【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型10篇训练之二（24页word版答案含有解析）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型10篇训练之二（24页word版答案含有解析）

‎ 2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型10篇训练之二 ‎ [一]‎ As China becomes increasingly urbanized (城市化的)，it has to find space for its urban and rural citizens as both groups become increasingly integrated. Experts suggest a possible model way may be reinventing a “garden city”．‎ China's megacities are bursting at the borders and the country is now undergoing the quickest and biggest urbanization in the history of mankind. It is estimated that by 2025, China will have 400 million more people living in its cities, raising its urban population to 900 million. Besides, new satellite towns are mushrooming on the urban fringes while city ring roads are rippling outwards into the countryside at amazing speed. Satellite maps collected by Professor Joshua Bolchover at the University of Hong Kong bring the problem sharply into focus. They track the changing ruralurban framework in the past 30 years, and suggest that cities are cruelly destroying surrounding rural land and rapidly reducing the amount of arable(可耕种的)land, which gives way to new residential blocks, new industrial zones, new financial centers and the other inevitable signs and signatures of economic growth.‎ This, however, is not sustainable growth pattern, especially when China has the world's largest population to feed. So concerned urban planners are starting to note the social and physical effects of diaspora(大移居)when replaced rural communities are forced into the cities.‎ On the other hand, a trend of thought is gradually taking shape and this is the concept of the “garden city”， a combination of country and city that is being proposed by architects and city planners. Hua Li, from Tao Architects, is among the many professionals with such a ‎ voice. His argument is supported by a longterm study on this subject. As Hua says, the answer is to preserve patches of productive farmland within urban boundaries. Less transportation means we have fresh agricultural products at lower costs and less carbon emission in the city. And urban farmland can also be showcased for agricultural tourism and education.‎ The concept is already practiced at grass roots level. Agriculture has gone into the air, up to roof and balcony in some communities in the cities. It's common to see organic “hanging garden” on the roof of some traditional courtyard home. According to some people, the rooftop project translates into practical benefits, such as safe, nutritious vegetables and a cooler home in summer. Some say thanks to the tomatoes they plant that are natural insect killers, there're fewer mosquitoes. Apart from these, it also contributes to better bonding with neighbors. Zhang, a doctor in Beijing, began creating his hanging garden five years ago. Since his garden became home to 30 kinds of vegetables and fruit—all enough to feed his family, neighbors have enjoyed dropping by for a relaxing chat or just to see how well the lovely vegetables and fruit are growing.‎ Although people like Zhang are still rare and the greening of roof space with vegetables and fruit takes skill and energy，with more positive media exposure and advanced technology there is the prospect that garden city will become common practice in the near future. By then, cities will no longer look so gray when seen from the satellites.‎ ‎【语篇解读】 中国的城市化进程不断加快，这是一个我们不得不面对的现实。如果不能较好地应对，这对我们来说将是个灾难。城市和农村将如何融合共生？‎ ‎1．Some experts suggest reinventing a “garden city” because________.‎ A．it is the only model way to save the cities B．it helps stop destroying the rural areas C．increasing urbanization takes place in China D．China has the largest population to feed 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句的内容可知，专家提议重建花园城市是因为中国的城市化进程在不断加快。‎ 答案　C ‎2．What is the purpose of Paragraph 2?‎ A．To show the experts' concern about the increase of population.‎ B．To persuade people into supporting economic growth in cities.‎ C．To explain the reasons for the change of ruralurban framework.‎ D．To inform the readers of the consequences of quick urbanization.‎ 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的描述可知，中国城市化进程不断加快，由此导致可耕地的大面积减少。故第二段的目的在于告知读者城市化进程所带来的后果。‎ 答案　D ‎3．In Hua Li's opinion, a combination of country and city will________.‎ A．