【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之三十二（13页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之三十二（13页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之三十二 ‎[一]‎ Almost all of us have spent our beautiful childhood by reading fairy tales．The Smurfs （蓝精灵）-cute little blue cartoon dwarfs（小矮人） which are inspired by Nordic fairy tales —made their first TV appearance in the US in 1981 and ever since have been childhood friends to many people all over the world．‎ The storyline is quite simple．The Smurfs are living happily in their mushroom houses in the middle of a forest．Then one day the evil wizard Gargamel discovers their village and sends them by magic to the present-day New York City．The Smurfs have to find their way home and conquer Gargamel along the way．‎ ‎ So, just why, more than half a century later, is the simple story still so beloved by young and old?‎ Mario Cacciolotto, a BBC reporter, believes it is due to the fact that the Smurfs' lives do not have "any particular cultural implication" and argues that they "could offer a model for society"．‎ Veronique Culliford, daughter of the Smurfs' creator Pierre Culliford, agrees．"They are unique creations," she says．" They do．not involve politics or religion．They are multi-cultural and everybody around the world can recognize themselves in the Smurfs．Everyone can apply their very nice values of friendship, kindness and helping others to their own lives, regardless of where they come from．"‎ In the Smurf world, everyone has their own skill and is willing to use it for the benefit of others without expecting any reward．Their village is run as a collective （合作公社） and has no form of currency．This has even led to debates about whether the artist intended the Smurfs as a metaphor （暗喻） for socialism．"The series wasn't just about sweet-looking dwarfs, " said Alan Mechem of the British Smurf Collectors Club．He thought that Culliford wanted it to show things like equality and tolerance．‎ ‎29．The Smurfs movie is mainly about_____．‎ ‎ A．the Smurfs' happy life in their village ‎ B．the evil wizard Gargamel's powerful magic ‎ C．the Smurfs 'adventures in New York City ‎ D．how the Smurfs rebuild their village ‎30．According to Veronique Culliford, why is the Smurfs' story still popular after more than half a century?‎ ‎ A．Its characters are unique． B．It has a simple storyline．‎ ‎ C．It has a deep religious meaning． D．It reflects the Nordic ‎ culture．‎ ‎31．Which of the following statements about the Smurfs is true according to the passage?‎ ‎ A．The Smurfs are socialists． [来om]‎ ‎ B．The Smurfs are friendly and tolerant．‎ ‎ C．All the Smurfs in the movie are male．‎ ‎ D．Every Smurf uses its own special skill for its own benefit．‎ ‎32．What is the main point of the passage?‎ ‎ A．The history' and background of the Smurfs stories．‎ ‎ B．Introducing the Smurfs and people's opinions．‎ ‎ C．The story of Pierre Culliford and his Smurfs cartoons．‎ ‎ D．Socialism and women's rights hidden in the Smurfs．‎ 参考答案：28-31．CA BB ‎[二]‎ Forbes set out to determine which master’s degrees would provide the best long-term opportunities, based on salary and employment outlook. To find the mid-career average pay for 35 popular degrees, we turned to Payscale.com, which lets users compare their salaries with those of other people in similar jobs by gathering real-time salary data from its 35 million profiles. We then looked at the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ employment estimate data to see how fast employment was expected to increase between 2010 and 2020 in popular jobs held by people with each degree. Finally we averaged each degree’s pay rank and estimated growth rank to find the best and worst master’s degrees for jobs.‎ Physician assistant degree is at the top of the Forbes’ third-annual look at the best master’s degrees for jobs. Physician assistants are medical professionals who provide diagnostic and preventative health care services under the guidance of doctors.‎ ‎“Both an aging population and health care reform are contributing to a higher demand for health care services,” says Katie Bardaro, Payscale’s lead economist. ‎ They don’t earn as much as doctors, but their mid-career average pay is $97,000. Another advantage of a physician assistant degree: Employment opportunities are expected to grow 30% by 2020 (from the 2010 employment numbers), according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.‎ By our count, computer science follows close behind as the No. 2 best advanced degree for jobs. Mid-career average pay for these grads is $109,000, sixth best out of the 35 degrees in our survey. Employment opportunities for computer science degree-holders are expected to expand about 22% between 2010 and 2020. Electrical engineering, physics and economics degrees also make the top 10, all with an average mid-career salary of more than $110,000 a year.‎ Not all master’s degree holders enjoy anywhere near such optimistic ‎ job prospects(前景) or extraordinary pay. Biology, chemistry and history degrees are toward the bottom of the list—but that doesn’t mean they’re useless. If you’re enthusiastic about these fields, the lower pay and slimmer job prospects shouldn’t prevent you from pursuing a master’s. ‎ Before you make a decision, you should bear one thing in mind: master’s degree-holders don’t necessarily earn more than other people in similar jobs—so don’t base your decision to pursue one on the idea that you’ll bring in bigger paychecks.