福建沙县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（五）

福建沙县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（五）

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 福建沙县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（五） 【2015 高考复习】阅读理解 Wisdom teeth are normally the last teeth to appear.This usually happens when people are in their late teen years or early twenties，in other words，when they are older and wiser. Wisdom teeth can grow into place normally and never cause a problem.But often there is not enough room for them in the mouth；they might crowd other teeth.Sometimes they even push sideways through the gums (齿龈)． An impacted wisdom tooth is one that fails to completely rise through the gums.Wisdom teeth that only partly break through can leave space for bacteria to enter around the teeth.Infection (感 染) is a risk in these cases. Wisdom teeth that are not well lined and become impacted are often removed.The American Dental Association says removal is generally advised when wisdom teeth only partly break through the gums.Removal is also advised if there is a chance that wisdom teeth ate poorly lined.The best time to remove is before the teeth cause any problems or pain.Young adults are the best candidates for wisdom teeth removal. But why do we have wisdom teeth if we often need to get them removed？One theory has to do with our diets.Scientists say the diet of ancient humans probably required more chewing teeth.Life was probably a little rougher on the teeth back then，too.So it was good to have extras. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了智慧之牙——智齿。 5．According to the passage，which of the following statements is NOT true? A．Just older and wiser people can have wisdom teeth. B．Wisdom teeth can cause problems if not in their right place. C．Impacted wisdom teeth can’t grow out of the gum fully. D．Wisdom teeth that only partly break can get bacterial infections. 解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，所谓的智齿是指在青少年晚期或二十岁出头长出的牙齿，而不 是只有老人或智者才有的牙齿。 答案 A 6．Wisdom teeth should be removed________. A．when they break through the gums B．when they are below the gums C．if they are not well lined or get impacted D．if they take up enough room in the mouth 解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“Wisdom teeth that are not well lined and become impacted are often removed.”可知，C 项正确。 答案 C 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 7．We can learn from the passage that________. A．impacted wisdom teeth have the risk of getting infected B．ancient humans need chewing teeth because of their happy life C．older adults are the best candidates for wisdom teeth removal D．more chewing teeth are needed for the diet of modern humans 解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，阻生智齿(即 impacted wisdom teeth)会在牙齿周围给细菌留出 进入的空间，这就有被感染的风除。故选 A。根据第四段最后一句可排除 C项；根据最后一段可排除 B、D 两项。 答案 A 8．The main purpose of the passage is to________. A．advise B．persuade C．comment D．introduce 解析 写作意图题。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了长智齿的大约时间、智齿可能导致的问题、拔掉 智齿的时间、为什么长智齿等内容。所以本文写作的主要目的就是介绍。 答案 D 2016 高考训练题----阅读理解。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 My grandmother was an iron-willed woman, everyone in my family feared her. When I was five years old, she invited some friends and relatives to her Bronx apartment for a party. Among the guests was a rich neighborhood who was doing well in business. His wife was proud of their social status and let everyone at the party know it. They had a little girl about my age who was spoiled(娇 生惯养) and very much used to getting her own way. At one point during the party, I made my way to the bathroom and closed the door behind me. A minute or two later, the little girl opened the bathroom door and walked in. . "Don't you know that little girls aren't supposed to come into the bathroom when a little boy is using it!?" I shouted. The surprise of my being there, along with the anger I had poured on her, shocked the little girl. Then she started to cry. She quickly closed the door, ran to the kitchen, and tearfully complained to her parents and my grandmother. Grandmother was waiting for me when I left the bathroom. I received the longest, sharpest scolding of my young life. After her scolding was over and I had been dismissed , the party continued. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 Twenty minutes later, all that changed. Grandmother walked by the bathroom and noticed a water streaming out from under the door. She pushed open the bathroom door and saw that the tap was turned on at full blast. Everyone knew who did it. The guests quickly formed a protective wall around me, but Grandmother was so angry that she almost got to me anyway. My grandfather took me by the hand and seated me on his lap in a chair near the window. He was a kind and gentle man, full of wisdom and patience. Rarely did he raise his voice to anyone, and never did he argue with his wife . He looked at me with much curiosity, not at all angry or upset. "Tell me," he asked, "why did you do it?" "Well, she yelled at me for nothing," I said earnestly. "Now she's got something to yell about." Grandfather didn't speak right away. He just sat there, looking at me and smiling. "Eric," he said at last, "you are my revenge(报复)." 1.The little girl cried during the party because_________. A.nobody played with her B.her parents scolded her C.the hostess scolded her D.the author`s shout shocked her 2.Who turned on the taps at full blast? A.the little girl B.one of the guest C.the author D.the author`s grandfather 3.Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word? A.beated B.sent away C.scolded D.praised 4.What is the grandfather`s attitude to grandmother? A.not satisfied in his mind B. very satisfied C.angry D. pleased 参考答案 1—4、DCBA [社会生活型阅读理解(一)] I've spent over a year in India, and in those 365 plus days, I've learned a lot about getting around Indian cities. My biggest lessons have been learned through being cheated, particularly by taxi and rickshaw (人力车) drivers, but that doesn't mean those are bad ways to travel, as long as you know what you're doing. Below are the best ways to get around the city of Delhi, India, and tips for how to keep from being the victim of scams (欺诈)． Taking taxis is a great way to get around the city of Delhi and chances are, if you arrive in 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 Delhi by plane, as soon as you make it through customs, you'll be swarmed by Indian taxi drivers. At the Delhi airport, be sure to arrange for a taxi to your hotel at one of the two Delhi Traffic Police Taxi Booths. One is inside the airport, and one is outside. The key is to make sure to go to a booth run by the police, rather than by independent taxi drivers. Rickshaws are one of my favourite ways to get around Indian cities, in part because it's how the locals often travel. Autorickshaws are more common, but bicycle rickshaws are still used in Old Delhi. If you do have a chance to take a bicycle rickshaw, you should do it at least once for a unique experience that should only set you back about 15 rupees. Autorickshaw rates around Delhi range between 30 and 80 rupees, depending on the distance. If you really want to travel around Delhi like the locals, take a public bus. Indian buses become very crowded and most do not have air conditioning. They are, however, very cheap. A bus trip won't set you back any more than 15 rupees, as long as you stay within the city limits. Since Indian buses get so crowded, try to board the bus at the start of the route so you can get a seat. The train is a great way to get around within the city of Delhi. Fares are reasonable, between 6 and 22 rupees. All departure announcements are in both Hindi and English, and tokens can be purchased for between 6 and 22 rupees. 1．The author is trying to ________ in Delhi through this text. A．give some advice of travelling B．expect us to travel around C．show his/her experiences D．explain the difficulties of travelling 2．To avoid being cheated, you ought to ________ if you want to take a taxi at the Delhi airport. A．pay more to the drivers to keep safe B．show your ticket to the driver C．go to a policerun booth D．go out of the airport 3．The author suggests taking a rickshaw in order to ________． A．save some money B．enjoy the comfortable trip C．gain a unique experience D．help the local rickshaw drivers 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．You won't have to pay much if you travel around by bus in India. B．It will be difficult for you to get a seat if you get on the bus halfway. C．A rickshaw driver only charges whatever amount you give him. D．You'll have to speak English if you travel around in India. 5．Which may be the topic that follows? A．Hotel recommendations in Delhi. B．Weather conditions in Delhi. C．Food and drink in Delhi. D．Car rentals in Delhi. (一) 【要点综述】 本文作者就在印度德里旅行时的交通方面提出了几点建议。 1．A 细节理解题。通读全文我们可以看出，作者在本文中给读者提出了一些建议，告诉读者在德里旅行 时应注意的几个问题。因此，本文的写作目的是要给读者提出建议。 2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句我们可以知道，在机场搭乘出租车时，应到警察经营的摊位。 