【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型模拟试题10篇训练之一（21页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型模拟试题10篇训练之一（21页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型模拟试题10篇训练之一 ‎[一]‎ Are you content with the shape of your nose? If not, the climate may be to blame, not your parents.‎ According to a recent study carried out by scientists from Pennsylvania State University, US, climate played a key role in shaping our noses.The findings were based on an examination of the size and shape of noses of 476 people from four regions — West Africa, East Asia, South Asia and Northern Europe, using 3D facial imaging technology.‎ ‎“People have thought for a long time the difference in nose shape among humans across the world may have arisen as a result of natural selection because of climate，” Arslan Zaidi, one of the lead authors of the study, told The Guardian.But while previous studies were based on measurements from human skulls, Zaidi and his team looked at nose shape itself.‎ The result showed that wider noses are more common in warm and humid climate, while narrower noses are more common in cold and dry climate.That, Zaidi said, could be because narrower nasal passages help to increase the moisture (潮湿) content of air and warm it, which is easier on our lungs.This, in turn, led to a gradual decrease in nose width in populations living far away from the equator.‎ More studies are still needed to test the link between climate and nose shape, but Zaidi believes the current findings are valuable in understanding potential health issues.“As we become more of a global community, we are going to come across climate that we do not adapt to，” he told The Guardian.This means moving to a very different climate might increase the risk of breathing problems.‎ However, he added, “This may not be necessarily true for various reasons such as of modern medicine and the fact that our current climate is very different from what it used to be.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。研究表明人的鼻子的形状不只是由父母决定的，而且会受到生活地区气候的影响。‎ ‎32．From the passage we know most people from Singapore have noses.‎ A．wider B．narrower C．smaller D．larger 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，居住在温暖潮湿环境中的人的鼻子普遍更宽，而居住在寒冷干燥环境中的人的鼻子普遍更窄，又因新加坡在温暖湿润地区，故大部分新加坡人应该有着较宽的鼻子。‎ ‎33．Narrower noses are helpful to .‎ A．cool the air B．warm the air C．take in more oxygen D．dry the air 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“That, Zaidi said, could be because narrower nasal passages help to increase the moisture (潮湿) content of air and warm it, which is easier on our lungs.”可知狭窄的鼻孔能温暖进入鼻孔的空气。‎ ‎34．What can be learned about the study?‎ A．Zaidi’s team measured human skulls using 3D technology.‎ B．The shape of our noses is determined by our parents.‎ C．Nose shape helps people adapt to the environment.‎ D．It’s certain that people will suffer from more breathing problems.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后两句“That, Zaidi said, could be because narrower nasal passages ...to a gradual decrease in nose width in populations living far away from the equator.”可知鼻子的形状会慢慢改变来适应气候，故C项正确。‎ ‎35．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．What factors shape noses?‎ B．How to make your nose attractive?‎ C．Nose shape causes breathing problems D．Climate shapes noses 解析：选D　标题归纳题。根据全文，特别是从第一、二段的研究结果“the climate may be to blame, not your parents”“They found that climate played a key role in shaping our noses.”可知D项最恰当，即气候影响鼻子的形状。‎ ‎[三]‎ When I was in elementary school my parents would give me a dollar if I received an A in “Behavior” on our quarterly report cards.They didn’t pay for good academic grades, although it was clear that they expected my very best effort.If that best effort resulted in a B instead of an A in a particular subject, that was OK.But anything less than an A in Behavior was inexcusable.‎ When I became a parent, I thought about this practice a lot, particularly around the arrival of my kids’ report cards.Never completely understanding my parents’ practice and feeling funny about rewarding good behavior with cash, I decided not to pay my kids for good conduct or for good academic grades.But results of a recent study from the Harvard Graduate School of Education made me think harder about what, exactly, my parents may have been trying to accomplish.