浙江省宁波市九校2018-2019学年高一下学期联考英语试题

浙江省宁波市九校2018-2019学年高一下学期联考英语试题

www.ks5u.com 宁波市2018学年第二学期九校联考高一英语试题 本试卷分第1卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。满分150分, 考试用时120分钟。‎ 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。‎ 第I卷选择题部分 第一部分：听力（共两节, 满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What does the woman’s mother look like?‎ A. She wears glasses. B. She has dark eyes. C. She has white hair.‎ ‎2. How old is the woman now?‎ A. 20 years old. B. 45 years old. C. 65 years old.‎ ‎3. How often does the man see his grandfather?‎ A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month.‎ ‎4. What does the man mean?‎ A. The film is terrible.‎ B. The film can be seen online.‎ C. The film is worth the money.‎ ‎5. What does the man decide to do?‎ A. Look for a parking space.‎ B. Drive to the department store again.‎ C. Go to the department store in a few days.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分）‎ 听下面5段材料。每段材料后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？‎ A. Mother and son.‎ B. Husband and wife.‎ C. Fellow workers.‎ ‎7. What is the man unwilling to do？‎ A Clean the floor.‎ B. Prepare the dimmer sets.‎ C. A range the tables.‎ 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. Why is the man’s blue shirt no longer suitable for him？‎ A. He’s put on much weight.‎ B. He thinks it’s old.‎ C. He’s grown taller.‎ ‎9. What does the woman think of the man？‎ A. Lucky. B. Busy. C. Lazy.‎ 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What does the woman do probably？‎ A. A policewoman. B. A tour guide C. A teacher.‎ ‎11. Who was swimming around？‎ A Nick. B. Melissa. C. Laura.‎ ‎12. What does the woman think of Ken？‎ A. Helpful. B. Dishonest C. Interesting.‎ 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. Why did Fiona decide to write a book about Beatrice Cadbury?‎ A. Beatrice had a surprising life.‎ B. She was interested in the Cadbury family.‎ C. The school Beatrice had started was famous.‎ ‎14. What was Beatrice’s life like in her childhood?‎ A. Difficult. B. Unlucky. C. Comfortable.‎ ‎15. What did Beatrice ask her brother to do?‎ A. Come to her house.‎ B. Stop giving her money.‎ C. Allow her to meet the factory workers.‎ ‎16. Why did Beatrice and her family live in a tent?‎ A. She wanted to live like poor people.‎ B. There were too many people in her house.‎ C. Her children liked to live in a different place.‎ 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. How did the servants deal with their earnings in Victorian times？‎ A. They paid for the housing.‎ B. They bought food and clothes.‎ C. They sent them to their families.‎ ‎18. What was a nurse’s main duty？‎ A. Coking meals. B. Caring for children. C. Educating children.‎ ‎19. How did the Victorian upper class parents treat their children actually？‎ A. Cuell. B. Kindly. C. Srictly.‎ ‎20. What will the speaker talk about next？‎ A. Lower class families.‎ B. Upper class children’s situation.‎ C. Comparisons between upper and lower classes.‎ 第二部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分35分）‎ 第一节（共10小题；每小题25分, 满分25分）‎ 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项、并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ A The trouble started at 9：30 p. m. last New Year’s Eve, in Newmark. When the fire engines（消防车）arrived at the fire, a very old woman was sitting in a third floor window. The firefighters placed a ladder（梯子）against the wooden house, and 26-year-old Marcus Reddick climbed 35 feet to the third floor.‎ The woman, 60 years old and very fat, was sitting with both feet out of the window. When Marcus reached the top of the ladder, the woman, afraid and nervous, put her ‎ two legs around him. Suddenly Marcus fell backwards off the ladder, with the large woman sitting on him. Marcus landed first—hitting a wall beside the front stairs-and broke the woman’s fall. She fell no more, but he fell another ten feet down the stairs. When the fire officer reached him, Marcus was unconscious.‎ Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain dead, and would only get worse. Doctors talked of turning off the life-saving machine and asked if the family would like to give away his heart. The answer was “yes”.