2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit1Alandofdiversity单元学案（41页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit1Alandofdiversity单元学案（41页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity单元学案 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．strait n．　　　　　 海峡 ‎2．Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的 ‎3．the Arctic 北极 ‎4．ministry n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责 ‎5．federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎6．nephew n．　　 　　 侄子；外甥 ‎7．aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机 ‎8．vice n．& adj. 代理；副职 ‎9．shave vt.&vi. 刮；剃 ‎10．tram n. (有轨)电车 ‎11．bakery n. 面包房；面包厂　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎12．ferry n．　　　　　 渡船；渡口 vt. 摆渡；渡运 ‎13．seagull n. 海鸥 ‎14．cattle n. 牛(总称)‎ ‎15．mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 ‎16．authority n. 权威；权力 ‎(pl.) 当局；官方　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎1．distinct adj.　　 　 清晰的；明显的；明确的 ‎2．distinction_ n. 差别；区分；卓著 ‎3．immigrant n. (从外国移入的)移民 ‎4．immigrate vi. 移入(外国定居)‎ ‎5．immigration n. 移民；移居入境 ‎6．means_ n. 手段；方法 ‎7．majority_ n. 大多数；大半　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎8．despite prep.　　　 尽管；不管 ‎9．hardship n. 苦难；困苦 ‎10．elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人 ‎11．boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期 ‎12．racial adj. 人种的；种族的 ‎13．crossing n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎14．rail n．　　 　　　 铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条 ‎15．percentage n. 百分比；百分率 ‎16．pole n. 地极；电极；磁极 ‎17．applicant n. 申请人 ‎18．customs n. 海关；关税；进口税 ‎19．socialist n. 社会主义者；社会党人 adj. 社会主义者的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎20．socialism n．　　　 社会主义 ‎21．occur vi. 发生；出现 ‎22．indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示 ‎23．luggage n. 行李(〈美〉baggage)‎ ‎24．apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的 ‎25．apparently adv. 显然地；显而易见地 ‎26．brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器 vi.&vt. 刹(车)；用制动器减速　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎27．conductor n．　　　 (公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥 ‎28．slip vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤 n. 滑动；滑倒 ‎29．hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用 ‎30．fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的 ‎31．angle n. 角；角度 ‎32．nowhere adv. 无处；到处都无　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎33．punishment n．　　 处罚；惩罚 ‎34．justice n. 正义；公平 ‎35．civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的 ‎36．reform vt.&vi. 改革；革新 n. 改革；改造；改良 ‎37．grasp vt.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会 ‎38．thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎39．insert vt.　　　　　 插入；嵌入 ‎40．thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的 ‎41．a_great/good_many 许多；很多 ‎42．keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)‎ ‎43．live_on 继续存在；继续生存 ‎44．by_means_of_... 用……办法；借助……　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十一屏听写]‎ ‎45．make_a_life　　　　 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 ‎46．back_to_back 背靠背 ‎47．apply_for 申请；请示得到 ‎48．mark_out 用线画出范围；标出……界线 ‎49．take_in 包括；吸收 ‎50．team_up_with 与……合作或一起工作 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅读单词 ‎1.strait n．　　　海峡 ‎2．Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的 ‎3．ministry n. ‎ ‎6.federal adj.联邦制的；联邦政府的 ‎7．aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机 ‎12.ferry n．　　　 渡船；渡口 vt. 摆渡；渡运 ‎13．seagull ‎ ‎(政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责 ‎4．shave v. 刮；剃 ‎5．vice n．& adj. 代理；副职 ‎8．nephew n. 侄子；外甥 ‎9．tram n. (有轨)电车 ‎10．cattle n. 牛(总称)‎ ‎11．bakery n. 面包房；面包厂 n. 海鸥 ‎14．mourn v. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 ‎15．authority n. 权威；权力 ‎　　　(pl.) 当局；官方 表达单词 ‎1.rail n．　　　　　　　　　　铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条 ‎2．hardship n. 苦难；困苦 ‎3．occur vi. 发生；出现 ‎4．luggage n. 行李(〈美〉baggage)‎ ‎5．thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的 ‎6．boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．I was really upset to find that such a thing should have occurred_ (发生) in your shop.‎ ‎2．As hiring (雇佣) has become more global, both for employers and candidates, video interviewing is a way to speed up the interview process.‎ ‎3．In the meantime, mobile online shopping market was booming_(繁荣) in China, with an annual growth rate of 63.5%.‎ ‎7．angle n. 角；角度 ‎8．civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的 ‎9．hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用 ‎10．grasp vt.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会 ‎11．thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的 ‎12．reform v. 改革；革新 ‎　　 n. 改革；改造；改良 ‎13．despite prep. 