benefit the environment and lower living costs B．become a project that needs a longterm study C．lead to more rural communities being replaced D．attract more farmers to take tours in cities 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Less transportation means we have fresh agricultural products at lower costs and less carbon emission in the city.”可知，城乡结合既保护了环境又降低了生活成本。‎ 答案　A ‎4．As for the concept of the“garden city”，the writer feels________.‎ A．desperate B．hopeful C．disappointed D．concerned 解析　态度意图题。根据最后一段中的“there is the prospect that garden city will become common practice in the near future”可知，作者认为花园城市的构想是可行的，在不久的将来会成为现实，故作者对此充满希望。‎ 答案　B ‎[二]‎ During the school year many parents take on the role of driver as they drive their children from one lesson to another. Understandably so. Many of us want our children to have a little taste of everything，from organized sports to music，dance and more. But we can overdo it，leaving our children feeling a little burnt out，and according to parent educator Diane Loisie，it’s their school work that suffers the most，“After school，if they’re busy in a number of sporting events，besides，they need to do their homework，then the time they’ll feel sleepy is in the classroom. Your child needs free time.So if you’re filling up that after school time，then it’s during the day they’re going to be taking a break.”‎ Professor Claire McDermott agrees that there’s a lot to be gained from sometimes putting those scheduled lessons and activities away. “Relaxing time is important for children. It’s time just to do the things they want to do. Children can go up to their room，or they can play around. It doesn’t look like productive time；parents certainly wouldn’t be saying ‘Wow，are they ever learning things now？’ But this relaxing time gives both the body and the brain just a wonderful chance to relax after a day. It helps a child prepare for sleep，but it also helps to understand the learning that’s gone on that day.”‎ It’s hard to prevent signing our kids up for some activities and lessons. After all，many of us want our children to have a head start in life and the chance to join in great activities in the arts or sports is part of that. However，Loisie feels that in the long run most children feel better with just a few key activities because it gives them an opportunity to master them. “When we get our children in too many activities because we want our children to experience everything，then what we’re doing is setting them up not to be good at one thing or gain ‎ a skill.” So choose your children’s activities wisely. It may be one of the best things you’ve ever done for your kids and for the family drivers!‎ ‎【语篇解读】　为了孩子的成长，父母煞费苦心，可是，这么做对孩子有益吗？艺在精而不在多，明智地为孩子选择适合他们自身的活动才是对他们最好的呵护。‎ ‎5．What is the biggest disadvantage for children to attend too many lessons after school?‎ A．They can get bored easily about everything.‎ B．They might have no time to do the homework.‎ C．They might not pay much attention to learning.‎ D．They can not easily focus on learning during the day.‎ 解析　推理判断题。结合第一段后半部分中的“then the time they’ll feel sleepy is in the classroom”以及“then it’s during the day they’re going to be taking a break”可推知，如果孩子们放学后上太多的课，白天他们就不容易集中精力学习。‎ 答案　D ‎6．What does Professor Claire McDermott think of children’s playing around?‎ A．It is productive.　　 B．It is a bad habit.‎ C．It is helpful.　　 D．It is a waste of time.‎ 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句的内容可知Claire McDermott教授认为孩子们玩耍是有益处的。‎ 答案　C ‎7．What is the main idea of this passage? ‎ A．Don’t be children’s drivers after school.‎ B．Let children learn something from various subjects.‎ C．Make your children learn as much as possible.‎ D．Choose activities for your children wisely.‎ 解析　主旨大意题。最后一段是对文章主题的归纳，结合本段后半部分的内容，尤其是倒数第二句可知本文意在倡导父母明智地为孩子选择活动。‎ 答案　D ‎ [三]‎ Are you the type of person who always says “yes”？I’ve come to learn that it is very important to learn to say “no”．It’s okay. People are still going to like you. They may even respect you more because they know you are honest.‎ I’m not saying to say “no” to someone who really needs your help. I’m talking about turning down that meeting that you really do not want to attend or that birthday party that you don’t want to be a guest at.