2019届一轮复习译林版必修一Unit2Growingpains单元学案设计（57页）

2019届一轮复习译林版必修一Unit2Growingpains单元学案设计（57页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版必修一Unit 2 Growing pains单元学案设计 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．act n．　　　　　　　　 (戏剧的)一幕 ‎2．curtain n. 窗帘；(舞台上的)幕布 ‎3．soccer n. 〈美〉英式足球，足球 ‎4．garbage n. 〈美〉(生活)垃圾 ‎5．fault n. 过错，错误 ‎6．anyhow adv. 反正；尽管如此 ‎7．sigh vi. 叹气 ‎8．DVD abbr. 数字多功能光碟 ‎[第二屏听写] ‎ ‎9．cafe n．　　　　　　 　 咖啡馆，小餐馆 ‎10．distant adj. 不友好的，冷淡的，疏远的；遥远的 ‎11．adolescence n. 青春期 ‎12．cash n. 现金 ‎13．annoyed adj. 愤怒的，生气的 ‎14．explanation n. 解释，说明 ‎15．*pizza n. 比萨饼，意大利饼 ‎16．*psychological adj. 心理的 Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎1．frightened adj.　　　　　 受惊的；害怕的 ‎2．bend vi. 弯腰，屈身 ‎ vt. (使)弯曲 ‎3．starve vi. 挨饿；饿死 vt. 使挨饿 ‎4．balance vt. & vi. & n. 平衡；抵消 ‎5．sink n. 水池，水槽，洗碗池 vi. 下沉，沉没　‎ ‎[第四屏听写] ‎ ‎6．adult n．　　　　　　　　 成年人 ‎7．tolerate vt. 容忍；允许 ‎8．behavior n. 行为，举止 ‎9．teenager n. (13－19岁的)青少年 ‎10．scene n. (戏剧的)一场；场面；景色 ‎ ‎11．upset adj. 不高兴的，失望的 vt. 使不高兴，使失望 ‎[第五屏听写] ‎ ‎12．defend vt.　　　　　　　 辩解，辩白；防御，保护 ‎13．emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况 ‎14．deserve vt. 值得；应得；应受 ‎15．challenge n. & vt. 挑战 ‎16．clinic n. 诊所 ‎17．hard adj. 苛刻的，严厉的 ‎18．rude adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的 ‎[第六屏听写] ‎ ‎19．bicycle n．　　　　　　 　 自行车 ‎20．hardworking adj. 工作努力的；辛勤的 ‎21．handle vt. 处理；应付 ‎22．error n. 错误 ‎23．guidance n. 指导，引导 ‎24．insist vi. 坚持，坚持认为 ‎25．chat vi. & n. 聊天，闲谈 ‎[第七屏听写] ‎ ‎26．argument n．　　　　　　 争吵，辩论；论点，论据 ‎27．freedom n. 自由 ‎28．worried adj. 担心的，担忧的 ‎29．harm vt. & n. 伤害 ‎30．foolish adj. 愚蠢的 ‎31．patience n. 耐心 ‎32．selfish adj. 自私的 ‎[第八屏听写] ‎ ‎33．last vi.　　　　　　　　 持久 vt. 持续，维持(一段时间)‎ ‎34．forbid vt. 禁止 ‎35．misunderstand vt. 误解 ‎36．normal n. & adj. 正常(的)，一般(的)‎ ‎37．confused adj. 困惑的，不解的 ‎38．physical adj. 身体的；物质的 ‎[第九屏听写] ‎ ‎39．tend vi.　　　　　　　　 往往；趋向 vt. 照看 ‎ ‎40．limit n. 限制；极限；界限 vt. 限制 ‎41．wisdom n. 智慧 ‎42．independence n. 独立 ‎43．can't_wait_to_do_something 迫不及待地做某事 ‎[第十屏听写] ‎ ‎44．be_supposed_to　　　　　 应该……，应当……‎ ‎45．be_hard_on 对……苛刻，对……严厉 ‎46．now_that 既然；由于 ‎47．stay_up 不睡觉，熬夜 ‎48．mix_up 混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和 ‎49．as_if 好像，似乎 ‎50．insist_on 坚持，坚持认为 ‎51．at_present 现在 ‎ ‎52．along_with 与……一起 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅 读 单 词 ‎1.act n．　　(戏剧的)一幕 ‎2．curtain n. 窗帘；(舞台上的)幕布 ‎3．explanation n. 解释，说明 ‎4．garbage n. 〈美〉(生活)垃圾 ‎5．fault n. 过错，错误 ‎6.anyhow adv.　反正；尽管如此 ‎7．sigh vi. 叹气 ‎8．DVD abbr. 数字多功能光碟 ‎9．cafe n. 咖啡馆，小餐馆 ‎10．cash n. 现金 ‎11.distant adj.　不友好的，冷淡的，疏远的；遥远的 ‎12．adolescence n. 青春期 ‎13．annoyed adj. 愤怒的，生气的 ‎14．psychological adj.心理的 表达单词 ‎1.bend vi.　　　　　　弯腰，屈身 vt. (使)弯曲 ‎2．balance vt. & vi. & n. 平衡；抵消 ‎3．scene n. (戏剧的)一场；场面；景色 ‎ ‎4．upset adj. 不高兴的，失望的 vt. 使不高兴，使失望 ‎5．deserve vt. ‎ ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．I underwent lots of skin operations and for weeks I wasn't able to bend (使弯曲) my legs, which had to be wrapped in bandages.‎ ‎2．This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful holiday scenes (景色)．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ阅读)‎ ‎3．When you are relaxed，your breathing tends (趋向) to be ‎ 值得；应得；应受 ‎6．emergency n. 突发事件 ‎7．last vi. 持久 vt. 持续，维持(一段时间)‎ ‎8．handle vt. 处理；应付 ‎9．insist vi. 坚持，坚持认为 ‎10．teenager n. 青少年 ‎11．patience n. 耐心 ‎12．selfish adj. 自私的 ‎13．forbid vt. 禁止 ‎14．misunderstand vt. 误解 ‎15．normal n. & adj. 正常(的)，一般(的)‎ ‎16．physical adj. 身体的；物质的 ‎17．tend vi. 往往；趋向 vt. 照看 ‎18．challenge n. & vt. 挑战 ‎ slow and gentle.‎ ‎4．When you feel your moods swinging or you're upset (不高兴的) or confused, some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer. ‎ ‎5．Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers (青少年), some schools have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. (2017·6月浙江高考)‎ ‎6．What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve (应得) your luck. ‎ ‎7．Forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical (身体的) and mental health.‎ ‎8．The most important thing to keep in mind when dealing with a(n) emergency (紧急情况) is to stay calm.‎ ‎9．I would, she insisted (坚持认为), need an extrathick sleeping bag when I sleep ‎ outside.‎ 拓展 单词 ‎1.frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的，令人害怕的→frighten vt.使惊吓，使害怕 ‎2．starve vi.挨饿；饿死vt.使挨饿→starvation n．饿死→starving adj.挨饿的 ‎3．tolerate vt.容忍；允许→tolerance n．容忍；允许→tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的 ‎4．behavior n．行为，举止→behave v．表现；检点 ‎5．defend vt.辩解，辩白；防御，保护→defence/defense n．防御，答辩，防护→defensive adj.防卫的，防御的，辩护的 ‎6．argument n．争吵，辩论；论点，论据→argue vt.争吵，争论；论证，争辩 ‎7．harm vt. & n．伤害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 ‎8．confused adj.困惑的，不解的→confusing adj.令人困惑的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．Mary was too frightened to tell her family the frightening scene because it frightened her to death.(frighten) ‎ ‎2．The confusing problem really confuses the confused boy, who is always confused about such things.(confuse)‎ ‎3．David defended his idea that each of us should refuse to buy foreign products in defence of our national industry.(defend) ‎ ‎4．I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class and, what's more, no one will be tolerant of that.(tolerate)‎ ‎5．While the experts agree that this kind of food is harmless,_it will be harmful to the teenagers if they eat it too much frequently.(harm)‎ ‎6．The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behavior in front of others.(behave)‎ ‎→confuse vt.使困惑，把……弄糊涂；混淆→confusion n．困惑，糊涂；混淆 ‎9．limit n．限制；极限；界限vt.限制→limited adj.有限的 ‎10. rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地；无礼地→rudeness n．粗鲁 ‎7．He argued against smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.(argue)‎ ‎8．Though our life is limited,_there is no limit to serving the people.(limit)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.turn_up　　　　调高(音量)；出现 ‎2．can't_wait_to_do_sth. 迫不及待地做某事 ‎3．be_supposed_to 应该……，应当……‎ ‎4．be_hard_on 对……苛刻，对……严厉 ‎5．now_that 既然；由于 ‎ ‎6．stay_up 不睡觉，熬夜 ‎7．mix_up 混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和 ‎8．as_if 好像 ‎9．insist_on ‎ ‎1.This way, you needn't stay_up for the test and can get a good night of sleep before your big day.‎ ‎2．He sounds as_if he has the weight of the world on him.‎ ‎3．The college years are_supposed_to be a time for important growth in autonomy and the development of adult identity. ‎ ‎4．Community members drop off other recyclables at his house so he can sell them, along_with books, food, clothes, and other items to give away.‎ ‎5．Don't worry. I'm sure your ‎ ‎ 坚持，坚持认为 ‎10．at_present 现在；目前 ‎11．along_with 与……一起 ‎12．go_through 经历；仔细检查或寻找 ‎13．keep_up_with 赶上，跟上 ‎14．in_a_mess 杂乱无章，一团糟 ‎15．depend_on 依赖，依靠 ‎16．take_in 吸收；欺骗 missing glasses will turn_up sooner or later.‎ ‎6．Now_that you have grown up, you must do it by yourself.