英语人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit5　NelsonMandela—amodernhero单元学案设计

英语人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit5　NelsonMandela—amodernhero单元学案设计

‎2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit 5　Nelson Mandela — a modern hero单元学案设计 单元话题词汇、话题回顾 ‎1．The number of cars is increasing fast in our city.‎ 在我们的城市，汽车数量正快速增长。‎ ‎2．Our environment is getting increasingly worse.‎ 我们的环境正急剧恶化。‎ ‎3．Driving cars really makes our life easier.‎ 开车真的使我们的生活更加容易。‎ ‎4．It has a bad effect on our environment by giving off waste gas.　‎ 它排放的废气有害于环境。‎ ‎5．At times, the air gets badly polluted.‎ 有时，空气受到严重污染。‎ ‎6．People have to put on masks.‎ 人们不得不戴上面具。‎ ‎7．People choose to ride bicycles instead of driving cars.‎ 人们用骑自行车来代替开车。‎ ‎8．Our life will become better.‎ 我们的生活会变得更加美好。‎ ‎1.使用“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构连接1、2句 With_the_number_of_cars_increasing_fast_in_our_city,_our_environment_is_getting_increasingly_worse.‎ ‎2．连接3、4句，使其成为含although引导的让步状语从句的复合句 Although_driving_cars_really_makes_our_life_easier,_it_has_a_bad_effect_on_our_environment_by_giving_off_waste_gas.‎ ‎3．用so ...that ...句式连接5、6句 At_times,_the_air_gets_so_badly_polluted_that_people_have_to_put_on_masks.‎ ‎4．连接7、8句，使其成为含if引导的让步状语从句的复合句 If_people_choose_to_ride_bicycles_instead_of_driving_cars,_our_life_will_become_better.‎ 选用“nowadays, at times, in addition”过渡词语衔接成文。‎ Nowadays,_with the number of cars increasing fast in our city, our environment is getting increasingly worse.One of the reasons is that there are more cars than ever before.Although driving cars really makes our life easier, it has a bad effect on our environment by giving off waste gas.At_times,_the air gets so badly polluted that people have to put on masks.In_addition,_traffic jams are caused mainly because of too many cars on the roads.If people choose to ride bicycles instead of driving cars, our life will become better.‎ ‎(Ⅰ)单词拼写 ‎1．Students should be encouraged to take a(n) active (积极的) part in discussions in class.‎ ‎2．Tsinghua University, founded (建立) in 1911, is one of the best universities in China.‎ ‎3．Our company is more concerned with quality (质量) than quantity.‎ ‎4．The store caught fire. Fortunately, all the people there escaped (逃跑) from it.‎ ‎5．The old lady stood by the road, begging (乞讨) the passersby for money.‎ ‎6．The man was sentenced (判刑) to 10 years in prison for robbing the bank.‎ ‎7．It is unfair that he gets very little reward (报酬) for his hard work.‎ ‎8．We reached the stage (阶段) where we’d given up any hope of curing her cat.‎ ‎(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Your bad behavior shows that you are a selfish (self) guy.‎ ‎2．Under our teacher’s careful guidance (guide), we finished our homework in advance.‎ ‎3．People who are well educated (educate) will be respected by everyone.‎ ‎4．Maggie thought it was unfair (fair) that women were not allowed to receive education.‎ ‎5．If you are willing (will) to help me with the cleaning, I will accompany you to the cinema.‎ ‎(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1．The old teacher devoted all his life to educating his devoted students and he was admired for his devotion to his education cause.(devote; educate)‎ ‎2．All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)‎ ‎(Ⅰ)写出下列短语 ‎1．out_of_work　　　　　　　 失业 ‎2．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上 ‎3．blow_up 使充气；爆炸 ‎4．in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑 ‎ 等的处境中 ‎5．turn_to 求助于；致力于 ‎6．lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心 ‎7．come_to_power 当权；上台 ‎8．set_up 设立；建立 ‎9．be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑)‎ ‎10．be_willing_to_do 愿意干某事 ‎(Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．Don’t lose_heart! Try again and you will get what you want.‎ ‎2．Elias was arrested by the police because he blew_up the government buildings.‎ ‎3．Putin came_to_power in 2012 and became President of Russia a second time.