‎ Think for a moment how you feel when you say “yes” to something that you really don’t want to do. If you’re like I once was，you can’t sleep at night and you think about it too much. It weighs on your mind. You try to find ways out. Whatever you’re saying to yourself，if you really wanted to go，you wouldn’t have all of these thoughts.‎ So，why not just say “no” from the beginning？Maybe you feel like if you don’t show up at the meeting (by the way，it is not one you must attend)，your boss isn’t going to like you or your coworkers won’t respect you. Maybe you feel as if your mom，dad or sisters won’t love you as much if you don’t do everything for them what they ask every occasion.‎ If these people are your true friends，family members，or a good boss，they will like or love you the same no matter what. People treat you the way you teach them to，and if you’re someone who always says “yes”，then that’s what they’re expecting.‎ You need to do what is right for you. Of course we do have real obligations in life to fulfill，but we do not have to do everything others want us to do.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　生活中，我们有义务完成应该做的事情，但是不必出于太多的顾虑，凡事惟命是从，要学会拒绝，学会说“不”。‎ ‎1．Which of the following statements would the writer agree with?‎ A．We should try to do what our friends ask us to do.‎ B．We should help others in need.‎ C．Always saying “yes” means you are dishonest.‎ D．Always saying “no” means you are brave.‎ 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句的内容可知，作者认为我们应该帮助需要帮助的人，故B项正确。‎ 答案　B ‎2．Generally speaking，we agree to do what we hate to do because we________.‎ A．have a bad habit 　　 B．have a kind heart C．have much concern 　　 D．have obligations 解析　推理判断题。结合第三段第二句中的“you think about it too much”以及本段后半部分的内容可推知，我们之所以同意做我们讨厌做的事情是因为我们有很多顾虑。‎ 答案　C ‎3．The writer believes that if you say “no” to your family members，you’ll________.‎ A．have the same relationship with them as before B．have a loose relationship with them C．disappoint them D．upset them 解析　 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句的内容可知，作者认为如果你对你的家人说“不”，他们与你之间的关系仍然会和以前一样。 ‎ 答案　A ‎4．What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．Learn to Make a Right Choice B．To Be Yourself C．Do What You Want to Do D．Learn to Say “No”‎ 解析　主旨大意题。文章第一段就开门见山地点明了本文的中心话题，即要学会说“不”，所以D项作为本文的标题最合适。‎ 答案　D ‎ [四]‎ Commuters (上下班往返的人) who drive to work will face a parking charge of up to ￡‎350 a year. Ministers are backing a workplace parking charge which will come into force in Nottingham in 2013 and is likely to be adopted across the country. The scheme will see firms with more than ten parking places for staff charged ￡‎350 a year for each space in two years.‎ Employers would be free to pass on the charge to their staff—meaning it would effectively be a tax on driving to work. The scheme aims to reduce traffic by preventing unnecessary car journeys and raise funds to improve public transport，but critics say it is just an excuse for councils to fill their coffers (金库)．‎ Some ten million Britons drive to work each day，and the British Chambers of Commerce says the new charge could total ￡3.4 billion a year if rolled out nationwide.‎ Already some firms in Nottingham have threatened to leave the city，where 40,000 commuters use their cars to get to work. A spokesman said the scheme was nothing more than a tax on jobs. “It is very unfair to discriminate against those employers who have parking spaces，which get vehicles off the streets，” he said. “And these charges apply around the clock，which is especially unfair on shift workers who rely on their cars because public transport is not available. This is more about increasing the government’s income than reducing traffic.”‎ However，Transport Minister Sadiq Khan gave the plan an official approval during a visit to Nottingham. The council says the tax will raise as much as ￡100 million over ten years—one fifth of the cost of ‎ a new transport system for the city.‎ Another transport spokesman Theresa Villiers said the tax would have a devastating impact on businesses struggling to cope with the economic decline.‎ But Richard Hebditch of the Campaign for Better Transport said the tax would raise money to invest in better transport. “We put forward the idea of workplace parking taxes as a fairer way to raise money to invest in the future local transport services. We are pleased that the people of Nottingham will be the first to benefit.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了Nottingham将出台政策对工作场所停车收费及由此引发的激烈讨论。‎ ‎1．