‎ ‎7．Her father has always been_hard_on her, so she is never late for school.‎ ‎8．You are sure to achieve your dreams if you insist_on them and try your best.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink. ‎ 房间一片狼藉，地上是比萨饼盒子，水槽里是脏兮兮的盘子。‎ with的复合结构常在句中作状语或定语。‎ 泰山长期以来都是一个受欢迎的旅游景点，有许多中国传奇故事。(2017·北京高考满分作文) ‎ Mount Tai has long been a popular tourist attraction, with_many_Chinese_legendary_stories_attached_to_it.‎ ‎2.Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset. 丹尼尔双臂交叉抱在胸前，看上去很不高兴。‎ ‎“‎ 我写信想请你把我的个人简历修改一下。(2016·全国卷Ⅰ写作佳句) ‎ have/get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。‎ I'm writing to have my_resume_revised.‎ ‎3.Sometimes he acts as if he doesn't love us at all. ‎ 有时他表现得好像他根本就不爱我们。‎ as if“似乎，好像”引导方式状语从句或表语从句。‎ 我们将把那儿的老人当成自己的亲人对待。(2015·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句) ‎ We will treat the old people there as_if_they_were_our_own_relatives.‎ ‎4.Also, every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying. ‎ 还有，每次我看DVD，他要么催着我上床睡觉，要么就是教导我要多花些时间学习。‎ every time引导时间状语从句。‎ 我记得每次你来我们学校的时候，你都给我看一些关于那个主题的照片。(2016·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句) ‎ I remember you showed me some photos on that theme every_time_you_visited_our_school.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.ahead_of 　　 　　在……前面；提前 ‎2.all_year_around 全年 ‎1.play_football　　踢足球 ‎2.play_the_guitar 弹 ‎1.junk food 　　垃圾食品 ‎2.milk shake ‎ ‎3.across from 在……对面 ‎4.all of a sudden 突然 ‎5.another two hours 另外两个小时 吉他 ‎3.play_chess 下国际象棋 ‎4.play the drum 敲鼓 ‎5.in red 穿着红色衣服 ‎ 奶昔 ‎3.turkey n. 火鸡 ‎4.rice noodles 米线 ‎5.fruit salad 水果沙拉 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．tolerate vt.容忍；允许 ‎[教材原句]　We won't tolerate such behavior in our house!‎ 在我们的家里不允许有这样的行为！‎ ‎(1) ‎(2)tolerance n. 容忍；允许 tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的 ‎(3)put up with (＝tolerate) 忍受，容忍 ‎ ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①He won't tolerate/bear/stand/put up with anyone questioning (question) his decisions.‎ ‎②She had no tolerance (tolerate) for jokes of any kind.‎ ‎③The shy girl has become a lot more tolerant (tolerate) and communicative.‎ ‎2．scene n．(戏剧的)一场；现场；场面；景色 ‎[教材原句]　Act Two, Scene One 第二幕，场景一 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中scene的含义 ‎①It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater's 75year history.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ阅读)_(戏剧的)一场 ‎②The doctor was on the scene very quickly after the accident.现场 ‎③Seeing the terrible scene, all of us were frightened.场面 ‎④The photos taken by Hurley showed some undersea scenes.景色 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ on the scene　　　　　　　 在现场 behind the scenes 在后台，在幕后；暗中 come on the scene 登场 ‎⑤Nine people died on_the_scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.‎ 撞车事故中有九人当场死亡，还有一人在医院里死亡。‎ ‎[名师指津]　scene作“场面；场景；现场”讲，后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作状语时，一般用副词where或in which来引导。‎ ‎3．upset (upset，upset) adj.不高兴的，失望的vt.使不高兴，使失望；打翻 ‎[教材原句]　Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.‎ 丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看上去很不高兴。‎ ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中upset的词性及含义 ‎ ‎①The girl failed in the beauty contest and went home upset. adj ‎.不高兴的，失望的，心烦的 ‎②The new comer's rudeness upsets everyone at present.vt.使心烦意乱，使不高兴，使失望 ‎③She upset a cup on the table and had her hand hurt. vt.弄翻，打翻 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)be upset about/at/over sth. 为某事心烦 ‎ be upset by 被……打乱 ‎(2)It upset(s) sb. to do sth./that ...‎ ‎ 让某人心烦的是……‎ ‎[练通重点]　完成句子 ‎④In my opinion, there is no point being_upset_about/at/over it.‎ 依我看，为此事难过没有意义。‎ ‎⑤It_upset_him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.‎ 让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这件事告诉他。‎ ‎⑥My plan for this weekend was_upset_by_my_mother's_sudden_visiting.‎ 我的周末计划被妈妈的突然到来打乱了。‎ ‎4．defend vt.辩解，辩白；防御，保护 ‎[教材原句]　They never even gave me a chance to defend myself.‎ 他们甚至从不给我辩解的机会。‎ ‎(1)defend ... from/against　 保护……使不受……，为……辩护 defend oneself 自卫 ‎(2)defence/defense n. 防御；防护；答辩 in defence (of ...) (为……)辩护；防卫 in sb.'s/sth.'s defence 为某人/某事辩护；在某人/某物的防备下 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①On some occasions, your immediate reaction may be to defend yourself (you). ‎ ‎②My tutor told me the defence (defend) for my article must be handed in seven days.‎ ‎③The prisoner looked at his wife and sat silent, offering nothing_in his own defence. ‎ 单句改错 ‎④All the people in Jiuzhaigou Valley were fighting against the earthquake in defence for their own homes. for→of 一句多译 学校应该训练女生保护自己免遭某些攻击。‎ ‎⑤Every girl should be trained at school to defend_themselves_against/from some attacks.(defend)‎ ‎⑥Every girl should be trained at school in_defence/defense_of some attacks.(defence)‎ ‎5．deserve vt.值得；应得；应受 ‎[教材原句]　They don't deserve an explanation.‎ 他们不配得到解释。‎ deserve to do sth.　　　　　 应该做某事；值得做某事 deserve doing/to be done (某事)值得被做，应该被做 deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①With the glory he won for China, he and his team deserved_the_whole_nation's_respect. ‎ 他为中国赢得了荣耀，他和他的团队值得全国人民的尊重。‎ ‎②It's true that she made a mistake but she doesn't deserve_to_lose_her_job. ‎ 她的确犯了错，但她不应该失去工作。‎ ‎③I think any good suggestion deserves consideration/considering/to_be_considered.(2017·北京高考满分作文)‎ 我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。‎ ‎[联想发散]　“deserve doing”结构是主动形式表示被动含义，它相当于deserve to be done。与deserve用法类似的词还有：need, want, require, demand (需要)。 ‎ ‎6．insist vi.坚持，坚持认为；坚决要求 ‎[教材原句]　Recently, he has been refusing to do his homework, and instead insists on wasting his time watching DVDs and listening to foreign music.‎ 最近，他一直拒绝做家庭作业，相反的是，他硬要把时间浪费在看碟片和听外国音乐上。‎ insist on/upon (doing) sth.坚持(做)某事 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①When I left home for university, my grandparents insisted_on giving me some pocket money.‎ 在我离家上大学时，我的祖父母坚持给我一些零花钱。‎ ‎②He insisted that he_hadn't_stolen_the_money.‎ 他坚持说他没有偷那笔钱。‎ ‎③I insist that an immediate action (should)_be_taken (take) to solve the problem.‎ 我坚持要求立刻采取措施去解决那个问题。‎ ‎7．harm vt. & n．伤害 ‎[教材原句]　How can I help my son without harming our relationship?‎ 我如何才能帮助我的儿子而又不伤害我们的关系呢？‎ ‎(1)　　　　　　 对……有害 there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处 ‎(2)harmful adj. 有害的 harmless adj. 无害的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①If we know that gossip can be harmful (harm), then why do so many of us do it？(2016·6月浙江高考阅读)‎ ‎②Fierce debating with strong emotion hurts feelings and does harm to teamwork. ‎ ‎③There's no great harm in drinking (drink) a little beer to relieve tiredness after hard work. ‎ ‎④You needn't worry and this experiment was harmless (harm) to the animals. ‎ 一句多译 ‎ 詹尼似乎焦虑不安，不想伤害她的妈妈。