吉林省示范高中（四平一中、梅河口五中、白城一中等）2020届高三第五次模拟联考英语试题 Word版含解析

吉林省示范高中（四平一中、梅河口五中、白城一中等）2020届高三第五次模拟联考英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 英语试题 注意事项： 1.本试卷分为四部分。 2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。 3 .全部答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4.本试卷满分 150 分，测试时间 120 分钟。 5 .考试范围：高考全部内容。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题; 每小题 1. 5 分，满分 7. 5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选岀最佳选项。 听完每段对 话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一 遍。 1. How much will the woman probably pay for the skirt? A. $ 30. B $ 70. C. $ 100. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Repairman and customer. B. Manager and employee. C. Good friends. 3. Where is the man now? A. In his room. B. In his mother's room. C. In the living room. 4. Why does the woman learn Spanish? A. To be an interpreter. B. To travel abroad. C. To get a diploma, 5. What's wrong with Martha? A. She can't see clearly. B. She doesn't forgive. C. She is having trouble with work. 第二节（共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5 分，满分 22. 5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项， 并标在试卷相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小 题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 - 2 - 6. When does the conversation possibly take place? A. On Monday. B. On Friday. C. On Sunday. 7. What does the woman like to do at the beach? A. Reading a book. B. Surfing in the waves. C. Doing water sports. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. What does the man order first? A. Steak. B Drinks. C. Dessert. 9. What does the New York steak come with? A. Veggies and salad, B. Chicken and cheese. C. Veggies and potatoes. 10. What kind of steak does the man order? A. Medium. B. Well done. C. Rare. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. How do most readers find Island Intrigue? A. Absurd. B. Boring. C. Thrilling. 12. What kind of books do the speakers both like? A. Horror stories. B. Science fictions. C. Adventures. 13. What will the speakers do? A. Exchange books. B. Go to the library together. C. Fix a time to communicate ideas. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。 14. Which line should the man take first? A. The blue line. B. The gray line. C. The green line. 15. What should the man do once on 83rd street? A. Turn left. B. Go straight. C. Turn right. 16. What is opposite the post office? A. The bank, B. Andrew Square. C. Jack's Ban - 3 - 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What do we know about pizza? A. It is originated in America. B. It is very popular in America. C. 37 billion pizzas are consumed a year. 18. What is the speaker's attitude toward adding bacon to pizza? A. Negative. B. Curious. C. Appreciative, 19. What is the feature of "Americanized" pizza? A. It has different shapes. B. It is sold in restaurants. C. It has the same toppings. 20. What does the speaker intend to tell us? A. Pizza in America. B. Pizza in Italy. C. Pizza and its toppings. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Amsterdam Destination Guide Amsterdam is one of the most popular travel destinations in the world, famous for its beautiful canals, top art museums and cycling culture. Must-See Attractions Most visitors begin their Amsterdam adventure in the Old Centre, which is full of traditional architecture, shopping centers and coffee shops. Don't miss the Dam Square and the areas around Spui and Nieuwmarkt. You'll also want to check out Amsterdam's Museum Quarter in the South District，which is great for shopping and having a picnic in the Vondelpark, The top museums to visit are the Rijksmusuem, the Ann Frank House, and the Van Gogh Museum. If You Have Time There are several other unique districts in Amsterdam, and you should try to - 4 - explore as many of them as time allows. The Canal Ring is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was originally built to attract wealthy home owners and is a center for celebrity spotting and nightlife today. The Plantage area has most of the city's museums, including the Jewish Historical Museum，the Scheepvaart Museum，and the botanical gardens. Transportation Travelers should be aware that Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is one of the