尽管；不管 ‎14．nowhere adv. 无处；到处都无 ‎15．brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器 v. 刹(车)；用制动器减速 ‎16．pole n. 地极；电极；磁极 ‎17．fascinating adj.‎ ‎4．Reforming (改革) the education system will be a difficult procedure.‎ ‎5．Whenever it is, we should keep a thankful (感激的) heart towards everything existed.‎ ‎6．Despite_ (尽管) his frequent absence, Bruce managed to keep up with his studies.‎ ‎7．Grasp (抓住) the main idea of the text, and you will be able to answer the question.‎ ‎8．It's thoughtful (体贴的) of Suzy to plan everything well before the event.‎ ‎9．A strong man will bear hardship (困苦) without complaining.‎ ‎ 迷人的；吸引人的 ‎18．justice n. 正义；公平 ‎19．insert vt. 嵌入；插入 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的→distinction n．差别；区分；卓著 ‎2．immigrate vi.移入(外国定居)→immigrant n．(从外国移入的)移民 →immigration n．移民；移居入境 ‎3．means n．方法；手段→ mean_ v．意思是；意味着 adj.吝啬的；卑鄙的→meaning n．意思 ‎4．majority n．大多数；大半→major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n．专业→minority n．少数 ‎5．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→‎ ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．—What is the meaning of the sign on the bottle？　 ‎ ‎—It_means “this side up”．(mean)‎ ‎2．Apparently,_she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent)‎ ‎3．Though he failed many times in election,_he never lost heart and at last he was elected President of the USA.(elect)‎ ‎4．He_indicated_that an indicator should give me some indications of how I did in the test.(indicate)‎ ‎5．All the applicants can apply_in person or by letter ‎ election n．选举 ‎6．percentage n．百分比；百分率→percent_ adj.百分之……的 ‎7．racial adj.人种的；种族的→race n．种族；竞争 ‎8．crossing n．横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道→cross n．十字；交叉 adj.交叉的；生气的 v．使交叉；横过→across prep.在……的对面(过)‎ ‎9．applicant n．申请人→apply vi.申请→application n．申请书；申请 ‎10．customs n．海关；关税；进口税→customer n．顾客 ‎11．socialist n．社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的→_society n．社会→‎ and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply)‎ ‎6．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major_in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority)‎ ‎7．“Walk across this street and turn left at the first crossing.” the boy told the lady.(cross)‎ ‎8．If a customer wants to bring the goods he buys abroad back to inland, he has to pay some customs when he passes through the Customs.(custom)‎ ‎9．Some socialists_believe that socialism will over time turn into what they see as a more advanced system with no state, money, or social classes.(society)‎ social adj.社会的→socialism n．社会主义 ‎12．indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→indication n．迹象；标示→indicator n．指示器；指示信号 ‎13．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地 ‎14．conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥→conduct v．管理 ‎15．slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n．滑动；滑倒 →slippery adj.滑的 ‎16．punishment n．惩罚；处罚→punish vt.惩罚；处罚 ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.live_on　　　　　　　继续存在；继续生存 ‎1.I would like to apply_for admission to the English Club ‎2．mark_out 标出……界线；用线画出范围 ‎3．apply_for 申请；请示得到 ‎4．take_in 包括；吸收；欺骗；理解 ‎5．keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)‎ ‎6．make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 ‎7．back_to_back 背靠背 ‎8．by_means_of_... 用……办法；借助…… ‎ ‎9．a_great/good_many 许多；很多 ‎10．team_up_with 与……合作或一起工作 ‎ of our school.‎ ‎2．As senior students, it is important to keep_up a good state of mind.‎ ‎3．A signal may be given by_means_of flags, lights, and guns.‎ ‎4．If you team_up_with your classmates, you will surely get the same work done far better.‎ ‎5．These teenagers don't know much of the world yet; that's why they are so easily taken_in.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.‎ 然而，可能至少在15‎ it is likely that ...“有可能……”。‎ 对我们学生而言参观长城有可能是一次难忘的经历。‎ It_is_likely_that a visit to the Great Wall for us students is an unforgettable experience.‎ ‎ 000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。‎ ‎2.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.‎ 那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。‎ That/This is why ...“那/这就是……的原因”。‎ ‎ 那就是我认为长江这条旅游线路会是一个更好选择的原因。‎ That's_why_I_think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.‎ ‎3.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.‎ 人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显的、主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。‎ It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句。‎ 人们认为不吃早饭的青少年不仅容易在课上睡觉而且也不能专心听课，这自然会导致他们在考试中的成绩不好。‎ It's_believed_that_teenagers_without_having_breakfast_will_not_only_fall_asleep_easily_in_class,_but concentrate less on lessons, which of course, results in their bad performance in exam.