‎ ‎⑤Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to harm_her_mother.‎ ‎⑥Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to do_her_mother_harm.‎ ‎⑦Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to do_harm_to_her_mother. ‎ ‎⑧Jenny seems anxious and doesn't want to be_harmful_to_her_mother.‎ ‎8．forbid vt.(forbade/forbad, forbidden)禁止，不准 ‎[教材原句]　He even forbids me from chatting with my friends in the Internet cafe!‎ 他甚至禁止我在网吧与朋友聊天！‎ forbid doing sth.　　　　　 禁止做某事 禁止某人做某事 ‎[多角练透]　‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is_forbidden (forbid), especially if you are a woman.‎ ‎②The citizens are all in favor of forbidding smoking (smoke) in all public areas across the city.‎ 句型转换 For his study, his father forbade him/his chatting with WeChat.‎ ‎③For his study, his father forbade him to chat with WeChat.‎ ‎④For his study, his father forbade him from chatting with WeChat.‎ ‎9．tend vi.往往；趋向 vt.照看 ‎[教材原句]　Boys and girls tend to be different in this regard.‎ 男孩和女孩在这方面往往有所不同。‎ ‎(1)tend to do sth.　　　　　　　 易于/往往会做某事 tend sb./sth. 照看某人/某物 ‎(2)tendency n. 倾向，趋势 have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①While doing a WatchedPot Wait, we tend to_get (get) absentminded.(2017·天津高考阅读)‎ ‎②Last October, while tending (tend) her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small carrots and was about to throw them away.(2017·6月浙江高考语法填空)‎ ‎③The prices of vegetables are reported to have a tendency (tend) to increase in some cities.‎ 一句多译 如果我不听从妈妈的建议，她很容易生气。‎ ‎④My mother will tend_to_get_angry easily if I don't follow her advice.(tend)‎ ‎⑤My mother will have_a_tendency_to_get_angry easily if I don't follow her advice.(tendency)‎ ‎10．limit n．[C]限制；极限；界限vt.限制 ‎[教材原句]　Many boys become risktakers — they want to find their own limits and the limits of the world around them, but may not have the wisdom to make good choices in their behaviour.‎ 很多男孩成为冒险家——他们希望找到自己的极限和他们周边世界的界限，但他们也许并不具备对其行为作出正确抉择的智慧。‎ ‎(1)limit ... to ...　　　　　　 把……限制在……内 be limited to ... 受限制于……‎ ‎(2)beyond the limit 超过限度 set a limit to 限制……‎ ‎(3)limited adj. 有限的 limitless 无限制的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①In a knowledge era, lifelong learning is not limited to a traditional classroom. ‎ ‎②Besides, many parents have limited (limit) knowledge about what a balanced diet is.‎ ‎③The couple set a limit to the expense of the trip for their daughter.‎ ‎④Scientists have known how to use the limitless (limit) power of the sun. ‎ 翻译句子 ‎⑤I believe that my son will go beyond the limit and beyond himself. ‎ 我相信我的儿子将超越极限，_超越自己。‎ ‎11．balance vt.& vi. & n．平衡；抵消 ‎[教材原句]　Since teenagers have difficulty balancing these needs, they often question who they are and how they fit in society.‎ 因为青少年很难平衡这些需求，所以他们常常质问自己是谁以及怎样适应社会。‎ ‎(1)keep/lose/break one's balance 　 保持/失去/打破平衡 ‎(2)balance ... against 权衡……与……‎ ‎(3)balanced adj. 保持平衡的 keep a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①The little girl struggled to keep her balance on the balance beam.‎ ‎②You'd better keep a balanced (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.‎ ‎③You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．But our funds were limited (limit), and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.‎ ‎2．These plants have a tendency to grow in the more rural areas.‎ ‎3．The boy couldn't tolerate other people's making (make) noise in the room, so he went out.‎ ‎4．I think the book deserves reading/to_be_read (read) a second time.‎ ‎5．All the roads looked the same and he felt thoroughly confused (confuse)．‎ ‎6．When the door was opened suddenly, the boy covered his head with his hands, as if in defence.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Anyone can not tolerate laughed at in public.tolerate_后加_being ‎2．Lucy had her purse pick in the bus yesterday.pick→picked ‎3．My mother encouraged me and insisted that I continued my education. continued→continue ‎4．In my opinion, soldiers should always be ready to defend their country and people on any kind of attacks. on→against ‎5．The question is so hard, and we're all getting confusing about it.confusing→confused ‎6．We should try to limit our expenses on the original sum. on→to Ⅲ.句型转换/一句多译 ‎1．I insist on your taking action immediately.‎ ‎→I insist that you should take action immediately.‎ ‎2．She was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.‎ ‎→It upset her that he had left without saying goodbye.‎ ‎3．她的爸爸甚至在周末也禁止她看电视。‎ ‎①Her father forbids_her_watching_TV even on weekends. (forbid sb.'s doing sth.)‎ ‎②Her father forbids_her_to_watch_TV even on weekends. (forbid sb. to do sth.)‎ ‎③Her father forbids_her_from_watching_TV even on weekends.(forbid sb. from doing sth.)‎ ‎4．吃太多的脂肪和盐有害健康。‎ ‎①Eating too much fat and salt is_harmful_to_health.(harmful)‎ ‎②Eating too much fat and salt does_harm_to_health.(harm)‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．be supposed to 应该……，应当……‎ ‎[教材原句]　But, but ...you weren't supposed to come home until tomorrow!‎ 可是……你们不是应该明天才回来的吗！‎ ‎(1)be supposed to do ...　　 应该做某事 be supposed to have done... ‎ ‎＝should have done ‎＝ought to have done 本应该做某事(实际未做)‎ be supposed to be ... 被认为是……‎ ‎(2)suppose/supposing (that) 假定/假如……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Students are_supposed (suppose) to obey the rules at school. ‎ ‎②You are late again.You are supposed to_have_arrived (arrive) here five minutes earlier.‎ 一句多译 你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。‎ ‎③You were_supposed_to_have_handed_in your homework yesterday.(be supposed to)‎ ‎④You should_have_handed_in your homework yesterday.(should)‎ ‎⑤You ought_to_have_handed_in your homework yesterday.(ought to)‎ 翻译句子 ‎⑥Suppose you're in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble. (2017·天津高考阅读)‎ 假设你很忙，感觉很累，没有注意你的屏幕，你发了一封可能会给你带来麻烦的邮件。‎ ‎2．along with与……一起；除了……以外(还)‎ ‎[教材原句]　Along with these physical changes, there come many psychological changes.‎ 与这些生理变化同时而来的，还有很多心理上的变化。‎ ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①Along_with(＝Besides) studying at school, students should participate in more outofschool activities.‎ 学生除了在学校学习，也应该参加更多的课外活动。‎ ‎②Professor Smith, along with his assistants, is_working_on the project day and night to meet the deadline.‎ 史密斯教授和他的助手们夜以继日地从事于这个项目以期按时完成。‎ ‎③Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, is_regarded_as one of the best allround forms of exercise. (2017·天津高考单选)‎ 如今，与慢跑和游泳一样，骑自行车被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。 ‎ ‎[名师指津]　along with, together with, with, as well as 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与它前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致；而and连接两个主语时，其谓语动词用复数形式。‎ ‎3．as if 引导方式状语从句 Sometimes he acts as_if he doesn't love us at all.