‎ It’s also important to think about work-life balance and employee satisfaction for the common jobs associated with these degrees. “You need to consider overall happiness,” Bardaro says. “If obtaining a master’s degree causes an imbalance due to time devoted to education and potentially more stress at work, then one will need to decide if these costs are worth it.”‎ ‎27. Forbes turned to Payscale.com to __________.‎ A. let users compare their salaries with those of other people in different jobs B. see how fast employment was expected to increase between 2010 and 2020‎ C. sum up the pay of those graduates with 35 popular degrees in different fields D. figure out the mid-career average pay in popular jobs held by people with different degree ‎28. Physician assistant degree ranks first on the list because __________.‎ A. Physician assistants are medical professionals.‎ B. Physician assistants enjoy the highest pay compared with other grads.‎ C. The qualifications of physician assistants are not second to those of doctors.‎ D. The demand of physician assistants is expected to expand largely and they are well-paid.‎ ‎29. What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. $100,000 is a satisfying pay for most of the grads.‎ B. It is the first time that Forbes has done a survey of this kind.‎ C. Biology degrees were once hot for those master’s degree pursuers.‎ D. Doctors earn more than those in electrical engineering on the average.‎ ‎30. According to what Bardaro said in the last paragraph, we may safely conclude that __________.‎ A. obtaining a master’s degree is a must B. a master’s degree is not always worth pursuing C. obtaining a master’s degree leads to an imbalance between work and life D. those with master’s degrees are bound to earn more than other people in similar jobs 参考答案： 27-30. DDAB ‎[三]‎ The world's largest solar thermal plant(太阳热能发电站)is set to begin producing power in the United States by the end of the year. Wind and energy from the sun are generally considered clean, unlike energy from coal-burning power stations. However, environmentalists now worry that too much solar power development could harm the local environment.‎ A California company — BrightSource Energy is building a huge solar power plant in the Mojave desert, about 60 kilometers southwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. The plant is known as the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System. Joe Desmond works for the company. "This is actually one of the highest concentrations of sunlight in the world, out here in Ivanpah." explained Desmond. BrightSource Energy will deploy 170,000 specially designed mirrors to direct solar energy towards boilers on top of three power towers. The steam produced in the boilers will drive turbine (涡轮) to make electricity. Joe Desmond says the steam can reach temperatures of more than 260 degrees Celsius. "We can store the sun's thermal energy in the form of molten salt, so we can produce electricity even when the sun goes down. There is a lot of interest in concentrating solar power around the globe in environments where you have lots of sun, such as China, South Africa, the Middle East, North Africa, explained Desmond.‎ Environmentalists generally support the idea of solar power, however, many are concerned about the effect of power plants on sensitive environment. Lisa Belenky is a lawyer with the Center for Biological Diversity, a private group. She says environmentalists are specifically worried about the effect of the Ivanpah Solar Project on the sensitive plant and animal life in that part of Mojave desert. "Even though the desert seems big, when you start cutting it up, it can really affect how the species and the animals and the plants are able to survive in the long run,"said Lisa Belenky. BrightSource Energy has already spent more than $ 50 million to move endangered desert tortoises away from the power plant. but Lisa Belenky says this is not the answer. "We should be reusing areas that have a1ready been disturbed, like old mining sites, for example...either on homes, on businesses, parking lots." said Belenky.‎ There have also been reports of birds dying at the Ivanpah Plant and others like it.‎ Some birds die after colliding with solar equipment which the animals mistake for water. Other birds were killed or suffered burns after flying through the intense heat at the solar thermal plant. As solar projects increase, environmentalists and developers are considering what to do to reduce bird death.‎ ‎63. Why is the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System being built in the desert?‎ A. Because the temperature is extremely high in the desert.‎ B. Because there is no life in the desert.‎ C. Because there is much salt in the desert.‎ D. Because sunlight is highly focused in the desert.‎ ‎64. Why can the plant make electricity at night?‎ A. Because the sun's thermal energy can be stored in the form of steam.‎ B. Because the sun's thermal energy can be stored in the form of molten salt.