‎ ‎4．It was so dark in the street that he didn’t know whom to turn_to.‎ ‎5．He tried his best to help someone in_trouble with great pleasure.‎ ‎6．It’s reported that the man was_sentenced_to death for killing three people.‎ ‎7．Jim has been out_of_work since the company closed down.‎ ‎8．Many university students dream of setting_up their own companies after ‎ graduating.‎ ‎1．However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.‎ 可是，那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。‎ ‎[解读]　This is/was a time when ...“这是一个……的时期”。‎ ‎[仿写]　曾经有一段时间我与老板相处得不好。‎ There was once_a_time_when I didn’t get along well with the boss.‎ ‎2．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.‎ 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。‎ ‎[解读]　where引导定语从句修饰stage。‎ ‎[仿写]　媒体常常有助于解决问题，将注意力吸引到需要帮助的状况。‎ The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where_help_is_needed.‎ ‎3．...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.‎ ‎……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ ‎[解读]　only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。‎ ‎[仿写]　只有用这种方式我们才能生活在更舒服更美丽的环境中。(2012·福建高考书面表达)‎ Only_in_this_way_can_we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.‎ ‎4．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.‎ 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。‎ ‎[解读]　the first time引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎[仿写]　我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。‎ I was very nervous the_first_time I gave a speech in the meeting hall.‎ 一、常考词汇细点拨 ‎1．devote vt.献身；专心于 ‎[高考佳句]　He has devoted his whole life to world peace.(2011·陕西高考单词拼写)‎ 他把一生都致力于世界和平。‎ ‎(1)devote oneself to sth./doing sth.‎ 献身于……；致力于……‎ devote one’s life/time/money/energy to sth./doing sth.‎ 把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于……‎ ‎(2)devoted adj. 　　　 忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to sth./doing sth.‎ ‎ 专心于；奉献于……‎ ‎(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 ‎①He has devoted most of his time and energy to finding a cure for the disease.‎ 他把大部分时间和精力都花在寻找这种疾病的治疗方法上了。‎ ‎②Devoted_to_the_study_of_science,_she had little time to take care of her children.‎ 她献身于科学研究，几乎没有时间照看自己的孩子。‎ ‎③From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and devotion.(2012·湖南Writing Section B)‎ 从我在餐馆的第一份工作中，我学会了合作与奉献。‎ ‎[联想归纳]‎ 根据提示写出下面带介词to的动词短语 ‎①pay_attention_to　　　　　　 注意 ‎②get_used/accustomed_to 习惯于 ‎③stick_to 坚持 ‎④get_down_to 开始着手(做某事)‎ ‎⑤object_to 反对 ‎⑥adapt_(oneself)_to 适应 ‎2．equal adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物 ‎[高考佳句]　So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier.(2013·天津高考阅读D)‎ 因此我们追逐它并把它等同于财富和成功，而没有注意到那些拥有这些东西的人未必就更幸福。‎ ‎(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.‎ ‎　　　 　　　　 等于/胜任做某事 of equal importance 同等重要的 ‎(2)A equals B in ... A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌 ‎(3)without equal 无与伦比 ‎(4)equality n. 平等 equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地 ‎①Any man will be equal to the task, so long as he is careful. You should give it a try.‎ 只要细心，任何一个人都胜任这份工作，你应该尝试一下。‎ ‎②None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.‎ 不管是容貌还是在舞艺上我们都比不上她。‎ ‎③This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.‎ 这个职位同样适合于学校毕业生或某个拥有办公室工作经验的人。‎ ‎3．escape v．& n．逃脱；逃生；泄露；被遗忘 ‎[高考佳句]　His heart beat wildly, and without thinking he started to run and luckily escaped the cat’s paws (爪子)．(2013·湖北高考完形填空)‎ 他(老鼠)的心怦怦乱跳，赶紧逃窜，幸运地躲过了那只猫的抓捕。‎ ‎(1)escape (doing) sth.　　 逃避(做)某事 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避 escape one’s attention/notice ‎ 逃过某人的注意 ‎(2)sth.escape(s) sb. 某物被某人遗忘；未被注意 ‎(3)fire escape 太平梯；安全梯；安全出口 a narrow escape 九死一生 ‎①Whoever breaks the law won’t escape being punished/punishment!‎ 无论是谁违犯法律都将避免不了惩罚。‎ ‎②If he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.‎ 如果他认为坐在后面就能避开别人的注意，那他就错了。‎ ‎③Last year I had a_narrow_escape,_ and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.