‎ 有时他表现得好像他根本就不爱我们。‎ ‎(1)as if/though“似乎，好像”，在本句中引导方式状语从句，‎ ‎ 也可引导表语从句。‎ ‎(2)as if/though从句中的语气及时态：‎ as if/though ‎①You'll feel as_if you were at home while here.‎ 到这儿就好像到了自己家一样。‎ ‎②She works hard as if she never knew (know) fatigue.‎ 她努力工作，仿佛从不知疲倦似的。‎ ‎③Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had_done (do) something very clever. ‎ 杰克没说一句话，但老师却对着他微笑，好像他做了什么聪明事似的。‎ ‎[名师指津]　如果as if从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样就出现“as if＋名词/不定式/形容词(短语)/介词短语/分词”结构。‎ ‎④Tom stopped as though/if to see what had happened.‎ 汤姆停下来好像要看看发生了什么事。‎ ‎4．every time引导时间状语从句 Also, every_time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.‎ 还有，每次我看DVD，他要么催着我上床睡觉，要么就是教导我要多花些时间学习。‎ every time引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当……”。名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：‎ ‎(1)由time构成的名词词组：each time, the first/last time, next time, any time等。‎ ‎(2)the＋瞬间名词：the minute, the instant, the second, the moment等。‎ ‎(3)the＋时间名词：the day/week/year, the spring/summer/autumn/winter等。‎ ‎①You are welcome to come back any_time you want to.‎ 你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。‎ ‎②The_moment/minute/instant/second Lang stepped into the stadium, nobody could stay seated.‎ 郎(平)一踏进体育场，所有的人都站了起来。‎ ‎③The_day I left here, they all came to see me off.‎ 我离开这里的那一天，他们都来给我送行。‎ ‎5．have sth. done结构 Daniel has_his_arms_crossed and looks upset.‎ 丹尼尔双臂交叉抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。‎ ‎(1)have sth. done结构有两种含义：一是表示让某人做某事/让某事(被别人)做，相当于get sth. done；二是表示主语遭遇到某种不幸/蒙受损失。‎ ‎①I don't like to wash clothes, so I always have_my_clothes_washed.‎ 我不喜欢洗衣服，所以我总是让别人给我洗衣服。‎ ‎②I had_my_wallet_stolen on bus this morning.‎ 今天早上我的钱包在公交车上被偷了。‎ ‎(2)have sb. do sth.＝ get sb. to do sth.让某人做某事 ‎③Once he makes up his mind, nothing can have_him_change/get_him_to_change it.‎ 一旦他下定决心，就没有什么能让他改变。‎ ‎(3)have sb./sth. doing使某人/某物持续地做某事 ‎④The boss had_the_workers_working day and night.‎ 老板让工人夜以继日地干活。‎ ‎(4)can't/won't have sb. doing sth. 不能容忍/允许某人做某事 ‎⑤He could_not_have_her_getting away with telling people lies!‎ 他可不能让她哄骗人们却不受惩罚！‎ ‎[名师指津]　have sth. to do “有某事要做”， 此处不定式作后置定语。‎ ‎⑥I'm sorry I can't go with you. I have some clothes to_wash (wash)．‎ 对不起，我不能和你一起去。我有些衣服要洗。‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 as if， insist on， at present， be hard on， now that， stay up， mix up ‎1．Now_that we have grown up, we will have to get rid of this childish behavior.‎ ‎2．Nowadays parents are too hard_on their own children.‎ ‎3．Sometimes he is mixed_up with his brother, for they are twins.‎ ‎4．They stayed_up all night discussing questions and finally managed to solve them.‎ ‎5．I don't want to go to Shanghai for further education at_present.‎ ‎6．Use a clear simple style as_if you were writing to younger students in your school.‎ ‎7．Many netizens insisted_on her saying “sorry” in public.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．We lose a few skin cells at every time we wash our hands. 去掉at ‎2．The policewoman took care of the baby that had lost its parents as if it was her own. was→were ‎3．She, along with her parents, are leaving for Shanghai next Tuesday. _are→is ‎4．He got into a car crash on the way home and had his leg break.break→broken Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．Every_time_he_comes_to_visit_me,_he will buy me some tea.‎ 每次他来拜访我，都会给我买一些茶叶。‎ ‎2．With_my_tenth_birthday_approaching,_I couldn't help imagining what kind of present my parents would give me.‎ 随着我的十岁生日来临，我会忍不住想像我的父母会给我什么样的礼物。‎ ‎3．He_had_the_letter_typed this morning and posted it at once.‎ 他今天早晨把信打完了，并马上寄了出去。‎ ‎4．The bus is late again. It's_supposed_to_have_arrived half an hour ago.‎ 公交车又晚点了，它本应该半小时之前到达的。‎ ‎5．I am tired after all that walking and I can't_wait_to_go_to_bed.‎ 走了那么远的路，我累了，我迫不及待地想去上床睡觉。‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法——“介词＋which/whom”以及 关系副词引导的定语从句 Ⅰ.用“介词＋关系代词”或关系副词填空 ‎1．I still remember the day when/on_which I first came to the school. ‎ ‎2．The company where/in_which his uncle works is the largest one in this city.‎ ‎3．We will put off the picnic until next week when the weather may be better.‎ ‎4．This is the reason why/for_which he refused our offer.‎ ‎5．The man with_whom I talked just now is my brother. ‎ ‎6．The way in_which she talked to her mother disappointed all of us.‎ ‎7．You have reached a point where you should depend on yourself.‎ ‎8．There are three main classes of drugs, each of_which has a different effect on the body.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．There are cases which children are made to learn what they don't want to. which→where或which前加in ‎2．I will never forget the day when we spent together in London. ‎ when→which/that ‎3．You must turn to a wiser master whom you can learn a lot. whom前加_from ‎4．The reason why he offered them was that he was on business. _why→which/that ‎5．Guilin is a beautiful place where people all over the world want to pay a visit to._where→which/that Ⅲ.完成句子(用定语从句)‎ ‎1．Do you still remember the day when_we_went_to_visit_the_museum_together? ‎ 你还记得我们一起参观博物馆的那天吗？‎ ‎2．My English teacher was generous with helping me, _for_which_I_was_grateful. ‎ 我的英语老师慷慨地帮助我，为此我非常感激。‎ ‎3．That was the_reason_why_she_was_ill_yesterday.‎ 那就是昨天她生病的原因。‎ ‎4．My family climbed up the hill, at_the_top_of_which_we_had_a_picnic.‎ 我们一家人爬到了山顶，在那里我们进行了野餐。‎ ‎5．I'm looking forward to the day on_which/when_I_become_independent.‎ 我期待我独立的那一天。‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作 ‎　　练补写——让行文更条理 ‎[题目要求]‎ 假设你是李华，你的美国笔友汤姆(Tom)沉迷于玩智能手机而不能自控，他写信向你寻求帮助，请你给他回一封电子邮件。词数100左右。 ‎ ‎[补写提示]　请按提示线索补写下面的中间段落 Dear Tom，‎ I'm sorry to hear that you're suffering from smart phone addiction. I understand how you feel. You want to work hard, but can't resist playing with the phone often. I'd like to offer you some advice.‎ 建议一：培养爱好→建议二：多交朋友→建议三：多做运动 I hope these ideas can help you get rid of your addiction as soon as possible.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua ‎[答案示例]‎ Dear Tom，‎ I'm sorry to hear that you're suffering from smart phone addiction. I understand how you feel. You want to work hard, but can't resist playing with the phone often. I'd like to offer you some advice.‎ First of all, start some other hobbies, such as reading, listening to music, or playing chess, etc., which will take your mind off the smart phone. Secondly, make more friends. Friends will help you when you can't resist the temptation of the phone. Thirdly, do more sports. Sports can not only keep you healthy, but also enrich your life and help you forget your phone.‎ I hope these ideas can help you get rid of your addiction as soon as possible.