‎ C. Because the sun's thermal energy can be stored through mirrors D. Because the sun's thermal energy can be stored in the boilers.‎ ‎65. According to Lisa Belenky, in order to reduce the effect,_____.‎ A. we should move all the plants and animals away from the solar plant B. we should guide the bird not to hit the solar plant C we should build the solar plant in disturbed areas D. we should build the solar plant in the desert ‎66. The author’s attitude towards the solar projects is _____.‎ A. supportive B. critical C. indifferent D. cautious 参考答案： 63---66 DBCD ‎[四]‎ Britain's Prime Minister Theresa May attended the opening ceremony of the 2018 “English is GREAT” activity, which aims to support and encourage more people across China to learn to speak English, during her visit to Wuhan University in Central China's Hubei Province, Jan 31.‎ ‎ Started by the British Council, the UK's international organization for cultural relations and educational opportunities, this year-long activity sets out to improve fluency in spoken English in particular.‎ Prize-winning online competition The activity also marked the start of an online competition, “My Favorite English Word”. You can join by simply posting your word of choice on China Daily.com. The most popular words will be included in a draw to win a variety of prizes, including Kindle, Polaroid camera and Bluetooth speaker. To participate, click here.‎ English Teacher Award ‎ ‎ The activity establishes an English Teacher Award to recognize excellence in teaching among Chinese non-native teachers of English. Nominations(提名) will be made by students and English teachers.‎ ‎ In order to recognize more inspiring teachers, monthly prizes will be ‎ presented and the winner of the grand final award will be announced later in the year. The winner will have the opportunity to study in the UK for 4 weeks—supported by the International House London.‎ ‎ Throughout the activity, the “English is GREAT” website will provide access to free online resources and all kinds of materials for English learners of all levels.‎ UK-Mandarin (Standard Chinese) Excellence Program ‎ The “English is GREAT” activity will reply to the UK-Mandarin Excellence Program, started in 2016, which aims to have 5,000 secondary school pupils in the UK fluent in Mandarin by 2020.‎ ‎46. What's the aim of the 2018 “English is GREAT” activity? ‎ A. To make more Chinese learn to speak English.‎ B. To collect some advice about the program.‎ C. To spread English culture and Chinese culture.‎ D. To introduce one of the Prime Minister's activities.‎ ‎47. How will you take part in the first activity? ‎ A. By paying some money. ‎ B. By e-mailing your favorite word.‎ C. By logging in the website first. ‎ D. By winning different prizes.‎ ‎48. Which is true about the last two parts of the passage? ‎ A. All the English teachers will receive prizes. ‎ B. The winner will visit the UK for four weeks.‎ C. Beginners cannot take part in the activity. ‎ D. Some English pupils are learning Mandarin. ‎ 参考答案：46-48ACD ‎ ‎[五]‎ Lao She wrote Teahouse in 1957.The play shows audience life in China between 1898 and 1945.It takes place in a teahouse in old Beijing and it tells us the story of Wang Lifa and customers. It asks us to see the teahouse as the centre of the neighborhood. Finally, it says good bye to old Beijing and its people.‎ The story starts in 1898 during the Qing Dynasty. It continues in 1916, and finally, it brings the audience to the end of the Anti－Japanese War in 1945. After the war, Wang loses the teahouse and dies.‎ Lao She was born in Beijing in 1899.His parents sent him to the Teacher's School in Beijing and he learned to teach. From 1924 to 1929 he taught Chinese to the English in London. He wrote ‎ many plays, novels and short stories. He was named a “People's Artist” and a “Great Master of Language”. He was one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century.‎ In Lao She's Teahouse today, waiters bring tea to the customers and sell them delicious Chinese food. If you like Beijing Opera, folk music, acrobatics or magic shows, you can enjoy them in the teahouse. LaoShe's Teahouse gives a wonderful welcome to everyone from China and from all over the world.‎ ‎26. What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?‎ A. Lao She. B. Lao She's Teahouse. ‎ C. The story of the teahouse. D. The play Teahouse.‎ ‎27. How many years of life in China is shown in the play Teahouse?‎ A. 57 years. B. 45 years. C. 98 years. D. 47 years.‎ ‎28. When does Wang Lifa lose the teahouse?‎ A. In 1898. B. In 1916. C. Before 1945. D. After 1945.‎ ‎29. Lao She was all of the following except ________.‎ A. a boss of the teahouse B. a People's Artist ‎ C. a Great Master of Language ‎ D. one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century ‎30. Who are welcome to Lao She's Teahouse today?‎ A. Only Chinese customers. ‎ B. Only foreign customers. ‎ C. Every customer from home and abroad. ‎ D. Only Beijing Opera audience.‎ 参考答案：26----30 BDDAC ‎[六]‎ ‎ Different countries have different customs in giving presents. In China you must never give a clock to a Chinese person，because the sound of the word for “clock” is similar to the sound of “death”. Also，don't wrap(用……包裹) a present in white，black or blue paper，because they are the colors for funerals(葬礼).Don't give a knife，because something sharp can cut a friendship.