2020届一轮复习外研版必修5Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish单元作业（12页

2020届一轮复习外研版必修5Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish单元作业（12页

‎2020届一轮复习英语外研版必修5 Module 1British and American English 单元作业 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·郑州市质量检测)Years ago, my wife and I volunteered at a homeless shelter in downtown Los Angeles, the US, preparing meals for thousands of people. I got to talk with one of the guys in line, Albert. He said he liked my socks.“Want to see mine？” he asked, lifting his leg. He was barefoot. He said he had been meaning to buy a pair but he hadn't got around to it. I felt a sinking feeling in my stomach.‎ The next day, after work, I stopped at Ross and filled up a cart with socks. I stuffed my trunk with them. That next morning, I set my alarm for 5：00 a．m. and drove over to Santa Monica's Palisades Park, which is a common destination for homeless people.‎ ‎ I took one of the bags from my trunk. It was still dark out. I headed for a group of three men, standing around a tree, probably using it as a windbreaker. Two were asleep under heavy blankets, and the third was digging through his collection. As I walked toward him, he watched me, perhaps questioning my motives. “I thought you guys might need some fresh new socks，” I said, handing him a pair. He looked confused at first but took them and said, “Thank you.” I gave him two more pairs for his friends.‎ I moved on. An hour later, I had given out all the socks. Most people were sleeping, and I felt like Santa. I knew that when they woke up they would find a very meaningful present.‎ That was nine years ago. Every week I'll hand out as many socks as I can. If I'm on vacation or on a business trip for more than a week, I will bring a bag of socks with me and hand them out to the homeless on the streets in other states and countries.‎ ‎ It's extremely satisfying to operate “under the radar” to help make some people's lives a little bit easier. Part of me hopes to see Albert out there one of these days, but even if I don't, I like to think one of the pairs will find him.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了作者做慈善的故事。‎ ‎1．What caused the author to hand out socks to the homeless?‎ A．Albert's desire to get free socks.‎ B．The approach of Christmas Day.‎ C．His hard work at a homeless shelter.‎ D．The conversation between him and Albert.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段作者和流浪汉艾伯特的对话可知，作者和艾伯特的谈话激发了作者去买袜子送给无家可归的人。‎ ‎2．Which is TRUE about the author according to the passage?‎ A．He believed it felt good to help the homeless.‎ B．He went to Ross to buy a pair of socks for Albert.‎ C．He handed out socks to the homeless as Christmas gifts.‎ D．He was often questioned about why he gave out socks.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句“It's extremely satisfying to operate ‘under the radar’ to help make some people's lives a little bit easier.”可知，作者乐意帮助那些无家可归的人。‎ ‎3．What could be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Santa Claus brings Christmas gifts B．Kindness is rewarded with kindness C．Every sock helps make somebody's day D．Socks are passed on from hand to hand 解析：选C　标题归纳题。通读全文并根据最后一段的第一句“It's extremely satisfying ... a little bit easier.”可推知，本文主要讲的是作者通过给无家可归的人送袜子来做慈善，以改善他人的生活的故事，故选C。make sb.'s day表示“使某人非常高兴”。‎ B When saying or writing out numbers, the British put an and before the tens and units (个位数), as in one hundred and sixtytwo or two thousand and three. In the United States it is considered correct to drop the and, as in one hundred sixtytwo or two thousand three.‎ In counting, it is common in both varieties of English to count in hundreds up to 1,900 — so 1,200 may be twelve hundred. However, Americans use this pattern for much higher numbers than is the norm in British English, referring to twentyfour hundred where British English would most often use two thousand four hundred.‎ In the case of years, however, twelve thirtyfour would be the norm on both sides of the Atlantic for the year 1234. The year 2000 and years beyond it are read as two thousand, two thousand (and) one by both British and American speakers. For years after 2009, twenty ten, twenty twelve etc. are becoming common.‎ For the house number (or bus number, etc.) 272, British people tend to say two seven two while Americans tend to say two seventytwo.‎ When referring to the numeral (数字) 0, British people would normally use nought, oh, or zero, although nil is common in sports scores. Americans use the term zero most frequently; oh is also often used. When a phone or account number is being read aloud, 0 is nearly always ‎ pronounced oh in both language varieties for convenience.‎ When reading numbers in order, such as a telephone number or serial number (序列号), British people will usually use the term double followed by the repeated number. Thus 007 is double oh seven. Exceptions include the emergency telephone number 999, which is always nine nine nine. In the US, 911 (the US emergency telephone number) is usually read nine one one, while 9/11 (in reference to the September 11, 2001 attacks) is usually read nine eleven.　‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文，主要介绍了英式英语和美式英语中数字读法的异同。‎ ‎4．Which of the following is TRUE about British English?‎ A．The bus number 123 is read as one two three.‎ B．The house number 218 is read as two eighteen.