‎ 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．majority n．大多数；大半 ‎[教材原句]　Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. ‎ 在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。‎ ‎(1)a/the majority of ...　　　 大多数……‎ in the/a majority 占多数 ‎(2)major n．& v. 主修；专业 major in 主修……；以……为专业 ‎(3)minority n. 少数 ‎ in the/a minority 占少数 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①A majority of Africans are (be) forced to work for the Europeans.‎ ‎②The majority of the land has_been_destroyed (destroy) so far.‎ ‎③I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major in the gardening after attending college.‎ 补全句子 ‎④The white are in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority.‎ 在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人占少数。‎ ‎[名师指津]　the majority ‎ of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数，若集合名词考虑个体，则谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎2．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人 ‎[教材原句]　By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.‎ 到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。‎ ‎(1)elect sb. (as/to be)＋职位 ‎＝sb. be elected (as/to be)＋职位(职位前无冠词)‎ ‎(2)election n．　　　　　　选举 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①Donald Trump was_elected (elect) as the new president of the United States.‎ ‎②If I am lucky enough to win the election (elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students' afterclass activities.‎ ‎3．occur vi.发生；出现 ‎[经典例句]　It occurred to me that he might be interested in the problem we had discussed.‎ 我突然想起他也许对我们讨论过的那个问题感兴趣。‎ sth. occurs to sb.　　　　　　 某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that ...　 某人突然想起……‎ It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.‎ 句型转换 ‎②It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.‎ ‎→It occurred to me to_go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.‎ ‎4．hire n．& vt.租用；雇用 ‎[教材原句]　Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. ‎ 同酒店里的一对夫妻(彼得和泰莉)做伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。‎ ‎(1)on hire　　　　　　　　 出租 for hire 可供出租 ‎(2)hire sth. out (to sb.) 把……租出去(给某人)‎ ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①There are many bicycles on hire in this area.‎ ‎②There are three small boats available for hire.‎ ‎③David used to hire his car out sometimes when he didn't need it himself.‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．A high fever indicates (表明) that a person's body is fighting disease.‎ ‎2．He is happy that he was elected (选举) monitor at the class meeting yesterday.‎ ‎3．What does it cost to hire (租) a car for a week?‎ ‎4．As many as 200,000 head of cattle (牛) are raised in this area, which are likely to lead to the damage of the environment.‎ ‎5．The majority (大多数) of people interviewed preferred TV to radio.‎ ‎6．The reform (改革) of teaching methods contributes to the improvement of teaching quality.‎ ‎7．It was apparent (显然的) to all that he was guilty.‎ ‎8．The old man slipped (滑倒) over on the icy road and broke his leg.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．When it comes to education, the/a majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.‎ ‎2．She became the first black woman to_be_elected (elect) to the Senate.‎ ‎3．It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.‎ ‎4．With the tourist trade booming (boom), the residents of this area are paying more attention to the protection of nature.‎ ‎5．The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many applicants (apply)．‎ ‎6．The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class rang, which interrupted our heated discussion.‎ ‎7．Apparently (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening.‎ ‎8．Unluckily, she slipped_ (slip) and fell down from the upstairs.‎ ‎9．Furthermore, punishment (punish) is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.‎ ‎10．A new law has been brought in to discourage racial (race) prejudice.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示词补全句子 ‎1．镇上的大多数人都积极地拥护为孩子们建造运动场的计划。(majority)‎ The_majority_of_people_in_the_town_strongly_support the plan to build a playground for children.‎ ‎2．她被选入乐队，不是因为她美丽，而是因为她有音乐天赋。(elect)‎ She_was_elected_into_the_band not because she was beautiful but because she had a talent for music.‎ ‎3．迈克尔有一天能成为班里的一名优秀生这样的情况一次也没有发生过。(occur)‎ Not once did_it_occur_to_Michael_that he could one day become a top student in his class. ‎ ‎4．人类会为他们破坏森林的行为而受到处罚。(punish)‎ The_human_beings_will_be_punished for their forestdestroying activities.‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．by means of通过；用……办法；借助……‎ ‎[教材原句]　Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. ‎ 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。