‎ On January 6, firefighters lifted Marcus’ coffin（棺材）—covered with an American flag-onto a yellow fire engine. Hundreds of firefighters from all over the state joined the procession（行列）through Newmark streets. Children watched silently from school windows. The day Marcus died, his heart was given away to a young girl. His family said that it was the second life Marcus had saved.‎ ‎1. After reaching the top of the ladder, Marcus ________.‎ A. was very terrified and anxious B. was knocked off and got hurt C. found it difficult to get down D. couldn’t see anything clearly ‎2. The underlined word “unconscious” in Paragraph 2 means“________”.‎ A. homeless B. breathless C. helpless D. senseless ‎3. We can infer from the end of the text that Marcus’ family might feel ________.‎ A. sorrowful but proud B. depressed but excited C. angry and doubtful D. worried and surprised ‎【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了消防员马库斯在救人时不幸受伤脑死亡，受到了全国人民的缅怀和纪念的故事。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中Suddenly Marcus fell backwards off the ladder, with the large woman sitting on him. Marcus landed first—hitting a wall beside the front stairs-and broke the woman’s fall.（突然马库斯从梯子上向后摔了下来，那个大个子女人坐在他身上。马库斯先着地，撞上了前面楼梯旁的一堵墙，摔断了这名女子的腿。）以及最后一句When the fire officer reached him, Marcus was unconscious.（当消防队员赶到他身边时，马库斯已经失去了知觉。）可知到达梯子的顶端后，马库斯被撞倒受伤了。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据下文Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain dead, and would only get worse.可知不到一个小时，一名医生告诉他们，马库斯几乎已经脑死亡，情况只会变得更糟。可知当消防队员赶到他身边时，马库斯受了伤已经失去了知觉。到医院后马库斯几乎已经脑死亡了。故可推测划线单词意思为“无意识的”，故选D。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段On January 6, firefighters lifted Marcus’ coffin-covered with an American flag-onto a yellow fire engine. Hundreds of firefighters from all over the state joined the procession through Newmark streets. Children watched silently from school windows. The day Marcus died, his heart was given away to a young girl. His family said that it was the second life Marcus had saved.（1月6日，消防队员将马库斯的棺材抬上黄色的消防车，棺材上覆盖着美国国旗。来自全国各地的数百名消防员加入了纽马克街道的游行队伍。孩子们从学校的窗户静静地看着。马库斯死的那天，他的心被献给了一个年轻的女孩。他的家人说，这是马库斯救的第二次生命。）可知马库斯受到了大家的纪念和缅怀，因此家人感到悲伤却很骄傲。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 ‎① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。‎ ‎② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。‎ ‎③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。‎ ‎④ ‎ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。‎ ‎⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。‎ 如第二小题，根据下文Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain dead, and would only get worse.可知不到一个小时，一名医生告诉他们，马库斯几乎已经脑死亡，情况只会变得更糟。可知当消防队员赶到他身边时，马库斯受了伤已经失去了知觉。到医院后马库斯几乎已经脑死亡了。故可推测划线单词意思为“无意识的”，故选D。‎ B Nowadays, people all over the world have various ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over-the-counter（非处方的）medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies（治疗） like herbal tea or chicken soup. However, here is the tough truth about the common cold:nothing really cures it.‎ Then why do people sometimes still believe that their remedies work？According to James Taylor, a professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so it’s easy to believe it’s medicine rather than time that deserves to be praised, USA Today reported.‎ To many of us, it still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something as common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figuring out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral（抗病毒的）drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw（拼图）, which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3-D model to study its surface before they can develop an antiviral drug that is effective enough.‎ The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus（鼻病毒）A and B. But they didn’t find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus C, until 2006. All three of them lead to the common cold, but drugs that work well ‎ against rhinovirus A and B don’t work well when used against C.‎ ‎“This accounts for most of the previous failures of drug trials against Thinovirus,”study leader Professor Ann Palmenberg at University of Wisconsin-Madison, US, told Science Daily.‎ Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built a highly-detailed 3-D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.‎ With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don’t really work.‎ ‎4. What does the author think of popular remedies for curing a common cold?