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A ‎(2018·辽宁名校联考)‎ Shakespeare's Birthplace and Exhibition Henley Street, StratforduponAvon Tel: 01789 204016‎ Shakespeare's birthplace was the childhood home of William Shakespeare. Take a step back in time and see what life was like for the young Shakespeare growing up in StratforduponAvon. The house has been exactly furnished, and includes both original and copy items similar to those which would have been there in the house when Shakespeare was a boy. Beautiful painted cloths hang on the walls, brightly colored fabrics fill the rooms and his father's glove workshop has been recreated. At the back of the house is a beautiful garden containing many plants, herbs and flowers mentioned in Shakespeare's plays.‎ The neighboring exhibition shows Shakespeare's life and focuses on many rare local items connected with him, as well as a copy of the first edition of his collected plays published in 1623.‎ ‎◎Limited disabled access ‎ ‎◎Many restaurants close to Shakespeare's birthplace ‎◎Town center parking ‎◎Gift shops ‎ ‎◎Allow at least 45 minutes to visit the house and the exhibition Adult ￡6.70　Child ￡2.60　Family ￡15.00‎ Summer Mid Winter Jun.－Aug.‎ Apr.－May ‎ Sep.－Oct.‎ Nov.－Mar.‎ open Last ‎ Entry Open Last ‎ Entry Open Last ‎ Entry Monday－‎ Saturday ‎9 am ‎5：30 pm ‎10 am ‎5 pm ‎10 am ‎4 pm Sunday ‎9：30 am ‎6 pm ‎10 am ‎5：30 pm ‎10：30 am ‎4 pm 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了莎士比亚故居及相应的对外开放时间。‎ ‎21．How much would they pay if a couple with their two children visit the exhibition?‎ A．￡5.2.　　　　　　　　 B．￡13.4.‎ C．￡15. D．￡18.6.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。结合题干可知，是一家人去参观莎士比亚故居，结合文章图表中的“Family ￡15.00”可知，一家人去参观需要￡15。‎ ‎22．What is the deadline to enter the exhibition on Friday in July?‎ A．4 pm.　　　　　　　　 B．5 pm.‎ C．5：30 pm. D．6 pm.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章图表时间“Jun.－Aug.”和对应的“Monday－Saturday”并结合题干可知，7月的周五参观莎士比亚故居最迟的时间是下午5点30分。‎ ‎23．What can we see in Shakespeare's birthplace?‎ A．Old furniture.　　　　　　　　 B．Ancient restaurants.‎ C．Colored gloves. D．Shakespeare's plays.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段的第三句“The house has been exactly furnished, and includes both original and copy items similar to those which would have been there in the house when Shakespeare was a boy”可知，在莎士比亚故居可以看到一些保留下来的旧家具，故选A。‎ B ‎(2018·青岛质检)Sunitha Suresh was a college student when her grandmother had a major operation and was put in intensive care (特别护理) with three other patients. This meant her family couldn't always be with her. They decided to put her favorite Indian music on an iPod, so she could listen around the clock.‎ Sunitha could see the music relaxed her grandmother and made her feel less anxious, but she wondered if she also felt less pain. That would make sense because anxiety can make people more sensitive to pain. At the time Sunitha was majoring in biomedical engineering at Northwestern University where her father, Santhanam Suresh, is a professor. So father and daughter decided to work together on a study.‎ It was a small study, with 60 patients between 9 and 14 years old taking part in it. All the patients, who were children, had big operations that required them to stay in hospital for at least a couple of days. Right after their operations, the patients took medicine to control pain. The next day they were divided into three groups. One ‎ group listened to 30 minutes of music of their choice, one listened to 30 minutes of stories of their choice and one listened to 30 minutes of silence via noise canceling headphones.‎ To measure pain, the researchers presented a smiling, frowning (皱眉) and crying face. The children pointed to which picture best showed their level of pain before and after they listened to music, stories and silence. After a 30minute session, the children who listened to music or stories reduced their pain burden by 1 point on a 10point scale (级别) compared to the children who listened to silence. That might not sound like much, but Sunitha says it equals to pain medication like Advil or Tylenol.‎ Children don't tolerate such medication as well as adults. They are smaller and are more likely to suffer side effects from pain medication such as trouble breathing and feeling of disgust. So the less pain medication, the better.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。听音乐可以让人们感到不太焦虑，从而减轻手术后的痛苦。‎ ‎24．What made Sunitha start the study?‎ A．Her grandmother's desire for music.‎ B．Her majoring in biomedical engineering.‎ C．Her grandmother's listening to music after the operation.‎ D．Her sympathy for patients who suffered from illnesses.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sunitha could see the music relaxed her grandmother and made her feel less anxious, but she wondered if she also felt less pain”可知，她祖母在手术后听音乐的经历使她开始做这项研究。‎ ‎25．How did Sunitha and her father draw the conclusion?‎ A．By observing.　　　　 　 　 B．By making comparison.‎ C．By asking questions. D．By analyzing causes.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，研究者主要是通过对比三组实验对象在听了音乐、故事或静音后对疼痛的感知程度来判断他们所采取的方式是否有助于减轻痛苦来得出结论的。‎ ‎26．What do we know about the research?‎ A．It is of greater benefit to children.‎ B．It should also be conducted on adults.‎ C．It shows children suffer more from pain medication.‎ D．It finds more and more children are on pain medication.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，孩子们从该研究中受益更多。‎ ‎27．What may be the best title for the text?‎ A．Reaching for your playlist to ease pain B．Sunitha does an experiment with her father C．Sunitha's grandmother likes to listen to music D．Stopping using pain medication on children 解析：选A　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了Sunitha和她父亲的一项研究表明，听音乐可以帮助减轻痛苦。‎ C Jack Ma：Asia's richest man just became $2.8bn richer in one day Jack Ma's net worth increased by $2.8bn overnight as Alibaba forecast sales growth that topped every analyst's estimate on June 8,2017, despite the fact that China's economy is slowing down.‎ Mr Ma, aged 52 this year, is now the richest person in Asia and the 14th wealthiest in the world, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. His net worth has climbed $8.5bn this year to $41.8bn.‎ The latest surge came after China's largest ecommerce company forecast 45 to 49 per cent revenue (收入) growth in the year ending March, demonstrating how investments in online shopping are paying off. Shares in Alibaba, where Mr Ma is chairman, rose 13 per cent to a record high.‎ Alibaba and Tencent, which dominate online shopping and social media respectively, have ventured (冒险) deeper into new areas from cloud computing services to streaming music and video as the country's economy slows. Alibaba is capturing more digital advertising spending by incorporating (吸收) social elements such as video in its shopping sites.