‎ by this means　　　　　 用这种方法 by all means 当然可以；没问题 by no means 决不；一点也不(放句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Students build up their vocabularies by means of reading more.‎ ‎②Only by this means is (be) it possible to persuade him out of smoking.‎ 补全句子 ‎③Without knowledge, by no means can_we_achieve_our_life_goal.‎ 没有知识，我们决不能实现人生目标。‎ ‎2．make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生 ‎[教材原句]　Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.‎ 有些人死了或回家了，但是大多数人留在加利福尼亚谋生，尽管困难重重。‎ ‎(1)make/earn a/one's living 谋生 ‎(2)live/lead a ...life 过着……生活 come (back) to life 苏醒；变得活跃；恢复生气 bring ...back to life 使……苏醒过来；给……活力 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She had to look for parttime babysitting jobs these years to_make (make) a living.‎ 同义替换 ‎②Happy is the man who can make a living (＝make_a_life) by his hobby.‎ 补全句子 ‎③When Alice came_to_life,_she did not know how long she had been lying there.‎ 当爱丽丝苏醒时，她不知道她已经在那儿躺了多久。‎ ‎3．take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 ‎[教材原句]　It's a 79km roundtrip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.‎ 这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中take in的含义 ‎①The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night.收留 ‎②While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge.吸收 ‎③The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括 ‎④Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.欺骗 ‎⑤Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ take off　　　　 脱去(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；成功 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间等)‎ take over 接收；接管；接任；取代 ‎⑥Our factory will take_on twenty more workers next month to increase output.‎ 为了增加产量，我们厂下个月将再雇用20名工人。‎ ‎4．This/That is why ...“这/那就是……的原因”‎ That_is_why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.‎ 那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。‎ this/that is because ...　　　 这/那是因为……‎ this is the reason why ... 这就是……的原因 the reason why ...is that ... ……的原因是……(why引导的是定语从句)‎ the reason that ... is ... ……的原因是……‎ ‎(that引导的同位语从句)‎ ‎①That's why more and more people in China are interested in learning English.‎ 那就是越来越多的中国人对学英语感兴趣的原因。‎ ‎②From space, the earth looks blue. This_is_because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.(2013·安徽高考单选)‎ 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。‎ ‎③The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up.‎ 他取得那么大的成功的原因是他从不放弃。‎ Ⅰ.短语填空 take in，by means of，mark out， keep up， team up with， make a life， apply for， depend on， a great many， occur to ‎1．The site of the new chemical fertilizer plant has been marked_out.‎ ‎2．It_occurs_to me that my friend Tom has a similar experience.‎ ‎3．By_means_of the Internet, we can keep in touch by sending emails.‎ ‎4．In ancient times, many people depended_on horses for transportation.‎ ‎5．Mr. Brown sent an email to the manager, applying_for ‎_ a job in the company.‎ ‎6．John preferred to go into business alone rather than team_up_with anyone else.‎ ‎7．It is honorable to make_a_life with your hands while depending on others is a shame.‎ ‎8．After seeing a_great_many homeless people in the streets, I thought I should do something for them.‎ ‎9．To keep_up good relationships with your teachers and classmates, you should learn to be on good terms with them.‎ ‎10．It's said that nonsmokers who take_in the air polluted by tobacco smoke suffer more than the smokers themselves.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．He is believed to play the piano for two hours every day. ‎ ‎→It_is_believed_that he plays the piano for two hours every day.‎ ‎2．They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.‎ ‎→It_is_likely_that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.‎ ‎3．If you give more attention and instruction to the child, he is likely to grow into a musician.‎ ‎→Given_more_attention_and_instruction,_the child is likely to grow into a musician.‎ ‎4．The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that ‎ he was trapped in a traffic jam.‎ ‎→Tom was trapped in a traffic jam and that's_why_he_was_late_for the meeting.‎ ‎5．We need to think about the words that we should say to the visitors.‎ ‎→We need to think about what_we_should_say to the visitors.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．人们认为没有什么人能够在那样的环境中生存下来。(it作形式主语的主语从句)‎ It_is_believed_that_no_human_can_survive in the situation like that.‎ ‎2．科学家们最终到达了所谓的北极。(what引导的宾语从句)‎ The scientists finally arrived in what_was_called_the_Arctic. ‎ ‎3．与整个地球相比，最大的海洋似乎一点也不大。(过去分词作状语)‎ Compared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.‎ ‎4．