【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空原创试题10篇训练之五（含有解析）学案（10页wprd版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空原创试题10篇训练之五（含有解析）学案（10页wprd版）

‎2018届二轮复习 短文语法填空原创试题10篇训练之五 ‎【一】‎ Dr. Barone has helped many kids smile who were born with defects (缺陷), including me. She did my first two operations when I was a baby, which were the most important and __1__ (effect)．‎ I don’t remember the first two operations very well, but I do recall __2__ third. Dr. Barone was kind and eased me into the process. She let me choose my sleep medicine, __3__ (make) sure that I was okay. I recently saw a picture of me before my operation, and I know __4__ a big job she did.‎ Dr. Barone __5__ (operate) on people with all types of birth defects. She also goes to other countries where people cannot afford this treatment and helps them __6__ free.‎ Many people benefit from her new ways __7__ (invent) to fix birth defects of the head and face. She has won many awards. A few of the most recent __8__ (be) Best Doctors in America 2013－2014, America’s Top Plastic Surgery, and many others.‎ Dr. Barone was my doctor when I was a kid, and even though I was __9__ (probable) just another patient to her, to me she was __10__ (much) than just my doctor. She was and is my hero, and she gave me back my smile.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Barone医生治病救人的故事。‎ ‎1．effective　根据and前的important可知，空处应用形容词effective。‎ ‎2．the　序数词前一般用定冠词修饰，表示第几的概念。‎ ‎3．making　make和句子谓语动词let之间没有连词，且和句子主语“She”构成主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎4．what　what引起的感叹句的结构为：what＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数，故填what。‎ ‎5．operates　根据语境可知，此处表示经常做的事情，故用一般现在时，且由句子主语Dr. Barone可知，应填operates，与下文的goes和helps呼应。‎ ‎6．for　for free“免费”，为固定搭配，故用介词for。‎ ‎7．invented　‎ invent和句子谓语动词benefit之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。且空处和其逻辑主语ways构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎8．are　根据A few可知，此处谓语动词应用复数，且此处表示客观情况，故用一般现在时的复数形式，即are。‎ ‎9．probably　此处应用副词probably在句子中作状语。‎ ‎10．more　由than可知，此处应用比较级形式，即more。‎ ‎【二】‎ Many teachers believe that handson experience is the __1__ (good) way to learn. A group of students in the United States are putting that belief to the test. They __2__ (success) designed and built a robot for discovering unexplored mines __3__ the bottom of the sea. Students made the robot __4__ (answer) a challenge from the U．S. Department of Defense.‎ The students recently tested the underwater vehicle __5__ (call) Perseus Ⅱ in a 95meterlong tank of water at the Stevens Institute of Technology.‎ The robot costs about $15,000 to build. The students use a video game control to direct __6__ (it) movements in the tank. What’s more, devices known as Japters __7__ (able) the robot to go up, down and toward its target in the water. Video cameras on the robot send images back to a computer through a 13meterlong cable. Perseus Ⅱ also has __8__ set of lasers (激光), which are used to measure the size of an object.‎ The robot is the creation of five undergraduate students. For over six months, they worked up __9__ 20 hours a week to design and build Perseus Ⅱ.‎ DeLorme supervised the project from __10__ (begin) to end. He says the specialized requirements of robots were demanding.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过事实证明：亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法。‎ ‎1．best　此处表示“亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法”，故用best。‎ ‎2．successfully　修饰动词designed和built作状语，故用副词successfully。‎ ‎3．at　at the bottom of“在……的底部”，故用at。‎ ‎4．to answer　在这里to answer是动词不定式作目的状语，表示“制造这个机器人是为了回应美国国防部的一项挑战”。‎ ‎5．called　此处应用过去分词作后置定语，表示“被叫作”，故填called。‎ ‎6．its　由后面的movements可知，应用形容词性物主代词作定语。‎ ‎7．enable　分析句子结构可知，主语是devices，设空处作谓语，故应用动词enable，表示“使能够”。且此处是一般性的描述，故应用一般现在时。‎ ‎8．a　a set of“一系列”，故用a。