‎ Alibaba is holding meetings with investors this week. On Friday, the former English teacher said he wasn't going to discuss corporate forecasts. He took the stage instead to describe how his company had become effectively the world's 22nd largest economy — just after Argentina — in terms of transactions (交易) by never fearing to think big. Mr Ma, who said Alibaba revised 10year plans annually, foresaw the company becoming the fifthlargest eventually by 2036 by serving burgeoning (迅速发展) Chinese middle classes, taking advantage of global trade and making use of its valuable data.‎ Ma's comments about the evolution of datadriven technology echoed those of Masayoshi Son, chairman of Japan's SoftBank. SoftBank — Alibaba's largest shareholder — has invested billions in ‎ companies such as ARM with the intention of staking out a leading position in the future Internet of Things.‎ ‎“The Internet of Things is going to be big because in the past, machines ‘drank’ electricity，” Mr Ma told investors. “In the next 20 years, machines will ‘drink’ data. In the future, no company, no country, no business can survive without data.”‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了阿里巴巴集团股票股价上涨13%，使董事长马云净身家在一天之内增加28亿美元，成为亚洲首富的故事。‎ ‎28．The text is intended to tell us that ________.‎ A．China's economy is not satisfying B．Jack Ma has become Asia's richest man C．online shopping grows rapidly worldwide D．Alibaba is the largest company in the world 解析：选B　主旨大意题。通览全文可知，本文介绍了阿里巴巴集团股票股价上涨13%，使董事长马云净身家在一天之内增加28亿美元，成为亚洲首富的故事。故选B项。‎ ‎29．The underlined word “surge” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”．‎ A．sudden increase B．rapid decline C．dead time D．uncertainty 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Jack Ma's net worth increased by $2.8bn overnight”和第三段中的“China's largest ecommerce company forecast 45 to 49 per cent revenue (收入) growth in the year ending March”可以推测画线词意为“急剧上升”。‎ ‎30．What do we know about Alibaba?‎ A．It is China's largest social media company.‎ B．It makes profits mainly from digital advertising.‎ C．It is providing cloud computing services.‎ D．It is new to streaming music and video.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Alibaba and Tencent, which dominate online shopping and social media respectively, have ventured (冒险) deeper into new areas from cloud computing services to streaming music and video ...”可知，由于国家经济下滑，阿里巴巴已进军云计算服务领域。‎ ‎31．What does Jack Ma stress in the last paragraph?‎ A．The investment of global trade.‎ B．The importance of data.‎ C．The necessity of sharing information.‎ D．The future of the Internet of Things.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“In the future, no company, no country, no business can survive without data.”可知，在将来，任何公司的发展和存在都离不开数据，因此他强调了“data”的重要性。‎ D When I was in the fifth grade and Mr. Gardner asked a question, my hand would shoot up with great enthusiasm. After giving me a few chances, he would try to give other students a chance. My hand, though, would remain in the air, and after some time, I'd start waving it around. Then, there was the time when I entered drumming classes. But all we were allowed to do in the first class was practise one beat over and over again. I never went back.‎ I would have done terribly in the Stanford Marshmallow (果浆软糖) Experiment. In this classic study, researchers gave children a choice between one marshmallow right away and two later. The results showed that those who could wait 15 minutes ended up scoring 210 points higher on the SAT, an examination that American high school students take before they go to college.‎ So clearly, delaying gratification or bearing up under pain has its benefits. It needs patience. Patience keeps us from being stuck to ideas formed previously, and helps us let go of our strong interest in outcomes. We come to accept that we don't always or immediately know what is best, and learn to recognize that our reality is in constant changes. Patience improves our understanding of deeper truths and helps us expand our views.‎ The journey of patience is rooted in knowing that our present reality will finally give way to changes. But changes won't always happen when we think they should, and patience with ourselves comes from accepting that there are things we can control and things we can't. And though we must make great efforts to keep pushing the boundaries of our awareness and to improve our ability to rest comfortably in the present moment, how fast we develop isn't up to us.‎ That same fifth grader who couldn't wait to speak out answers now sees the importance of meeting questions with a heart of patience.‎ 语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。作者结合自己的经历说明了耐心的重要性。‎ ‎32．Why did the author wave his hand in class?‎ A．To entertain himself.‎ B．To show his impatience.‎ C．To give other students a chance.‎ D．To let others know he was clever.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者不停地挥舞手臂是因为举了一段时间手后，老师还不让他回答问题，他这样做是因为不耐烦了。‎ ‎33．What's the purpose of the Stanford Marshmallow Experiment?‎ A．To test children's concentration levels.‎ B．To test how children like marshmallows.‎ C．To test patience and its potential advantages.‎ D．To test the bond between patience and desire.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The results showed that those who could wait 15 minutes ended up scoring 210 points higher on the SAT, an examination that American high school students take before they go to college”可知，这个果浆软糖实验的目的是为了测试耐心在孩子们的后期智力发展中可能存在的优势。‎ ‎34．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “gratification” in Paragraph 3?‎ A．Progress. B．Patience.‎ C．Judgement. D．Satisfaction.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据该词前的delaying可知，该词的意思与第二段中的“In this classic study, researchers gave children a choice between one marshmallow right away and two later”‎ 有关，根据该句可知，延迟的是满足感，故gratification的意思与satisfaction相近。‎ ‎35．What is the main reason for people to have patience according to the text?‎ A．Present reality.‎ B．Constant changes.‎ C．A lack of selfcontrol.‎ D．A strong interest in outcomes.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“learn to recognize that our reality is in constant changes”和倒数第二段中的“The journey of patience is rooted in knowing that our present reality will finally give way to changes”可知，不断变化是我们需要有耐心的原因。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ Five simple things that are actually complex The proof for “1＋1＝2” is 300 pages long ‎__36__ In the early 20th century, Bertrand Russell wanted to prove that mathematics worked, so he decided to start with the simplest concept and prove 1＋1＝2. However, it took the mathematician and philosopher 372 pages of complex sums.