‎ Surprisingly, according to the study, more than 80% of the 10,000 students surveyed ranked achievement or personal happiness over kindness.Yet, in the same study, 96% of parents indicated that it’s important for their children to have a strong moral compass.‎ The researchers in this study call this a rhetoric/reality gap (差距) — a gap between what adults say and what they do.And it sends, at the very least, a mixed message to kids about our core (核心) values.Kindness matters.It matters globally, as a healthy society needs people who care about the needs of others.And it matters to each of us personally.People can’t be truly happy if they are cruel.‎ So how can we let kids know that doing well in school matters but so does being a person of good character？I think that’s what my parents were trying to help me understand.My report card probably had a dozen letter grades measuring scholastic achievement, but only one for conduct.Pulling a dollar out of his wallet every grading period may have been my father’s way of balancing the scale (天平) — making sure that the one important grade buried on the back of the report got its due.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者在看完一项研究的结果后深入思考，最终意识到了父母当年奖励自己的品行的良苦用心。‎ ‎9．What did the author’s parents reward with money?‎ A．Good conduct.‎ B．Personal happiness.‎ C．Academic progress.‎ D．High academic grades.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段中的“my parents would give me a dollar if I received an A in ‘Behavior’”可知，作者的父母用钱奖励作者良好的品行。A项中的conduct“举止，表现”与文中的“Behavior”为同义转换，故选A。‎ ‎ ★10.What can be inferred about the rhetoric/reality gap?‎ A．It is caused by kids.‎ B．It is bad for society.‎ C．It is quite expectable.‎ D．It is good for individuals.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。由第三、四段可知，该差距指很多父母口头上说道德很重要，但他们的行为让孩子们觉得成就或个人的幸福比道德更重要。再由第四段后半部分可知，道德对于社会和个人都非常重要。据此可推断，该差距对社会不利。‎ ‎★11.What does the author think of his report card?‎ A．It helped promote core values.‎ B．It ignored students’ social behavior.‎ C．It should attach more importance to conduct.‎ D．It was well balanced between grades and behavior.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“My report card probably had a dozen letter grades measuring scholastic achievement, but only one for conduct ...got its due.”可知，作者的成绩报告单过分重视学业成绩，虽也包括品行的部分，但是显得微不足道。作者的父母奖励好的品行正是为了弥补这一不足。据此可推断，作者认为成绩报告单应该给予学生的品行更多的重视。‎ ‎[四]‎ Studies have shown a direct link between goals and improved performance in both sports and business.Earl Nightingale put it this way, “People with goals succeed because they know where they are going.It’s as simple as that.”‎ Dr.Maxwell Maltz, author of the classic PsychoCybernetics, said that human beings have a builtin goal seeking “success mechanism (机制)” that is part of the subconscious (潜意识的) mind.This success mechanism is constantly searching for ways to help us reach our targets and find answers to our problems.According to Maltz, we feel better when our success mechanism keeps going after clear targets.All we have to do to use this mechanism is give it a target.‎ One important reason goal setters achieve such outstanding results is that they have learned how to focus and concentrate their time, energy and resources (资源) on a single goal, even though it is just for a few hours at a time.One major time management challenge we are facing today is that there are more things available for us to do than anyone could possibly attempt, let alone accomplish, in an entire lifetime.If we are not careful, it is very easy to waste our time on unimportant things.‎ Most significant accomplishments are accompanied with difficulties, struggles and failures.Thomas Edison failed over one thousand times ‎ before he finally discovered a way to make the light bulb work.It is very rare for something important to be accomplished successfully on the very first try.If you want to achieve anything significant, it is likely that you will struggle and fail many times before you finally reach your target.One of the main reasons why people give up so easily in the face of failure is that they lose sight of their “why”．Goals can help you remember your “big why” when you need to pick yourself up and keep going in the face of difficult situations.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。要想成功，我们要树立目标，并全身心地投入到这一件事情上，心中有目标就不会轻言放弃。‎ ‎12．What can we learn from Earl Nightingale’s and Dr.Maxwell Maltz’s words?