Supporters argue that the scheme________.‎ A．can help improve the parking conditions for the staff B．should be applied to ail commuters driving to work C．is certain to be carried out despite the objections D．will relieve traffic pressure and improve public transport 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The scheme aims to reduce traffic by preventing unnecessary car journeys and raise funds to improve public transport，but critics say it is just an excuse for councils to fill their coffers (金库)．”可知，支持者认为这个方案能够缓解交通压力，改善公共交通。‎ 答案　D ‎2．According to the objectors，the scheme is unfair for________.‎ A．the firms with parking lots B．the workforce without cars C．the employees parking their cars on the streets D．the staff driving to work in the daytime 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的第三句可知，A项正确。‎ 答案　A ‎3．Which word can best describe Theresa Villiers’s attitude towards ‎ the scheme?‎ A．Neutral.　　　　　　 B．Negative.‎ C．Understanding.　　 D．Positive.‎ 解析　态度推断题。根据第六段内容可知，Theresa Villiers对这个方案持否定态度。‎ 答案　B ‎4．It can be inferred from the passage that________.‎ A．many firms are willing to pay the charges for their staff B．the public transport in Nottingham is in great need of improvement C．the author believes Britons will benefit from the scheme D．those firms with more commuters will leave Nottingham 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“The council says the tax will raise as much as ￡100 million over ten years—one fifth of the cost of a new transport system for the city.”以及最后一段内容可推知，Nottingham的公共交通急需改善。‎ 答案　B ‎ [五]‎ In white shirt，blue pants，black cloth shoes and two pigtails(辫子)，Jingqiu gives off an air of great “pure beauty” in Zhang Yimou's new movie Under the Hawthorn Tree.‎ The film tells the story of the sad romance of Jingqiuand a handsome young man named Laosan. Set at the end of the “cultural revolution”(1966～1976)，the pair managed to fall in love although they came from different political environments.‎ Before it was released，moviegoers speculated(推测)on just what this“pure beauty” could be. Director Zhang complained of how long it had taken him to find the right girl for the part of Jingqiu—a character so innocent that she believed simply lying on the same bed with a man would make her pregnant.‎ It was 18yearold Zhou Dongyu who stood out from the crowd. According to Zhang，Zhou had “eyes that are clear like a fountain on a mountainside”．Born of an ordinary worker's family，the Shijiazhuang girl was in her final year of high school and working hard for a place in an art college.‎ While some teenagers consider such“pure beauty”illusory(虚幻的)，others believe that it speaks of something soulful.‎ Purity is all about the innocence that shines through from within，thinks 16yearold Tan Mengxi of Nanjing.‎ ‎“Being pure can be simple，not having complicated thoughts and being inexperienced.However，it doesn't mean an ignorant or naive(天真的)person.So，a person is pure in his or her nature if he or she is always enthusiastic and able to deal with difficult matters independently.This purity doesn't pass with time，”she said.‎ ‎【语篇解读】 本文介绍了电影《山楂树之恋》引发的“纯美”大讨论。‎ ‎1．What image does Jingqiu give to audiences in the movie Under the Hawthorn Tree?‎ A．A simple girl B．A pure girl C．A romantic girl D．A silent girl 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“Jingiu gives off an air of great ‘pure beauty’ in Zhang Yimou's new movie Under the Hawthorn Tree.”可知。‎ 答案　B ‎2．What kind of girl looks pure according to the passage?‎ A．A girl in white shirt，blue pants，black cloth shoes and two pigtails.‎ B．A girl has eyes that are clear like a fountain on a mountainside.‎ C．A girl who was born into an ordinary worker's family.‎ D．A girl wears accessories and makeup.‎ 解析　细节理解题。第三段中讲到导演张艺谋抱怨很难找到这么纯的女孩，第四段中说周冬雨脱颖而出，从张对周冬雨的描述可知B答案正确。‎ 答案　B ‎3．What's the opinion of Tan Mengxi about purity?‎ A．It is of whether someone is ignorant or naive.‎ B．Being pure can be simple，not having complicated thoughts and being inexperienced.‎ C．It is of whether someone is always enthusiastic.‎ ‎ D．Purity is a matter of internal quality and doesn't pass with time.‎ 解析　推理判断题。从最后两段可知此答案，A、B、C是这种内在品质的外在表现。核心内容是“purity is all about the innocence that shines through from within”以及“This purity doesn't pass with time.”故选D项。‎ 答案　D ‎4．Which do you think is the best title for the passage?‎ A．What makes a pure girl?‎ B．A debate on the movie Under the Hawthorn Tree C．