‎ In Russia if you give flowers as presents，you have to give an odd number of them (one，three，‎ five，etc.) because even numbers of flowers are for funerals.‎ In Germany if you are invited to dinner，flowers are good presents to take to your dinner hostess (女主人)，but don't take her red roses because it means you are in love with her. Don't take thirteen of anything because it's an unlucky number. Don't take an even number of anything, either. Don't wrap your presents in white, brown, or black paper.‎ ‎21. According to the passage，_____ must never be given to Chinese people as presents.‎ A. flowers B. Clothes C. food D. clocks ‎22. People don't wrap presents in black or white paper in ________.‎ A. Germany B. China C. both China and Germany D. both China and Russia ‎23. What does the underline word “even” mean in Chinese in the passage?‎ A. 偶数 B. 奇数的 C. 甚至 D.平坦 ‎24. What presents can you take to your dinner hostess in Germany?‎ A. Thirteen of something. B. Flowers except red roses.‎ C. An even number of something. ‎ D. Something wrapped in brown paper.‎ ‎25. Which is the best title of the passage?‎ A. Foreigners' Presents B. Giving Flowers as Presents C. Different Customs in Giving Presents D. Don't Give Thirteen of Anything as Presents 参考答案：21--- 25 DCABC ‎[七]‎ Astronauts in the space stations for long missions often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled(安排) so tightly that break times are often used to finish the day’s work. It’s especially hard for long missions on the International Space Station (ISS). ISS crew members usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can communicate with family and friends by email, Internet phone and through private video meetings. ‎ While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in space, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crew member ‎ put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading materials for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth. During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. Today, the Internet can be used on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do some “web surfing” in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space. ‎ ‎ Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out of the window and stare at the universe and the Earth’s vast land mass and oceans. ‎ ‎29. What does the word “mimic” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A. Find B. Copy C. Change D. Lose ‎30. In the last paragraph, the author shows that astronauts ____________. ‎ ‎ A. get more pleasure in space than on the Earth ‎ B. find living in space a bit boring and tiring C. regard space life as common D. love to see the Earth from space ‎31. The passage mainly discusses how astronauts ____________. ‎ A. work for longer missions in space B. connect with people on the Earth C. observe the Earth from space D. spend their free time in space 参考答案：29-31 BDD ‎[八]‎ B Two hundred years ago, American students went to American schools. Like you, they studied math, spelling and geography. Unlike you, they also studied Greek (希腊语) and Latin (拉丁语). In fact, students spent more than half their time studying Greek and Latin.‎ The same was true for most students in Europe. Until the seventh century, all educated Europeans knew Latin. It did not matter if they lived in England, Italy, France or Spain. If they were educated, they knew Latin.‎ During the seventh century, educated Europeans began to study Greek as well as Latin. Greek and Latin had been the leading languages of the ancient Greeks and Romans. All educated Europeans were expected to know these languages.‎ To educated Europeans, the languages of the Greeks and the Romans were important. The ideas of the Greeks and Romans were also important. People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans. To understand their own culture, they must understand its origin (起源). They knew that those beginnings lay in the classical (古典文学的) world.‎ Today we have so many things to study that few people have time to learn Greek and Latin. Few of you will study either language in school. Yet the ideas of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us. These ideas still help to shape Western culture today. To understand our own culture, we must understand the culture of the classical world.‎ ‎25. Two hundred years ago, in American schools _____.‎ A. there were many educated Greeks B. Greek and Latin were very popular C. students paid little attention to math D. students knew little about geography ‎26. According to the text, Europeans thought _____.‎ A. the origin of their culture was unknown ‎ B. the ideas of the Greeks were unacceptable C. Greek was much more important than Latin D. the Romans had a great influence on their culture ‎ ‎27. Where does the author of the text probably come from?‎ A. Japan. B. Greece. C. America. D. China.‎ ‎28. In the last paragraph, the author suggests that _____.