山东临沂实验学校2020届高三高考模拟卷12英语试题 Word版含解析

山东临沂实验学校2020届高三高考模拟卷12英语试题 Word版含解析

‎2020年山东临沂实验学校高考模拟卷(十二)‎ 英语 ‎（考试时间：100分钟 ）‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Growing up in Puerto Rico, our family was no different from so many others. My parents got married after my father came back when the war ended. Both of my parents were struggling with the hard economic realities of the time. But somehow, they found time to cherish those cultural values that shaped our everyday life. ‎ ‎ In our daily life, we celebrated together with our friends or family members every birthday, every graduation, and all holidays with music and dancing, typical foods. When we visited our family in the countryside—a trip that took about two hours in a car, with five children fighting as to who would get a window or the front seat—we would break into a song, and somehow the trip would turn into one full of happiness and fun. We would sing not only interesting children’s songs but also beautiful love songs—songs about the love of the country though we didn’t understand the meaning of the words many times. ‎ ‎ I came to Philadelphia for the first time in 1973 to do a residency (实习) in family medicine. I remember the many hours of work. I was facing issues of life and death and suffering the clearly social unfairness and issues of poverty and race. These were all aggravated by my feeling of cultural differences. ‎ - 21 -‎ ‎ An important turning point in my life happened one Saturday night when I attended a concert of Puerto Rican singer and composer Antonio Caban Vale. The music showed my familiar rhythms, and the words spoke to my heart. I had found a space to express, celebrate, and share my culture in Philadelphia. Therefore, I believe diversity is seen as an advantage and not as a disadvantage. As a Puerto Rican, I am a mixture of races and I believe in my strength because of this.‎ ‎1. What do we know about the author’s parents?‎ A. They lived a well-off life.‎ B. They were famous in Puerto Rico.‎ C. They had different cultural values.‎ D. They took cultural values seriously.‎ ‎2. Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “aggravated”?‎ A. Worsened. B. Appreciated.‎ C. Criticized. D. Caused.‎ ‎3. What did the concert make the author aware of?‎ A. The possibility of celebrating her own culture.‎ B. The right to share one’s culture with others.‎ C. The happiness of possessing unique cultural values.‎ D. The right of cultures to coexist in society.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己家庭的文化价值及自己在文化差异中的经历等内容阐述了自己对文化差异的看法。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。从第一段最后两句“ Both of my parents were struggling with the hard economic realities of the time. But somehow, they found time to cherish those cultural values that shaped our everyday life. (我的父母当时都经济困难。但是他们总会找到时间坚持那些文化价值，塑造我们每一天的生活)”可知，即使在困难时期，作者的父母也非常重视文化价值观。故选D项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“I was facing issues of life and death and suffering the - 21 -‎ ‎ clearly social unfairness and issues of poverty and race.”可知，我面临着生死攸关的问题，遭受着明显的社会不公，贫穷和种族问题。所以作者对文化差异的感受加剧了这些问题。所以划线词“aggravated”意为“恶化，加重”，故选A项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中最后两句“Therefore, I believe diversity is seen as an advantage and not as a disadvantage. As a Puerto Rican, I am a mixture of races and I believe in my strength because of this.(因此，我相信多样性是优势而不是劣势。作为一名波多黎各人，我是不同民族的混合，我也因此相信自己的力量)”可知，Therefore后面的内容是结果，而原因自然是前面提到的作者听音乐会的经历，作者由听音乐会的经历受到启发，认为对社会而言，文化差异是优势而不是劣势，由此可推知，作者认为不同的文化有权利共存。故选D项。‎ B It is with mixed emotions that I went to the young criminal center every few months to give vaccinations (接种疫苗). On the one hand, I feel lucky to be able to provide a service that may have a positive health effect on the residents. But, on the other hand, I feel a sense of sadness and disappointment as I see the prisoners being escorted (押送) by guards to the nursing unit.‎ My last visit was very memorable. For some reason, there was a lightness in the air. More than ever before, I felt a lightness as I spoke with each person. We shared stories and smiles and fears. Even the toughest prisoners seemed to be surrounded by light. As a mother, I saw them as not only youth, being punished for crimes, but also as children who have the potential to change for the better. Most of them wanted to talk longer! They were reaching out to us! It felt right.