‎ 去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。‎ ‎[熟词生义]‎ 选择句中escape的含义 ‎④For some reason which escapes me, we quarreled with each other.‎ A．逃避　　B．漏出　　C．被遗忘 答案：C ‎4．reward n．& vt.报酬；奖赏；酬劳；奖金 ‎[教材原句]　They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.‎ 他们说来自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是对我一生为黑人的平等权利而奋斗的回报。‎ ‎(1)as a reward for　　　 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏 give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.‎ ‎ 为某事而给某人报酬 in reward for 为酬谢……；作为奖励 ‎(2)reward sb. with sth. for sth.‎ ‎ 为某事而用……酬谢某人 ‎(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的 ‎①As a reward for passing the exams, she got a new bike from her parents.‎ 因为她通过了考试，父母给她买了一辆新自行车作为奖励。‎ ‎②I’d like to do something in_reward_for her kindness.‎ 我想做点什么报答她的好意。‎ ‎③She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.‎ 她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。‎ ‎④When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.(2012·安徽高考单项填空) ‎ 当被问到他对他的教书工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得它非常有趣和值得做。‎ ‎[辨析比较]　reward, award 试一试　选择上述单词填空 ‎⑤Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2012, which made the Chinese people very proud.‎ ‎⑥We will offer a reward of ten thousand dollars for information about the case.‎ ‎⑦They rewarded the boy with ￡5 for bringing back the lost dog.‎ 辨一辨 名词 动词 reward 报酬、奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬 多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏，常用搭配：reward sb. for (doing) sth.‎ award 奖品；奖金，与prize用法相似 意为“授予；颁发”，常用搭配：award sb. sth.＝award sth. to sb.‎ 二、间考词汇自识记 ‎1．quality n．质量；品质；性质 of high/low quality　　　　 高/低质量的 in quality 在质量上 quantity n. 数量 Many black leaders have many good qualities and have made great contributions to mankind.‎ 许多黑人领袖有良好的品质，对人类作出了很大的贡献。‎ ‎2．vote vt.& vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决 vote for/against　　　　　　 投票赞成/反对 vote on 投票表决 vote to do sth. 表决做某事 With the speeches finished, we voted to choose the monitor.‎ 演讲结束后，我们投票选班长。‎ ‎3．attack vt.& n． 进攻；攻击；抨击；(疾病等的)侵害 heart attack 心脏病 So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.‎ 袭击如此突然使敌人没有时间逃跑。‎ ‎———————————————————————————————‎ ‎…………………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)‎ 请根据提示写出表达“人物特点”的形容词 ‎1．generous 慷慨的　 　　　 2.energetic有活力的 ‎3．intelligent聪明的 4.ambitious有雄心壮志的 ‎5．confident有信心的 6.creative富有创造力的 ‎7．devoted有献身精神的 8.enthusiastic充满热情的 ‎9．warmhearted热心肠的 10.active积极的；活跃的 ‎———————————————————————————————‎ ‎[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·武汉部分学校联考)Yesterday, I came across my former classmate, but his name ________ me, which made me embarrassed.‎ A．forgot B．missed C．escaped D．reminded 解析：选C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天我偶然碰到了以前的同学，但是我记不起来他的名字了，这让我非常尴尬。escape表示“被忘掉”，符合句意。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北黄冈五月调考)Gone are the days when women were looked down upon, and the idea of ________ of opportunity for men and women has come here to stay.‎ A．equality B．quality C．quantity D．reality 解析：选A　句意：妇女们被歧视的日子一去不复返了，而男女机会均等的观念已生根发芽了。equality“平等”。quality“质量”；quantity“数量”；reality“现实”。‎ ‎3．Fitness is important in sport, but of at least ________ importance are skills.‎ A．fair B．reasonable C．equal D．proper 解析：选C　句意：健康的体格在运动中是重要的，而掌握技巧至少也是同等重要。fair“公平的；公正的”；reasonable“合理的”；equal“相等的；相同的”；proper“适当的；恰当的”。故选C。‎ ‎4．(2014·湖北华师一附中检测)The governor was ________ by the press for failing to keep a campaign promise.‎ A．destroyed B．beaten C．fought D．attacked 解析：选D　句意：统治者因未遵守竞选时的诺言而被新闻界攻击。attack“攻击；抨击”，符合题意。destroy“破坏；毁灭”；beat“敲打；跳动；打败”；fight“打仗；搏斗”。‎ Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！)‎ ‎1．reward, award多棱镜 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was_rewarded_with a magnificent view.(reward)‎ 到达泰山顶部的每个人都能看到壮丽的景观。‎ ‎②Do you know the name of the boy (who_is)_being_awarded_the_gold_medal ‎？(award)‎ 你知道那位正在被授予金牌的男孩的名字吗？