busiest airports in the world. This airport is located about 15 kilometers southwest of city center. You can catch a train from Schiphol to Amsterdam Central Station, which has many connecting routes. It's typically not a good idea to drive a car to the city center because traffic is very busy and parking is difficult to find. Cycling is incredibly popular here, and it's easy to find cheap bike rentals around town. Amsterdam has a flat place and is a great city to explore on foot. Recommended Restaurants Amsterdam is a top destination for foodies，so it can incredibly difficult to narrow down your dining choices. You are sure to find a restaurant that suits your taste. 1. Which place do most visitors see first in Amsterdam? A. The Old Center. B. The Dam Square, C. Spui and Nieuwmarkt, D. The Museum Quarter. 2. What do we know about the Canal Ring? A. It was built by rich people. B. It is a beautiful natural river, C. Many famous people live here. D. Visitors here are all museum lovers. 3. How can you get to the city center from the airport? A. By bike. B. By train, C. By car. D. By bus. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章向读者介绍了去荷兰著名的旅游城市阿姆斯特丹的相关信息。 - 5 - 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Most visitors begin their Amsterdam adventure in the Old Centre”可知，多数游客来到阿姆斯特丹首先参观的是 Old Center。故选 A 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Canal Ring is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was originally built to attract wealthy home owners and is a center for celebrity spotting and nightlife today”可知，Canal Ring 起初兴建的目的就是吸引有钱人来居住，时至今日 也有名人常常会出现，与 C 选项“很多名人住在这里”说法相符。故选 C 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“You can catch a train from Schiphol to Amsterdam Central Station”可知，游客可以乘火车从 Schiphol 机场到阿姆斯特丹中央火车站，也就是市中心。 故选 B 项。 B Even if you’ve never been to Phoenix, you know this about the place: It’s hot. But that doesn't stop hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile trek (跋涉) to the top of the city’s famed Camelback Mountain. Signs warn that the trail is “extremely difficult”. If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. And if you keep climbing, another sign farther up declares; “If you’re halfway through your water turn around!” Unfortunately, many people do not pay attention to the warnings. Fortunately, Scott Cullymore does. The 53-year-old man hikes up and down Camelback a couple of times a day giving out cold bottles of water to worn-out hikers. He has helped so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel. I’d like a more manly name, but, you know, he told azfamily, com. Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 2015 when a British tourist died after being lost for nearly six hours in the July heat. That experience inspired him to start helping people caught unaware by Arizona’s unforgiving version of Mother Nature. “They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate what they can do, and they get themselves in trouble,” he told the Arizona Republic. If a hiker has a red face and is not sweating anymore, Cullymore reaches into his insulated (隔 - 6 - 热的) backpack, pulls out a frosty bottle, and hands it to the person. “It’s misleading that we’re in the middle of the city. You can die up here, and no one would know.” One hiker who received Cullymore’s water agrees. “You think you know the heat, but then you get out here in the desert and it surrounds you like a blanket,” he said, pointing to Cullymore, “but we are lucky, we run into this good man here.” And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need. 4. What is the purpose of the signs along the hike way? A. To show the trek is difficult. B. To warn hikers to take enough water. C. To frighten people to give up. D. To avoid hikers getting lost. 5. What does Scott Cullymone think of his nickname? A. It’s womanish. B. It’s manly. C. It’s ironic, D. It’s appropriate. 6. Who will Scott offer his help to? A. Anybody he meets. B. Those in the middle of the trek. C. Anyone in need of water. D. Those who sweat a lot. 7. What can be the best title of this text? A. A Desert-Like Mountain B. Fighting against Heat C. Necessities for Hiking D. Water Angel 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Cullymore 免费给登山者送冷藏饮用水的故事。