‎ A．It’s important to succeed in life.‎ B．It’s extremely easy to achieve aims.‎ C．It’s greatly significant to set goals.‎ D．It’s common to make accomplishments.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章前两段的内容可知，Earl Nightingale和Dr.Maxwell Maltz所说的话都表明了设立目标的重要性，心中有目标才能成功。‎ ‎13．What’s important in achieving success according to Paragraph 3?‎ A．Setting a realistic target.‎ B．Concentrating on your aim.‎ C．Managing your time properly.‎ D．Making the most of your resources.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“One important reason goal setters achieve ...a few hours at a time.”可知，集中所有精力于你的目标上，就会有一个好的结果。‎ ‎14．What can we conclude from the last paragraph?‎ A．Goals can prevent us giving up easily.‎ B．Goals mean achieving more than others.‎ C．Goals get rid of doubts about what we do.‎ D．Goals lead to more difficulties or failures.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“One of the main reasons why people give up so easily in the face of failure is that they lose sight of their ‘why’．”可知，树立目标可以防止我们轻易放弃。‎ ‎15．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．How to set goals?‎ B．How can we succeed?‎ C．Why should we set goals?‎ D．Why should we keep going?‎ 解析：选C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章论述了设立目标的重要性以及益处，告诉我们为什么要树立目标，故C项为最佳标题。‎ ‎[五]‎ Music expresses that which cannot be put into words and that which cannot remain silent.‎ ‎— Victor Hugo There is certainly no denying (否定) that while a holiday or trip to another country leaves you with a sense of excitement, moving to another country is something entirely different.Speaking from experience, one of the most worrying questions that play on everyone’s mind is always: how will I make friends? And it becomes even more terrible when a foreign language is thrown into the mix.‎ It is a longknown fact that music creates bonds.For a good reason, many people have fallen in love or built lifelong friendships based on mutual (共同的) appreciation for a band.No matter who you are, or where you come from, everyone listens to music in some way.‎ So: you’ve met people, you’re making friends, but you’ve only just overcome the “small talk” stages of these friendships.The next bit ‎ can sometimes be tricky.But, I always find, as soon as someone breaks the ice with the ageold question “What type of music do you listen to？” the language barriers seem to fall away.Music is something that everyone can speak excitedly about.‎ Music is one of the most important forms of selfexpression and individuality (个性), but, above all, it is a means of communication.Let’s also not forget the sense of pride you feel when you introduce someone to a new song that they like.Music is a universal language that everyone can understand.Whether you’re playing, singing or just listening, your mother tongue and cultural background become unimportant; so if you’re ever at a loss for something to say, say it with music.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。音乐可以突破语言的限制，有助于人们在异域他乡的生活、工作和交际。‎ ‎8．What may make people who move to another country worried?‎ A．Their foreign language is poor.‎ B．They have no good friends there.‎ C．They have no travelling experience.‎ D．Their trip cannot make them excited.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段的“And it becomes even more terrible when a foreign language is thrown into the mix.”可知，语言的不熟悉会让去另一个国家的人感到担忧。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined part “good reason” refer to?‎ A．The bond. B．The love for music.‎ C．The longknown fact. D．The appreciation for a band.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第二段的第一句和画线词所在句中的“a band”可知，对音乐的热爱是此处提到的原因。‎ ‎10．Why does the author mention the ageold question?‎ A．To explain how to break the ice.‎ B．To teach us a good way to make friends.‎ C．To show music can help people communicate.‎ D．To prove it’s hard to cross the language barriers.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。文中第三段提到了一个问题，根据该段第一句和下文“the language barriers seem to fall away”可知，作者的目的是为了说明音乐能够帮助人们交流。‎ ‎11．What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A．Music always makes people feel proud.‎ B．Music is different from the mother tongue.‎ C．Music can help people express themselves better.‎ D．Music is more important than the cultural background.