‎ ‎(2)(2014·咸宁四校联考)Yi Jianlian is ________ the MVP in the 2013 CBA AllStar Game in Guangzhou, Feb.24,2013.‎ A．rewarded B．appointed C．awarded D．approved 解析：选C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：2013年2月24日易建联在广州的CBA全明星赛上被授予“最有价值球员”。award“授予”，符合句意。‎ ‎2．devote面面观 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①Trading leather handbags is the business to_which_the_Greens_have_been_devoted over the past decade.(devote)‎ 卖皮手提包是格伦夫妇在过去十年里一直从事的生意。‎ ‎②Devoted_to_his_research_work,_the professor cared little about any other things.(devote)‎ 教授致力于研究工作，对其他任何事情都关心甚少。‎ ‎③A hobby is what you never get tired of — the_more_time_you_devote_to_it,_the more fun you will have.(devote)‎ 爱好是不会让你感到厌倦的——你投入的时间越多，获得的乐趣就越多。‎ ‎(2)(2014·合肥第三次教学质量检测)My best friend, Amy, is always supportive, so her friendship undoubtedly ________ a great deal to me.‎ A．devotes B．contributes C．means D．submits 解析：选C　考查动词辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Amy总是很支持我，因此毫无疑问她的友谊对我来说很重要。mean可表示“某人/某物有多重要”，sth./sb.mean sth. to sb.意为“某物/某人对某人来说很重要”，符合语境。devote“致力于”；contribute“贡献；出力”；submit“提交”。‎ ‎1．in trouble有麻烦；处于困难中 ‎[教材原句]　Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble.‎ 伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见纳尔逊·曼德拉。‎ get into trouble　　　　 陷入困境；惹麻烦 get sb. into/out of trouble ‎ 使某人陷入/摆脱困境 have trouble in doing sth./with sth.‎ ‎ 做某事有困难 ask/look for trouble 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃 take the trouble to do sth. 不怕费事或困难尽力做某事 ‎①Please turn to the police for help when you get into trouble.‎ 当你遇到困难时请向警察求助。‎ ‎②Please don’t hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have_trouble_with your study.‎ 不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。‎ ‎③You can’t imagine the trouble/difficulty I had persuading him to change his mind.‎ 你无法想象我说服他改变主意有多么困难。‎ ‎④Thanks for the_trouble you have taken_to_help us.‎ 谢谢你不辞劳苦地帮助我们。‎ ‎2．turn to求助于；翻到(书的某页)；开始从事(学习工作)；查阅；转向 ‎[教材原句]　Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal?‎ 为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？‎ ‎[一词多义]‎ 写出下列句中turn to的含义 ‎①Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left. 转向 ‎②While in trouble, you can turn to her for help. 求助于 ‎③If you turn to page 40, you will find it. 翻到 ‎④After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism. 开始从事 turn down　　　　　　　 关小；拒绝 turn ...into ... 把……变成……‎ turn up 出现，露面；调大 turn out 证明是，结果是；外出 turn over 打翻；翻身；移交 ‎⑤He turned_down my suggestion and turned_over the business to his daughter.‎ 他拒绝了我的建议，把生意移交给了他的女儿。‎ ‎⑥It turned out he was the General Manager of the company. (2013·山东高考阅读A)‎ 结果他是这家公司的总经理。‎ ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2012·湖北高考)I’m so glad you’ve come here to ________ this matter in person.‎ A．lead to　　　　　　　　　 B．see to C．turn to D．refer to 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：很高兴你能来亲自负责这起事件。see to“负责”，符合句意。lead to“导致”；turn to“向……求助”；refer to“参考”。‎ ‎3．set up设立；建立 ‎[经典例句]　They want to set up their own importexport business.(朗文P2093)‎ 他们想要成立自己的进出口公司。‎ set aside　　　　　　 把……放在一边；省出；留出 set down 写下；记下 set off 出发；动身；使爆炸 set out 出发；动身；开始；着手 开始做某事；着手做某事 ‎①The Voice of China has set up a stage where some people can achieve their dreams. (2014·济南市高三一模)‎ ‎《中国好声音》搭建了一个舞台，在这里一些人可以实现梦想。‎ ‎②I should set_down what happened regularly day by day.‎ 我应按部就班地一天天接着写下去。‎ ‎③He set about helping homeless women and children to places of safety.‎ 他着手帮助把无家可归的妇女和儿童送到安全的地区。‎ ‎[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.句型转换 ‎1．Bob had a word with the saleswoman to see if she was ready to reduce the price.‎ ‎→Bob had a word with the saleswoman to see if she was willing to reduce the price.‎ ‎2．Adam hasn’t found a job since the factory closed 3 years ago.‎ ‎→Adam has been out of work since the factory closed 3 years ago.‎ ‎3．I knew we were in a difficult situation when the elevator stopped.‎ ‎→I knew we were in trouble when the elevator stopped.