‎ There was one more prisoner. He was limited to a different unit in a lonely cell. We were asked if we were okay going down there. We said that we were. Two guards escorted us down and when we entered the area, instant tears welled up in my eyes. The area was sad. These guards didn’t smile. We entered the cell and had to make do with what was there.‎ We were done but I didn’t want to leave. I gave the 17 year old a gentle touch and smile as I explained what to do regarding the side effects. At first, there was no response, so I just looked down at his bare feet and then to my supplies. I thought that I had better pack up. Suddenly, he looked up at me and smiled before he said “Thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up. I smiled back and said, “You’re welcome. Take care of yourself.”‎ - 21 -‎ It was wonderful to receive a kind response from someone who was in such a harsh place. As we walked back to the main entrance, we didn’t speak. Where there can be a smile, there is hope. Sometimes smiles can be very powerful.‎ ‎4. What can we know about the young in the young criminal center?‎ A They received regular medical service.‎ B. They were treated unfairly.‎ C. They stayed in bad conditions.‎ D. They were forced to take treatment.‎ ‎5. What was special about the center the last time the author went there?‎ A. She was asked to share stories. B. Every prisoner was kind to her.‎ C. The young people talked freely. D. She sensed a relaxing atmosphere.‎ ‎6. What did the young man think of the author?‎ A. He disliked her for her sympathy.‎ B. He really appreciated her kindness.‎ C. He thought she would change his life.‎ D. He thought she was just an ordinary doctor.‎ ‎7. What impressed the author most in this story?‎ A. The young man’s smile.‎ B. The medical care for prisoners.‎ C. The punishment to the prisoners.‎ D. The difference between the young man and others.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者到青年犯罪中心为这些年轻的罪犯打疫苗的经历。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It is with mixed emotions that I went to the young criminal center every few months to give vaccinations”可知，作者每隔几个月就会去给这些年轻的罪犯接种疫苗，这说明这些年轻人接受了定期的医疗服务，故A项正确。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ - 21 -‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“For some reason, there was a lightness in the air”可知，上次作者去犯罪中心，她感受到了一种轻松的氛围，故D项正确。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中“smiled before he said “Thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up.”可知，他向作者道谢并对作者竖起了大拇指，由此可知，这位年轻人对作者的善意很感激，故B项正确。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Sometimes smiles can be very powerful”可知，作者对这位年轻人的微笑印象最为深刻，故A项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】涉及到观点态度的推理判断题难度较大，文章一般不会直接表明人物的态度，需要我们根据人物的语言、表情或动作来揣摩其态度，例如本篇第3题，根据第四段中的“smiled before he said “Thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up.”可知，他微笑着感谢作者并向作者竖起了大拇指，由此可知，这位年轻人对作者的善意很感激。‎ C Every new parent knows that rocking can calm that uneasy baby when it's time to take a nap. But the benefits of gentle movement may go beyond the baby stage. Because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night's sleep.‎ What should be no surprise is that movement can calm someone. Think of how many times you've fallen asleep on a train. But can motion really cause a nap, and make for a deeper sleep?‎ To find out, researchers invited 18 healthy volunteers for a sleepover. “So they came to the lab and slept one time on the motionless, normal bed. And one night where they got rocked.” said Aurore Perrault, a sleep researcher at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. “And what we find is that when compared to a motionless night, a whole night of rocking sleep has a beneficial effect not only on sleep beginning but also on sleep continuity.” Subjects who were rocked also did better on a memory test the next morning than the stiller sleepers.