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中 Signs warn that the trail is “extremely difficult”. If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person.可知， 路途中的那些指示牌告诫人们这条路很难，需要带足够的水。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中 I’d like a more manly name 可知，他希望他的外号更有男子 气概一些，说明他认为 the Water Angel 这个名字有点儿女孩气。故选 A。 - 7 - 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 If a hiker has a red face and is not sweating anymore, Cullymore reaches into his insulated (隔热的) backpack, pulls out a frosty bottle, and hands it to the person.可知，只要 Cullymore 看到有人脸色泛红，不再出汗，他就递 上一瓶冷水。故选 C。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了 Cullymore 为缺水的徒步旅行者送水的故事，他因此获得 the Water Angel 的外号。因此用这个外号作为标题，很切题意。故选 D。 C Lions are most successful at hunting animals during the darker period of the moon’s cycle. But how those prey (猎物) respond to changing threats as the night’s light changes throughout a month has been a mystery. Scientists spied on four of the lions' favorite prey species for several years. They fixed 225 cameras across an area. When animals came by, the cameras responded by taking their pictures. The prey — wildebeests (角马), zebras, gazelles (瞪羚) and buffalo — are all plant eaters. To meet their food needs, such species must searching for food frequently, even at night. The cameras showed that these species respond to changing risks across the lunar cycle in different ways. Common wildebeests, which make up a third of the lion’s diet, were the most sensitive to the lunar cycle. These animals appeared to set their plans for the entire night based on the moon’s change. During the darkest period of the month, they’d park themselves in a safe area. But as the nights got brighter, wildebeests were more willing to venture into places where run-ins with lions were likely. Weighing as much as 900 kilograms, the African buffalo are a lion’s most tough prey. They also were least likely to change where and when they searched for food throughout the lunar cycle. But as nights got darker, the buffalo were more likely to form herds (兽群). Plain zebras and gazelles also changed their evening routines with the lunar cycle. But unlike the other prey these animals reacted more directly to changing light levels across an evening. Gazelles were more active after the moon had come up. Zebras were - 8 - sometimes up and about and doing things before the moon had risen. These behaviors show the wide-reaching effects of moonlight. It offers a very clear example of how the presence or absence of the moon can have fundamental, ecosystem-level impacts. 8. What can we infer from the first paragraph? A. Lions are excellent night hunters. B. How lions hunt has always been a mystery. C. Moonlight is a threat to the lion’s prey. D. Lion’s prey likes hunting for food at night 9. What do wildebeests usually do when there is no moon at night? A. Look for food. B. Wander in the filed C. Stay in a safe place. D. Explore dangerous places. 10. How do buffalo deal with the risk from lions when it is darker? A. They stay still at a place. B. They troop to search food. C. They ignore the lion. D. They change places frequently. 11. Which part of the site might this article come from? A. Food. B. Animal. C. Astronomy. D. Environment. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了月光变化对几种野生动物夜间活动的不同影响。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 Lions are most successful at hunting animals during the darker period of the moon’s cycle.可知，狮子最擅长在月亮周期较暗的时候捕猎动物。 由此可知，狮子是极好的夜间猎手。故选 A。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 During the darkest period of the month, they’d park themselves in a safe area.可知，在一个月最黑暗的时候，它们会把自己停在一个安全的 地方。由此可知，在月光最暗的时候，角马会在安全的地方待着。故选 C。 【10 题详解】 - 9 - 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 But as nights got darker, the buffalo were more likely to form herds (兽群).可知，但随着夜晚变黑，野牛更有可能成群结队。由此可知，夜幕降临 的时候，水牛会结成群来觅食，以应对狮子的威胁。故选 B。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了月光变化对几种野生动物夜间活动的不同影响，属于动物知识 范畴。由此可知，这篇文章也许来自于网站的动物部分。故选 B。 