‎ ‎9．to　up to“达到”，故用to。‎ ‎10．beginning　from beginning to end“从头到尾”。‎ ‎【三】‎ According to a recent survey, violence did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also __1__ (express) their great concern about it. Experts hope __2__ whole society pays more attention to the mental health of adolescents.‎ Nowadays, school violence is a hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon, which __3__ (call) for our great concern. We should make every effort __4__ (prevent) school violence happening at school, for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal __5__ (safe) could not be guaranteed. In fact, violence can be learned. __6__ (actual), children learn violence behavior from adults or from __7__ they see on television or on the Internet.‎ If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will result in __8__ (much) fighting. I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.‎ All in all, we students should behave __9__ (we) and keep away __10__ violence.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。校园暴力这一现象引起了老师和家长的关注。本文介绍了校园暴力形成的原因以及阻止校园暴力的方法。‎ ‎1．expressed　根据该句中的“showed”可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填expressed。‎ ‎2．the　the whole society“全社会”，为固定用法，故填the。‎ ‎3．calls　分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，which指代“a phenomenon”，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数；由“I think this is”可知，应用一般现在时，故填calls。‎ ‎4．to prevent　我们应当尽一切努力来阻止校园暴力的发生。make every effort to do sth.为固定搭配，故此处应用动词不定式作宾补。‎ ‎5．safety　根据空前的“their personal”可知，空处应填名词safety。‎ ‎6．Actually　分析该句结构可知，空处修饰全句，作状语，故用副词Actually。‎ ‎7．what　分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作“see”的宾语，故用what。‎ ‎8．more　句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我不会以暴制暴，因为这会导致更多的打斗。根据句意可知，空处应使用比较级。‎ ‎9．ourselves　behave oneself为固定搭配，意为“举止规矩有礼，检点”；根据主语“we”可知，空处应用反身代词ourselves。‎ ‎10．from　keep away from为固定搭配，意为“远离”。‎ ‎【四】‎ Think fast: How close do you live to your local grocery store? Most of us don’t know. As long as it’s close to home, it’s not a problem. But when you don’t have a local grocery store, or you have one but it’s too far away to get to __1__ transportation, figuring out how you’ll buy your groceries __2__ (become) a big problem.‎ For the past decade, Americans have driven __3__ average of 6 miles between home and their closest grocery store. For rural Americans, __4__ (especial) those in the South, the trip can be much __5__ (long) — for example, in the food landscape of the Lower Mississippi Delta, you’ll likely find one supermarket __6__ (serve) a 190.5squaremile area. There, residents could expect __7__ (drive) 30 miles or more from home to store. This phenomenon __8__ (call) a food desert.‎ The term dates back at least a decade __9__ it was used to describe how urban supermarkets in the United Kingdom were receding (退去) into the suburbs. But since the imbalance of food __10__ (choose) isn’t limited to one region of the world, the expression is now used to describe the occurrence around the globe, including areas of North America, Latin America, Asia and Australia.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了食物沙漠的概念。‎ ‎1．without　根据语境可知，此处指没有交通工具便很难到达杂货店，故填without。‎ ‎2．becomes/will become　本文的基本时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；又因动词的ing形式作主语，谓语动词使用单数。此外，这里也可理解为将来的一种情况，用一般将来时。‎ ‎3．an　过去十年里，美国人平均开6英里的车程以往返于家和最近的杂货店。an average of“平均”。‎ ‎4．especially　此处指特别是住在南方的美国乡下人，especially“特别，尤其”。‎ ‎5．longer　根据上下文语境及空前的“much”可知，此处指美国乡下人，特别是住在南方的美国乡下人去购物的旅途更远，故使用比较级。‎ ‎6．serving　分析句子结构可知，find为谓语动词，one supermarket与serve之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处应用动词的ing形式作后置定语。‎ ‎7．to drive　动词expect后接不定式作宾语。expect to do sth.“期待做某事”。‎ ‎8．is called　本文的基本时态为一般现在时；又因This phenomenon与call之间是被动关系，故使用被动语态。‎ ‎9．when　a decade为先行词，表示时间，后面是定语从句，句中缺少时间状语，故填when。