‎ A. They are really quite effective.‎ B. They are slightly helpful.‎ C. They still need to be improved.‎ D. They actually don’t work.‎ ‎5. How do antiviral drugs work?‎ A. By identifying the viruses and breaking them up directly.‎ B. By reshaping the top layers of the target cold viruses.‎ C. By attacking the viruses one after another like finishing a jigsaw.‎ D. By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time.‎ ‎6. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.‎ B. Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold.‎ C. Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure.‎ D. Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently.‎ ‎7. What is the best title for this passage?‎ A. Drugs against cold viruses B. Helpful home remedies C. No current cure for common cold D. Research on cold viruses ‎【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。如今，世界各地的人们都有不同的方法来对付感冒。一些人服用阿司匹林等非处方药，而另一些人则尝试草药茶或鸡汤等流行的家庭疗法。然而，关于普通感冒有一个残酷的事实:没有什么能真正治愈它。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句However, here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it.（然而，关于普通感冒有一个残酷的事实:没有什么能真正治愈它。）可知作者认为治疗普通感冒的流行疗法实际上不起作用。故选D。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus.（它们通过附着和改变病毒的表面结构来攻击病毒。）可知抗病毒药物通过重塑目标感冒病毒的顶层发挥作用。故选B。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw, which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3-D model to study its surface before they can develop an antiviral drug that is effective enough.（要做到这一点，这种药物必须像拼图游戏的正确部分一样与病毒相匹配并锁定病毒，这意味着科学家必须先识别出病毒并建立一个三维模型来研究其表面，然后才能开发出足够有效的抗病毒药物。）以及倒数第二段Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built a highly-detailed 3-D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.（如今，在鼻病毒C被发现10多年后，科学家们终于建立了一个高度详细的病毒三维模型，表明病毒的表面与预期的不同，不同于其他感冒病毒。）可推知了解感冒病毒的结构是开发有效治疗方法的关键。故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段Nowadays, people all over the world have various ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over-the-counter（非处方的）medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies（治疗） like herbal tea or chicken soup. However, here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it.‎ ‎（如今，世界各地的人们都有不同的方法来对付感冒。一些人服用阿司匹林等非处方药，而另一些人则尝试草药茶或鸡汤等流行的家庭疗法。然而，关于普通感冒有一个残酷的事实:没有什么能真正治愈它。）以及文章主要内容可知主要围绕着“目前还没有治疗普通感冒的方法”展开。故选C。‎ C When it comes to modern communication, security is a big concern. It seems like we’re forever hearing about hackers leaking emails, passwords and other important personal information.‎ But thanks to a breakthrough by Chinese scientists, who won the 2018 Newcomb Cleveland Prize in February, we may soon never have to worry about our data again. With the cutting-edge technology, a revolutionary satellite called Micius makes the information sent and received safer than ever.‎ So what exactly makes the information sent to and from Micius so secure？Micius is the first satellite of its kind to use quantum key distribution（量子密匙分发）, which uses particles（粒子）that transmit（传输）light to deliver information from one point to another. Currently, it can communicate with two base stations, both of which are located high up in the mountains in two different areas of Tibet, around 1, 200kilometers apart. Data is sent between the satellite and one of the base stations in the form of a ray of light.‎ This makes it almost impossible for data sent and received using quantum satellite technology to be stolen, as the connection will be broken if someone tries to hack it. “Any eavesdropper（偷听者）on the quantum channel attempting to gain information can be found by the communicating users, "the scientists wrote in the paper.‎ However, the technology does have a few limitations. For example, the process only works at night, as the information isn’t able to pass through sunlight. And there’s currently only a 10-minute window each day during which Micius can communicate with each of the base stations, according to Xinhua. This is because the satellite and base station need to be close enough to each other for the information to successfully make it to and from outer space.‎ Despite these small issues, the scientific community across the world has reacted ‎ positively to China’s achievements in this groundbreaking project. "This Chinese experiment is a quite remarkable technological achievement, "Artur Ekert, a professor of quantum physics at the University of Oxford, told BBC News.