【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013 高考英语总复习 课时作业 37

【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013 高考英语总复习 课时作业 37

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 【优化指导】（新课标全国）2013 高考英语总复习 课时作业 37 Unit2 选修 8 一、单项填空 1．According to recent reports，one of the rare animals，______ crocodile， will be in danger of dying out in ______ 2020s. A．a；/ B．the；the C．the；/ D．/；the 解析：考查冠词。第一个空定冠词 the 用于单数可数名词前，表示类别；第二个空 the 用于“年号”的复数或所有格前表示年代，如：in the 1990s 或 in the 1990’s 表示“20 世纪”。 答案：B 2．Is there a supermarket around ______ I can buy a pair of new shoes? A．that B．which C．where D．what 解析：考查定语从句。around 是副词表示“附近”，where(＝in which)引导定语从句 修饰 supermarket。此题易错选 which，是在超市里面买鞋，而不是在超市的周围，故不选 which。句意：这附近有我能买双新鞋的超市吗？ 答案：C 3．The old man is not equal to ______ care of himself. A．take B．taking C．took D．taken 解析：be equal to 此处表示“胜任”，其结构中的 to 是介词，后跟名词或动名词。 句意：那位老人不能照顾自己。 答案：B 4．Scarcely ______ they rushed out of the building into the street. A．did they felt the earthquake than B．had they felt the earthquake when C．did they felt the earthquake when D．had they felt the earthquake than 解析：scarcely...when 引导的从句位于句首，从句要部分倒装，而且主句用过去完成 时态。句意：一感觉到地震他们就冲出大楼到街上去了。 答案：B 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 5．It was ______ Jane was dismissed ______ how serious the financial crisis was. A．not until；did she realize B．until；that she realized C．not until；that she realized D．until；did she realize 6．America was______was first called India by Columbus. A．that B．where C．what D．the place 解析：what 引导了表语从句。在从句中 what 作了主语，表示“地点”。句意：美国就 是被哥伦布首次称作印第安的地方。 答案：C 7．I wonder if John has forgotten my number.I______him to call me for the past two hours. A．was expecting B．have expected C．have been expecting D．expected 解析：考查动词时态。由时间状语“for the past two hours”可以看出应用完成时， 由第一句话可知，应用进行时，所以用现在完成进行时，表示我期待他给我打电话这个动作 从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时还在继续进行，有可能还继续下去。 答案：C 8．As is known to us all，anyone who drives after drinking alcohol______be punished. A．can B．shall C．would D．may 解析：考查情态动词的用法。shall 用于二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话者的告诫、意 图、命令、决心等。句意：任何一个酒后开车的人都会受到惩罚。 答案：B 9．Social networking is an important factor ______ business success. A．devoting to B．appealing to C．attaching to D．leading to 解析：考查动词短语在具体语境中的运用。lead to“通向，导致”。句意：社会关系 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 是使得事业成功的一个很重要的因素。 答案：D 10．Clothing made of man made fibers has certain advantages over ______ made of natural fibers like cotton，wool or silk. A．one B．what C．that D．those 解析：考查代词的用法。 that 代替前面的 clothing。此题易错选 B 项。 答案：C 11．______ we sympathize with Lehman Brothers Holdings who has gone bankrupt， we can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties，especially when the US economy has slowed down. A．As long as B．As C．While D．Even 解析：考查状语从句中连接词的选择。句意：虽然我们对已经倒闭的雷曼兄弟公司表示 同情，然而我们无法帮助他们摆脱困境，尤其是在美国经济已经放缓的时候。根据语境，应 用 while“虽然”引导让步状语从句。as 常引导原因状语从句；as long as“只要”引导条 件状语从句；when“当……的时候”。 答案：C 12．Three boy students from Chang Jiang University，for______ lives were priceless，died for saving the two drowning children in Chang Jiang River. A．whom B．who C．whose D．which 解析：考查定语从句关系代词的选用。whom 代替先行词 three students，在从句中作 介词 for 的宾语。句意：来自长江大学的三名男生，对他们来说生命是无价的，为救两个落 水的少年献出了自己宝贵的生命。 答案：A 13．Don’t leave out any detail in your account，even if a word______. A．counts B．manages C．performs D．acts 解析：考查动词辨析。既然不要漏掉细节，这说明每个单词都很重要。count“重要” 符合题意。 答案：A 14．They have invited us to visit their country，______ is very kind of them. A．that B．it 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 C．which D．what 15．I ______ to take a holiday this summer，but I had to change my plan. A．would hope B．was hoping C．had been hoped D．had hoped 解析：hope 动作发生在 had to change 动作之前，是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成 时。句意：我原打算今年暑假休假，但我不得不改变主意。 答案：D 二、完形填空 The labor market in the US is starting to recover，but for many young workers the recovery is not fast enough.__1__ the national unemployment rate is now lower， one study suggests America’s youth faces a(n)__2__ uncertain future.Professor Shierholz says young workers have yet to see similar gains__3__ a slowly improving job market. Law student Elliot feels good about his career choices but he __4__ the conditions are not good for students.“I’m __5__，”he said.“I think people are working on getting it better，but I think people are generally pretty discouraged right now and I am with that __6__.” Instead of having to __7__ against experienced workers for fewer entry level jobs ， chemistry student Dan plans to ride out the storm until the economy __8__.“Things are not looking too good __9__，so I want to get my Ph.D.，”he said.But times have changed.Professor Ayman says __10__ will be no longer as important as marketable skills.“What employers are __11__ is the skills and abilities which will make a __12__.” Journalism student Nicole says that students __13__ not lose sight of their goals，but they also need to be __14__.