‎ ‎10．choice(s)　空前有名词作定语，空处作介词of的宾语，故空处应用名词形式。choice“选择”既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词，故填choice(s)。‎ ‎【五】‎ Eileen Taylor had something sweet on her mind in the drivethrough line at Heav’nly Donuts. Just the day before, a stranger ahead of her in line had __1__ (generous) paid for her coffee. “The good deed made such __2__ big difference in my day，” says Eileen. She had recently lost her job as a physician’s __3__ (assist), and money was tight. But Eileen __4__ (inspire) to pay the $12 bill of the family in the car behind hers. __5__ she didn’t know was that her kindness would set off a chain reaction. In two and a half hours, fiftyfive drivers paid for the order of the person behind __6__ (they). The doughnut shop’s employees __7__ (see) this before. This Heav’nly Donuts, in fact, is known as a special place, the customers of __8__ are considered as “the best in the world”. But, even so, the workers were __9__ (amaze) that the shop had more than doubled its previous record by the ‎ end of the day.‎ Now __10__ (work) as a chemist, Eileen visits Heav’nly Donuts every Saturday morning, picking up a coffee and paying for the order of the customer behind her.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Eileen在经济困窘之际，陌生顾客帮她付单的行为产生了连锁反应，很多人纷纷效仿这一行为。‎ ‎1．generously　空处修饰动词，应用副词形式。‎ ‎2．a　make a difference“起作用，有影响”，是固定短语。‎ ‎3．assistant　此处指“作为一个医生的助手”，故用名词assistant。‎ ‎4．was inspired　本处叙述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；Eileen与inspire是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态；结合主语Eileen可知，填was inspired。‎ ‎5．What　句意：她不知道的是她的善行引起了连锁反应。主语从句中know缺少宾语，故用what引导主语从句。‎ ‎6．them　空处作介词behind的宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式them。‎ ‎7．had seen　根据语境并结合时间状语before可知，此处指的是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。‎ ‎8．which　先行词place在后面的非限制性定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。‎ ‎9．amazed　主语为workers，指人，应用amazed。‎ ‎10．working　分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词作状语，因为work与句子主语Eileen之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。‎ ‎【六】‎ Along a long path we came to a deep valley. As I climbed down into the valley, a bird flew off the rock. On looking at the spot __1__ the bird had risen, I saw two eggs. They were the kind that I did not have in my __2__ (collect), so I placed them carefully in my bag.‎ As we went further down the valley, the sides became even __3__ (steep). The water that rushed down all these small __4__ (valley) in the rainy season had worn the rock as glass. As it was too deep __5__ (climb) down, I handed my gun to one of the men and slid ‎ down it. My feet had hardly touched the sandy bottom when the two men jumped down, one on each side of __6__ (I). They quickly gave me the gun __7__ asked me if I had heard the tiger. In fact, I had heard nothing; possibly because of the noise I made while __8__ (slide) down the rock. The men said they __9__ (hear) a tiger growling (虎啸) somewhere nearby, but they __10__ not know from which direction the noise had come.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的探险故事。‎ ‎1．where　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“spot”，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。‎ ‎2．collection　根据空格前的“my”可知，此处应填所给词的名词形式。故填collection。‎ ‎3．steeper　根据空格前的“even”可知，此处应用比较级。故填steeper。‎ ‎4．valleys　根据空格前的“these”可知，此处应填可数名词的复数形式。故填valleys。‎ ‎5．to climb　too ...to ...为固定短语，意为“太……以至于不能……”，故填to climb。‎ ‎6．me　根据空格前的介词“of”可知，此处应填所给代词的宾格形式。故填me。‎ ‎7．and　空格前的“gave”和空格后的“asked”为并列关系，故用and连接。‎ ‎8．sliding　根据空格前“the noise I made”可知，此处指“我”正在滑下岩石时发出的响声。分析句子结构可知，空格处为省略句，省略主语I及系动词was。故填sliding。‎ ‎9．had heard　hear的动作发生在“said”之前，应用过去完成时。故填had heard。‎ ‎10．did　通篇文章都是以过去时为主，所以此处用did not表示否定。故填did。