D Printed circuit boards are vital components of modern electronics. However, once they have served their purpose, they are often burned or buried in landfills, polluting the air, soil and water. Most concerning are the flame retardants （阻燃剂）added to printed circuit boards to keep them from catching fire. Now, researchers reporting in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering have developed a ball-milling method to break down these potentially harmful compounds enabling safer disposal （处理）. Composed of 30% metallic and 70% nonmetallic particles, printed circuit boards support and connect all of the electrical components of a device. Metallic components can be recovered from circuit boards easily using traditional methods leaving behind nonmetallic particles including those flame retardants and other additives. Scientists have found that compounds in those flame retardants can do harm to people's health, especially to those women who are pregnant. Therefore researchers have been wanting to develop a new method to remove the flame retardants from waste printed circuit boards so that they wouldn't do harm to people and the environment. The researchers broke down printed circuit boards and removed the metallic components. Then，they put the nonmetallic particles into a ball mill — a rotating （旋转的）machine that uses hard stone balls to make materials into very small pieces. They also added iron powder, which prior studies had shown was helpful for removing chemicals from organic compounds. After ball-milling, the harmful chemicals on the surface of the particles had decreased by 50%・ The researchers determined that during the ball-milling process, iron transferred electrons to flame retardant compounds causing the internal structure to stretch and break. The authors acknowledge funding from the 111 Project, the Natural Science - 10 - Foundation of Guangdong Province, China and the Pearl River Star of Science and Technology. 12. People are concerned most about the flame retardants because A. they are harmful and hard to remove B. they keep circuit boards from catching fire C. they make up the largest part in electronics D. they are mixed up with other components 13. What is the function of the printed circuit board? A. Making electronics small and light. B. Preventing electronics catching fire. C. Connecting all electrical components, D. Allowing easy disposal after being used, 14. What does the author mainly intend to tell us in paragraph 3? A. How to operate the ball milk B. The ball-milling process and its result. C. The high efficiency of the new method. D. Why iron powder is added to the process. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The authors are short of money. B. Over 100 projects support the authors, C. The researchers will make much money. D. The ball-milling method is promising. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。电路板是现代电器中的重要组成部分，但其使用后不经妥善处理会给环境 造成污染，文章介绍了一种用球磨机处理电路板的新方法。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Metallic components can be recovered from circuit boards easily using traditional methods leaving behind nonmetallic particles including those flame retardants and other additives. Scientists have found that compounds in those - 11 - flame retardants can do harm to people's health, especially to those women who are pregnant.”可知，阻燃剂这类非金属的物质是难以用传统方法去除的，而且其中所含的成分 会对人体健康造成威胁。故选 A 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Composed of 30% metallic and 70% nonmetallic particles， printed circuit boards support and connect all of the electrical components of a device.”可知，电路板用以支持并连接设备的所有电子元件。故选 C 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“After ball-milling, the harmful chemicals on the surface of the particles had decreased by 50%.”并结合本段内容可知，这里主要讲述用球磨机 分离电路板中的有害物质的过程以及最终达到的效果，这正是作者想要表述的东西。故选 B 项。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The authors acknowledge funding from the 111 Project, the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China and the Pearl River Star of Science and Technology.”可知，该技术的创始人获准了“111 项目”、广东省自然科学基 金和珠江科技之星的资助，由此推知这个新的处理方法是有希望、有前途的。故选 D。 