我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是我写信发表观点的原因。(why引导的表语从句)‎ I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and that's_why_I'm_writing_to_voice_my_opinion.‎ ‎5．他们很可能更理解我们，给我们一些合理的建议。(be likely that ...)‎ It_is_likely_that_they_can_understand_us_better_and_‎ give_us_some_reasonable_advice.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法——复习名词性从句作主语、宾语和表语 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.‎ ‎2．Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem itself is.‎ ‎3．Whoever comes will be welcome to the openair concert.‎ ‎4．Every day he goes to the library by bike except when_it rains.‎ ‎5．I am afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is why he never finishes anything.‎ ‎6．Clark is not sure whether Sharon will refuse his invitation.‎ ‎7．He made it clear at the meeting that he wouldn't agree to the plan.‎ ‎8．I read about it in some book or another, but what I don't know is which it is.‎ ‎9．I failed in the exam.It is because I didn't prepare for it.‎ ‎10．He said how he regretted the hours wasted in the woods and fields.‎ Ⅱ.补全或翻译句子(注意使用名词性从句)‎ ‎1．月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。‎ Whether_there_is_life_on_the_moon_is_an_interesting_question.‎ ‎2．我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。‎ We must never think (that)_we_are_good_in_everything while others are good in nothing.‎ ‎3．他本希望以更低的价格得到那部手机。那就是他上当的原因。‎ He had hoped to get the phone at a lower price. That was why_he_was_taken_in.‎ ‎4．英语老师要求我们在读课文时画出我们认为重要的知识点。‎ Our English teacher requires us to underline what_we_regard_as important points when we read the text. ‎ ‎5．最让我印象深刻的是他首次尝试就通过了驾驶考试。‎ What_impressed_me_most_was_that_he_passed_his_driving_test at the first attempt.‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作——读后续写 ‎[题目要求]‎ 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ ‎“If mum finds out that I'm going to the beach, I'll be in big trouble.” I said to myself softly in a low voice.‎ I went downstairs slowly and tried to walk casually into the kitchen. As I was walking towards the back door, mum asked without looking up from her “dishwashing”， “Where are you going？” I answered back without hesitation, “I am going to ‎ the_garden to play.” After I got out of the kitchen, I breathed a sigh of relief. My plan had worked out fine so far. I climbed the fence and jumped onto the muddy field next to_my_house and started running towards the bus stop at top speed.‎ After half an hour, I was at_the_beach scanning the crowd for my friends, Jimmy and Bobby. Two_young_men were racing in the canoes (独木舟). After a while, I saw them near a coconut tree. I ran towards them and got into my swimming trunk(游泳裤). For about an hour, we played volleyball happily.‎ Suddenly, Bobby hit the_ball too hard and the ball fell into the sea.Just as Bobby was going to pick up the ball, the_tide came in and carried the ball further and further away from_the_shore. I wanted to show_off my swimming skills so I declared to help get the ball for them.‎ I dived into the_water and started swimming at a steady pace. After swimming for about ten minutes, I became tired but when I saw that the ball was only a few feet away from me, I put in an extra burst of speed.However, just as I was going to get the ball, a very strong current swept the ball further away from me. At that moment, a string of weed tangle(缠绕) up with my feet and I could not swim properly.‎ I struggled to keep afloat but it was no use. “If I had listened to my_parents,_this would never have happened，” I thought silently. ‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Finally, after struggling for a minute or two, I still got pulled underwater.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Paragraph 2：‎ When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Finally, after struggling for a minute or two, I still got pulled underwater. I told myself I should never give up. I pulled the weed again with great effort. The_weed finally broke. Taking a deep breath, I swam back to the surface. I saw two young men in canoes,_racing each other. I was exhausted but I shouted to the men for help. The two men saw me and raced towards me. By the time they reached me, I had already fainted.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ When I woke up, I was in an empty room lying on a bed. It was not until a doctor came into the room that I realized that I was in a hospital. Jimmy and Bobby told me the two young men brought me to the_shore and sent me to the hospital. After a few minutes, my_parents with half angry and half worried faces walked in. My parents scolded me for slipping out of the house but were also glad that I was not seriously injured.I will never forget that terrifying experience. Neither will I ever want to show_off again.