‎ In the second study, Kompotis, a student at the University of Lausanne, rocked a rack of mice. Whether rocking affects sleep in other species was never before discussed. So the main questions for our study were whether rocking affects sleep in mice and what is the possible system?"‎ Kompotis placed the mouse cages on a platform that moved from side to side. Though mice were rocked four times faster than their human counterparts-a frequency of one back-and-forth per second,‎ - 21 -‎ ‎ or 1 Hertz, worked best-the results were strikingly similar. During rocking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still condition. However, additional studies could allow the researchers to identify a new aim for treating sleep disorders, including insomnia(失眠).‎ Until then, you might think about adding a little swing to your nighttime routine.‎ ‎8. What’s the purpose of the second study in the passage?‎ A. To do research on the sleep system of other species.‎ B. To discuss in which case rocking affects baby’s sleep.‎ C. To see whether rocking affects sleep of other species.‎ D. To study the influence of rocking on sleep disorders .‎ ‎9. What do we know about the mice in Paragraph 5?‎ A. Their sleeping time increased when rocked at 1 Hertz.‎ B. Their sleep disorder including insomnia was treated.‎ C. When rocked, they fell asleep twice faster than at still condition.‎ D. When rocked, they worked faster than their human counterparts.‎ ‎10. How did the researchers carry out the experiment?‎ A. By conducting a survey B. By asking questions C. By filling out questionnaires D. By making comparisons ‎11. What’s the best title of the passage?‎ A. Rocking Helps Grown-ups Sleep Too. B. Deep Sleep Needs the Constant Swing.‎ C. Rocking Greatly Affects Deep Sleep. D. Rocking Can Treat Sleep Disorders.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。研究人员在测试中发现，那些被摇晃过的人也比那些静止不动的人在睡眠方面更好。并且，后来的测试发现，摇晃对动物也有促进睡眠的作用。文章还介绍了这项研究的过程。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中In the second study, Kompotis, a student at the University of Lausanne, rocked a rack of mice. Whether rocking affects sleep in other species was never before - 21 -‎ ‎ discussed.可知在第二项研究中，洛桑大学的学生Kompotis摇晃了一组老鼠。以前从未有人讨论过摇晃是否会影响其他物种的睡眠。由此可推知，第二项研究的目的是观察摇摆是否影响其它物种的睡眠。故选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段中During rocking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still condition.可知在1赫兹的摇晃中，老鼠的睡眠时间增加了，老鼠入睡的速度是静止状态的两倍。由此可知，当震动频率为1赫兹时，老鼠的睡眠时间增加。故选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Though mice were rocked four times faster than their human counterparts-a frequency of one back-and-forth per second, or 1 Hertz, worked best-the results were strikingly similar.可知尽管老鼠摇摆的速度是人类的四倍——频率为每秒1次，或1赫兹，效果最好——但结果惊人地相似。由此可推知，研究人员是通过比较进行实验的。故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中Because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night's sleep.可知因为两项新的研究表明，摇摆也有助于成年人，包括人类和老鼠，获得一个良好的睡眠。结合文章主要内容为研究人员在测试中发现，那些被摇晃过的人也比那些静止不动的人表现得更好。并且，后来的测试发现，摇晃对动物也有促进睡眠的作用。文章还介绍了这项研究的过程。故A选项“摇摆也有助于成年人的睡眠”符合文章标题。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】标题确定题属深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。在此基础上，还应做到概括性、针对性、醒目性的有机结合。‎ 概括性原则：要求标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题要旨。从全局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，以点代面，以偏概全。‎ 针对性原则：针对性原则是对标题外延的一种界定。即标题的外延既不能太大也不能太小，要量体裁衣，大小适度。‎ - 21 -‎ 醒目性原则：标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响文章的可读性。读者往往从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍，故标题往往比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，目的是为了吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。‎ 如第四小题，根据第一段中Because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night's sleep.可知因为两项新的研究表明，摇摆也有助于成年人，包括人类和老鼠，获得一个良好的睡眠。结合文章主要内容为研究人员在测试中发现，那些被摇晃过的人也比那些静止不动的人在睡眠方面更好。并且，后来的测试发现，摇晃对动物也有促进睡眠的作用。文章还介绍了这项研究的过程。故A选项“摇摆也有助于成年人的睡眠”符合文章标题。故选A。‎ D In February, FEDEX launched a robot capable of replacing a pizza delivery driver by bringing food right to your door, which indicates more companies may soon automate (使自动化) not only processes, but full business lines.