“Even if you’re offered a job that’s outside of what you’d like to do ，__15__ it if you can because it can help __16__ you up in unexpected ways，”said Nicole. Shierholz says the great tragedy(悲剧)is that young workers have fewer __17__ nets.Many graduating students who cannot find jobs will not qualify for unemployment__18__.They end up having to __19__ their family and friends who may themselves be having bad labor market outcomes. Shierholz says the good news is that job growth in the last six months has been 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 above numbers needed to __20__ normal population growth. 本文讲述了美国当下不容乐观的就业情况以及不同专业的学生和专业人士对此的不同 看法和分析。 1．A.When B．Although C．If D．Once 解析：根据句中 lower 和 uncertain future 可知，前后为转折关系。 答案：B 2．A.unbelievably B．reasonably C．increasingly D．universally 解析：根据句中 uncertain future 可知，年轻人对于未来日益不确信。 答案：C 3．A.instead of B．in spite of C．thanks to D．by means of 解析：此处是让步关系。尽管就业情况在缓慢好转。 答案：B 4．A.admits B．shows C．promises D．proves 解析：根据句中 but 和 the conditions are not good 可知，Elliot 要承认这个事实。 答案：A 5．A.independent B．optimistic C．proud D．practical 解析：根据前句中 feels good 和后句中 getting it better 可知，Elliot 对就业持乐 观态度。 答案：B 6．A.feeling B．sense C．mind D．belief 解析：这里用 feeling 指代前面提到的 pretty discouraged。 答案：A 7．A.play B．compete C．vote D．beat 解析：这里指职场方面的竞争，用 compete。 答案：B 8．A.changes B．benefits C．exists D．improves 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 解析：根据句中 ride out the storm 可知，这里指等经济好转后。 答案：D 9．A.at first B．right now C．by chance D．in future 解析：Dan 选择继续求学来渡过就业压力，由此可知现在的经济形势不太好。 答案：B 10．A.knowledge B．competence C．degrees D．grades 解析：Dan 想继续深造拿到博士学位再工作，此教授评论说时代变了，可知学历并不像 以前那样重要了。 答案：C 11．A.looking for B．finding out C．paying for D．working out 解析：根据教授的话可知，学历没有技能重要，因此雇主希望得到的是技能。 答案：A 12．A.success B．decision C．difference D．contribution 解析：根据句中 abilities 可知，这里指有影响力的能力。make a difference 为固定 搭配，意思为“有影响，有重要性”。 答案：C 13．A.must B．may C．will D．need 解析：这里用 must 加强语气。 答案：A 14．A.reliable B．flexible C．active D．confident 解析：根据下文内容可知，即使有的工作你不喜欢，也试着去做，说明在坚持目标的同 时还要灵活。 答案：B 15．A.decline B．provide C．dream D．take 解析：这里用 take 指接受你不喜欢的工作。 答案：D 16．A.pick B．lift 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 C．make D．clear 解析：根据句中 help 和 in unexpected ways 可知，这样的工作对你的能力有所提升。 答案：B 17．A.health B．value C．education D．safety 解析：根据句中 the great tragedy 和下文内容可知，这里指安全保障系统不健全。 答案：D 18．A.challenges B．benefits C．advantages D．features 解析：由于保障不健全，没有就业的学生就无法享受失业保险金。 答案：B 19．A.depend on B．believe in C．stick to D．look after 解析：根据前文 cannot find jobs 可知，没有就业的学生只能依靠自己的家人和朋友。 答案：A 20．A.come up with B．put up with C．keep up with D．end up with 解析：根据句中 the good news 和语境可推断，所需就业增加的数量赶上了正常人口增 长的速度，用 keep up with。 答案：C 三、短文填空 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 __1__Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of fingerprints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children， though nobody knows why this is the case. The ridge(隆起)structure on a person’s fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries.Burns，cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one，which bears a reproduction of the original pattern.__2__Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own fingerprints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take. Fingerprints can be made very easily with printer’s ink.They can be recorded easily.__3__Because of the simplicity and economy of this system，fingerprints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case.A suspected man may deny a charge 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 but this may be in vain.__4__When a suspect leaves fingerprints behind at the scene of a crime，they are difficult to detect(察觉)with the naked eye.__5__Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained. A．Special techniques are used to“develop”them. B．A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all part of the finger. C．It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed. D．With special methods，identification can be achieved successfully within a short time. E．A latent(潜在的)print is the chance reproduction of the friction ridges deposited on the surface of an item. F．His fingerprints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident. G．Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. 答案：1.G 2.C 3.D 4.F 5.A 四、短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。 修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及修改均限一词； 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者(从 11 处起)不计分。 When our six children were young，suppertime is always being interrupted by neighborhood children ring the bell.They wanted one child or another to come out and played.Finally we had good idea.We hung a sign on the front door that was read： “We’re having dinner.Come back later.”That night，we sat down to what they thought would be a pleasant，uninterrupted meals.And as soon as we began dinner，the doorbell rang.On the front door stood a fiveyearold boy from across the street.He looked up at us and said，“I just want to know what the sign say.” 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9