‎ ‎【七】‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Nobody wants to be aged, but __41__ it comes to visiting cities most of us want to visit the world’s oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most __42__ (attraction) cities in the world that I’d like to recommend to you.‎ Luoyang stands out __43__ the oldest continually inhabited city in Asia. The city is considered to be __44__ birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China. There __45__ (be) no other city in China that has seen so ‎ many __46__ (dynasty) like Luoyang.‎ With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot __47__ (offer). The Longmen Grottoes, which __48__ (include) on the World Heritage List in 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples __49__ (constant) attract tourists from all over the world. Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple __50__ (establish) in China. Are you anxious to visit the city?‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了古都洛阳。洛阳拥有悠久的、激动人心的历史和诸多名胜古迹。对游客来说，洛阳是一个值得一游的城市。‎ ‎41．when　when it comes to ...为固定结构，意为“当提到……时”。‎ ‎42．attractive　空处在句中作定语修饰cities，故用形容词attractive“吸引人的”。‎ ‎43．as　as在句中意为“作为”。stand out as“作为……而出类拔萃”。‎ ‎44．the　此处用定冠词，特指中国文化和历史的发源地。‎ ‎45．is　文中客观地介绍了洛阳的相关事实，用一般现在时。空格处所在句为There be句型，句中主语为no other city in China，所以be动词用第三人称单数。‎ ‎46．dynasties　根据空前的“so many”可知此处用dynasty的复数形式。‎ ‎47．to offer　have意为“有”时，后面一般用带to的不定式作定语。‎ ‎48．were included　句中的时间状语“in 2000”表明空格处用一般过去时，且which(指代The Longmen Grottoes)与include之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。‎ ‎49．constantly　空处修饰谓语动词，故用副词。‎ ‎50．established　establish与所修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的被动关系，且表示一个完成的动作，所以用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎【八】‎ Last Wednesday, about 7,400 American bankers went back to school again. This time they did not go to learn — they went to teach. __41__ 1997, the American Bankers Association has sponsored Teach Children to Save Day.Every April 26, bankers across the USA teach over 1.5 million primary and secondary school students how to handle__42__‎ ‎ money.‎ In the USA, children, especially teenagers, are often big spenders. In 2013, for example, American teenagers spent $175 billion.This is__43__ average of $104 per week per teenager. Few teenagers have any savings.They typically spend money as fast as they can. Nearly all will continue their __44__ (spend) habits when they grow up.‎ It’s necessary that children learn proper money management__45__they are still young.The bankers show students how to budget and make smart__46__ (decide) about money.They explain how to balance their expenses against their income. They help the students understand their family’s shopping and household expenses as well.Of course, students__47__ (teach) how to invest and save money too.‎ As Benjamin Franklin said, “A penny saved is a penny earned.” Moreover, money__48__(save) at interest can increase greatly in value over time.Children, __49__ adults, need to understand the value of saving money.This is __50__ Teach Children to Save Day is all about.‎ 语篇解读：在美国有7 400名银行家重返校园，给十几岁的孩子们讲解如何处理自己的钱。‎ ‎41．Since　根据后面句子谓语动词的时态(现在完成时)，可推知本空答案为Since。‎ ‎42．their　此处指代前面的students 且设空处后为名词，故用they的形容词性物主代词their。‎ ‎43．an　an average of为固定短语，意为“平均……”。‎ ‎44．spending　spending habits “消费习惯”。‎ ‎45．when/while　根据语境可知设空处引导时间状语从句，故填从属连词when或while。‎ ‎46．decisions　make a decision “做决定”。smart前没有不定冠词a，由此判断此处应用decision的复数形式。‎ ‎47．are taught　根据上下文可知设空处用一般现在时；students与teach之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，即are taught。‎ ‎48．saved　被修饰词money与save为逻辑上的被动关系且表示完成，故用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎49．like　句意：像成年人一样，孩子们需要懂得存钱的价值。like 介词，意为“像……一样”。‎ ‎50．what　“__50__ Teach Children to Save Day is all about”为表语从句，该从句中缺少宾语(介词 about的宾语)，且表示“事物”，故用what引导。