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Whether you’re playing, singing or just listening, your mother tongue and cultural background become unimportant; so if you’re ever at a loss for something to say, say it with music.”可知，音乐有助于更好地表达个人的思想。‎ ‎[六]‎ Chances are that you’ve had to apologize plenty of times in your life.And there’s a good chance that you’ve also expressed the phrase, “I never meant to hurt you.”‎ ‎“Stop doing that，” says author Caroline Myss.‎ In a talk, Myss — a spiritual researcher — took on the topic of forgiveness and healing, and explained definitely why “I never meant to hurt you” is never a sufficient apology, no matter who it comes from.‎ ‎“Picture that person coming up to you and saying, ‘Wow, I’m sorry I did this, but, you know, I never meant to hurt you. And, hey, can we just call it a day？’” Myss says.‎ Though it can make the two bury the hatchet and keep friendship, that type of apology won’t sit well with the person on the receiving end. “That whole little thing — ‘I never meant to hurt you’ — that’s the thing you can’t forgive，” she says.“It goes right to your soul, that toxic (有毒的) and sick feeling.”‎ Instead, Myss says it’s important to approach the conversation differently.Basically, it’s about offering more than an apology.It’s about sharing a soultosoul confession (忏悔)．“Let’s redo the scene，” Myss says. “The person comes up to you and says ...’I need to tell you something.I consciously knew what I was doing.I know I went against you.This is not an apology.I am confessing my soul to you, and I’m asking now for your forgiveness.’” ‎ Even saying those words on stages makes Myss visibly emotional, and she points out that this is how deeply apologies within the soul are supposed to resonate (引起共鸣)．‎ ‎“That’s what heals，” she says.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。每个人在道歉的时候都会说“我从没想过要伤害你”。专家认为这不是有效的诚恳的道歉方式，真正的道歉应该用别的方式，把重点放在你做的错事上，发自心灵地进行忏悔。‎ ‎8．What does Myss think of the expression “I never meant to hurt you”？‎ A．It must put the friendship to an end.‎ B．It is a great way to express an apology.‎ C．It doesn’t have any effect on restoring the relation.‎ D．It can’t express an apology thoroughly and sincerely.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段以及第五段第一句“Though it can make ...the person on the receiving end.”可知，卡罗琳·米斯明确地表示这句话绝不是一种彻底的最终能被人接受的道歉方式。由此可推测，她认为这句话不能彻底、诚恳地表达歉意。故选D项。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined phrase “bury the hatchet” mean? ‎ A．end the friendship B．make up C．bury the fighting tool D．accept the apology 解析：选B　词义猜测题。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列成分，根据and后的“keep friendship”以及句首的Though可以推断，此处应指双方和解。由此可猜测，bury the hatchet的意思是“和解”，与make up意思相近。故选B项。‎ ‎10．How should we apologize according to Myss?‎ A．We should confess our faults and ask for forgiveness.‎ B．We should say sincerely “I never meant to hurt you”．‎ C．We can go into a deep conversation to argue with our friend.‎ D．We are supposed to make up with the other by giving some gifts to him.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“The person comes up to you and says ...for your forgiveness.’”可知，米斯认为道歉应该是坦白自己的错误，向对方作出忏悔，请求对方的原谅。故选A项。‎ ‎11．What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?‎ A．To encourage people to apologize first.‎ B．To tell people how to apologize sincerely.‎ C．To introduce the topic of forgiveness and healing.‎ D．To explain why people can’t say “I never meant to hurt you”．‎ 解析：选B　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文通过引用专家的话告诉读者，真正的道歉不是一句“我从没打算伤害你”，而是坦白自己的错误，向对方真诚地忏悔，然后请求对方的原谅。由此可推测，作者的目的是告诉读者如何真诚地道歉。故选B项。‎ ‎[七]‎ In the book I’ve been reading lately, On Living by Kerry Egan, she shares so many powerful stories — each story a parting gift from a hospice (救济院) patient who never knew when a newly arriving day might be their last.‎ What a profound (深刻的) way to live! In a sense, I guess we all live that way, each and every day.But as I read this book, I get the feeling that only hospice patients really know this.Sometimes I realize it, like when I am faced with a choice to work more to earn more money or to go to spend the day with a loved one and earn no ‎ money.On the one hand, money, income, rent.On the other hand, love, connection, moments that make life feel like worth living for.