weeks in one of Mother Teresa’s homes in Calcutta. The following is her story.‎ ‎ “I first heard about Mother Teresa in my high school, we watched a video(录像) about her work in India and all over the world. I was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after I graduated from high school, I too wanted to try her kind of work. So with two friends I flew to Calcutta for a few weeks.”‎ ‎ “I was asked to work in a home for sick people. I helped wash clothes and sheets, and pass out lunch. I also fed the people who were too weak to feed themselves and tried to cheer the up. I felt it was better to share with them than to think that I have helped them. To be honest, I don’t think I was helping very much. It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience ‎ another culture(文化) that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world.”‎ ‎21. According to the text, a volunteer refers to a person who ______.‎ ‎ A. is willing to help those in need without pay ‎ B. can afford to travel to different places ‎ C. has a strong wish to be successful ‎ D. has made a big fortune in life ‎22. Tracy started her work as a volunteer _______.‎ ‎ A. after she met Mother Teresa ‎ B. after she finished high school ‎ C. when she was touring Calcutta ‎ D. when she was working in a hospital ‎23. Why did Tracy choose to be a volunteer?‎ ‎ A. She liked to work with Mother Teresa.‎ ‎ B. She had already had some experience.‎ ‎ C. She was asked by Mother Teresa’s example.‎ ‎ D. She wanted to follow Mother Teresa’s example.‎ ‎24. What is Tracy’s “new idea” (Paragraph 2) of being a volunteer?‎ ‎ A. Going abroad to help the sick.‎ ‎ B. Working in Mother Teresa’s home.‎ ‎ C. Doing simple things to help the poor. ‎ ‎ D. Improving oneself through helping others.‎ B ‎ As nanny(保姆), cook, cleaner, shopper, driver, and gardener, she has one of the most demanding jobs in Britain today. And paying someone else to do the chores(家务活) which take the average housewife 71 hours a week would cost €349.‎ ‎ At over €18,000 a year that’s more than the earnings of 70 percent of the population, including train drivers, firemen, prison officers, and social worker. Looking after a baby less than a year old takes a housewife into a even higher pay league. According to a study, she earns €457 a week – at nearly €24,000 a year, the ‎ same as teachers, engineers, and chemists.‎ ‎ Researchers put a price on each chore, then tried to find out how long the average person takes doing them. They found housewives spend an average 70.7 hours a week on housework – with looking after the children (17.9hours) and cooking and cleaning (12.9 hours each) the most time-consuming(费时).‎ ‎ A wife with a part-time job still works an average of 59 hours a week at home. Those in full-time employment put in longer hours at home than in the workplace. The good news is that these hours drop sharply as children get older. While the average mother with child under one puts in 90 hours weekly, the figure drops to 80 hours from one to four and to 66 hours from five to ten.‎ ‎ Mother-of-four Karen Williams from London said, “Paying the housewives may not be practical, but the government should recognize the value of housework, perhaps through the tax. Running a house takes a lot of time and most husbands don’t understand this. For example, my husband only puts a shelf up now and again. He never cleans the kitchen – that’s the real test.”‎ ‎25. Who earns most according to the text?‎ ‎ A. A social worker. B. A fireman.‎ ‎ C. A gardener. D. A teacher.‎ ‎26. We lean from the text that looking after children ______.‎ ‎ A. takes more time than doing any other housework ‎ B. means more duties than being a teacher ‎ C. requires the mother to be well-educated ‎ D. prevents the mother from working outside ‎27. According to the text, a housewife with a baby less than one year old may work _____.‎ ‎ A. 66 hours a week B. 71 hours a week ‎ C. 80 hours a week D. 90 hours a week ‎28. By mentioning her husband, Karen Williams wants to show that ______.‎ ‎ A. housework is no easy job ‎ B. her husband has no time to clean the kitchen ‎ C. a housewife needs to be paid for cleaning ‎ D. the kitchen is hard to clean C Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time – about eight hours after you wake up – your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day. The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.‎ In many parts of the world, people take naps(小睡) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer climates(气候), where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional (传统的), people often suffer less from problem such as heart disease.‎ Many working people, unfortunately, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can also happen if you sleep for too long. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap – even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.‎ ‎29. Why do people feel sleepy in the early afternoon according to the text?‎ ‎ A. They eat too much for lunch.‎ ‎ B. They sleep too little at night. ‎ ‎ C. Their body temperature becomes lower.‎ ‎ D. The weather becomes a lot warmer.‎ ‎30. If you get up at 6:30 am, what is the best time for you to take a nap?‎ ‎ A. About 12:30 pm. B. About 1:30 pm.‎ ‎ C. About 2:30 pm D. About 3:30 pm ‎31. What would be the best title for the text?‎ ‎ A. Just for a Rest B. All for a Nap ‎ C. A Special Sleep Pattern. D. Taking Naps in Warmer Climate.‎ D ‎ Five million people visit Grand Canyon in the US every year. For the purpose of helping project Grand Canyon for your fellow visitors and future generations, please follow the guidelines below.‎ Camping To project the park, camping is allowed only within permitted campgrounds. Permits are required for overnight camping at the North Rim. Advance booking can be received by mail. Please write: Information Center, P.O. Box 129, Grand Canyon, AZ 86023‎ Fires ‎ Because of the extreme fire danger, campfires are not allowed except at Mather and Desert View campgrounds. Collection of firewood is not allowed either.‎ Hiking(远足)‎ Please stay on permitted paths. Otherwise you may destroy desert plants. Pack out what you pack in, so you leave no signs of your visit. It is important to keep in mind that you are in a national park where wildlife exists.‎ Weather The weather at Grand Canyon can change very quickly. With so much rock, lightning(闪电) causes a particular danger during sudden summer storms. These storms also frequently bring floods inside valleys, a danger to hikers. Watch the skies and check daily weather reports.