‎ These types of moves could be disastrous to work. Between 1987 and 2017, manufacturing output grew 80 percent, but the number of workers dropped dramatically. This hit cities hard, leading to shrinking populations and the wide difference between urban places we see now. Numerous studies show that automation isn’t equally affecting the workforce across all sectors. While it has negatively impacted a portion of the economy, it has helped to lift up other sectors, such as computer science and health care.‎ The real question is how you counteract inequality.‎ To start with, we should train people with the skills they need. To minimize job losses and embrace positive changes, we need to focus on the great value humans bring to the table. Jobs requiring soft skills like time management, active listening, cooperation, and judgment and decision-making, and jobs that are in high-touch industries are much less likely to be automated.‎ We must make joint efforts to strengthen and fix the holes in the safety net. While the 2020 presidential candidates are starting a conversation about how to accomplish this, cities are already leading by experimenting with basic income, passing higher minimum wage laws, carrying out paid family leave and driving policy solutions that support workers and families.‎ In the end robots won’t take all the jobs, but they might take yours. What we do about it, though, is up to us.‎ ‎12. What will possibly happen if companies use robots in full business lines?‎ A. There will be a sharp drop in manufacturing output.‎ - 21 -‎ B. There will be a shrink in population across China.‎ C. The negative impacts will outweigh the positive ones.‎ D. The workforce in various fields may be affected differently.‎ ‎13. Which of the following is more likely to be automated?‎ A. Bringing dishes to the table in a restaurant.‎ B. Helping to manage one’s time efficiently.‎ C. Communicating effectively with co-workers.‎ D. Helping make the right judgement and decision.‎ ‎14. How is Paragraph 5 developed?‎ A. By providing data. B. By giving examples.‎ C. By comparison. D. By analyzing.‎ ‎15. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?‎ A. It is up to us whatever we do with the robots.‎ B. It is up to us what jobs the robots will replace.‎ C. We need to adapt ourselves to the changes accordingly.‎ D. We have the confidence that robots will replace no jobs.‎ ‎【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。自动化已经越来越普及，这意味着不久将有更多的公司不仅实现流程自动化，还能实现全业务范围的自动化。这对不同领域的劳动力会产生不同的影响。而面对这一情况，我们应该训练人们所需的技能。要想不被机器所取代，我们只有不断使自己适应相应的变化。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第二段倒数第二句Numerous studies show that automation isn’t equally affecting the workforce across all sectors.可知大量研究表明，自动化并不会对所有行业的劳动力产生同等的影响。即如果公司将机器人应用于所有业务领域，不同领域的劳动力可能受到不同的影响。故选D。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第四段最后一句Jobs requiring soft skills like time management, active listening, cooperation, and judgment and decision-making, and jobs that are in high-touch industries are much - 21 -‎ ‎ less likely to be automated.可知需要时间管理、积极倾听、合作、判断和决策等软技能的工作，以及接触广泛的行业的工作，自动化的可能性要小得多。故可排除B、C、D选项，故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第五段第一句We must make joint efforts to strengthen and fix the holes in the safety net.指出我们必须共同努力，加强和修补安全网上的漏洞。接着下文提到了2020年的总统候选人和城市对解决这一问题所进行的种种努力，可知第五段运用了举例子的方法展开，故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据上文In the end robots won’t take all the jobs, but they might take yours. 最后，机器人不会承担所有的工作，但它们可能会承担你的工作。再结合文章主要内容可知最后一句划线部分句意为：要想不被机器所取代，我们只有不断使自己适应相应的变化。故选C。‎ 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ How to cultivate your sense of happiness?‎ Relieving stress and anxiety might help you feel better — for a bit. Martin E.P. Seligman, a professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania and a pioneer in the field of positive psychology, does not see ridding negative emotions as a path to happiness.“What makes life worth living,” he said, “is much more than the absence of the negative.” ____16____‎ To cultivate the components of well-being, which include engagement, good relationships, accomplishment and purpose, Dr. Seligman suggests the following four exercises based on research at the Penn Positive Psychology Center, which he directs, and at other universities.