‎ And Karl Ziemelis, an editor for Nature, told Xinhua, "It’s a witness to China’s investments（投资）and significant efforts in the physical sciences that this group has been able to push research in practical quantum communication technologies to such an astronomical height. ”‎ ‎8. Why it is safe to use quantum key distribution to transfer information？‎ A. The connection will fail if it is hacked.‎ B. It makes the base stations close enough.‎ C. It transfers data too fast for it to be stolen.‎ D. The process often takes place at night.‎ ‎9. According to the text, what’s the attitude of the scientific community towards the satellite Micius？‎ A. It remains unclear whether it will be beneficial or not.‎ B. It is really an impressive technological breakthrough.‎ C. It will promote the investment in quantum-related technologies.‎ D. It doesn’t deserve a lot of attention given its limitations.‎ ‎10. What is the main idea of the text？‎ A. The latest security problems of modern communication.‎ B. Micius’ effect on the development of modern technology.‎ C. The wide applications of quantum key distribution in data transition.‎ D. How Micius works to ensure secure communication and its limitations.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。中国科学家在今年2月凭借一颗名为“墨子号”的革命性卫星获得了2018年纽科姆克利夫兰奖。文章同时说明了“墨子号”如何确保通信安全及其局限性。以及科学界对中国在这一开创性项目中取得的成就都给予了反应积极。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句This makes it almost impossible for data sent and ‎ received using quantum satellite technology to be stolen, as the connection will be broken if someone tries to hack it.（这使得使用量子卫星技术发送和接收的数据几乎不可能被窃取，因为如果有人试图入侵，连接就会断开。）可知使用量子密钥分发传输信息很安全，因为如果有人试图入侵，连接就会断开。故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句Despite these small issues, the scientific community across the world has reacted positively to China’s achievements in this groundbreaking project.（尽管存在这些小问题，但世界科学界对中国在这一开创性项目中取得的成就都给予了反应积极。）可知科学界认为“墨子号”卫星确实是一个令人印象深刻的技术突破。故选B。‎ ‎10题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第二段But thanks to a breakthrough by Chinese scientists, who won the 2018 Newcomb Cleveland Prize in February, we may soon never have to worry about our data again. With the cutting-edge technology, a revolutionary satellite called Micius makes the information sent and received safer than ever.（但由于中国科学家的一项突破，他们在今年2月获得了2018年纽科姆克利夫兰奖，我们可能很快就再也不用担心我们的数据了。凭借尖端技术，一颗名为“墨子号”的革命性卫星使发送和接收的信息比以往任何时候都更安全。）以及文章主要内容可推断，介绍了“墨子号”如何确保通信安全及其局限性。故选D。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Chinese products more popular abroad When riding a Mobike in a street, you are likely to hear passers-by speaking Chinese aloud. ____11____ After entering a store, it’s possible that you’ll see Huawei smartphones for sale. It isn’t referring to a city in China, but Manchester, UK. ___12___Indeed, Chinese products have been going global recently.‎ ‎___13___ But to satisfy local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some necessary changes to the dishes. “One example is the meat, ”said Yin Hang, who is studying at the University of Wollongong in Australia. “We like to eat meat ‎ with bones in while people here don’t. Therefore, Chinese restaurants serve big pieces of meat without bones, even for fish. ”‎ ‎___14___ In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters. More than half of US-owned drones（无人机）are Chinese models, according to China Daily. They’re not only made in China, but designed and developed in the country.‎ In the past, most people in the West thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly. ___15___ “For example, Huawei, one of China’s major smartphone makers, overtook Apple in global smartphone sales for the first time in June and July last year, ”noted consulting firm Counterpoint Research.‎ A. Many Chinese brands are also becoming more and more popular.‎ B. Chinese dishes have been enjoyed in Western countries for a long time.‎ C. “Made in China ”has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands.‎ D. Meanwhile, intonational brands are still enjoying great success in China.‎ E. Turning to the right, you may see a Sichuan-style restaurant.‎ F. In fact, you might see similar things in many other cities around the world.‎ G. What is the biggest problem with many Chinese brands?‎ ‎【答案】11. E 12. F ‎ ‎13. B 14. A ‎ ‎15. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国产品在国外更受欢迎，包括中国的餐饮、中国的品牌以及越老越多的人信任“中国制造”。