‎ Defining the word “the” is really difficult The word “the” is one of the most common words in English.__37__ For example, why do we say, “I have the flu，” but not “I have the headache？” In the Oxford English Dictionary, there are almost two dozen different ways the word can be used in a sentence correctly.‎ Yawning ‎ Some people say we yawn to keep us alert (警觉的) by taking in oxygen. However, various experiments have shown that yawning ‎ actually cools down the brain.__38__ As for why yawning is contagious (感染性的), no one knows that either.‎ Left and right have been confusing philosophers for years Would you explain the concept of left and right in terms of your relative position to a wellknown landmark (地标性建筑)? __39__ It's a question that has been puzzling philosophers for years because, without a point of reference, it's difficult to define what left and right actually are.‎ ‎__40__‎ You'd think that the reason we enjoy things is because it feels good in some way, but it's only half the story. There's a famous experiment where wine experts were fooled into thinking a cheap bottle of wine was an outstanding one just by switching the labels. Their enjoyment of the product wasn't based on appreciation of wine — it was based on the fact that they were told it was good wine.‎ A．What you feel may not be the truth B．We enjoy things for reasons other than enjoyment C．But what if you were talking to one who couldn't see?‎ D．We all know that one plus one equals two, but do you know why?‎ E．In fact, there is no universally agreed theory for why we actually yawn.‎ F．Maybe you'd refer to the move of the Earth or something comparably huge.‎ G．Most of us have probably never stopped to think about how strange a word it actually is.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 本文是说明文。文章列举了五件让人琢磨不透的简单事。‎ ‎36．解析：选D　根据本段标题可知，本段是介绍“关于1＋1＝2的论证有300多页”。D项中的one plus one equals two 符合本段内容。‎ ‎37．解析：选G　根据本空后的例子可知，同样是在说生病，但是有的时候用 the，有的时候不用 the，所以说 the“这个词实际上非常奇怪”，只是因为它太常见了，所以“大部分人从来没想过这回事”。‎ ‎38．解析：选E　本空前两句分别介绍了关于打哈欠的两种不同理论，由此可推测“实际上，关于我们为什么打哈欠现在还没有一个一致同意的理论”。本空后一句中的 no one knows that either 也提示了大家还不知道为什么会打哈欠、打哈欠为什么会传染。‎ ‎39．解析：选C　根据本空前的内容可知，我们有时会以自己与某一地标性建筑的相对位置来定义左右，“但是如果我们是与一个盲人交谈呢”，又该如何定义左右呢？这也是为什么如何定义左右困扰了哲学家很多年。‎ ‎40．解析：选B　根据本段列举的例子及最后一句“Their enjoyment of the product wasn't based on appreciation of wine － it was based on the fact that they were told it was good wine”可知，“我们喜欢一样东西不是因为它能带给我们愉悦，而是因为其他的原因”。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎(2018·河北定州中学模拟)It's the American dream — getting married, buying a home, and settling down to have children. Everyone knows that parenthood is one of the great joys of life and ‎ that it__41__ greatly to one's happiness and sense of wellbeing. But in that __42__， everyone may be wrong. Research shows that not only does having children not__43__ produce increased happiness, but it may actually __44__ it.‎ Sociologist Robin Simon, who studied thousands of American families, __45__ her findings this way: “Parents experience lower levels of emotional wellbeing, less frequent positive emotions and more frequent__46__emotions than their childless peers (同龄人). In fact, no group of parents — married, __47__， step or even empty nest — reported greater emotional wellbeing than people who__48__ had children.”‎ Of course, parenthood is not without its rewards. __49__lower levels of happiness, parents also report more purpose, more meaning, and eventually more __50__ with life than nonparents. But research data do not show that children bring greater happiness to their parents.‎ Why, then, does the belief that children bring great happiness persist (继续存在)? One possible reason is that we learn them from our __51__. People who believe that parenting is a satisfying, lifeimproving experience are more likely to have children than people who don't. The former group has more children to whom to __52__ their beliefs, while the latter group's less rosy prospect (前景) is less likely to get conveyed to the next generation.‎ Another reason for people's continued __53__ in the joys of ‎ parenting has to do with selective recall. When people think of __54__ of their parenting experiences, they are likely to focus on the __55__ rare best of times: a baby's first words or first smile, a fun day at the park, or graduation day. The __56__ of parenthood－nighttime feedings, dirty diapers, fighting siblings (兄弟姐妹) , and so forth－may be much more common but tend to withdraw into the background when parents reflect back on the experience.‎ ‎__57__ when parents are asked whether having children enriches their lives, they tend to __58__ definitely. But when parents' current sense of wellbeing is actually __59__ at various points in time, the truth appears: parents are not actually happier than people who do not have children, and on some occasions the parents actually seem to do __50__. On any given day, parents have fewer freedoms but more worries to deal with than do their childless peers.‎ 语篇解读：对于已婚夫妇而言，是养育子女的人生更幸福呢，还是不要孩子的人生更快乐？‎ ‎41．A.appeals　　　　　　　　 B．subscribes C．contributes D．corresponds 解析：选C　每个人都知道为人父母是人生的快乐之一，而且极大地促进了人们的快乐和幸福感。contribute to 意为“促进，有助于”；appeal to 意为“吸引，迎合”；subscribe to意为“订阅；同意，赞成”；correspond to 意为“与……一致，相符”。‎ ‎42．A.case B．regard C．way D．opinion 解析：选B　但是在那方面，每个人可能都错了。regard意为“方面”；case意为“情况，情形”；way意为“方式，方法”‎ ‎；opinion意为“观点，看法”。‎ ‎43．A.necessarily B．possibly C．normally D．reasonably 解析：选A　研究表明生孩子不仅未必会产生额外的幸福感。necessarily 意为“必要地，必然地”；possibly意为“可能，也许”；normally意为“正常地，常规地”；reasonably意为“合理地，有道理地”。not necessarily意为“未必，不一定”。‎ ‎44．A.remove B．accumulate C．influence D．reduce 解析：选D　根据上文的“produce increased happiness”和前面的but可知，而且事实上还可能减少幸福感。reduce意为“减少，降低”；remove 意为“移动，去除”；accumulate意为“积累，聚积”；influence意为“影响”。‎ ‎45．A.explored B．commented C．summarized D．addressed 解析：选C　研究过成百上千个美国家庭的社会学家鲁宾·西蒙是这样总结她的研究结果的。summarize意为“总结，概括”；explore意为“探索，勘探”；comment意为“评论，发表意见”；address意为“向……讲话；处理，对付”。‎ ‎46．A.negative B．objective C．mixed D．changeable 解析：选A　根据上文的“less frequent positive emotions”可知，父母比没有孩子的同龄人经历更低的情绪幸福感，更少的积极情绪以及更多的消极情绪。negative 意为“消极的，负面的”；objective意为“客观的”；mixed意为“混合的，混杂的”；changeable意为“‎ 易变的，变化多的”。‎ ‎47．A.poor B．independent C．responsible D．single 解析：选D　事实上，无论是双亲家庭、单亲家庭、养父母家庭，还是空巢家庭，没有一组父母觉得自己比那些没有子女的人幸福到哪儿去。single意为“单身的，未婚的”；poor意为“贫困的，贫穷的”；independent意为“独立的，自立的”；responsible意为“负责的，承担责任的”‎ ‎48．A.seldom B．almost C．already D．never 解析：选D　根据上文的“their childless peers”可知，这里指那些没有孩子的人。never意为“从未”；seldom意为“很少”；almost意为“几乎”； already意为“已经”。‎ ‎49．A.In spite of B．In addition to C．Regardless of D．Apart from 解析：选A　尽管幸福水平更低，但报告显示父母们还是比没有孩子的人更有目标、活得更有意义并且最终对人生更满意。in spite of 意为“尽管，虽然”；in addition to意为“除了……还有……”；regardless of 意为“不管，不顾”；apart from意为“除了……还有……”。‎ ‎50．A.disappointment B．