‎ Identify Signature Strengths Write down a story about a time when you were at your best. ___17___. Reread it every day for a week, and each time ask yourself: “What personal strengths did I display when I was at my best?” Writing down your answers “puts you in touch with what you’re good at,” Dr. Seligman explained. The next step is to consider how to use these strengths to your advantage, intentionally organizing and structuring your life around them.‎ ‎___18___‎ Set aside 10 minutes before you go to bed each night to write down three things that went really well that day. Next to each event answer the question, “Why did this good thing happen?” Instead of focusing on life’s lows, which can increase the likelihood of depression, the exercise - 21 -‎ ‎ “turns your attention to the good things in life, so it changes what you attend to,” Dr. Seligman said.‎ Make a Gratitude Visit Think of someone who has been especially kind to you but you have not properly thanked. ____19____. Then arrange a meeting and read the letter aloud, in person. “It’s common that when people do the gratitude visit both people weep out of joy,” Dr. Seligman said. Why is the experience so powerful? “It puts you in better touch with other people, with your place in the world.”‎ Respond Constructively ‎_____20_____That is, instead of saying something passive like, “Oh, that’s nice” or being dismissive, express genuine excitement. Prolong the discussion by, say, encouraging them to tell others or suggest a celebratory activity.‎ ‎“Love goes better, commitment increases, and from the literature, even sex gets better after that.”‎ A. The next time someone you care about shares good news, give an “active constructive response.”‎ B. Write a letter describing what he or she did and how it affected your life, and how you often remember the effort C. Find the Good D. To Dr. Seligman, the most effective long-term strategy for happiness is to actively cultivate well-being.‎ E. People like you more, relationships go better, life goes better.‎ F. It doesn’t need to be a life-changing event but should have a clear beginning, middle and end.‎ G. Well-being consists not merely of feeling happy but of experiencing a sense of satisfaction.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. B 20. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。心理学教授、积极心理学领域的先驱马丁塞利格曼(Martin E.P. Seligman)并不认为消除负面情绪是一条通向幸福的道路。让生命变得有意义的远远不只是没有负面因素。在塞利格曼看来，要获得幸福，最有效的长远策略是积极培养幸福感。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据前一句“What makes life worth living,” he said, “is much more than the absence of the negative.”可知，“让生命变得有意义的，”他说，“远远不只是没有负面因素。”那么下面就会引出让生命变得有意义的真正有效的方式：To Dr. Seligman, the most effective long-term strategy for - 21 -‎ ‎ happiness is to actively cultivate well-being.在塞利格曼看来，要获得幸福，最有效的长远策略是积极培养幸福感。故选D项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据前一句“Write down a story about a time when you were at your best.”可知，就你状态最好的一段时间写一个故事。F项“不一定是一件改变你人生的事情，但应该有清楚的开始、过渡和结尾”与上文紧密衔接，F项中的It指前面的a story，符合语境。故选F项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 空格处为段落标题。根据该段中的“Why did this good thing happen?”以及整段内容可知，本文主要讲睡觉前想想这一天内发生的好事。C项“寻找正能量”概括本段的主旨，适合做该段的小标题。故选C项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据上文“Think of someone who has been especially kind to you but you have not properly thanked.”可知，回想一个对你特别好，但你还没有恰当地表示过感谢人 ；再根据下文“Then arrange a meeting and read the letter aloud, in person.”可知，然后安排和这个人见面，并当面大声念出这封信。此处then和the letter是线索词，中间填入承上启下的句子，即B项“写信描述他或她做了什么，那件事如何影响了你的生活，以及你如何经常想起这件事”承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 小标题Respond Constructively与A项中的“constructive response”呼应；下文的“passive” 与A项中的“active”呼应，由此可知，A项“下次你在乎的人和你分享好消息时，要做出盖布尔所说的积极的、有建设性的回应”与后文紧密衔接，符合语境。 故选A项。‎ 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Two miles back down the road I smelled the freshly brewed coffee. I could almost ___21___ the hot coffee, as I pulled into the lot. I wondered why it wasn’t packed. It was still ___22___. So, I waited.