‎ Near the end of On Living, Egan shares a story about a patient she calls Linda.Events from decades past were preserved in her mind like precious heirlooms (传家宝), but a new face could be forgotten in as little time as it took to leave the room and return again.‎ Linda said that she spent her days trying to be caring.She shared: We shower so much love on babies and children.But as we grow up, it stops.No one showers love on grownups.Life gets harder, not easier, but we stop loving each other so much, just when we need love most.She then went on to say: One day, when I was lying here, I realized how old God is.He is so old.He must need so much love.People are always demanding so much from him, but who is there to shower him with love? So I thought that was something I could do.That’s what I do all day: I try to love God ...I can lie here and love God and maybe it will help him.‎ This is the kind of story that I find impossibly inspiring and provides great impetus for me to make a change.Luckily, I read it on one of the former days and it made me realize that there is always a way to help.There is always something we can do.We don’t have to be brave, ablebodied or even of particularly sound (健全的) mind to contribute to the good.We can be caring.We can love.We can be the very love that we need.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者从读到的一本书中感悟到：生命是短暂而珍贵的。孩子需要关爱，老人更需要关爱。我们每个人都应该充满爱心，让人人都生活在充满爱的世界里。‎ ‎12．According to the author, most people .‎ A．give up love to earn income or money ‎ B．seldom go to care for hospice patients C．are faced with a very difficult choice in life ‎ D．ignore the fact that life is short and precious 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段及第二段中的“In a ‎ sense ...patients really know this.”可知，救济院的病人不知道过了今天还有没有明天，从某种意义上说，作者认为我们每天都应该那么过。但当读了On Living这本书时，作者觉得只有救济院的病人才真正知道这一点。由此可推知，作者认为大多数人忽视了生命是短暂而珍贵的这一事实。‎ ‎13．Linda talked about God to indicate that .‎ A．all people should love God B．God teaches us to love all people C．the older one is, the more he/she needs love D．only hospice patients know they should love God 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，琳达说人们把爱都给了孩子，而不是给成人。实际上成人会面对更多的困难，但却得不到关爱。琳达意识到上帝老了，她要尽力去关爱他。由此可推知，琳达谈到上帝是暗示人越老越需要关爱。‎ ‎14．What does the underlined word “impetus” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A．Convenience. B．Motivation. ‎ C．Chances. D．Suggestions.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据上文“This is the kind of story that I find impossibly inspiring”可知，作者认为琳达的故事能够难以置信地启发人的灵感，这给了她极大的动力去做出改变。impetus意为“动力”。‎ ‎15．What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph?‎ A．Kindness is always the strongest power.‎ B．We can make a great difference to others.‎ C．We should be brave enough to love others.‎ D．Whatever kind of person we are, we can be caring.‎ 解析：选D　段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者通过琳达的故事意识到我们总是可以用某种方式去帮助别人，总是可以去做一些事情。我们不必非得勇敢、有强壮的身体甚至有特别健全的头脑才能做善事。我们可以充满爱心，能够付出我们的爱。由此可知，作者在最后一段想告诉我们：无论我们是什么样的人，我们都可以充满爱心。‎ ‎[八]‎ Life can sometimes go haywire rather like the feeling you get when you’ve lost control of your moving car.It’s a feeling of complete helplessness and panic that makes us feel overwhelmed (被压垮的)．‎ In most cases, there is a difference between our expectations and reality.The greater the difference, the greater the feeling is of being overwhelmed.This difference is often created when our expectations are too demanding or when reality changes in a way we did not expect.Think of the weather ruining your carefully made travel plans to get across the state.Think of that illness that made you stay in bed.While we may be feeling overwhelmed with everything going on in our lives right now, there are some steps we can take to regain a sense of control of our lives.‎ We all know we should control our emotion properly and we can be affected greatly when we are overwhelmed, but feeling overwhelmed is part of life.When we’re feeling overwhelmed, it only means we are living, breathing human beings.For life is like a roller coaster ride with its ups, downs and turns.It’s also like the season with its alternating periods of relative calm and periods of varying degrees of stress and anxiety.Sometimes we forget this.‎ No matter how much we try, we may not be able to control reality.But we can adjust our expectations to match reality.This may mean revising our goals and tasks or quitting projects.It may feel like failure in the moment, like giving up, but this ability is an opportunity to create success in the long term.Working with reality rather than against it can give us hope.