第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Order Coffee at Starbucks Learning how to order coffee at Starbucks can be tricky, and if you think that ordering coffee at Starbucks is confusing, you are not alone. ___16___Things move quickly as their employees try to serve customers as efficiently as possible. Orders are generally taken at one of the cash registers. You will be asked for your first name, which you should state clearly. ___17___. Don't be offended if they spell your name incorrectly. People who have unique or hard — to — spell names will sometimes use an easy ''Starbucks'' name when ordering, like Mike or Amy. ___18___ Their terms for size are：Tall, Grande, Venti, and Trenta. Although if you order a small, medium, large, or extra-large drink they will still understand - 12 - you. For ordering basic coffee, beyond specifying the size you want, you will need to tell the server whether you want regular or decaffeinated (脱去咖啡因 的)coffee.___19___ If you intend to add cream or milk to your coffee, say with room for cream, or simply, with room. If you want a full cup, say no room. Read the list above the counter ahead of time, because they may not ask you which you would like. ___20___. When you order, say the size you want first, then give the name of the drink, and finally add the special instructions last. A. Starbucks is often a very busy place B. Starbucks offers all kinds of coffee C. Otherwise，they will assume that you want regular D. Sometimes they will write your name in short forms E. The ordering process is complicated because they use terms to describe drink size F. Finally, if you are very particular about the freshness of your coffee, ask in advance G. Your name will immediately be written on your cup and called out when, your drink is ready 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. F 【解析】 这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了如何在星巴克点咖啡。 【16 题详解】 根据下文 Things move quickly as their employees try to serve customers as efficiently as possible.(因为他们的员工努力尽可能高效地为客户服务，所以事情进展得很快)可知， 星巴克是一个很繁忙的地方，A. Starbucks is often a very busy place(星巴克是个非常 繁忙的地方)与下文承接自然，故选 A 项。 【17 题详解】 上文 You will be asked for your first name, which you should state clearly.(你会被 问道你的名字，你应该说清楚)与 G. Your name will immediately be written on your cup and called out when, your drink is ready(你的名字会立刻写在你的杯子上，当叫你的名 - 13 - 字时，你的饮料就好了)承接自然，员工问顾客名字的目的是把名字写在杯子上，name 是关键 词，故选 G 项。 【18 题详解】 下文 Their terms for size are：Tall, Grande, Venti, and Trenta.(他们描述大小的术语 有：Tall, Grande, Venti, and Trenta.)与 E. The ordering process is complicated because they use terms to describe drink size(点单的过程很复杂，因为他们用术语来描述饮料 的大小)承接自然，后面的术语体现了点单的复杂，terms 是关键词，故选 E 项。 【19 题详解】 上文 For ordering basic coffee, beyond specifying the size you want, you will need to tell the server whether you want regular or decaffeinated coffee (点基本的咖啡， 除了指定你想要的大小，你还需要告诉服务员你是想要普通咖啡还是脱咖啡因的咖啡)与 C. Otherwise，they will assume that you want regular(否则，他们会认为你想要普通的。) 承接自然，选项是对上文 whether you want regular or decaffeinated coffee 的进一步解 释，regular 是关键词，故选 C 项。 【20 题详解】 上文 If you intend to add cream or milk to your coffee, say with room for cream, or simply, with room. If you want a full cup, say no room. Read the list above the counter ahead of time, because they may not ask you which you would like. (如果你想在咖啡 里放牛奶或奶油，就说“留点空间加奶油”，或者只说“留点空间”。如果你要满杯，就说 没有空间。提前阅读柜台上面的清单，因为他们可能不会问你要哪种。)与 F. Finally, if you are very particular about the freshness of your coffee, ask in advance(最后，如果 你对咖啡的新鲜度很挑剔，可以提前询问)承接自然，上下文讲述了在星巴克点咖啡的几种可 能性，故选 F 项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 In the late 1990s, I came across an individual with my same last name of Boyter. As you probably already know, Boyter isn’t that common of a ___21___. We sat and___22___for several hours that day. As we talked I couldn’t help but - 14 - notice how his general ___23___ and manner reminded me of my grandpa Boyter. He told a story of his ___24___ James Boyter who, in the 1870s, left Scotland and ___25___ the United States with his older brother Alexander. According to our family ___26___, the two brothers got into ___27___ for hunting on royal land. So they escaped to the U.S. with their family and___28___ in the Southern Utah town. I sat and ___29___ as this man told me this story. I kept ____30____ and held my excitement inside until he finished telling the story. I had heard that exact ____31____ story countless times at family gatherings all during my childhood. Now here was a complete “____32____” telling me this story. I ____33____ knew how we were related! He was ____34____ when I told him that I was a descendant (后代) of the older brother Alexander: my great-great grandfather Boyter. ____35____ the effort of life story preservation of the descendants of James Boyter, we ____36____ where we came from. We should not forget to ____37____ stories of our brothers and sisters and other close family members into our own journals, ____38____ and autobiographies. What we include in the account of our life story may make all the ____39____ in the world to your brother or sister’s descendants generations from now. All because you ____40____ it in your own history! 