‎ Ⅱ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·湖北八校高三联考)That Chinese author Mo Yan has been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature has ________ a wave of Chinese people’s appetite for serious literature around the world.‎ A．set up B．set aside C．set off D．set down 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国作家莫言获得了2012年诺贝尔文学奖，这引发了中国人民对全世界严肃文学的渴求。set off“引发；激起”，符合句意。‎ ‎2．(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)We ________ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.‎ A．set about B．set up C．set out D．set down 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们开始着手刷整座房子，但是那天只刷完了前面的部分。set out to do sth.表示“着手做某事”，符合句意。 ‎ ‎3．(2014·江苏省苏中三市调研)I haven’t got a job at the moment, but I’m sure that something will ________.‎ A．turn in B．turn over C．turn up D．turn down 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我现在还没有工作，但我确信会有机会找到的。turn up表示“(机会或情况)突然出现；不期而至”，符合句意。turn in “上交；交还”； turn over “翻转；移交”； turn down “关小；拒绝”。‎ ‎4．(2014·十堰高三联考)It’s really hard to decide which cellphone to buy, for it won’t be long before you find the model is ________.‎ A．out of reach B．out of work C．out of control D．out of date 解析：选D　考查短语辨析。句意：真的很难决定购买哪一款手机，因为不久你就会发现这种机型过时了。out of reach“够不着”；out of work“失业”；out of control“失控”；out of date“过时的；过期的”。分析题干可知，之所以难以决定是因为担心手机很快会过时，由此可知，out of date符合语境。故答案选D。‎ ‎1．...only_then_did_we decide to answer violence with violence.‎ ‎……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。‎ ‎①Only by shouting was he able to make people on the other side of the river hear him.‎ 他只有靠大声喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。‎ ‎②Only after Mary read her composition the second time did_she_notice the spelling mistake.(2012·天津高考单项填空)‎ 只有在玛丽把作文读了第二遍之后，她才注意到拼写错误。‎ ‎③Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.(2013·江苏高考书面表达)‎ 只有我们言行一致才能对所做的事情有所贡献。‎ ‎[名师指津]　only 放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。‎ ‎④Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.(2012·浙江高考任务型阅读)‎ 只有那些接受这个现实的人才能过上真正丰富的生活。‎ ‎2．I felt bad the_first_time I talked to a group.‎ 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。‎ 句中的the first time用作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。‎ ‎①The first time I interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous.‎ 我第一次去采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。‎ 引导时间状语从句的还有：‎ ‎(2)each/every time　　　 每次……的时候 next time 下次……时 any time 任何时候 last time 上次……时 by the time 到……为止 ‎②Be careful! The machine starts the moment you press the button.(2011·湖北高考完成句子)‎ 小心点！你一按电钮机器就运转。‎ ‎③He paid back the money he owed us immediately he returned home.‎ 他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。‎ ‎④Give your father my regards next_time you see him.‎ 下次你见到你父亲时，请代我问候他。‎ ‎[辨析比较]　the first time, for the first time 试一试　选择上述词语填空 ‎⑤He became interested in the young teacher’s lesson the_first_time he attended his class. He was so excited in class for_the_first_time.‎ 他第一次上这位年轻老师的课时就很感兴趣。他第一次上课这么兴奋。‎ 辨一辨　‎ the first time 用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”‎ for the first time 是介词短语，只能用作状语，意为“第一次”‎ ‎[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.句型转换 ‎1．It was only when I left my parents for Italy that I realized how much I loved them.‎ ‎→Only when I left my parents for Italy did I realize how much I loved them.‎ ‎2．As soon as we arrived at the work site, we informed our boss of our arrival.‎ ‎→Immediately/Directly/Instantly we arrived at the work site, we informed our boss of our arrival.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．Every_time_I_see_the_old_man in the park, he is absorbed in reading papers.(time)‎ 每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。‎ ‎2．We were deeply moved the_first_time_we_saw_the_picture in which a small boy was trying to save the old man.(see)‎ 我们第一次看到这幅一个小男孩试图救一位老人的图画时就被深深地感动了。‎ ‎3．I'll never forget meeting_the_headmaster_for_the_first_time.