Opinions on the character Jingqiu D．It's hard to find the character Jingqiu 解析　主旨大意题。本文从电影中静秋这个角色给观众的印象展开，到后面人们对这个角色的评论，讲的是电影《山楂树之恋》引发的“纯美”大讨论。‎ 答案　A ‎ [六]‎ Actually we have known a lot of examples and meaningful words to support the fact that we should try our best to ease the bad impression of others. Just like the old saying goes, we should give a better assumption to the one than we think he was. But many of us always fail to do this.‎ Take the situation of my class for example. Right at the beginning of the first semester when we were freshmen we all showed great favor ‎ to each other. And when there was an activity that needed some people to join, we would be willing to attend whether it was interesting or not. And we were really like brothers and sisters, and our class was just like a family, a warm family. But now, I feel tired of those meaningless activities not only because of the boring activities themselves but also the cool response of our classmates.‎ I think the reasons why the passion of most classmates is so low may be as follows：‎ To start with, many of us take part in more than one organization, which will certainly make us tired. Also, in the study fields, many of us may find that our courses are sometimes difficult to understand or comprehend, especially the specialized subjects.‎ Moreover，“history” teaches us that if one does not study hard, it is possible to fail in the exams. So it is a big and good excuse to say that “I do really want to attend, but I have a lot of homework to do, so...”．‎ Last but not least, some people believe that some of our leaders should not be regarded as a leader, maybe I should say we, as leaders, lost the reputation, support and trust of yours. At least I am the warmhearted one, although I cannot promise you that your advice will be adopted surely, at least I will spare no effort to “give” you the right to be heard, and to serve you.‎ Be active to show your talents and abilities and to create a better image of our class. Most important of all, work pains takingly for a better condition that we should have reached.‎ ‎【语篇解读】 昔日热衷于参加各类活动的雀跃而又温馨的场面已成为美好的回忆，如今取而代之的是冷漠。创建优秀的班集体需要全体学生的共同努力，班干部要起好带头作用。‎ ‎1．At the beginning of the first semester the students were________each other.‎ A．quite curious about B．active and kind to C．full of sympathy to D．specially tired of 解析　细节理解题。结合第二段第二、三、四句的内容可知，学生在第一学期开始的时候非常活跃，并且彼此之间非常友好。‎ 答案　B ‎2．Now the students are unwilling to get involved in the activities because they are________.‎ A．not easy to organize B．costing too much time C．difficult to comprehend D．meaningless and boring 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句的内容可知，现在学生不愿参加各种活动的原因是这些活动既没有意义又枯燥乏味。‎ 答案　D ‎3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A．Students' passion for activities was high at first but weakened gradually.‎ B．Students' passion for activities grew gradually because they were interesting.‎ C．Students were too busy to take part in activities after their classes.‎ D．Students were unwilling to participate in activities because of their leaders.‎ 解析　推理判断题。第二段提到新生在第一学期开始的时候热衷于各种各样的活动，而现在已对这些活动毫无兴趣，由此可推断学生对活动的热情度起初很高，但是后来逐渐减弱了。‎ 答案　A ‎4．We can infer from the passage that the writer must be________.‎ A．a supporter of activities B．a responsible teacher C．a top student in class D．a devoted class leader 解析　推理判断题。结合倒数第二段前半部分中的“...maybe I should say we，as ‎ leaders...”以及本段后半部分的内容可推知，作者是一位忠诚的班干部。‎ 答案　D ‎ [七]‎ Most people watching Jeremy Lin these past two months saw Jeremy Lin，New York Knicks star；but I，watching him，saw someone else. That was my elder brother，Bob，who is athletic and energetic. He could never sit still when he was in second grade；he had to get up every now and then and run around the room. And sure enough，he grew up to be a starting player for an NCAA championship lacrosse (长曲棍球) team. He was a Nikeendorsed marathoner，too，and reached the top of Mt. Everest，unguided，in his 50s.‎ And yet my family never watched his lacrosse games. We did watch some of his marathons，but that wasn’t until he was in his 20s.When Bob was in his glory days，our Shanghainese born parents were bent on getting him into medical school. There was a loving aspect to it：I can remember my father working through math books with him，lesson by lesson，at the big blackboard in the attic .Bob never did become a doctor，though；and neither did I．