‎ In the wait, I noticed there were only two cars ___23___, and in front of me was a stalled(失速的) car. I had ___24___ minutes to arrive where I worked. Unexpectedly, a ___25___ hurried out of a car toward me. She was in tears. ___26___ the stranger asked me to drive around her car. My ___27___‎ - 21 -‎ ‎ went wild. So far, I had a perfect attendance ___28___. The baseball parking lot would be filled by the time I would arrive. Even worse, I could ___29___ my boss in the elevator.‎ ‎___30___, I felt impressed to help the lady. I felt a little unsure, ___31___ I asked her if she would like me to pray for her car to start. She quickly ___32___. Soon afterward, she began to weep with joy and then speak with a new confidence. She bravely ___33___ and asked the on-lookers to help push the car out of the drive-through line.‎ Before ___34___, I pushed a check into her purse, to help with the much-needed car repairs. Later that day she called to ___35___ me for everything. She was filled with excitement. Hopefully my desire for coffee will direct me every morning.‎ ‎21. A. cook B. taste C. sell D. deliver ‎22. A. noisy B. windy C. early D. stormy ‎23. A. on exhibition B. on sale C. in fear D. in line ‎24. A. only B. still C. much D. also ‎25. A. tourist B. stranger C. doctor D. dancer ‎26. A. Surprisingly B. Normally C. Gradually D. Apologetically ‎27. A. pulses B. thoughts C. dreams D. requirements ‎28. A. gesture B. reward C. record D. salary ‎29. A. treat B. praise C. threaten D. meet ‎30. A. Basically B. Gratefully C. However D. Suddenly ‎31. A. and B. so C. but D. because ‎32. A. sped B. agreed C. wept D. joined ‎33. A. turned B. bent C. lied D. rose ‎34. A. checking B. leaving C. sighing D. focusing ‎35. A. blame B. punish C. thank D. mistake ‎【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C ‎【解析】‎ - 21 -‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者上班途中遭遇堵车，因为一辆车的缘故差点导致作者迟到，但是在那时，作者主动伸出援手，帮助那位车主摆脱了困境。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把车开进停车场时，我几乎能尝到热咖啡的味道。A. cook烹饪；B. taste品尝；C. sell销售；D. deliver递送。根据后文the hot coffee可知是指尝到热咖啡的味道。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：时间还早。A. noisy喧闹的；B. windy多风的；C. early早的；D. stormy暴风雨的。结合后文So, I waited.作者耐心等待着，说明离上班时间还早。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在等待的过程中，我注意到只有两辆车在排队，而在我前面是一辆抛锚的车。A. on exhibition 展出；B. on sale 出售；C. in fear害怕；D. in line排队。结合上文I noticed there were only two cars可知只有两辆车在排队。故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我只有几分钟的时间到达我工作的地方。A. only仅仅，只；B. still仍然；C. much非常；D. also而且。结合后文minutes to arrive where I worked可知作者只有（only）几分钟的时间到达工作的地方。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，一个陌生人匆匆从车里走出来向我走来。A. tourist旅行者；B. stranger陌生人；C. doctor医生；D. dancer舞者。作者和这位女士并不认识，所以是陌生人。后文the stranger asked me to drive around her car也是提示。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：陌生人抱歉地让我让她的车掉头。A. Surprisingly惊人地；B. Normally正常地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Apologetically道歉地。结合后文stranger asked me to drive around her car可知这位女士对于自己让作者让她的掉头而向作者道歉。故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的思想一片混乱。A. pulses脉冲；B. thoughts思想；C. dreams梦想；D. requirements要求。结合后文作者想到了可能会迟到、在电梯遇到老板等种种情况，可知作者此时思想一片混乱。故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，我有一个完美的出勤记录。A. gesture姿态；B. reward - 21 -‎ 奖赏；C. record记录；D. salary工资。结合上文I had a perfect attendance可知是指出勤记录。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我可能会在电梯里遇见我的老板。A. treat治疗；B. praise赞扬；C. threaten威胁；D. meet遇到。根据后文my boss in the elevator可知作者可能会在电梯里遇见老板。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我对帮助那位女士感到很感动。A. Basically基本上；B. Gratefully逐渐地；C. However然而；D. Suddenly突然。本来作者想到了迟到的种种糟糕后果，结果突然（Suddenly）对帮助那位女士感到很感动。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。句意：我感到有点不确定，但我问她是否想愿意让我把她的车发动起来。A. and并且；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. because因为。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很快就答应了。A. sped加速；B. agreed同意；C. wept哭泣；D. joined加入。根据上文I asked her if she would like me to pray for her car to start可知作者问女士愿不愿意让作者来发动她的车，结合后文she began to weep with joy可知女士同意了作者的建议。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她勇敢地转过身，让旁观的人帮忙把车推出免下车通道。A. turned转过；B. bent弯曲；C. lied撒谎；D. rose上升。根据后文and asked the on-lookers to help可知女士转过身，让旁观的人帮忙把车推出免下车通道。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在离开之前，我把一张支票塞进她的钱包，帮她修理急需的汽车。A. checking检查；B. leaving离开；C. sighing叹息；D. focusing集中。