‎ C．The number 2,800 is read as twenty eight hundred.‎ D．The year 2018 is read as twenty hundred and eighteen.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For the house number (or bus number, etc.)272, British people tend to say two seven two”可知A项正确。‎ ‎5．British people will read the serial number 122 as ________.‎ A．one double two B．one two two C．twelve two D．one hundred and twentytwo 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段开头可知，在读序列数字的时候，英国人读重复的数字时常用double。结合数字007的读法，可知应选A项。‎ ‎6．When an Englishman tells you his telephone number, the numeral 0 is usually read as ________.‎ A．nought　　　　　　　 B．oh C．zero D．nil 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，为了方便，电话号码和序列号里的0在两种英语中都被读作oh。‎ ‎7．The text is mainly about ________.‎ A．how to read correctly B．the difference between British and Americans C．how to read numbers D．that the number is important in western life 解析：选C　主旨大意题。全文都在讲美国和英国对不同数字的读法，因此选C项。而其他选项都比较片面，而且不够准确。‎ C Shakespeare's plays fit into three kinds: tragedies (悲剧), comedies and histories. Perhaps his most famous play is the tragic story of Romeo and Juliet, which deals with two young lovers who are forbidden to marry by their parents. Other tragedies include Hamlet, a play about a vengeful (复仇的) ghost, Othello, about an army general who is controlled to kill his wife, and Macbeth. If you've seen Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, you'll recognize “hubble bubble boil and trouble, fire burn and cauldron bubble”， which is sung in the Great Hall after the Sorting Ceremony. These words come from the witches in Macbeth!‎ Shakespeare's comedies include Much Ado About Nothing, A Midsummer Night's Dream and Twelfth Night. Twelfth Night is a play about confusing identities. Two twins are shipwrecked (遭受海难) and the sister, Viola, dresses up as her brother, Sebastian, who she thinks is dead. It's funny, because the brother reappears without being recognized by Viola and there's a big love triangle going on: Viola is in love with the Duke, who is in love with Olivia, who falls in love with Sebastian, but she doesn't realize that it is Viola who dresses up as Sebastian!‎ The history plays, such as Antony and Cleopatra, Richard Ⅲ and Henry Ⅴ are based on the lives of real historical people. Antony and Cleopatra is a story about a romance in ancient Egypt. Cleopatra becomes Antony's lover and Antony becomes so crazy about her that he loses his military power. Cleopatra commits suicide by letting a snake bite her after Egypt's army has been defeated by Octavius and Antony kills himself, too.‎ ‎ Shakespeare's plays can be very difficult to understand sometimes. Some of the themes are very complex, so they almost always contain a lighter subplot (次要情节) with characters who aren't closely linked to the characters in the main plot.They are often used in tragedies to lighten the mood of the play and to keep the audience interested in the main plot.‎ 语篇解读：文章简要介绍了莎士比亚的部分悲剧、喜剧和历史剧。‎ ‎8．According to the passage, we know that Othello is ________.‎ A．controlled by his own wife B．a general who kills his wife C．an imaginary vengeful ghost D．a wellknown historic person 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，奥赛罗是一位将军，因被人控制而杀死了自己的妻子。‎ ‎9．What can we know from the play Macbeth?‎ A．Macbeth is Othello's wife.‎ B．It is Shakespeare's favorite play.‎ C．It's a science fiction like Harry Potter.‎ D．It has an influence on later literary works.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。《哈利·波特与阿兹卡班的囚徒》里面有《麦克白》里的台词，可见它对后世作家是有影响的。‎ ‎10．What can be predicted about the ending of Twelfth Night?‎ A．Everyone becomes a mess.‎ B．It ends up with happiness.‎ C．All is going on as before.‎ D．Most of them couldn't accept the changes.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。因为《第十二夜》是一部喜剧，所以可以推断它的结局应该是皆大欢喜的。‎ ‎11．What can we learn about Shakespeare's plays mentioned in the passage?‎ A．It's quite hard to understand all of them.‎ B．The histories usually end up with sadness.‎ C．Many of them have something to do with love.‎ D．Most characters in the plays origin from the history.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文中提到的这几部戏剧来看，其中的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《奥赛罗》《第十二夜》《安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉》等都和爱情有关。莎士比亚的戏剧并非都难以看懂；历史剧以悲剧结束在文中没有提到；大部分角色来自历史也和原文不符。‎ D ‎(2018·南昌市十校模拟) Ambar presses her hand to her forehead as she considers the question on her screen: how many sevens in 91? The tenyearold has been struggling with it for about a minute when she smiles，“13！” Her tutor responds by posting a large smiling cat picture on her screen — the virtual (虚拟的) meaning of a pat on the back. He is sitting on the other side of the world in an online tutoring centre in India.‎ Ambar, who attends Pakeman Primary School in London, is one of nearly 4,000 primary school children in Britain that have signed up for weekly onetoone maths sessions with tutors based in India and Sri Lanka. The lessons, provided by a company called Third Space Learning, are targeted at pupils struggling with maths — particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds.‎ From next year, the platform will become one of the first examples of artificial intelligence (AI) software being used to monitor, and ideally improve, teaching. Together with some British scientists, the company has analysed around 100,000 hours of audio and written data from its tutorials (辅导课), with the goal of identifying what makes a good teacher and a successful lesson.