21. A. name B. place C. word D. man 22. A. rested B. played C. talked D. waited 23. A. idea B. knowledge C. condition D. look 24. A. brother B. ancestor C. acquaintance D. name 25. A. traveled around B. returned to C. passed by D. came to 26. A. tree B. life C. story D. tradition 27. A. confusion B. debt C. trouble D. politics 28. A. settled B. suffered C. grew D. retired 29. A. laughed B. hesitated C. listened D. sighed 30. A. silent B. calm C. busy D. cautious - 15 - 31. A. interesting B. meaningful C. same D. simple 32. A. storyteller B. stranger C. gentleman D. member 33. A. fortunately B. recently C. slowly D. immediately 34. A. worried B. regretted C. moved D. excited 35. A. Regardless of B. Rather than C. Thanks to D. As with 36. A. wonder B. know C. choose D. forget 37. A. include B. create C. change D. copy 38. A. fictions B. letters C. brochures D. diaries 39. A. choice B. difference C. money D. arrangement 40. A. read B. polished C. recorded D. found 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者遇见了一个同姓的陌生人，通过聊他的家世，作者得知他们是同一 个祖上。作者认为一定要把家族成员的故事保留好。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可能已经知道，Boyter 不是一个常见的名字。A. name 名字；B. place 地方；C. word 单词；D. man 人。根据上文 I came across an individual with my same last name of Boyter 可知，此处指的是 Boyter 这个名字并不常见。故选 A。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天我们坐着聊了好几个小时。A. rested 休息；B. played 玩； C. talked 聊天；D. waited 等。根据下文 As we talked I couldn’t help but 可知，他们 两个坐着谈话，聊天。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们交谈时，我不由自主地注意到他大体的样子和举止使我想 起了我的 Boyter 爷爷。A. idea 主意；B. knowledge 知识；C. condition 条件；D. look 容 貌。根据故事内容可知，作者和那个人是同一个家族，他的容貌和举止让作者想起了他的爷 - 16 - 爷 Boyter。故选 D。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他讲述了他的祖先 James Boyter 的故事，Boyter 在 19 世纪 70 年 代离开苏格兰，与哥哥 Alexander 来到美国。A. brother 兄弟；B. ancestor 祖先；C. acquaintance 熟人；D. name 名字。根据后面的年份 1870s 可知，James Boyter 是他们家族 的祖先。故选 B。 【25 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. traveled around 四处旅行；B. returned to 回到；C. passed by 通过；D. came to 来到。根据下文的故事可知，这两个兄弟与皇家产生了纠纷，不得不离 开苏格兰来到美国。故选 D。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据我们家族的故事，这两兄弟因为在皇家土地上打猎而惹上了 麻烦。A. tree 树；B. life 生活；C. story 故事；D. tradition 传统。作者的祖先如何从 英国来到美国，这是他们的家族故事。故选 C。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. confusion 困惑；B. debt 债务；C. trouble 麻烦；D. politics 政治。根据下句中的 escaped to the U. S 可知，他们不是正常来到美国，而是逃到美国。 由此推知，他们在皇家土地上打猎而惹上了麻烦。故选 C。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是，他们带着家人逃往美国，在犹他州南部的一个小镇定居下 来。A. settled 定居；B. suffered 遭受；C. grew 成长；D. retired 退休。根据整个故事 内容可知，他们在南犹他州定居下来。故选 A。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐着听这个人给我讲这个故事。A. laughed 笑；B. hesitated 犹豫；C. listened 听；D. sighed 叹息。根据下文 I kept ___10___ and held my excitement inside until he finished telling the story.可知，那个人在讲故事的过程中，作者一直 没说话，也就是一直在听。故选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我保持沉默，抑制住内心的激动，直到他讲完故事。A. silent 沉默的；B. calm 镇定的；C. busy 忙碌的；D. cautious 谨慎的。根据 held my excitement - 17 - inside 可知，作者没有把兴奋表达出来，也就是保持沉默，没说话，认真听。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的童年时代，我在家庭聚会上无数次听到同样的故事。A. interesting 有趣的；B. meaningful 有意义的；C. same 同样的；D. simple 简单的。根据 故事内容及下文 Now here was a complete “___12___” telling me this story.可知，那 人讲的故事，和作者在家族聚会时听到的故事是同一个故事。故选 C。 【32 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，一个完全的“陌生人”给我讲了这个故事。A. storyteller 讲故事的人；B. stranger 陌生人；C. gentleman 绅士；D. member 成员。根据语境可知，讲 家族故事的那个人作者不认识，是个完全的陌生人。故选 B。 【33 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻就知道我们是有关系的！A. fortunately 幸运地；B. recently 最近；C. slowly 慢慢地；D. immediately 立刻。根据常识可知，他的家族故事和作者的一 样，作者立刻就明白了他们两个的关系。故选 D。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉他我是哥哥 Alexander——我的曾曾祖父 Boyter 的后 代时，他很兴奋。A. worried 担忧的；B. regretted 后悔的；C. moved 感动的；D. excited 兴奋的。根据上文 I kept 10 and held my excitement inside.