‎ When we’re feeling overwhelmed, we can easily fall into an allornothing (孤注一掷)．We may overlook the things we manage to accomplish when we feel overwhelmed.But celebrating our small wins creates space for gratitude (感激) to take hold in our hearts.Trade our ‎ expectations for appreciation and our whole world changes in an instant.Celebrating wins (whatever size！) allows us to clearly see the progress we are making.Acknowledging our small bites and celebrating our wins however small makes us have a more accepting attitude toward the opportunities, the gifts and the joys in our lives.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。面对生活中的不如意，我们有时会感到绝望，感觉被压垮了。但我们可以采取一些有效的方法来摆脱这种困扰。 ‎ ‎8．The underlined phrase “go haywire” can be replaced by .‎ A．be in a mess B．become dull C．bring surprises D．change quickly 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知，生活有时候会陷入混乱，就像你对行驶中的汽车失去控制时的感觉。这是一种彻底无助和恐慌的感觉，使你感觉被压垮了。go haywire意为“陷入混乱”。‎ ‎9．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?‎ A．We fail to control our emotion sometimes.‎ B．We must learn to control our emotion well.‎ C．It is natural for everyone to feel overwhelmed.‎ D．Feeling overwhelmed is a big barrier to our life.‎ 解析：选C　段落大意题。根据第三段可知，我们都知道应该控制好自己的情绪，当我们感觉被压垮时，我们会受到这种情绪很大的影响。但感到被压垮是生活的一部分，表明我们是有生命的人类，只是我们总是会忘记这一点。由此可知，第三段主要是说感到被压垮对每个人来说是自然的。‎ ‎10．What should we do when we can’t control reality?‎ A．Accept our failure and quit.‎ B．Change our goal based on reality.‎ C．Try our best to change reality.‎ D．Find a better way to realize our goal.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段“No matter how much we try ... or quitting projects.”可知，无论我们怎么努力，可能都无法改变现实。但是我 们可以调整我们的预期以匹配现实。这或许意味着修改我们的目标和任务，或者放弃我们的计划。由此可知，当我们无法掌控现实时，我们可以根据现实来改变我们的目标。‎ ‎11．What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A．Small bites are better than big wins.‎ B．We should show gratitude to others.‎ C．Celebrating small wins helps us make progress.‎ D．We should appreciate even small achievements of ours.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，庆祝小的成功有利于在我们心中创造感激的空间。庆祝胜利(无论大小)可以让我们清楚地看到我们正在取得的进步。认可我们的小成就并庆祝胜利，无论它有多小，这会使我们能够更乐于接受生活中的机会、礼物和乐趣。由此可推知，我们应该欣赏我们哪怕很小的成就。A、B两项最后一段未提及，C项与原文意思相近但不是推断出来的，故选D项。‎ ‎[九]‎ AT&T started its “It Can Wait” campaign against texting while driving in 2010.They call on all drivers to sign up for a 21Day pledge (保证) — a pledge to not text and drive.Since then, research suggests there has been a connection between the campaign activities and a reduction in crashes.Almost half of the people who have made pledges say they now don’t use their smartphones while driving.‎ However, AT&T has found that even though nearly 99 percent of drivers understand that texting while driving is dangerous, nearly 70 percent do it anyway.Some say they do it because they think they’re better at multitasking than others.Some say they only use their phones at red lights, or they only quickly glance at their phones sometimes.Others say they’re trying to stop, but believe that distracted (注意力不集中的) driving is even “addictive”．‎ Over the years, we have found some effective ways to deal with ‎ distracted driving.One is to use userfriendly tools to help drivers resist the urge to glance at their phones while behind the wheel.Countless handsfree devices (装置) and Bluetooth speakers combined with a mobile app will, when active, automatically block incoming notifications sensing that the car is in motion.With the right devices, drivers can stay connected without taking their eyes off the road.‎ The second way is really important.AT&T’s studies found that most smartphone users have a significant amount of their interactions with just five people.They also found that more than 80 percent of drivers said they would immediately stop using their phone while driving if a loved one or someone in their top friends list asked them to.We urge everyone to act on this information.‎ Distracted driving is a bad habit, and bad habits are tough to break.But if we work together — and keep communicating our concerns with the people we love — we can make a difference.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了两种约束不专心驾驶行为的方法，并且分析了司机明知注意力不集中有危险，还去接电话的心理原因，建议人们要与自己所爱的人多沟通，帮助他们摒弃这一陋习。‎ ‎8．What can we infer about the “It Can Wait” campaign?