It wasn’t until my younger sister came along that someone in the family finally wore a white coat.‎ Bob today could be the fittest 58yearold on the planet. His doctor estimates his biological age at 35；he’s still big mountains in the Himalayas. And，like Jeremy Lin，he’s charming. No one sees Bob without leaving with a laugh. He sometimes jokes he could be mayor of his building，and it’s true. To know him is to cheer for him.‎ And yet my parents did not cheer for him. What if my mother had sat on the sidelines with her statistics，like Jeremy Lin’s mother？What if my father had played videos of athletes for my brother to watch and imitate？It’s hard not to wonder.‎ And how did Jeremy Lin’s parents manage to do these remarkable things？Amy Chua，the tiger mother，recalls her immigrant father beating the ‎ ‎ kids whenever they mispronounced a Chinese word. How is it that Jeremy Lin’s immigrant father in particular，GieMing Lin，encouraged his son to follow such an untraditional path?‎ ‎【语篇解读】　林书豪的成功，使人们开始反思什么是最合适的教育方式。家长是应该把自己的意愿强加给孩子还是发挥孩子的特长呢？‎ ‎5. Bob’s glory days were those________.‎ A．when he was doing well in math ‎ B．when he was in second grade C．when he was made mayor of his building ‎ D．when he showed his talents in sports 解析　推理判断题。根据文章一、二两段内容可知，鲍勃20多岁时在体育方面的表现很优秀，由此可推知，鲍勃最辉煌的时期应是他在体育运动中展现他的特长时。‎ 答案　D ‎6．From the passage we can tell that Bob is________.‎ A．active and optimistic B．clever and determined C．brave and helpful D．considerate and independent 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的第三、四、五句内容可知，鲍勃积极、乐观，故A项当选。‎ 答案　A ‎7．Which of the following statements is probably TRUE?‎ A．Bob was always ignored by his parents.‎ B．Bob could also have been a sport star.‎ C．Bob’s parents often watched his games.‎ D．Nobody in the author’s family was a doctor.‎ 解析　正误判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知，鲍勃曾经在体育方面的表现非常优秀，多次获奖，若能坚持下去，他也许会成为一名体育明星，故B项正确。‎ 答案　B ‎8．From the last two paragraphs we can infer that________.‎ A．parents should always study together with their children B．parents should know how to educate their children properly C．children should be punished when they do anything wrong D．children should try to live up to the hopes of their parents 解析　推理判断题。在文章最后两段中，作者用反问句暗示出家长应该给孩子正确的教育，而不是强迫他们做这做那。‎ 答案　B ‎ [八]‎ Does stress cause gray hair？Many people believe that tension and stress can cause your hair to lose its color. In fact，it is an_old_wives’_tale that being upset all the time can result in premature graying. Here is a closer look at this situation and why some believe that this old wives’ tale could be true.‎ As one ages，the hairs on the head also age. In fact，just about everything on the human body begins to show signs of wear and tear after a while. The joints wear and become stiff and skin wears and becomes wrinkled. Hairs on the head grow and eventually die. They are replaced，but in the process something else happens.‎ When new hairs are replaced，the color or pigment (色素) is also added to them. However，as one ages，this pigment becomes less and less available. At first，hairs will have a limited amount of pigment and they will appear to be grayish in color. In time，they will lose all of their pigment and will be white. Many things are known to cause graying，and genetics is a very powerful factor. If one of your parents turns gray at an early age，there is a good chance that you will too. Some people begin the graying process in high school，while others may be over the age of forty.‎ Constant worry and tension can have many harmful effects on the human body. It is a known fact that stressful times can cause one to suffer hair loss. It would make sense that if it can cause these problems，perhaps it also may contribute to graying. However，there is no sound evidence to support this.‎ On the other hand，many medical professionals believe that there may be a link between graying and a constant state of anxiety or tension. Does stress cause gray hair？There is no scientific evidence to support the theory，but it is best to avoid stressful situations.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　压力会导致头发变白吗？许多人相信情况是这样的。本文从年龄和基因两方面谈了头发变白的原因，持续的压力和忧虑对于身体是有害的，可导致脱发。但是，究竟压力和头发变白之间是否有联系，目前尚无定论。‎ ‎1．The underlined phrase in the first paragraph most probably means________.‎ A．clever remarks　　　 B．silly remarks C．exciting remarks 　　 D．disappointed remarks 解析　词义猜测题。