3．C 细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句我们可以知道，作者建议乘坐人力车以获得一种独特的体验。 4．B 推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句我们可以知道，为了上车后能有一个座位，作者建议最好从起 点站上车。这就意味着如果中途上车的话，就很难有座位了。 5．D 推理判断题。由本文第一段的最后一句可知，本文主要介绍关于德里交通方面避免受骗的几个建议。 因此，在所给的几个选项当中，只有 D项与交通有关。据此，我们可以确定后面接着讨论的最有可能是汽 车租赁业务。 [社会生活型阅读理解(一)]----- (二) Life is to be enjoyed. There's no point in giving up something you enjoy unless you get something back that's even better. When people eat more healthfully, exercise, quit smoking, and manage stress better, they find that they feel so much better that it reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living. The latest studies show that when you exercise and eat right： YOUR BRAIN receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, think more clearly, have 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 more energy, and need less sleep. Two studies showed that just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many new neurons (神经细胞) to grow that it actually increased the size of people's brains! YOUR FACE receives more blood flow, so your_skin_glows more and wrinkles less. You look younger and more attractive. In contrast, an unhealthy diet, chronic emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face so you age more quickly. Smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries (动脉) to narrow down, which decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle earlier. This is why smokers look years older than they really are. YOUR GENES change. In May, a study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences showing that changing your lifestyle changes your genes. YOUR TELOMERES (染色体端粒) get longer. Telomeres are the ends of our chromosomes (染色体) that control how long we live. As telomeres become shorter, then cells age more quickly, thus shortening our lives. Besides, one of the most interesting findings in the study was that the mothers' awareness of stress was more important than what was really occurring in their lives. The researchers gave the women a questionnaire and asked them to rate on a threepoint scale how stressed they felt each day, and how out of control their lives felt to them. The women who were aware that they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres compared with those who felt more relaxed. On the contrary, some of the women who felt relaxed despite raising a disabled child had more normalappearing telomeres. In other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed; if you feel fine, you are fine. 1．Which of the following are good for lengthening one's life, according to the passage? ① eat healthy food ② drink plenty of water ③ take exercise ④ get up early ⑤ go to sleep early ⑥ release one's stress A．①③⑥ B．①②③ C．①⑤⑥ D．③④⑥ 2．The underlined words “your skin glows” in Paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to “________”． A．your skin becomes white as there is plenty of sunshine B．your skin becomes smooth as there is much blood in it 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 C． your skin looks pink as you are healthy D．your skin becomes soft as you exercise enough 3．In the author's opinion, when you exercise and eat right, you will experience some changes EXCEPT ________． A．brains becoming cleverer B．faces having fewer wrinkles C．arteries turning narrower D．genes being changed 4．From the last but one paragraph we learn that ________． A．mothers will have more damaged telomeres if they raise a disabled child B．mothers don't know how to handle stress effectively C．some women were asked to fill out a questionnaire about educating children D．mothers' positive attitudes are the key to managing their stress 5．The best title for the passage would be “________”． A．Eat better, live better B．Feel better, live longer C．Less stress, fewer diseases D．Smoke more, age sooner (二) 【要点综述】 本文是一篇调查报告，讲述了生活方式对健康的重要性。 1．A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When people eat more healthfully，exercise，quit smoking， and manage stress better…”可知答案。 2．C 词义猜测题。根据前文信息“YOUR FACE receives more blood flow…”可知，glow 在文中的意思 为“脸色红润”。故选择 C 项。 3．C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries(动脉) to narrow down…”可知，尼古丁使动脉变窄。故 C 项错误。 4．D 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句话以及后面的调查结果可知，母亲们对压力的态度对成功 应付压力起着重要的作用。故 D 项正确。 5．B 主旨大意题。综合文章第二至五段可以看出，当心情好时，新的神经细胞不断生长、动脉变宽、基 因改变、染色体端粒变长，因此人的寿命也会相应地变长，所以选择 B，其他选项都是片面的。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8