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 根据上文When riding a Mobike in a street, you are likely to hear passers-by speaking Chinese aloud.（当你在街上骑摩拜单车时，你很可能会听到路人大声说中文。）可知是在街道上，因此向右转，你会看到一家四川风味的餐馆。故E选项符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 根据下文Indeed, Chinese products have been going global recently.（事实上，中国产品最近已经走向全球。）global可对应到F选中around the world ‎，表示“事实上，你可能会在世界上其他许多城市看到类似的事情。”代入符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 根据下文But to satisfy local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some necessary changes to the dishes.（但是为了满足当地人的口味，中餐馆对菜肴做了一些必要的改变。）可知是在讲餐厅，故可对应到B选项Chinese dishes，表示“中国菜在西方国家受欢迎已经有很长时间了。”故选B。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 根据下文In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters.（据路透社报道，在欧洲许多城市，商店出售TCL电视、海尔冰箱和联想电脑。）可知是在说许多中国品牌也变得越来越受欢迎。故选A。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 根据下文“For example, Huawei, one of China’s major smartphone makers, overtook Apple in global smartphone sales for the first time in June and July last year, ”（“例如，去年6月和7月，中国主要智能手机制造商之一华为(Huawei)的全球智能手机销量首次超过苹果(Apple)。”）可知“中国制造”变得很酷，越来越多的人信任中国品牌。故选C。‎ 第三部分语言运用（共两节, 满分45分）‎ 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ It had been cloudy, chilly, rainy and gray for three days. It was November. The colorful autumn leaves had reached their ____16____ and were now falling fast on the hillsides ____17____ the skinny skeletons of bare trees.‎ I pulled my jacket tighter around me as I walked through the cold winds and ____18____ the leaves flying above the ground. I tried to smile but couldn’t. ____19____ delightful intentions, the dark, depressing days were upsetting me. As I walked on through the fallen leaves, my ____20____ slowly got wet. My cold toes didn’t ____21____ me as much as my damp spirits. My body was tired. My energy was low.‎ ‎___22___ I felt something warm all of a sudden. A break in the clouds had ____23____‎ ‎ and sunlight was shining through it down to the earth once again. I closed my eyes and turned my face to the sweet____24____. Its warmth washed over me. I _____25_____ and saw the remaining leaves on the trees sparkling in the sunlight. It made their colors even brighter and more beautiful.‎ I felt my _____26_____ rising again as well. I smiled and thanked nature for this every day _____27_____.‎ Those few minutes of light had _____28_____ me with joy. I felt renewed, ready to _____29_____ light and love to the world myself once again. I walked back home _____30_____ to nature and amazed at what a little break in the clouds can do.‎ In our lives here we all _____31_____ times when the world seems cold, dark, and gray. It is in these times when nature _____32_____ us to break through the clouds ourselves and share our light with the world.‎ It doesn’t _____33_____ much either. A simple hug, a kind word, a caring note can warm and uplift another’s spirits. A helping hand, a shared smile, a tiny act of _____34_____ can shine light into another’s heart.‎ When the gray days come then don’t just sit in the dark. _____35_____ break through the clouds! Share your love! Let the light shine through you!‎ ‎16. A. peak B. hillsides C. goal D. distance ‎17. A. lay B. rested C. stood D. sat ‎18. A. rescued B. packed C. spotted D. recognized ‎19. A. In addition to B. In spite of C. Instead of D. Due to ‎20. A. hands B. jacket C. shoes D. hair ‎21. A. puzzle B. terrify C. please D. bother ‎22. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Moreover D. However ‎23. A. recovered B. arisen C. replaced D. escaped ‎24. A. sunshine B. winds C. rain D. clouds ‎25. A. looked around B. bent down C. set off D. hung out ‎26. A. value B. temperature C. excitement D. mood ‎27. A. appearance B. route C. miracle D. glory ‎28. A. rewarded B. charged C. treated D. filled ‎29. A. donate B. sell C. bring D. introduce ‎30. A. devoted B. grateful C. loyal D. attached ‎31. A. experience B. record C. understand D. admire ‎32. A. longs for B. waits for C. depends on D. calls on ‎33. A. risk B. take C. waste D. save ‎34. A. wisdom B. love C. duty D. confidence ‎35. A. Simply B. Slightly C. Rarely D. Gradually ‎【答案】16. A 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过一次阴天漫步，看到云层中一道裂缝使阳光又一次透过云层照射到地面上，使自己的情绪也再次高涨起来。同时作者领悟到当灰暗的日子来临时，不要只是坐在黑暗中。要冲破云层!分享你的爱!让光透过你!‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：五彩缤纷的秋叶已经达到了顶峰，现在，光秃秃的树木瘦骨嶙峋地矗立在山坡上。A. peak山峰；B. hillsides山坡；C. goal目标；D. distance距离。短语reach one’s peak“到达顶峰”。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：五彩缤纷的秋叶已长到它们的顶峰，现在，光秃秃的树木瘦骨嶙峋地矗立在山坡上。A. lay躺下；B. rested休息；C. stood站；矗立；D. sat坐下。stand此处表示“矗立着；站在”。故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我穿过寒风，看到树叶在地上飞舞时，我把夹克裹得更紧了。A. rescued救援；B. packed包装；C. spotted发现；看到；D. recognized认出。根据句意可知选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管我怀着想让自己愉快的心情，但那些黑暗、沉闷的日子还是使我心烦意乱。A. In addition to另外；B. In spite of尽管；C. Instead of而不是；D. Due to由于。根据句意可知表示“尽管；虽然”，故选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我穿过落叶时，我的鞋子慢慢地湿了。A. hands手；B. jacket外套；C. shoes鞋子；D. hair头发。根据上文As I walked on through the fallen leaves可知是鞋子湿了。故选C。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我冰冷脚趾头并不像我潮湿的灵魂那样让我烦恼。A. puzzle迷惑；B. terrify恐吓；C. please使高兴；D. bother烦扰。根据句意可知表示“烦扰”故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查连接词辨析。句意：然而，我突然感到有些温暖。A. Besides此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover而且；D. However然而。根据上下文语境可知表示转折，故选D。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：云层中出现了一道裂缝，阳光又一次透过云层照射到地面上。A. recovered恢复；B. arisen出现；C. replaced取代；D. escaped逃跑。根据句意可知云层中出现了一道裂缝，故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我闭上眼睛，把脸转向甜美的阳光。A. sunshine阳光；B. winds风；C. rain雨；D. clouds云。根据上文sunlight was shining through it down to the earth once again可知是甜美的阳光。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我环顾四周，看到树上剩下的叶子在阳光下闪闪发光。A. looked around环顾四周；B. bent down弯腰；C. set off动身；D. hung out闲逛。根据下文saw the remaining leaves on the trees sparkling in the sunlight可知是环顾四周看到了叶子。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己的情绪也再次高涨起来。A. value价值；B. temperature 温度；C. excitement激动；D. mood情绪。根据下文I smiled and thanked nature for this every day可知作者的情绪高涨，故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我微笑着感谢大自然，感谢每一天的奇迹。A. appearance外貌；B. route路线；C. miracle奇迹；D. glory光荣。根据上文I smiled and thanked nature for this every day可知是感谢每天的奇迹。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那几分钟的阳光使我满心欢喜。A. rewarded犒劳；B. charged填充；C. treated对待；D. filled装满。短语fill with“充满”。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到焕然一新，准备再次为这个世界带来光明和爱。A. donate捐赠；B. sell出售；C. bring带来；D. introduce介绍。准备再次为这个世界带来光明和爱。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我怀着对大自然的感激之情走回了家，惊叹于云层中一个小小的裂缝所能做的一切。A. devoted献身的；B. grateful感激的；C. loyal忠诚的；D. attached附加的。根据上文I smiled and thanked nature for this可知对大自然是感激之情。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的生活中，我们都经历过世界似乎寒冷、黑暗和灰暗的时刻。A. experience经历；B. record记录；C. understand明白；D. admire钦佩。根据下文times when the world seems cold, dark, and gray可知是经历寒冷、黑暗和灰暗的时刻。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：正是在这个时候，大自然召唤我们冲破云层，与世界分享我们的光明。A. longs for渴望；B. waits for等待；C. depends on依赖于；D. calls on召唤。大自然召唤我们冲破云层，与世界分享我们的光明。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也不会花费太多。A. risk冒险；B. take花费（时间或精力）；C. waste浪费；D. save拯救。根据下文A simple hug, a kind word, a caring note can warm ‎ and uplift another’s spirits.可知指并不会花费太多的精力，故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一只援助之手，一个共同的微笑，一个小小的爱的举动都能照亮别人的心。A. wisdom智慧；B. love爱；C. duty义务；D. confidence自信。根据上文A helping hand, a shared smile, a tiny act of可知是一个小小的爱的举动。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：无非是冲破云层!A. Simply仅仅；只是；B. Slightly轻微地；C. Rarely很少地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据上文When the gray days come then don’t just sit in the dark.可推断，此处说的是只是是要冲破云层。故选A。‎ 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题部分 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ China, once famous for four inventions in ancient times, has once again showed its ability ___36___ （change）the world with its“new four great inventions”：electronic payments, shared bicycles, high-speed railways and online shopping.‎ With electronic payments, people can buy and eat ____37____ they want simply with a tap of their phones. Electronic payments are so convenient that they are really popular with folks. Even pancake sellers are found ____38____（use）Alipay. The bikes themselves are not new, ____39____the operating model of bike-sharing is innovative. Chinese companies have surprised the world with the business model of bike-sharing which ___40___ （include）high technologies, and are entering overseas markets such as Singapore and Britain. The launch of high-speed trains has a ___41___（big）influence on people’s choice of traveling than expected. The newly launched Fuxing Hao can travel at an____42____ （amaze）speed of 300 km/h, making the 1, 318km joumey in five and three-quarter hours. China also takes the lead in online shopping with various e-commerce platforms. ___43___ the 11. 