‎ Tom Hooper, the company's CEO, said, “We've recorded every lesson that we've ever done. By using the data, we've been trying to introduce AI to improve the teaching.” But he argued that the aim is not to replace teachers with robots. “There's a slightly dubious (不确定的) conversation about how AI will make humans irrelevant, but it's not at all about replacing humans，” he said. “Our whole belief is that for children not doing well in the subject, people are what matters.”‎ Pupils on the program have a 45minute session with the same tutor each week. They communicate through a headset and a shared ‎ “whiteboard”. The lessons at Pakeman Primary School are tailored to the individual, including visual rewards linked to the child's interests. In addition to the raw audio data, each lesson has various success metrics attached: how many problems are completed, how useful the pupil finds the session, how the tutor rates it.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。数学成绩不好怎么办？没关系。坐在家里，你就可以享受高科技公司Third Space Learning为你提供的一对一网上教学服务。‎ ‎12．Why does the author mention Ambar in the beginning?‎ A．To praise her tutor.‎ B．To show her struggle with maths.‎ C．To introduce a company.‎ D．To encourage pupils to learn maths online.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。第一段提到了Ambar在网上接受一对一的数学教学，该网上家教中心位于世界的另一端——印度。由此引出下文介绍的一家公司Third Space Learning。故作者在文章一开始提到Ambar是为了引出这家公司。‎ ‎13．What do we know about Third Space Learning?‎ A．It makes good teachers and lessons.‎ B．It is aimed at students from poor backgrounds.‎ C．It is being used to monitor and improve teaching.‎ D．It provides online maths lessons for schoolchildren.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“signed up for weekly onetoone maths sessions with tutors based in India and Sri Lanka ... are targeted at pupils struggling with maths”可知，Third Space Learning为小学生提供网上一对一的数学课程，故选D项。‎ ‎14．Which may Tom Hooper agree with?‎ A．AI makes man irrelevant.‎ B．AI is beneficial to teaching.‎ C．Robots are smarter than man.‎ D．Robots will replace humans.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“By using the data, we've been trying to introduce AI to improve the teaching.”可知，Hooper认为AI对教学是有好处的，故选B项。‎ ‎15．What is the last paragraph mainly about?‎ A．What is taught in the lesson?‎ B．How is the lesson taught?‎ C．Who learns the lesson?‎ D．Why is the lesson taught?‎ 解析：选B　段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了这种课的教学模式。故选B项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎ More and more are putting forward the doubt “Why is learning a foreign language increasingly popular？” __1__ Let's just start with the general.‎ Communication. A clear reason for learning a new language is to be able to communicate with the people who speak it. People in every country prefer it when tourists make an effort to speak the local language, even if all they can say in it is “hello” and “please”. __2__‎ Cultural understanding.Speaking a new language helps you to get to know other people and cultures, as language and culture go hand in hand.__3__ In addition, you can enjoy literature, films, and music in the original language. It is extremely difficult for a translation to be a perfect ‎ replica (复制品) of the original.‎ Business and careers.__4__ Schools and employers tend to prefer candidates who speak one or more foreign languages. Even though English is widely spoken in much of the world, the fact is that the global economy depends on communication. When dealing with France, for example, someone who speaks French will have an obvious advantage over someone who doesn't.　‎ ‎__5__ Learning another language can help you to understand your own. Many languages have led to the development of English. So learning those will teach you where words and even grammatical structures are from. Also, in learning how another language differs from your own, you will increase your understanding of your own language.‎ A．Personal achievements.‎ B．Language improvement.‎ C．Actually, there're many kinds of reasons to do so.‎ D．Learning another language opens your mind to new ideas.‎ E．Speaking more than one language will increase your marketability.‎ F．It is true that mastering several foreign languages is of great benefit.‎ G．Your trip will be also more comfortable if you speak the local language.‎ 语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文，主要讲述了为什么要学习外语。‎ ‎1选C　根据上文的“More and more are putting forward the doubt ‘Why is learning a foreign language increasingly popular？’”(越来越多的人提出“为什么学习一门外语日益流行？”的疑问)和下文的“Let's just start with the general.”(让我们从常见的说起)可知，C项“事实上，各种各样的原因促使(人们)这样做”承上启下，符合语境。‎ ‎2．选G　根据上文的“People in every country prefer it when tourists make an effort to speak the local language”及G项中的“also”可知，G项“如果你使用当地语言讲话的话，你的旅途也会更舒适”承接上文，进一步说明了使用外语的好处。‎ ‎3．选D　根据空格处前后的内容可知，此处亦是在说学习外语的好处，故D项“学习另外一种语言能让你愿意接受新想法”符合语境。‎ ‎4．选E　根据本段的主旨句“Business and careers.”及下文的“Schools and employers tend to prefer candidates who speak one or more foreign languages ...”可知，空格处讲的应是和学习一门外语在商业和职业中的好处相关的内容，故E项“说多种语言可以增强你的市场适应力”符合语境。‎ ‎5．选B　根据下文中的“help you to understand your own”“the development of English”“increase your understanding of your own language”可知，本段主要讲的是学习外语有助于提升你对语言的理解，故B项“语言提升”符合语境。‎