‎ A．It aims to end aggressive driving.‎ B．It provides help for drivers in emergencies.‎ C．It works well in reducing road accidents.‎ D．It makes efforts to improve road conditions.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第一段中的“research suggests there has been a connection ...while driving”可知，“It Can Wait”运动在减少交通事故方面起到了一定的作用。由第一段第一句“AT&T started its ‘It Can Wait’ campaign against texting while driving in 2010.”可知，这项运动旨在减少人们边开车边发短信的做法。‎ ‎9．Distracted driving is still at a high level because of .‎ A．high pressure from daily life B．the side effects of drugs C．lack of strict traffic laws D．drivers’ attitude problems 解析：选D　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Some say they do it because they think they’re better at multitasking than others ...is even ‘addictive’．”可知，AT&T的研究发现，将近70%的人仍然边开车边发短信，他们这样做是因为态度问题。‎ ‎10．How do handsfree devices with an app help drivers?‎ A．By reminding them to call later.‎ B．By preventing the incoming calls.‎ C．By telling callers to leave a message.‎ D．By warning them of the possible danger.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段中的“combined with a mobile app will, when active, automatically block incoming notifications sensing that the car is in motion”可知，这些工具如果被激活，能自动感应到汽车在行驶，阻止来电通知。‎ ‎11．What suggestion is made to deal with distracted driving in Paragraph 4?‎ A．Use the power of public opinion.‎ B．Educate drivers to learn selfcontrol.‎ C．Communicate more with safe drivers.‎ D．Let people close to drivers remind them.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中提到的第二种方法可知，大多数司机愿意听从他们所爱的人或关系最亲密的人的建议，故建议利用司机最亲密的人对他的影响来减少不专心驾驶现象。‎ ‎[十]‎ Some people are so rude!‎ Who sends an email or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact ‎ easily found on Google? Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time?‎ Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little politeness. But many social agreed standards just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication.‎ In texts, you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. Email, too, is slower than a text. Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect.‎ My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages, none of which I listened to. Exasperated, he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls. “Why are you leaving him voice mail？” my sister asked. “Just text him.”‎ In the age of the smartphone, there is no reason to ask onceacceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, which can be easily found on Google Maps. But people still ask these things. And when you answer, they respond with a thankyou email.‎ How to handle these differing standards? Easy. Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thankyou message. Others, like me, want no reply.‎ The anthropologist (人类学家) Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that timewasting forms of communication do.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了如今在智能手机时代，人们应该选择何种方式进行沟通。‎ ‎32．What does the underlined word “Exasperated” mean in the ‎ fifth paragraph?‎ A．Worried. B．Surprised.‎ C．Annoyed. D．Tired.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls”可知，作者的父亲对作者不给自己回电话很不满，由此可推知exasperated意思是“恼怒的，生气的”，故选C。‎ ‎33．Why didn’t the writer reply to his father?‎ A．He liked text messages better.‎ B．He enjoyed checking his voice mail.‎ C．He didn’t receive any voice mail messages.‎ D．He didn’t want to talk with his father.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“‘Why are you leaving him voice mail？’ my sister asked. ‘Just text him.’”可推知，作者不喜欢用语音信箱，更偏爱发短信，故选A。‎ ‎34．Which of the following does the writer agree to?‎ A．People needn’t learn from one another in traditional societies.‎ B．Dealing with voice mail should vary with each individual.‎ C．People needn’t turn to Google for help when in trouble.‎ D．Declaring who you are or saying hello in texts is necessary.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第七段的内容可推知，标准是变化的，处理方式应该因人而异，而不是一刀切，语音信箱的使用亦是如此，故选B。‎ ‎35．What’s the best title for this passage?‎ A．Nowadays: what should we do with text messages?‎ B．Nowadays: do you like leaving others a voice message?‎ C．Nowadays: what means should we use in communication?‎ D．Nowadays: do you need a thankyou message?‎ 解析：选C　标题归纳题。根据对文章内容的整体理解可知，第三段引入本文话题，最后两段点题总结，本文主要讨论的是如今(在智能手机时代)我们应该用何种方式沟通，故选C项。‎