‎ ‎【九】‎ We think that life in Chinese high school is an adventure in which we have to survive mountains of homework and exams. Yet would it be __1__ (surprise) if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful and demanding as it is in China?‎ In US high school, everything __2__ (record) and graded, including your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations. Failing __3__ (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. Perhaps contrary to __4__ we used to think of the US high school students, they pay great attention to their __5__ (academy) performance to try to get into distinguished university. __6__ they’ll be disappointed after graduation from high school.‎ Like university students, US high school students have the __7__ (free) to choose the courses that most interest __8__ (they). Even a 9thgrader can sit __9__ the same classroom as 12thgraders. But this also means he or she has to work very hard, because the teacher will not treat him or her differently just because he or she is a few years __10__ (young)．‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国学生的高中生活。‎ ‎1．surprising　此处是ing型形容词，用来修饰事物，意为“令人吃惊的”。‎ ‎2．is recorded　everything和谓语record之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示客观情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态，即is recorded，与graded呼应。‎ ‎3．to turn　fail to do sth.意为“不能做某事”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎4．what　空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示物的概念，故填what。‎ ‎5．academic　修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词academic修饰名词performance，作定语。‎ ‎6．Otherwise　根据语境可知，此处表示否则他们高中毕业后就会感到失望，故用副词otherwise，意为“否则”，作状语。‎ ‎7．freedom　由定冠词the可知，此处应用名词，即freedom。‎ ‎8．them　此处应用宾格形式，作动词interest的宾语，故用them。‎ ‎9．in　in the classroom意为“在教室里”，故用介词in。‎ ‎10．younger　根据上文可知，9年级和12年级的学生比较，自然是年轻一些，故用形容词的比较级形式，即younger。‎ ‎【十】‎ Styrofoam is a plastic with a bad reputation.‎ It cannot be recycled without releasing (释放) dangerous __1__ (pollute) into the air. The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency __2__ (say) it is the fifth largest creator of dangerous waste.‎ Scientists from the U．S. and China have discovered that mealworms can digest plastic. One mealworm can digest a pillsized amount of plastic a day. Study coauthor WeiMin Wu says that in 24 hours, the plastic __3__ (turn) into carbon dioxide.‎ Are the worms hurt by __4__ (eat) plastic? The study found that worms eating Styrofoam were as __5__ (health) as worms eating bran (糠)．‎ Styrofoam is a lightweight material, about 95 percent air, with very good insulation properties (绝缘性), according to Earthsource.org. It is used in products from __6__ (cup) that keep your drinks hot or cold to packaging material __7__ protects items during shipping.‎ ‎“Solving __8__ problem of plastic pollution is important. Landfill space is becoming limited.” says Wu, a Stanford University environmental engineering instructor. ‎ About 33million tons of plastic are thrown away in the United States every year. Plastic plates, cups and containers take __9__ 25 percent to 30 percent of space in America’s landfills. One Styrofoam cup takes more than 1 million years __10__ (recycle) in a landfill, according to Cleveland State University.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中美科学家发现大黄粉虫的幼虫能消化塑料垃圾。‎ ‎1．pollution　空处作release的宾语且前面有形容词作定语，故用名词形式。‎ ‎2．says　文章时态以一般现在时为主，且主语为单数名词，故填says。‎ ‎3．is turned　主语the plastic为不可数名词，与turn之间构成动宾关系，且该句为一般现在时，故填is turned。‎ ‎4．eating　介词by后接动名词作宾语，故填eating。‎ ‎5．healthy　系动词后用形容词作表语，故填healthy。‎ ‎6．cups　分析句子结构可知，空后that引导的定语从句中的谓语动词为keep，故应用复数名词cups。‎ ‎7．that/which　分析句子结构可知，这里是一个定语从句，从句缺少主语且指代物，故填that或which。‎ ‎8．the　因problem后有of plastic pollution作后置定语，表示特指，故填the。‎ ‎9．up　根据语境可知，此处表示“占据(take up)”，故填up。‎ ‎10．to recycle　根据“sth./sb. takes some time to do sth.”结构可知，此处应填to recycle。‎