11 shopping day in 2018, sales hit 10 billion yuan in the first 2 minutes after midnight and ____44____（reach）213. 5 bilion by the end of the day.‎ Thanks to the large amounts of capital（资金）China has invested in encouraging ‎ inmovation（创新）, China has entered ____45____ new innovative time.‎ ‎【答案】36. to change ‎ ‎37. whatever/what ‎ ‎38. using 39. but ‎ ‎40. includes ‎ ‎41. bigger 42. amazing ‎ ‎43. On 44. had reached ‎ ‎45. a ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。中国在古代曾经以四大发明而自豪，本文讲述今天中国正在以"新的四大发明"领先世界。新的四大发明是：高速铁路、电子支付、共享自行车和网上购物。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国，在古代以四大发明而自豪，今天它再次以它"新的四大发明"展示了改变世界的能力。短语ability to do sth．表示"做……的能力"，故填to change。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查引导词。句意：有了电子支付，人们只需轻敲一下手机就能买到和吃到（无论什么）东西。通过分析可知这里是一个宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，结合语境可知此处表达"人们可以买他们想要的东西"，因此填what，意为"……东西"。或表示强调“无论什么东西”，填whatever。故填what/whatever。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：甚至卖煎饼的人也在使用支付宝。短语be found doing sth.“被发现在做某事”，故填using。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：自行车本身并不新鲜，但共享单车的运营模式是创新的。根据语境可知上下文为转折关系，故填but。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查主谓一致。句意：中国企业共享单车的商业模式令世界惊讶，其中包括高科技，它们正进军新加坡和英国等海外市场。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the business model of bike-sharing，且在从句中做主语，故谓语动词应用单数形式。故填includes。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：高铁的推出对人们出行选择的影响比预期的要大。根据下文than expected可知应用形容词比较级，故填bigger。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：新推出的“复兴号”可以以惊人的速度行驶300公里/小时，结果1318公里的飞行在5小时45分内就能完成。本句中修饰名词speed，修饰物应用-ing结尾形容词，故填amazing。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：2018年双十一购物日，午夜过后的头2分钟，销售额就达到了100亿元人民币，截止当日收盘，销售额已达2135亿元。在具体的某一天应用介词on。置句首单词首字母大写，故填On。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意同上。根据下文by the end of the day“截止一天结束时”可知应用过去完成时。故填had reached。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：中国进入了一个新的创新时代。time做“时代”讲为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个时代”故填不定冠词a。‎ ‎【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。如第二小题，通过分析可知这里是一个宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，结合语境可知此处表达"人们可以买他们想要的东西"，因此填what，意为"……东西"。或表示强调“无论什么东西”，填whatever。故填what/whatever。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）‎ 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）‎ ‎46.假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友Chris写信告诉你由于他常在手机上玩在线游戏上瘾, 导致学习成绩下降, 而且为此和父母发生了争吵, 心里很烦恼。你回信劝说他正确解决这个问题。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 表示理解：2. 指出玩手机在线游戏上瘾的危害3. 提出建议, 例如跟父母亲好好沟通等。‎ 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Chris,‎ I’m sorry to hear that you’ re suffering from online game addiction. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Chris,‎ I’m sorry to hear that you’ re suffering from online game addiction. I completely understand how you feel and I’m writing to help you with the problem. ‎ Actually, long-time exposure to online games affects not only your academic performance but also your health. I’d like to offer you some suggestions. First of all, start some other hobbies, such as reading and working out regularly, which will take your mind off the game and help you resist the temptation. ‎ Besides, it is also a necessity to have a heart-to-heart conversation with your parents. ‎ I hope these ideas can help you get rid of your addiction as soon as possible. ‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友Chris写信告诉你由于他常在手机上玩在线游戏上瘾, 导致学习成绩下降, 而且为此和父母发生了争吵, 心里很烦恼。你回信劝说他正确解决这个问题。内容包括：1. 表示理解：2. 指出玩手机在线游戏上瘾的危害3. 提出建议, 例如跟父母亲好好沟通等。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：online game（网络游戏），exposure to（接触），academic performance（学校表现）；work out（锻炼），temptation（诱惑）；heart-to-heart（诚实的）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Actually, long-time exposure to online games affects not only your academic performance but also your health.运用了not only…but also结构；First of all, start some other hobbies, such as reading and working out regularly, which will take your mind off the game and help you resist the temptation.