可知，作者意识到他们 俩关系的时候，很兴奋，那人肯定也兴奋。故选 D。 【35 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：多亏了 James Boyter 的后代对人生故事的努力保存，我们才知道 自己从哪里来。A. Regardless of 不管，不顾；B. Rather than 而不是；C. Thanks to 由于， 幸亏；D. As with 正如。根据语境可知，因为 James Boyter 的后代们对家族故事的认真保存， 他们才能够知道他们是从哪里来的。故选 C。 【36 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wonder 想知道；B. know 知道；C. choose 选择；D. forget 忘记。根据语境可知，因为 James Boyter 的后代们对家族故事的认真保存，他们才能够知道 他们是从哪里来的。故选 B。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不要忘了把我们的兄弟姐妹和其他亲密家庭成员的故事包含 - 18 - 在我们自己的日志、日记和自传里。A. include 包含；B. create 创作；C. change 改变；D. copy 复制。根据下文 What we include in the account of our life story 可知，此处指把 这些故事包含在日志、日记和自传里。故选 A。 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fictions 小说；B. letters 信；C. brochures 宣传册；D. diaries 日记。根据空格前后的词 journals 和 autobiographies 可指，此处也指能把故事写 进去并保存下来的东西。故选 D。 【39 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们写进人生故事中的内容，可能会使你的兄弟或姐妹的后代从 现在起在这个世界上发生翻天覆地的变化。A. choice 选择；B. difference 差异，不同；C. money 钱；D. arrangement 安排。make all the difference(大不相同，影响重大)为固定搭 配。故选 B。 【40 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：都是因为你把它记录在了自己的历史中！A. read 阅读；B. polished 擦亮；C. recorded 记录；D. found 发现。根据语境可知，此处指记录了自己的历史。故选 C。 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1. 5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If you have a cold, then it's time to learn some cold prevention techniques. You just need to learn and use some new behaviors___41___ lifestyle habits every day. Your best ___42___ (protect) from the common cold and flu is frequent hand washing. The simple act ___43___ occurs when you rub your skins while using warm water and soap can get rid of most ___44___ (potential) harmful germs. While germs are often spread to others through household ___45___ (object) — telephones, door handles, toothbrushes, and tap handles — the ___46___ (big) transportation center for germs is your hands. That's why frequent hand washing gets rid of the illness-causing germs and ___47___ (help) to prevent the spread of some diseases. As many as 56,000 people die from the flu or flu-like illness each year.___48___ simple act of hand washing is the single most important means of preventing the spread of infections. Yet some - 19 - studies show that many Americans ___49___ (use) public restrooms don't wash their hands before leaving. People also forget ____50____ (wash) their hands before preparing meals and they have snacks without thinking of washing their hands beforehand. If you want to help prevent colds, just stop — and wash your hands. 【答案】41. and 42. protection 43. that/ which 44. potentially 45. objects 46. biggest 47. helps 48. The 49. using 50. to wash 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了洗手是预防感冒的最有效方法。虽然细菌通常通过许多途径传 播给他人，但细菌最大的传播中心是手。这就是为什么经常洗手可以去除致病细菌，并防止 某些疾病的传播。 【41 题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：你只需要每天学习和使用一些新的行为和生活习惯。此处 behaviors 和 lifestyle habits 之间为并列关系。故填 and。 【42 题详解】 考查名词。形容词修饰名词，根据空格前面的形容词 best 可知，此处要用名词。故填 protection。 【43 题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。本句的主要结构是 The simple actcan get rid of。根据句子逻辑关 系可知，act 后面是对其内容的描述，为定语从句，关系词 that/ which 在从句中作主语。故 填 that/ which。 【44 题详解】 考查副词。副词修饰形容词，此处修饰形容词 harmful 应使用 potential 的副词形式 potentially。故填 potentially。 - 20 - 【45 题详解】 考查名词复数。根据破折号后面的举例 telephones, door handles, toothbrushes, and tap handles 可知，此处指很多家用物品，应使用名词复数。故填 objects。 【46 题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：细菌最大的传播中心是你的手。空格前面的定冠词为最高级的标 志，结合句意可知，此处应为形容词的最高级形式。故填 biggest。 【47 题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么经常洗手可以去除致病细菌，并有助于防止某些疾病的 传播。分析句子可知，主语是动名词短语 frequent hand washing，谓语动词应用单数，此处 动词与前面的 gets rid of 为并列谓语，故填 helps。 【48 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：简单的洗手行为是防止感染传播的最重要的方法。分析句子可知，此处特 指洗手这一简单的行为，故应使用定冠词 the。故填 The。 【49 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：美国人使用公共厕所时，不洗手就离开了。分析句子可知，此处应 使用非谓语形式作后置定语，修饰 Americans。Americans 与 use 之间是主谓关系，应使用现 在分词。故填 using。 【50 题详解】 考查不定式。句意：人们还忘了在做饭前洗手。forget to do 意为“忘记要去做某事”，forget doing 意为“忘记做过某事”。结合句意可知，此处应使用 forget to do 表示“忘记在做饭 前洗手”。故填 to wash。