画线短语前面提到“Many people believe that tension and stress can cause your hair to lose its color”，即许多人相信紧张和压力导致头发褪色变白。短文接着谈到“In fact，it is...”，这是推测画线词意思的关键。因此an old wives’ tale意为“无稽之谈”。‎ 答案　B ‎2．The second paragraph mainly tells us________.‎ A．every part of body is replaced with age B．hairs will grow weak but not die C．skin becomes wrinkled with age ‎ D．every part of body ages with age 解析　主旨大意题。第二段第一句话是该段的主题句。从中可以看出，人体的每一部分都会随着年龄的增长而衰老。‎ 答案　D ‎3．What might play the most important role in the graying process?‎ A．Genetics and the amount of sleeping time.‎ B．The amount of food people eat and living environment.‎ C．The amount of pigment and genetics.‎ D．Genetics and the amount of water people drink 解析　细节理解题。本文第三段提到“At first，hairs will have a limited amount of pigment and they will appear to be grayish in color.In time，they will lose all of their pigment and will be white.Many things are known to cause graying，and genetics is a very powerful factor.”由此可以看出，色素和基因在头发变白的过程中起着重要的作用。‎ 答案　C ‎4．According to the passage，continuous pressure may result in________.‎ A．a person’s fatness 　　 B．a person’s fitness C．a person’s weight loss 　　 D．a person’s hair loss 解析　细节理解题。本文倒数第二段提到“Constant worry and tension can have many harmful effects on the human body.It is a known fact that stressful times can cause one to suffer hair loss”。由此可知，持续的压力会导致脱发。‎ 答案　D ‎5．From the passage we can infer that________.‎ A．stress causing gray hair is still in question B．gray hair has nothing to do with tension C．stressful situations can be of benefit D．sound evidence has been found 解析　推理判断题。本文倒数第二段最后提到“However，there is no sound evidence to support this.”最后一段也提到“There is no scientific evidence to support the theory...”。由此可知，是否压力会引起头发变白仍无定论。‎ 答案　A ‎ [九]‎ Former Irish President Mary Robinson was just making a polite conversation with an Ethiopian (埃塞俄比亚的) teenager about her wedding day. The 16yearold had already been married for a year. “She looked at me with the saddest eyes and said，‘I had to drop out of school，’ ” Robinson said in a telephone interview. “That conveyed to me the reality，” said Robinson，the first woman to serve as Ireland’s president and former U．N. High Commissioner for Human Rights. “Her life，as far as she is concerned，had more or less ended.”‎ Robinson said keeping girls in school was one of the most important things policymakers could do to address the coming challenges of an everincreasing population，predicted by the United Nations to reach 7 billion soon. “European countries are concerned about aging populations，but this is much less of an issue than the huge number of people which we are going to see over the next 40 years when the population goes from 7 billion to 9 billion，”she said. “Almost all of that increase will be in poor developing countries，so that we have a very big challenge.”‎ Family planning experts worry in particular about the future population explosion in SubSaharan Africa. In May，the United Nations projected the world population would reach 9.3 billion in 2050 and 10.1 billion by 2100.Much of that growth will come from Africa，where the population is growing at 2.3 percent a year—more than double Asia’s 1 percent growth rate. If that rate stays consistent，which is not certain，Africa’s population will reach 3.6 billion by 2100 from the present 1 billion.‎ Joel Cohen，a professor of population studies at Rockefeller University and Columbia University in New York，said universal secondary education offered a way to reduce population in high birth rate regions. In addition to providing information about birth control，a secondary education teaches women to reduce their own ‎ fertility，improve the health of their children and allows them to move from a mindset of having many children in the hope that some will survive to improve the quality of each child’s life，Cohen wrote in the journal Nature.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　人口的快速增长困扰着世界。有关人士指出，控制人口快速增长的一种方式就是提高女性的受教育水平，进而改变人们头脑中固有的传统生育观念。‎ ‎1．In the first paragraph，the author introduces his topic by________.‎ A．giving an example B．explaining the author’s opinions C．describing the poor education system D．coming straight to the topic 解析　篇章结构题。在本段中，作者以爱尔兰前总统Mary Robinson与埃塞俄比亚的一位已婚少女的交谈为例引入话题，所以A项正确。‎ 答案　A ‎2．What can we learn from the passage?‎ A．Robinson is happy after talking to the Ethiopian girl.‎ B．Robinson is a successful expert in population studies.‎ C．