‎ 一、单元基础训练(限时25分钟)‎ Ⅰ.翻译句子 ‎1．我们决不应该忽视这些错误。(by no means放句首引起的倒装)‎ By_no_means_ought_we_to_ignore_the_mistakes.‎ ‎2．大多数学生学习都很努力。(majority)‎ The_majority_of_students_are_hardworking._‎ ‎3．——你的国籍是什么？‎ ‎——中国。(nationality)‎ ‎—What's_your_nationality?‎ ‎—Chinese.‎ ‎4．我们党支部昨天吸收了一名新党员。(take in)‎ Our_Party_branch_took_in_a_new_member_yesterday.‎ ‎5．实践表明，每天运动可以让你减肥。(indicate)‎ Practice_indicates_that_doing_exercises_every_day_can_‎ make_you_lose_weight._‎ ‎6．我们选出詹姆斯当主席。(elect)‎ We_elected_James_chairman._‎ ‎7．我觉得我再也无法坚持下去了。(keep up)‎ I_don't_think_I_can_keep_this_up_any_longer._‎ ‎8．我不知道该怎么办，但那时突然想到了一个主意。(occur to)‎ I_didn't_know_what_to_do,_but_then_an_idea_suddenly_occurred_to_me.‎ ‎9．中国人口众多，但其中70%是农民。(percent)‎ The_population_of_China_is_large,_but_70_percent_of_the_population_are_farmers.‎ ‎10．他们靠每周70英镑维持生活。(live on)‎ They_live_on_￡70/seventy_pounds_a_week._‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 There are more than four million American Indians and Alaskan natives in the United States. They __1__ to more than five hundred Indian tribes. Many tribe __2__ live on reservations. These are areas that the United States government __3__ up for native tribes that had lost their lands to European settlers.‎ There are about three hundred Indian reservations in the United States, some of __4__ are larger than American __5__. The United States Interior Department's Bureau of Indian Affairs supervises these territories. Tribes on reservations have limited selfrule.‎ On the __6__， American Indians do not __7__ the same economic and educational success as other Americans. A(n) __8__ study by Harvard University says American Indians generally __9__ less money and have __10__ unemployment than other Americans. The study says they also have higher __11__ of disease and die younger than other American groups.‎ The Bureau of Indian Affairs __12__ education services for almost fifty thousand Indian children in 1,084 __13__. Experts from Harvard say college attendance rates among the Indian population is half that of the __14__ population. But, they also say the situation is improving. The experts say the __15__ of Native American Indians __16__ higher education has more than doubled in the last twenty years.‎ Harvard researchers __17__ say that the American Indian economy has __18__ at three times the national rate since 1980s. Some of the __19__ should be owed to expansion of the American Indian gambling industry. More than two hundred Indian tribes have __20__ gambling legal on their reservations. Native American casinos (赌场) and other gaming businesses earn more than twenty billion dollars each year.‎ 语篇解读：美国有四百多万美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加人。本文从经济、工作、教育等方面介绍了印第安人的情况。‎ ‎1．A.stick　　　　　　　　　　 B．belong C．connect D．depend 解析：选B　上文谈到“‎ 有四百多万美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加人”，下文谈到“五百多个印第安部落”。由此可看出，这些人“属于”这些部落，因此选belong。‎ ‎2．A.natives B．people C．persons D．members 解析：选D　此处指居住在保留地上的部落“成员”。‎ ‎3．A.set B．held C．gave D．took 解析：选A　由前面的areas判断，要用set up(建立)。hold up意为“支撑”；give up意为“放弃”；take up意为“占用”。‎ ‎4．A.them B．whom C．which D．what 解析：选C　根据该空前面的逗号可知，此处为非限制性定语从句。由于先行词是reservations，指物，因此选which。‎ ‎5．A.states B．countries C．provinces D．neighbours 解析：选A　根据上下文语境可知，此处表示有些保留地的面积比美国一些州的面积还要大。‎ ‎6．A.hand B．whole C．contrary D．way 解析：选B　on the whole为固定短语，意为“总的来说”。‎ ‎7．A.spare B．save C．enjoy D．like 解析：选C　根据下文的“less money”和“unemployment”判断，答案应为enjoy，意为“享有”。‎ ‎8．A.containing B．including C．remaining D．continuing 解析：选D　句意：哈佛大学一直在进行一项研究，该研究报告表明……。continuing意为“持续的”。‎ ‎9．A.borrow B．lend C．earn D．pay 解析：选C　根据上文提到的“印第安人没有同其他美国人一样享有经济和教育上的成功”推断，印第安人赚的钱要少。‎ ‎10．A.much B．more C．many D．enough 解析：选B　根据下文的“than”可知，此处要用more，构成比较级，表示印第安人的失业率较高。‎ ‎11．A.rates B．dates C．scores D．costs 解析：选A　rate意为“比率”。此处指“患病的比率”。‎ ‎12．A.offers B．provides C．gives D．contributes 解析：选B　根据下文的介词“for”并结合语境判断，此处要用provides。provide sth. for sb.意为“给某人提供某物”。‎ ‎13．A.homes B．hospitals C．schools D．parks 解析：选C　由前面的“education”推断，此处应选schools。‎ ‎14．A.ordinary B．common C．special D．general 解析：选D　general意为“总体的”。general population意为“总人口”。‎ ‎15．A.number B．quality C．amount D．plenty 解析：选A　根据下文谈到的“在过去的20年里翻了一倍多”判断，此处应为“数目”。‎ ‎16．A.searching B．seeking C．acknowledging D．teaching 解析：选B　此处为“寻求高等教育的人”。‎ ‎17．A.ever B．even C．also D．still 解析：选C　also意为“还；也”。第14空后的“they also say”是提示。‎ ‎18．A.planted B．raised C．arisen D．grown 解析：选D　上文谈到“情况有了改善”，“寻求高等教育的人多了”，因此“经济也就增长了”。‎ ‎19．A.improvement B．management C．instruction D．impression 解析：选A　improvement意为“提高，改进”。与上一段中的“they also say the situation is improving”相呼应。‎ ‎20．A.treated B．