satisfaction C．agreement D．discomfort 解析：选B　根据上文的“more purpose, more meaning”可知，父母们比没有孩子的人最终对人生更满意。 satisfaction意为“满足，满意”；disappointment意为“失望，扫兴 ”；agreement意为“‎ 协议，合约”；discomfort意为“不舒服，不适”。‎ ‎51．A.peers B．parents C．friends D．teachers 解析：选B　一个可能的原因是我们从我们的父母那里了解到这些。parents意为“父母”；peer意为“同辈，同龄人”；friend意为“朋友”；teacher意为“老师”。‎ ‎52．A.hold on B．carry on ‎ C．pass on D．rely on 解析：选C　根据下文的“get conveyed to the next generation”可知，前一组人可以向更多的孩子传递他们的观点。 pass on 意为“传递”；hold on意为“抓紧，坚持”；carry on 意为“继续，进行，经营”；rely on意为“依靠，依赖”。‎ ‎53．A.faith B．dream C．honor D．pride 解析：选A　人们一直相信为人父母快乐的另一个原因与选择性记忆有关。faith意为“信心，信仰，信任”；dream意为“梦想”；honor意为“荣誉，荣幸”；pride意为“骄傲，自豪”。‎ ‎54．A.troubles B．theories C．memories D．impressions 解析：选C　根据上文的selective recall可知，当人们回想起他们为人父母的经历时，他们可能……。memory意为“回忆，记忆”；trouble意为“麻烦，烦恼”；theory意为“理论”；impression意为“印象”。‎ ‎55．A.evidently B．slightly C．perfectly D．relatively 解析：选D　他们可能专注于相对少有的美好时光。relatively意为“相对地，比较起来”；evidently意为“明显地，显而易见地”；slightly意为“稍微，略微”；perfectly意为“完美地；十足地，完全地”。‎ ‎56．A.reliefs B．rewards C．stresses D．shortcomings 解析：选C　夜间喂奶、脏尿布、打架的兄弟姐妹等等之类的为人父母的压力可能更常见，但是当父母们回想起这些经历时他们往往已经退居幕后。stress意为“压力”；relief意为“宽慰，减轻”；reward意为“奖赏，报答”；shortcoming 意为“缺点，短处”。‎ ‎57．A.So B．Or C．But D．Though 解析：选A　所以当父母们被问及生孩子是否会充实他们的生活时。so意为“因此，所以”；or意为“或者，否则”；but意为“但是”；though意为“尽管，虽然”。‎ ‎58．A.deny B．contradict C．respond D．agree 解析：选C　根据上文的“when parents are asked”可知，他们往往会作出肯定的回答。respond意为“回答，回应”；deny意为“否认，拒绝承认”；contradict意为“与……矛盾；反驳，驳斥”；agree意为“同意，答应”。‎ ‎59．A.measured B．determined C．balanced D．challenged 解析：选A　但事实上当父母们目前的幸福感在不同的时间进行衡量时，事实就显现出来。measure意为“衡量，测量”‎ ‎；determine意为“决定，下定决心”；balance意为“平衡”；challenge意为“挑战，质疑”。‎ ‎60．A.better B．worse C．less D．more 解析：选B　根据上文的“not actually happier”可知，父母们事实上没有无子女的人快乐，而且有时父母们事实上似乎表现得更糟糕。worse意为“更糟糕的，更差的”；better意为“更好的”；less意为“更少的”；more意为“更多的”。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ Years ago, when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries, I__61__ (live) in the heart of a city. The rent for my apartment was really cheap__62__ it was in the middle of one of the busiest neighborhoods in town. People who visited me used to ask me__63__ I could sleep.“Doesn't the sound of the traffic bother you? How can you get used to__64__ much noise？” You see, there were also rows and rows of shops and bars playing loud music day and night and my apartment was above a really loud and noisy__65__. But I found it all fascinating. If I were ever short__66__ cash and couldn't afford to do anything much, which in those days was usually the case, I could always go outside and take __67__ look around. You see, there were always a great number of tourists visiting the shops, so I could always find someone__68__ (interest) to talk with.And Joe, the owner of the bar below me, could always give me a little money to survive on in exchange for__69__ (do) a few odd jobs for him. At the time, I suppose, I thought I was poor. Sometimes, we don't realize how__70__ (fortune) we are, do we?‎ 语篇解读：‎ 曾经当作者穷困潦倒时，他住在别人认为难以忍受的嘈杂的闹市区，但那些日子却让作者感到非常幸运。‎ ‎61．lived　考查时态。本文描述的是多年前的事，因此用一般过去时。‎ ‎62．because　考查连词。“我”的公寓的房租很便宜，因为“我”住在一个最繁忙的街区里。‎ ‎63．how　考查引导词。根据语境可知，此处表示“外边是繁忙的街区，那我是怎样睡着的？ ”。‎ ‎64．so　考查固定结构。“so much＋不可数名词”意为“如此多的……”。‎ ‎65．one　考查代词。“我”住的公寓在一个很吵闹的商店/酒吧上面。one代指商店或酒吧。‎ ‎66．of　考查介词。be short of 意为“缺少/短缺……”。‎ ‎67．a　考查固定短语。take a look 意为“看一看”，是固定结构。‎ ‎68．interesting　考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“我找到某个有趣的人去交谈”。‎ ‎69．doing　考查非谓语动词。介词for后应跟动词ing 形式。‎ ‎70．fortunate　考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此空应填其形容词形式。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ All my family were staying at home, with the air conditioner turning on. Suddenly, we heard a loud noise in the hall, as if something falls on the ground.We rushed out, only to find the weak ‎ sparrow lying on the floor.Seeing people coming, it wanted to fly. And after it flapped (振) its wing, it couldn't. It must have felt too hot that it wanted to find a cooler place. Fortunately, it didn't see our glass windows and was hit to dizzy. So we got it inside and provided it some water. After a while the sparrow opened its eyes and seemed much well.‎ 答案：第一句：turning→turned 第二句：falls→fell 第三句：第一个the→a 第五句：And→But; wing→wings 第六句：too→so 第七句：Fortunately→Unfortunately; 去掉to 第八句：water前加with 第九句：well→better 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎(2018·衡水调研)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Alice对中国艺术感兴趣，特写信请你向她介绍中国传统艺术。请依据下列要点，给其写封回信。‎ 要点：1.介绍传统艺术——年画；‎ ‎2．欢迎Alice来中国体验中国年画的创作。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 提示词：年画Chinese New Year paintings Dear Alice，‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear Alice，‎ How is everything going? I'm so happy to know that you are interested in Chinese traditional arts from your letter. In my opinion, learning Chinese New Year paintings is the best choice. As is known to us all, Chinese people would like to put up pictures to celebrate the Spring Festival. Chinese New Year paintings cover various subjects, like historical stories, harvests, flowers and birds. As you are good at painting, I believe you can learn the art well quickly. By learning it, you can know more about Chinese culture, and improve your drawing skills.‎ I'm looking forward to seeing you soon in China. ‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hu4a Ⅱ.单元基础回扣练 ‎(一)单句语法填空 ‎1．After a restless night in the tent, I couldn't wait to_get (get) outside into the early morning light.　‎ ‎2．With the climate changing, you should prepare enough clothes.‎ ‎3．Much to my surprise, she behaved as if nothing had_happened (happen). ‎ ‎4．The library along with bookstores provides (provide) reading materials.‎ ‎5．I think all of us should mind our behaviors (behave) in public ‎ places.‎ ‎(二)单句改错 ‎1．I don't know how they will do with the problem.how→what_‎ ‎2．It is silly of me to be annoying with Jim because he is only a fiveyearold child. annoying→annoyed ‎3．Physically activity is health behavior with important consequences for daily wellbeing.Physically→Physical ‎4．Worrying about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.Worrying→Worried ‎5．We should take measures to forbid return illegal cooking oil to dinner tables. return→returning ‎(三)完成句子 ‎1．With_time_going_by,_I got to understand my father.‎ 随着时间的流逝，我逐渐理解了我的父亲。‎ ‎2．Every_time_I_blew_out_the_birthday_candles,_I felt I was the happiest child in the world.‎ 每次吹灭生日蜡烛时，我都觉得自己是世界上最幸福的孩子。‎ ‎3．She doesn't like to wash clothes, so she always have_her_clothes_washed.‎ 她不喜欢洗衣服，所以她总是让别人给她洗衣服。‎ ‎4．Everything in my childhood poured into my mind as_if_they_had_just_happened.‎ 童年的一切一下子涌入我的脑海，仿佛刚刚发生似的。‎ ‎5．The school insisted that a good school (should)_have_strict_rules_and_regulations.‎ 校方坚持主张一所好的学校应该有严格的规章制度。‎