运用了非限定性定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节读后续写（满分25分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ It was late spring When my mom and I were driving through the countryside. Back then I was 13 years old and always felt unhappy with Mom. However, little did I know that this trip was going to be a special one.‎ A pot of flowers satin he back seat, whose pleasant smell filled the car . Suddenly, in the middle of nowhere, my mom pulled over. “What are you doing? “I cried, fearing that the car had broken down and we’d be stuck there, so far from home. Fortunately, that wasn’t the case. My mom hopped out of the car, grabbing the flowers from the back seat. “It’ll just be a minute, ”she called back through the open windows.‎ Impatiently, I cast my eyes towards the edge of the road before they settled on a little sign showing that it was a nursing home. I looked back to the building,‎ ‎ somewhat annoyed, as my mom reappeared empty-handed.‎ Before she started the car, curiosity drove me to ask, “Do you know someone there?” She shook her head. “Then what did you do with the flowers?” She smiled slightly, “I gave them to the receptionist（前台接待员）. ”“What？”She laughed at my confusion. “I told the receptionist to give the flowers to whoever needed them, especially those who haven’t received any in a while. ”‎ I kept silent for a moment. Not long after we went on with our driving, I spoke again, “Did you leave your name? “To this she answered instantly, “No. Leaving flowers there for someone who will appreciate them makes me feel good, which is enough of a thank for me. ”‎ Suddenly, still thinking about Mom’s deeds, I heard something burst loudly. It was our car that broke down! Nothing could be worse, because neither my mom nor I understood how to repair it, and we didn’t know where the garage was. It also seemed impossible to wait for any passerby, since we had seen so few along the way.‎ 注意：1. 所续写的短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4. 续写完成后, 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1‎ I let out a sigh while my Mum rooted herself against the car worrying about what could be done. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2‎ As we drove along, a flower shop came into sight on the road.‎ ‎ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1：‎ I let out a sigh while my Mum rooted herself against the car worrying about what could be done. But after waiting in vain for a considerable time, Mom and I decided to walk back the road to the nursing home and seek help. God knows how far we had driven! When we arrived, the receptionist was surprised, but warmly helped us contact the garage. There, the old men who had received the flowers were excited to meet us, talking about how great that day was. It amazed us what random actions of kindness could mean to the people who received them. While we were laughing and talking merrily, we received the news that the garage had got our car repaired. ‎ Paragraph 2: ‎ As we dove alone, a flower shop came into sight on the road. I asked Mum to pull up and paced quickly into the flower shop, where a bunch of flowers glowing red in full bloom caught my eye. Having witnessed the effect of kindness, I decided to send Mom the sweet flowers. Soon, the pleasant scent filled the car again. Mom tried to conceal her excitement, but the glittering tears failed her. Through this trip, I discovered that, despite my occasional anger towards her, I actually felt proud of her. This was the trip of my life.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇读后续写。‎ ‎【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，讲述了作者和母亲去买花的路上，母亲将花送去了养老院，告诉接待员把花送给任何需要的人，尤其是那些有一段时间没有收到花的人。结果他们的车抛锚了，妈妈和作者都不知道怎么修理它，也不知道车库在哪里。似乎也不可能等待任何路人，因为我们在路上见过的人很少。‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：我叹了口气，而我的妈妈则紧紧地靠在汽车上，担心着该怎么办。所以后文应该是讲述母亲和作者决定回养老院求助，以及到达养老院后所发生的事情。‎ 第二段开头是：当我们开车前进时，路上出现了一家花店。本段应该写他们在花店所发生的事情，作者决定给妈妈送甜蜜的花。并感悟到这是我生命中的一次特别的旅行。‎ 续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：in vain，considerable time，come into sight等高级词汇；时间状语从句When we arrived, the receptionist was surprised, but warmly helped us contact the garage.；定语从句I asked Mum to pull up and paced quickly into the flower shop, where a bunch of flowers glowing red in full bloom caught my eye.等高级句式。‎ ‎ ‎