obeyed C．ruled D．made 解析：选D　该句为“make sth.＋adj.”结构，此处表示“使赌博合法化”。‎ 二、阅读理解提速练(限时25分钟)‎ A In this article, we'll come to two things invented by women, Liquid Paper and Windshield Wiper.‎ Bette Graham was not a very good typist.Still the high school dropout worked her way to become the executive secretary for the chairman of the board of the Texas Bank And Trust.It was in the 1950s, and the electric typewriter was just introduced.Secretaries often found themselves difficult to correct errors.‎ One day, Graham watched workers painting a holiday display on a bank window.She noticed that when they made mistakes, they simply added another layer of paint to cover them up, and she thought she could apply that idea to her typing blunders.Graham mixed up waterbased paint with dye (染料) that matched her company's paper.Then she was able to quickly correct her errors.Soon, the other secretaries were asking for the product, which Graham continued to produce in her kitchen.Graham was fired from her job for her spending too much time distributing her product, but she was able to improve her mixture, renamed the product “Liquid Paper” and received a patent in 1958.‎ At the dawn of the 20th century, Mary Anderson went to New York City for the first time.There were no cabs honking, nor were there thousands of cars rushing in traffic.Cars were quite rare when Anderson took that trip, but the woman from Alabama ended up inventing something that has become standard on every automobile.‎ During her trip, Anderson took a tram (电车) through the snowcovered city.She noticed that the driver had to stop the tram every few minutes to wipe the snow off his front window.At the time, all drivers had to do so; rain and snow were thought to be things drivers had to deal with, for they resulted in poor visibility.When she returned home, Anderson developed a squeegee (橡胶刷) attached to a handle inside the car.When the driver needed to clear the glass, he simply pulled on the handle.Anderson received a patent for her device in 1903; just 10 years later, thousands of Americans owned a car with her invention.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了两项由女人发明的事物：修正液和雨刮器。‎ ‎1．The underlined word “blunders” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.‎ A．some kinds of dye　　　 B．inventions C．layers of paint D．errors 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“and she thought she could apply that idea to”并结合第二段中的“Secretaries often found themselves difficult to correct errors.”可知，此处的blunders表示“错误”的含义，故选D项。‎ ‎2．Which of the following statements is true?‎ A．Bette Graham once lost her job because of her devotion to her invention.‎ B．Mary Anderson was a Canadian who moved to work in New York City.‎ C．The popularity of cars in America contributed to Mary Anderson's invention.‎ D．Both of the women in the text were great scientists who made great inventions.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Graham was fired from her job for her spending too much time distributing her product”可知，由于花费过多的时间在她自己的发明上，Graham被解雇了。‎ ‎3．What can we learn from the two inventions in the text?‎ A．Failure is the mother of success.‎ B．Men make errors so long as they struggle.‎ C．Genius only means working hard all one's life.‎ D．Inspiration from daily life is the source of inventions.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了两位女性在平凡的日常事务中的发明，由此告诉我们来自日常生活的灵感是发明的源泉。‎ B We reached the most dangerous part of the river.There were three rapids which had to be passed.The water was then low and the rocks numerous, threatening great danger to the boats.When the water is high, it is less difficult to pass, for the difference of level in the rapids becomes much less, and the danger of being driven on to the rocks is also greatly decreased.The great noise caused by the falling water warned ‎ us of the closeness of the rapids, though we had heard it a long way back.‎ At the first big fall we unloaded our boat, carrying everything on the local men's shoulders along the dangerous part of the shore; but we all returned to the boat to make our dash through the rushing water.For me it was quite a new feeling.I had full faith in the local men, especially in the expert who steered (掌舵) the boat.Drawn up to his fullest height, he looked eagerly for the best passage.This was no easy task, for not only did the steersman have to avoid the rocks which were above water, but those beneath it, which were still more dangerous, likely to turn over the boat in an instant.‎ At first the current (水流) seemed nothing out of the common.However, as we approached, it increased in force until it became extraordinarily strong.About 50 or 60 yards from the rapids our steersman had already made up his mind which way to take.His great object was to keep the boat going on in the current; or we would be turned over and done for!