‎ Wildlife Do not feed park wildlife. There have been a few cases at Grand Canyon National Park where deer(鹿) were purposely shot because they are plastic bags that left them sick and weak. Hungry deer can be danger and have kicked and bitten visitors ‎ at Grand Canyon. Some other animals will also beg and bite. For your own safety and the well-being of the animals, please do not feed wildlife, no matter how gentle they may appear.‎ ‎32. What can you do first if you want to go camping?‎ ‎ A. Know the permitted B. Book campgrounds in advance ‎ C. Make sure not to make a fire D. Stop at Mather and Desert View ‎33. What do the underlined words “pack out what you pack in” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?‎ ‎ A. keep everything out of campgrounds ‎ B. take away everything you bring in ‎ C. carry all the necessary food ‎ ‎ D. look after your personal belongings ‎ ‎34. Why were some deer killed on purpose at Grand Canyon? A. They ate wrong things and became very ill.‎ ‎ B. They were a danger to other gentle animals.‎ ‎ C. They begged food from visitors.‎ ‎ D. They kicked and bit visitors.‎ ‎35. What is the main purpose of the text?‎ ‎ A. To provide travel information B. To report some recent news.‎ ‎ C. To teach tourists hiking skills D. To introduce the wild life 第二节 （（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ ‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Training for a marathon (马拉松）requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand （牌子）will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 37 . As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.‎ During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. ‎ ‎38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 39 . After two weeks, start timing yourself. 40 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.‎ A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality（质量） of training G. Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time 第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ As Christmas drew near, Ursula was faced with just that problem. She had come to live in an American home and learn English. 41 _, she would mind the children and I 42_ anything she was asked.‎ One of her tasks was to keep track of 43 Christmas presents. Ursula did this faithfully(忠诚地）, but she became increasingly __44 . What could she buy for her _ 45 with the little money she had that would compare with the gifts she was recording（记录） daily? 46 ,even without any of the 47_, her employer seems to have everything.‎ Ursula _48 long and hard. On Christmas Eve, she went to a 49 _. She moved slowly through crowds of shoppers, _ 50 things in her mind. Finally she bought a baby dress. She immediately called 51 . “Excuse me, please, can you help me find a poor family with a baby?” “A poor family?” said the 52_ driver. “Yes, a very poor family.” Ursula told the man of what she was trying to do. He 53 in silence, and then said, “I know a family who 54 just about everything.”‎ When they reached a 55 the driver said, “They live on the third floor.” Ursula shook her head, “Would you take this dress to them and tell them it’s from someone ... someone who has everything.”‎ Early the next day, Ursula 56 everyone for the presents she received. Then, she began to 57 . why there seemed to be none 58 her. She told about what she did the night before. When she finished, there was a long 59 . “You see,” she added, “I try to do a kindness in your 60 .And this is my Christmas present to you.”‎ ‎41. A. In return B. As a result C. By the way D. In a sense ‎42. A. try B. learn C. teach D. do ‎43. A. delivering B. mailing C. arriving D. sending ‎44 A. excited B. worried C. tired D. interested ‎45. A. American family B. own family C. friends D. classmates ‎46. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Besides D. However ‎47. A. goods B. kindness C. gifts D. help ‎48. A. talked B. worked C. waited D. thought ‎49. A. store B. neighborhood C. street D. church ‎50. A. choosing B. matching C. remembering D. organizing ‎51. A. a shop B. a taxi C. her employer D. her parents ‎52. A. delighted B. anxious C. surprised D. respectful ‎53. A. noticed B. listened C. got out D. carried on ‎54. A. buys B. has C. uses D. needs ‎55. A. garage B. building C. station D. yard ‎56. A. thanked B. encouraged C. praised D. admired ‎57. A. settle B. repeat C. argue D. explain ‎58. A. to B. for C. from D. by ‎59. A. delay B. silence C. time D. break ‎60. A. case B. opinion C. memory D. name 第II卷 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61______________ （build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 ________ most modern of architects（建筑师） ‎ and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable（让人敬佩的） is their 63 _________ (able) to “air condition” a house without 64 ( use) electric equipment（电器设备）. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 ( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle （循环） 68 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures（温度）. As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ 第一节 ‎ 书面表达（满分20分）‎ 你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报，主题为：保护环境从我做起。请你根据下图所示写一篇英语短文。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ What can I do for our environment?‎ Everyone can do something for our environment. ‎ ‎ _________‎ ‎ _______‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案 ‎ 1-5 CACBA 6-10 BACBC 11-15 AACBB 16-20 CBACA ‎ 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. A ‎36.-40CEADG 41. A 42. D 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. A 51. B52. C 53 B 54. D 55. B 56. A 57. D58. C 59. B 60. D ‎ 61.built 62.the 63.ability 64.using 65.slowly 66.to cool 67.at 68.goes 69.natural 70.how Possible version ‎ What can I do for our environment?‎ Everyone can do something for our environment. For me, I should try to save electricity in my daily life. For example, if I am the last person leave the classroom in the evening, I will always remember to turn off the lights. In order to protect our forests, I will use paper wisely. I should try to use both sides of paper whenever it is possible. I will not use things like paper cups and disposable chopsticks because they are made of wood. I believe that doing all these small things will improve our environment and help make our world a better place to live in.‎