(meet)‎ 我将永远不会忘记第一次见校长的情形。‎ ‎4．(2014·湖北八校联考)The air pollution in China is so serious that only when all departments take effective measures can/will_we_reduce_damage hopefully.(reduce)‎ 中国的污染如此严重，只有所有部门都采取有效措施我们才能减少危害。‎ ‎5．It is only after I left high school that_I_realized how much time I had wasted.(realize)‎ 只有在我离开高中后我才明白我浪费了多少时间。‎ 定语从句(Ⅱ)‎ 完成句子 ‎1．I'll be away on business for four days, during which_time_Mr_Smith_will_be_in_charge_‎ of the whole project.(charge)‎ 我要出差4天，在那期间史密斯先生将负责整个项目。‎ ‎2．Many athletes are clear that the Olympic Games are the only time when_they_will_be_‎ watched by thousands of millions.(watch)‎ 许多运动员很清楚，奥运会是唯一的他们被无数人观看的机会。‎ ‎3．There are moments in life when_you_miss_them_so_much that you just want to pick them up from dream and hug them for real.(miss)‎ 生活中有很多时候，你非常想念他们以至于你就是想在梦里遇见他们并真实地拥抱他们。‎ ‎4．When someone gets old they often go to live in a home with other old people where_they_are_well_looked_after_by_nurses/nurses_look_after_them_well.(look)‎ 当人变老后，他们常去和其他老人住在一座房子里，在里面有护士照顾他们。‎ ‎5．I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, from_where_we_enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.(enjoy)‎ 我和我的朋友走到了山顶，在那里我们欣赏了美丽的湖景。‎ 单元综合知识运用 Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．Within the next 10 years, the US, China, Israel and a host of private companies plan to ________ camp on the moon.‎ A．turn up　　　　　　　　 B．set up C．take up D．make up 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。turn up“开大；调高”；set up“建立；创办”；take up“占据(时间、空间等)；从事；开始喜欢”；make up“组成；构成；编造”。根据语境可知选B。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北八市调考)The British boy Oscar Wrigley, aged 2, has an IQ of more than 160, ________ to that of Albert Einstein and Steven Hawking.‎ A．proper B．fair C．sensitive D．equal 解析：选D　考查形容词词义辨析。proper“正确的；合适的”；fair“公平的”；sensitive“敏感的”；equal“相等的；等同的”。‎ ‎3．If you can help do some housework during the whole summer vacation, you will have an iPod mini as a(n) ________.‎ A．reward B．award C．honor D．credit 解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。reward“奖赏；回报”；award“荣誉；奖品”；honor“荣誉”；credit“信任；赞扬；信贷”。‎ ‎4．(2014·孝感统考)You can take the rest of the pie with you.________， I wish you would, since I’m on a diet.‎ A．On the other hand B．As a matter of fact C．As a consequence D．On the contrary 解析：‎ 选B　考查短语辨析。句意：你可以带走剩下的馅饼。事实上，因为我在节食，所以我希望你带走它。on the other hand“另一方面”；as a matter of fact“事实上”；as a consequence“结果”；on the contrary“正相反”。根据句意可知B项正确。‎ ‎5．From their ________ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.‎ A．stage B．position C．condition D．situation 解析：选B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：从电视塔顶他们所在的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市。stage“阶段；舞台”；position“位置；地位；姿势”；condition“条件；环境；情形”；situation“形势；环境”。根据句意选B。‎ ‎6．The tanker, which was full of petrol, ________ and gave off heavy and dark flames the moment a truck knocked into it.‎ A．blew up B．put up C．picked up D．brought up 解析：选A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：当一辆卡车撞向这个装满油的油罐车时，这辆油罐车爆炸了，冒出了滚滚浓烟和火焰。blow up“炸毁；爆炸”，符合句意。‎ ‎7．I am heavily ________ at the moment, but I hope to be out of it when I get paid.‎ A．in debt B．in trouble C．of difficulty D．in danger 解析：选A　考查介词短语辨析。句意：我现在陷入严重的债务危机中，但是我希望发了工资后会摆脱债务困扰。由后半句的“out of it when I get paid”可知，A项正确。in debt“欠债”；in trouble“陷入困境”；in danger“处于危险中”。‎ ‎8．The new government made a promise that they would surely improve the ‎ ________ of people’s life.‎ A．outline B．quality C．insurance D．attitude 解析：选B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：新政府做出承诺他们将一定提高人们的生活质量。quality “质量；品质”，符合句意。outline “要点；大纲；轮廓”； insurance “保险”； attitude “态度；看法”。‎ ‎9．(2014·武汉汉铁高级中学月考)In this small town, there are many people who are ________ now because the only factory here was shut down last year.‎ A．at work B．out of work C．on business D．in power 解析：选B　考查介词短语辨析。句意：在这个小镇，由于这里唯一的一家工厂去年倒闭了，现在有很多人失业了。out of work“失业”，符合句意。