‎ As we approached the bigger part of the fall the paddlers redoubled their efforts and our long, light, narrow boat shot like an arrow down the fall, and in an instant was righted in the water of the pool beneath.Thank goodness!‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了作者作为户外运动爱好者所经历的冒险。‎ ‎4．Who might be the author?‎ A．A skillful steersman.‎ B．An expert paddler.‎ C．An outdoor activity lover.‎ D．A local travel guide.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据全文，特别是第一段中的“We reached the most dangerous part of the river.”及第二段中的“For me it was quite a new feeling.”可知，作者可能是一位喜欢探险的户外运动爱好者。故选C项。‎ ‎5．What made the trip much more dangerous?‎ A．The high water. B．The narrow boat.‎ C．The big fall. D．The hidden rocks.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“for not only did the steersman have to avoid the rocks which were above water, but those beneath it, which were still more dangerous”可知，更危险的是水面下的岩石。故选D项。‎ ‎6．What happened to the boat at last?‎ A．It was turned over. B．It landed safe in the pool.‎ C．It fell like an arrow. D．It went off the course.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“our long, light, narrow boat shot like an arrow down the fall, and in an instant was righted in the water of the pool beneath.Thank goodness！”可知，他们的船最后安全落在(瀑布)下面的水潭上。故选B项。‎ C Do you feel lucky? You probably don't.You may think you've got where you are today through willpower and hard work.We tend to overlook luck's role, and this seems to get worse the richer ‎ we get; surveys show that the wealthiest are least likely to owe their fortune to good fortune.Many such people oppose taxation (税收) and government spending; why should others get a handout (救济品) if they don't need one? More often than not, they vote against the very policies that helped them get lucky to begin with.In a recent essay from The Atlantic, Robert Frank, an economist who has studied attitudes to chance, quoted (引用) E．B.White: “Luck_is_not_something_you_can_mention_in_the_presence_of_selfmade_men.”‎ However, if we see this just as a problem of the superrich people, we may let the rest of us off too easily.Anyone living in a highly developed economy in 2016 is already the one who benefits from luck — for example, not living in the modernday Central African Republic, where few people can live a long life.In fact, we are lucky to have been born human.You might have been a battery hen, or a mayfly with only one day to live.‎ Our blindness to such truths isn't only because we're selfabsorbed but also we attach more significance to things that are easier to call to mind.On the one hand, it's not hard to recall countless times when you put in the effort to succeed — struggling through university finals, preparing for job interviews, tolerating a longdistance travel to work.On the other hand, it's rather difficult to realize you're privileged — like not being born in a war zone, or before antibiotics ‎ (抗生素) , and so forth.‎ 语篇解读：文章主要阐述了运气在人们生活中所起的作用。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ A．Selfmade men don't like to be talked about.‎ B．Successful people owe their achievements to luck.‎ C．Successful people tend to overlook the role of luck.‎ D．Selfmade men are more likely to show off their fortune.‎ 解析：选C　句意理解题。画线句直译为“在白手起家的人们面前，你不能提及幸运(这个词)”。再根据第一段中的“We tend to overlook luck's role, and this seems to get worse the richer we get”可知，很多人，特别是一些富人往往忽视运气的作用。故选C项。‎ ‎8．According to the author, you are fortunate if you are not ________.‎ A．struggling through university finals B．preparing for interviews C．tolerating a long distance travel D．living in a war zone 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“not living in the modernday”和第三段的“it's rather difficult to realize ...not being born in a war zone”可知，生活在没有战争的地方是一种幸运。故选D项。‎ ‎9．We can learn from the passage that ________.‎ A．few people in Africa are lucky B．each of us is actually privileged C．people value the importance of luck D．people succeed because of luck 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However ...we may let the rest of us off too easily.Anyone living in ...is already the one who benefits from luck”以及第三段的“On the other hand, it's rather difficult to realize you're privileged”可知，虽然人们往往忽视运气的作用，但事实上每个人都是幸运的。故选B项。‎ ‎10．Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ A．Luck Is a Blessing B．We Are Lucky C．How to Be Lucky D．Who Is Lucky 解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据全文，特别是第一段和第三段可知，作者在文章中从多方面剖析了运气的重要性和不可或缺性。他认为每个人都是幸运的。故选B项。‎