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错 误，毎句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 - 21 - I like reading novels, that has earned me the nickname “novel fan”. I like all kinds of novel and I read them whenever I have time. The stories always attract me when I went into them. Every time a novel is in my hand, I will forget to eat , sleep and even me. My mother is very worrying about me, so she makes a arrangement for my spare time. Sometime, when I am fascinated by the story in a novel, I will read it under my quilt to avoid discovered by my mother. But at recently, my eyesight has become poorer. I have decided to change my habit. I want to be health as well as knowledgeable. 【 答 案 】 1. that→which ； 2. novel→novels ； 3. went→go ； 4. me→myself ； 5. worrying→worried；6. a→an；7. sometime→sometimes；8.在 avoid 和 discovered 之间 加上 being；9.去掉 at；10. health→healthy 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我喜欢看小说达到了痴迷程度，但是最近我的视力下降，所以 我想改变不好的习惯，变得既博学又健康。 【详解】1. 考查关系词。此句是非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，因为从句缺少主语，所以 只能使用引导词 which。本句用 which 指代前面句子的内容。故将 that 改为 which。 2. 考查名词复数。all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”，后应加名词复数。再根据下文的 them 也可知应使用名词复数。故将 novel 改为 novels。 3. 考查时态。根据句中的 attract 可知主句使用的是一般现在时，因此由 when 引导的时间 状语从句中也应使用一般现在时，故将 went 改为 go。 4. 考查代词。句意：每次我在看小说时，我都会忘记吃饭、睡觉，甚至忘了我自己。结合句 意，可知表示“忘记我自己”，应用反身代词 myself。故将 me 改为 myself。 5. 考查固定短语。be worried about 意为“为……担忧”，是固定表达，故将 worrying 改 为 worried。 6. 考查冠词。此处表示泛指，arrangement 的首字母发音是元音，应使用不定冠词 an，故将 a 改为 an。 7. 考查副词。句意：有时，当我被小说里的故事迷住时，我会在被子底下看书，以免被妈妈 发现。结合句意可知此处应使用频率副词 sometimes，意思是“有时候”。故将 sometime 改 为 sometimes。 - 22 - 8. 考查被动语态。discover 和 my mother 之间是被动关系，用被动语态，avoid 要求用动名 词作宾语，avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”，变成被动语态则是 avoid being done， 意思是“避免（某事）被做”。故在 avoid 和 discovered 之间加上 being。 9. 考查副词。副词 recently 意为“最近”，前面不需要加 at，故将 at 去掉。 10. 考查形容词。句意：我既要健康又要博学。as well as 可连接并列的单词或短语，根据 其后的形容词 knowledgeable(博学的)可知，此处应使用形容词，故将 health 改为 healthy。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，由于新冠病毒（COVII-19/nove1 coronavirus）爆发，你校决定推迟开学， 请你给回国度假 的留学生 Jack 写封邮件，告知此事。内容包括： 1.告知推迟开学； 2.介绍疫情； 3.开学日期另行通知。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Jack, I am so sorry to inform you that we'll have to postpone the start of school this term due to the outbreak of COVID-19 during this winter vacation. You must have known that COVID-19 is spreading all over the world, and that the situation is very bad. Many people have been infected and died. It is generally accepted that the best way to avoid being infected is not to gather and stay at home. So in order to defeat this infectious disease, we've decided to delay the start of school. The school will not begin until the outbreak is over. The specific time will be announced later. - 23 - Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给留学生 Jack 写信，告知他因为疫情爆发学校推迟开学的决 定，以及后续安排。并给他介绍疫情。 【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主 结构：总分总 要求： 1.告知推迟开学； 2.介绍疫情； 3.开学日期另行通知。 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） inform sb. of sth./ postpone/ outbreak/ due to/ spread/ infect/ avoid doing sth./ gather/ decide to do sth./ delay to do sth. 第三步：连词成句 1. I am so sorry to inform you that due to the outbreak of COVID-19 during this winter vacation the start of this term has to be postponed. 2. You must have known that COVID-19 is spreading all over the world, and that the situation is very bad. 3. Unfortunately, many people have been infected and died. 4. It is generally acknowledged that the best way to avoid being infected is not gathering but staying at home. 5. So in order to defeat this infectious disease, we've decided to delay the start of school. 6. The school will not begin until the outbreak is over. 7. The specific time will be announced online later. - 24 - 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句） 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so… 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although… 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where… 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语） 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：I am so sorry to inform you that we'll have to postpone the start of school this term due to the outbreak of COVID-19 during this winter vacation.中 that 引导宾语从句；It is generally accepted that the best way to avoid being infected is not to gather and stay at home. 中 that 引导主 语从句。 - 25 -