根据上文，这位女士的问题以及解决了，所以作者要离开了，而在离开之前，作者把一张支票塞进她的钱包，帮她修理急需的汽车。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚些时候，她打电话感谢我所做的一切。A. blame责备；B. punish - 21 -‎ 惩罚；C. thank感谢；D. mistake错误。结合上文内容可知作者帮助了这位女士，对方打开电话肯定是为了感谢作者的。故选C。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Scientists found that air pollution may cause a big reduction in intelligence. Research ___36___(conduct) in China showed that air pollution was responsible ___37___ big falls in test scores for languages and arithmetic. The study is called, "The influence of exposure to air pollution on cognitive(认知) performance". It ___38___(publish) in the "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking ___39___ arithmetic tests taken by 20,000 people of all ___40___(age). They said: "Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people become older."‎ The study is a ___41___(warn) to the rest of the world, ___42___(especial) those in cities. Over 91 per cent of the world population live in areas with poisonous air and air pollution is ___43___ fourth highest cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that the longer people were exposed to polluted air, the ___44___(great) their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a year's worth of lost education. For those aged over 60, this could be several years. A researcher warned: "There is no shortcut(捷径) to solve this problem. Governments really need to take measures ____45____(reduce) air pollution."‎ ‎【答案】36. conducted ‎ ‎37. for 38. was published ‎ ‎39. and 40. ages ‎ ‎41. warning ‎ ‎42. especially ‎ ‎43. the 44. greater ‎ ‎45. to reduce ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了空气污染对人的语言能力和计算能力产生不良影响，人们接触受污染的空气的时间越长，他们的智力越低，因此作者呼吁政府需要采取措施减少空气污染。‎ - 21 -‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。句意：在中国进行的研究表明，空气污染是造成语言和算术测试成绩大幅下降的原因。conduct在句子中不是谓语动词，research承受conduct的动作，因此应该使用conduct的过去分词作后置定语。故填conducted。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：在中国进行的研究表明，空气污染是造成语言和算术测试成绩大幅下降的原因。固定短语be responsible for ：引起……， 是……的原因，对……起作用。故填for。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查时态和语态。句意：它在《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表。由上下文可知，本句的事情发生在过去，应该使用一般过去时。it作主语，它承受谓语动词publish的动作，因此使用被动语态，主语为单数意义。故填was published。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查并列连词。句意：研究人员分析了所有年龄段的20,000人进行的口语和算术测试结果。使用并列连词and连接speaking和arithmetic，表示并列意义。故填and。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。句意：研究人员分析了所有年龄段的20,000人进行的口语和算术测试结果。age（年龄）是可数名词，其前有all修饰，在句中要变复数。故填ages。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：该研究是对世界其他地方，尤其是城市中的人们的警告。warn是动词，其前有不定冠词a，因此warn要变为动名词的形式。故填warning。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：该研究是对世界其他地方，尤其是城市中的人们的一个警告。especially表示陈述某一事实之后，列举具有代表性的例子时作进一步强调，其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。即副词especially修饰those（指人）in cities，用于着重指出。故填especially。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：世界人口的91％以上生活在有毒的空气中，空气污染是全球范围内导致人死亡的第四大原因。序数词修饰形容词最高级时，其前要使用定冠词the。故填the。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查固定用法。句意：研究人员发现，人们接触受污染的空气的时间越长，他们的智力越低。‎ - 21 -‎ the+比较级，the+比较级：越……越……，表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。故填greater。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：政府确实需要采取措施减少空气污染。固定短语take measures to do sth： 采取措施做某事。故填to reduce。‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节 (满分15分)‎ ‎46. 你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片Growing Together，内容包括：‎ ‎(1)短片内容：学校的发展；‎ ‎(2)放映时间、地点；‎ ‎(3)欢迎对短片提出意见。‎ 注意：‎ ‎(1)词数100左右；‎ ‎(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎【答案】One possible version:‎ Boys and girls,‎ I have good news for you. The English film Growing Together made by our teachers and some senior students will be displayed this weekend. It shows us the whole history of school’s development, which is I think the attraction to us. If you are curious about the history of our school or concerned about its future, you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity! Besides, all your suggestions and comments about this film will be welcome.‎ It will be displayed in the School Film Hall, from 9:00 am to 10:00 am, June 9th, Saturday.