Robinson is worried about the population growth.‎ D．Robinson encourages female education.‎ 解析　推理判断题。第二段引号中的内容提到“欧洲国家担心出现人口老龄化问题，但与人口快速增长相比，这算不了什么。几乎所有的人口增长都发生在发展中国家，这将是一个巨大的挑战。”由此可推断她担心的是人口增长问题。‎ 答案　C ‎3．What is Joel Cohen’s view about secondary education?‎ A．It provides basic knowledge of heahh.‎ B．It reduces aging population.‎ C．It makes people pay more attention to education.‎ D．It can change people’s parenting ideas.‎ 解析　推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可知，Joel ‎ Cohen在《自然》杂志中写到中学教育可以改变人们的育儿理念。‎ 答案　D ‎4．According to the passage，the most important way to control high population growth is_____.‎ A．let girls go away from Africa B．keep girls in school C．let young girls remain single D．keep girls in families 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句前半部分中的内容可知，控制人口快速增长的最重要的方式之一是让女孩儿上学。‎ 答案　B ‎ [十]‎ There are probably no people on Earth who like to gossip (说闲话) as much as the British. If prying into other’s lives were an Olympic sport，then Team GB would surely take the gold medal.‎ And when the British can’t watch the lives of real people with glee，they have another source of entertainment to fall back on—the soap opera. British soap operas are very different to US TV dramas. For one，they are normally longer running. The two most popular，Coronation Street and Eastenders，have been running for 48 and 24 years respectively. Both are broadcast several times a week，so remarkably there have been more than 7,000 episodes of Coronation Street.‎ The most obvious difference is that，unlike US dramas，the British soap operas focus on the real world. There is little glamour，the stars are rarely rich，and they normally have boring jobs. Perhaps the appeal is that the lives of the characters often mirror the lives of the audience—but with some drama added. This means the viewer can relate to the characters and feel the pain and happiness they go through on the show.‎ Because these soap operas last for decades，the cast is ever ‎ changing. The shows rarely focus on one or two main characters. Like the real world，people come and go all the time. However，there are exceptions. Coronation Street’s William Roach,76，has played the role of Ken Barlow since the very first episode of the show in 1960，and he is still a regular.‎ The choice of which soap opera you follow is often cultural：People from the north of British tend to watch Coronation Street as it is set in Manchester. People from the south generally prefer Eastenders，which is set in the east of London. The show is generally considered grittier and is aimed at a younger audience.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了什么是英国的肥皂剧、英国肥皂剧与美国电视剧的区别、英国肥皂剧的主要特点以及英国人喜欢看英国肥皂剧的主要原因。‎ ‎1．What does this passage mainly talk about?‎ A．British people like to know things about other people.‎ B．British team can get Olympic gold medals.‎ C．What is British soap opera.‎ D．People in the north like different things from the people in the south.‎ 解析　主旨大意题。文章的第二段的第一句话是全文的中心句，全文都是围绕英国的“soap opera”展开叙述的，告诉读者什么是英国的肥皂剧。C项符合文章大意，故答案选C。‎ 答案　C ‎2．What is the main difference between American dramas and British soap operas?‎ A．American dramas are longer.‎ B．British soap operas are longer.‎ C．American dramas deal with dangerous things.‎ D．British soap operas deal with real people.‎ 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第一句话可知，英国肥皂剧与美国电视剧最大的不同在于英国肥皂剧关注的是现实世界。D项最符合文意，故答案选D。‎ 答案　D ‎3．Why do British people like to watch such operas?‎ A．They can find their own life from the operas.‎ B．They can enjoy the operas in their free time.‎ C．They can watch the operas for many years.‎ D．They care about the fate of the characters in the operas.‎ 解析　 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第三、四句话可知，英国人喜欢看这种肥皂剧主要是因为剧中角色的生活反映了他们自己的生活，他们可以从剧中感受到痛苦和幸福。A项最符合文意，故答案选A。‎ 答案　A ‎4．The underlined word “episodes” in the 2nd paragraph probably means________.‎ A．plays　　 B．pages　　　‎ C．issues　　 D．parts 解析　词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，“episode”应该意为“(电视连续剧的)一集”。故D项与画线词的意思最接近。‎ 答案　D ‎5．One characteristic of British operas is that________.‎ A．the characters play the same role for a long time B．the characters in the play often change C．people don’t know what will happen next D．there is only one or two characters in them 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段的第一句话可知，因为英国的这些肥皂剧要持续好几十年，所以剧中的演员阵容(the cast)经常发生变化。可见，英国肥皂剧的一个特点就是剧中的角色经常改变。‎ 答案　B