‎ A. it’s of great value to learn Greek and Latin B. it’s quite difficult to learn Greek and Latin C. the culture of the classical world is useless nowadays D. Western culture is quite different from Greek and Roman cultures ‎ 参考答案：25-30BDCA ‎[九]‎ Each of us has abilities, whether physical, mental, or social. What most of us don't realize is that teaching these skills to children can help change their lives. That's why coaching（辅导） can have such a huge effect. For America's kids, learning not only a skill but also how to work together is the perfect foundation for their future success. ‎ Maybe you don't like sports or haven't practised them since primary school, but don't give up on coaching just yet. Neither coaching nor teamwork（协作） is the only field of sports. In fact, there are all kinds of coaching experiences at hand that have nothing to do with muscles and games. From debating（辩论） to building robots to making music, teamwork programs for kids are exploding（大量涌现）, and they all need people like us to help. ‎ Think about your skills. Are you good at chess? Tennis? Maybe you speak like Daniel Webster. Then find out what programs are at your local schools, library, or community center that agree with your specialty. And if there isn't a program, take the next step. For children in areas in which money is little, there aren't many activities to choose from at schools or community centers. Stand up for those kids and ask yourself what you can do to create a new "team" opportunity. ‎ Remember also that children who are new to a job or sport don't need a coacher, just some guidance. In other words, you don't have to be Tiger Woods to teach golf or Annie Leibowitz to teach photography. You just have to be willing to share yourself. Show a child how to paint freely, solve crossword puzzles, debate, care for pot flower and so on. There's a championship out there for just about every skill; why not give a child the excitement of being recognized for a new talent? And yes, coaching baseball, football, basketball, soccer, or any other traditional sport is always an amazing way to give. ‎ ‎1. The passage is written for .‎ ‎ A. children B. officials C. workers D. parents ‎2. The topic sentence of the text is .‎ ‎ A. Each of us has abilities, whether physical, mental, or social.‎ ‎ B. That's why coaching can have such a huge effect.‎ ‎ C. Learning not only a skill but also how to work together is the perfect foundation for their future success.‎ ‎ D. Remember also that children who are new to a job or sport don't need a coacher, just some guidance.‎ ‎3. Tiger Woods is good at .‎ ‎ A. sports B. hunting C. shooting D. taking photos ‎4. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. Any traditional sport is always an amazing way to give a child the excitement.‎ ‎ B. The children who are new to a job or sport need a coacher.‎ ‎ C. There are all kinds of coaching experiences at hand that have nothing to do with muscles and games.‎ ‎ D. Most of us don’t realize that coaching these skills to children can help change their lives.‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎1. D 从第一段中的teaching these skills to children can help change their lives和第二段中的they all need people like us to help及其它地方均可看出，整篇文章是讲成人如何正确指导孩子的。‎ ‎2. C 整篇文章都是围绕着该句而展开议论的。‎ ‎3. A 从该句中可以看出，他是一著名高尔夫球（golf）教练。‎ ‎4. B 从第四段第一句中可以看出B项错误。其余各项均与文章相符。‎ ‎[十]‎ Noise pollution（噪音污染）is doing much harm to our health now. Noise，in fact，is unwanted sound and is a kind of invisible (无形的) killer. More and more students enjoy listening to music very much. When they listen to MP3 players, they like to turn up the volume (音量)．Some people love listening to loud music. Furthermore, while watching TV, they keep the volume up. But they haven't realized that the noise is weakening their hearing. In fact, the noise not only influences each member in the family, but also makes a difference to the comfort of neighbors.‎ ‎ Noise pollution is a source of increasing misery (痛苦) to people in our society. If people are often disturbed by it, they may feel uncomfortable or upset. What's worse, the noise can make people mad sometimes. If a worker works in a printing factory for too long, his/her hearing loss is much faster than a common person working in a quieter environment. So everybody must pay more attention to noise pollution. Generally speaking，the following four types of noise should be watched out for：‎ ‎ ◆Noise in the street ‎ ‎ ◆Construction site (建筑工地) noise ‎ ◆Noise at work ‎ ◆Transportation noise ‎ I think the local department (部门) should take measures to control the ‎ noise levels, but it's everybody's duty to keep a quiet environment.‎ ‎31．Why is noise called a kind of invisible killer?‎ A. Because we can't see it with our own eyes.‎ B. Because it's really harmful to our health，but people don't realize it.‎ C. Because it often causes people to die.‎ D. Because it has no direct effect on humans.‎ ‎32．What do the words “makes a difference to” mean?‎ A. influences B. produces C. refers D. provides ‎33．Noise pollution may not make people feel________.‎ A. uncomfortable B. upset C. mad D. pleased ‎34．Which of the following is NOT true?‎ A. Listening to loud music may do some harm to your hearing. ‎ B. Noise is a kind of unwanted sound.‎ C. We needn't watch out for the construction site noise.‎ D. Everybody has a duty to keep a quiet environment.‎ ‎35．What's the best title for the passage?‎ A. Different Kinds of Pollution ‎ B. The Harm of Noise Pollution C. Hearing Loss ‎ ‎ D. Our Health 参考答案：31---35 BADCB