‎ That’s all. Thank you.‎ The Students Union June 8, 2018‎ ‎【解析】‎ 英语书面通知的时态应该以一般将来时为主，多使用被动语态、简单句。在通知中不应当过度的使用较复杂的词语和读起来拗口的句子。‎ 第二个注意点：层次一定要清晰，一个层次要表达一件事情，使人看起来一目了然。‎ - 21 -‎ 第二节 (满分25 分)‎ ‎47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ I lay on my bed, legs leaning against the wall, desperately wishing my mother would call. But I remembered the last time I'd seen her, right before the train for Providence pulled out of the station, “You know how expensive it is to call,” she said, then hugged me tight and said good- bye.‎ This was my first birthday away from home. I missed my mom, missed my sister, and most certainly missed the special pound cake my mother always made for my birthday. Since getting to college that year, I would watch jealously as the other freshmen received care packages from their parents on their birthdays--and even on ordinary days. Big boxes containing summer slacks and blouses, packages of M&M's and Snickers , things they needed and things they didn't. Instead of feeling thrilled about my upcoming eighteenth birthday, I felt empty. I wished my mom would send me something, too, but I knew that she couldn’t afford presents or the postage. She had done her best with my sister and me--raising us by herself. The simple truth was there just was never enough money.‎ But that didn’t stop her from filling us with dreams. “You can be anything you want to be,” she would tell us. “Politicians, dancers, writers -- you just have to work for it; you have to get an education.”‎ Thanks to my mom's sacrifices and big dreams, I’d made it to the Ivy League: Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island.‎ As I was recalling these things, my roommate joined me on the bed. “Hey. After we study, let's buy ice cream and cake.” I nodded, closed my eyes, and imagined the cake Mom would have made. Mmm. I could see the golden yellow of each of the twelve eggs, and I could almost smell the vanilla(香草) filling the house while the cake baked.‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.所续写短文词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ Paragraph 1‎ As I daydreamed, there was a knock on the door.‎ - 21 -‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2‎ How had she managed to afford it? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】读后续写 Paragraph 1:‎ As I daydreamed, there was a knock on the door. My roommate opened it to find a deliveryman asking for me. He handed her a large box, which she carefully placed on the desk near my bed. “Open it”. I did, and inside was a vanilla cake with chocolate frosting. In icing were the words: “Happy Birthday, Sande! Love, Mom.” I was filled with excitement, as if Mom were right there hugging me close. ‎ Paragraph 2:‎ How had she managed to afford it? I felt as if I were back at home with her, safe and secure while she sang and told me how much she loved having me in her life. I ran out to the hall and knocked on my dormmates’ doors. “Birthday cake,” I called. I cut cake for the students gathering in my room and watched their faces as they ate, because I didn't need to eat to feel both full and rich inside.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是读后续写，要求续写两段内容。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求续写两段内容（我收到妈妈送我的生日蛋糕和我的感受以及我和室友们一起分享的情节），注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好时态应为一般过去时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； deliveryman（送货员），carefully（小心翼翼地），excitement（兴奋），secure（安全）， hug（拥抱）及gather（聚集）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ - 21 -‎ 范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有be filled with（充满），run out（跑出去），as if (仿佛、好像)，ask for sb（找某人）以及knock on（敲门），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“He handed her a large box, which she carefully placed on the desk near my bed.”，状语从句“I was filled with excitement, as if Mom were right there hugging me close.”以及“I cut cake for the students gathering in my room and watched their faces as they ate, because I didn't need to eat to feel both full and rich inside.”，非谓语动词“My roommate opened it to find a deliveryman asking for me.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。‎ - 21 -‎