at work “在工作”； on business “出差”； in power “执政”。‎ ‎10．(2014·武汉高三5月模拟)Abundant in experience, Christine teaches the students how to improve their listening comprehension within a(n) ________ short time.‎ A．relatively B．increasingly C．virtually D．slightly 解析：选A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：Christine具有丰富的经验，她教学生们如何在相对较短的时间内提高他们的听力理解能力。A项意为“相对地；相当地”；B项意为“越来越多地；渐增地”；C项意为“事实上；几乎；质上”；D项意为“轻微地；稍微”。分析语境并结合选项可知，此处指的是相对较短的时间，因此relatively与题意相符。故答案选A。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·荆州质检)I will never forget the time when_we_stayed in the ‎ country.(stay)‎ 我永远忘不了我们住在农村的那段日子。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北七市州联考)Hearing the news that_her_son_had_been_sentenced twenty years in prison, the old woman felt desperate.(sentence)‎ 听到她儿子被判二十年监禁，老太太陷入了绝望。‎ ‎3．It was twenty years before_he_finally_came_to_power in the country and the people of his country respected him very much.(come)‎ 二十年后他才开始在他的国家执政，该国人民对他无比尊重。‎ ‎4．With his_work_finished,_he sat at this desk, smoking a cigarette.(finish)‎ 完成工作后，他坐在桌边，燃起了一支香烟。‎ ‎5．The_first_time_I_saw_him,_I thought he was a Chinese.(time)‎ 我第一次见到他时，我认为他是中国人。‎ ‎6．I'll find out the point where_you_failed.(fail)‎ 我会找出你失败的地方的。‎ ‎7．New Zealand is mainly made up of two islands, the_larger_of_which is the South Island.(large)‎ 新西兰主要由两座岛组成，其中较大的一个是南岛。‎ ‎8．Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments did_they_succeed_in_solving/‎ settling the problem.(succeed)‎ 他们做了数百次实验之后才成功地解决这个问题。‎ ‎9．He is said to_be_designing a new computer programmed now, but I don't know when he will finish it.(design)‎ 据说他正在设计一种电脑程序，但我不知道他什么时候可以完成。‎ ‎10．It is high time we_should_attach_importance_to environment problems.(attach)‎ 我们真的应该重视环境问题了。‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 A ‎(2014·孝感统考)When Peng Liyuan stepped off the plane in Moscow, the whole world wanted to know who dressed the elegant first lady.The reporter released the secret — Ma Ke.‎ Peng Liyuan has been wearing Ma Ke’s designs for more than a decade, a fact that was only highlighted recently when she was on her first state visit, accompanying her husband President Xi Jinping.The elegant and attractive Peng, formerly a popular singer, has been compared with the US’ first lady Michelle Obama and France’s Carla BruniSarkozy, since stepping off the airplane in Moscow on March 22.Suddenly, everyone was curious to know more about the first lady’s wardrobe.‎ Even so, Ma prefers a lowkey approach.“If_you_eat_a_tasty_egg_why_would_you_want ‎_to_see_the_hen？” she says of all the media attention.‎ Ma’s relationship with Peng began 10 years ago after a concert in Guangzhou when a reporter told Peng she knew the designer behind the label Exception de Mixmind.Peng asked for an introduction because she was a fan of Ma’s designs and had been wearing them for years.‎ The two naturally became friends.Ma says：“The painting reflects the painter, and clothes reflect both the designer and the wearer.Someone desires fame and wealth, or love and sympathy; what you have in your heart is reflected in the design.Those who don’t share my philosophy won’t buy my clothes.Peng is a caring person, devoted to charity and environmental protection, which is exactly what I’m doing now.”‎ However, regardless of the brand, Peng’s support of Chinese labels has surprised millions of Chinese who favor foreign fashion brands.‎ ‎“Instead she presented a vision of Chinese fashion, desiring to bring Chinese designers to the world stage，” says a western designer.‎ The first lady’s doublebreasted coat and her black leather handbag aren’t available at any of Exception’s shops, though Exception’s physical stores do have seen a rising number of visitors.‎ ‎1．The passage mainly discusses ________.‎ A．the designer of the first lady Peng Liyuan’s dress, Ma Ke B．the friendship between Peng Liyuan and her designer C．Peng Liyuan’s clothes on her first state visit D．the reactions to Peng Liyuan’s first visit to Moscow 解析：选A　主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句“The reporter released the secret — Ma Ke.(记者揭开了主设计师马可的面纱)”点明了本文要介绍的人物。‎ ‎2．In the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 Ma Ke mentioned “an egg and the hen” to show ________.‎ A．it is hard to explain “Which came first, the egg or the hen？”　‎ B．paying such great attention to her was unnecessary C．the outcome was more important than the process D．her dissatisfaction with the media attention on her dress 解析：选B　推理判断题。画线部分意为“如果你吃的鸡蛋很好吃，你会想见那只鸡吗？”，再结合前一句“Ma prefers a lowkey approach”可以看出马可是一个低调的人，不想让媒体对她有过多关注。‎ ‎3．In the passage, Peng Liyuan ________.‎ A．often reflects on what she has in her heart before choosing clothes B．is sympathetic and has a strong environmental consciousness C．always desires the exceptional charm of the brand D．is knowledgeable in philosophy 解析：选B　细节理解题。通过第五段中“Peng is a caring person, devoted to charity and environmental protection”可知，彭丽媛有同情心和强烈的环保意识。‎ ‎4．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?‎ A．Peng wears the dress designed by a Chinese designer probably to support Chinese brands.‎ B．Many citizens found Peng Liyuan’s choice quite unexpected.‎ C．Black leather handbags like Peng’s are widely sold in bag stores in big cities.‎ D．After Peng Liyuan’s visit to Moscow Ma Ke’s clothes became more popular.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由最后一段“The first lady’s doublebreasted coat and her black leather handbag aren’t available at any of Exception’s shops”可知C 项错误，故答案选C。‎ B ‎(2014·湖北华师附中模拟)You don’t need to get in a timetraveling machine to see how technology will reshape our lives, such as the way we shop.Several new technologies that are to change your buying habits already exist.Let’s see what’s in store for your future shopping.‎ Try it on, virtually (虚拟地). Want to shop online for a new pair of eyeglasses？You don’t need to guess which pair looks best on you — use the eBay Fashion iPhone ‎ app (程序) to try a pair of eyewear you’re checking out on a picture of your face.But what if you want to buy something bigger? Thanks to Microsoft Kinect’s motion tracking camera, you can cover clothes on your screen body.You can even choose the background of your virtual fitting room to enrich your shopping experience.‎ Get a perfect, custom fit.Everyone’s body is shaped differently.To get a perfect fit, you sometimes have to get your clothes changed.But by using 3D scanning technology, all the clothes you buy will fit your body perfectly.Some companies scan your body using Hightech to get the most accurate measurements, so they can make special clothes just for you.‎ Hightech shopping carts and checkout counters.Hightech shopping carts could, in time, be a common sight in malls and supermarkets.Microsoft Kinectenabled carts are currently under test.The cart can follow you along the aisles (通道), controlled merely by your movement and your voice.In China, a supermarket chain introduced tabletequipped carts that guide shoppers around the stores’ aisles.‎ In the United States, several supermarkets use a device called Scan It that gives buyers the freedom to scan purchases on their own while they shop.While it’s great not having to line up at a checkout counter, we wouldn’t mind it if the store used Toshiba’s new Object Recognition Scanner.The machine identifies a product as soon as it’s placed in front of a camera just by its shape and color, even if it has no bar code.‎ ‎5．According to Paragraph 2, The eBay Fashion iPhone app can ________.‎ A．make vivid pictures of our face B．help us sell more clothes online C．create us a virtual dressing room D．choose suitable eyeglasses for us 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“You don’t need to guess which ‎ pair looks best on you — use the eBay Fashion iPhone app (程序) to try a pair of eyewear you’re checking out on a picture of your face.”可推知，答案D为你选择一副合适的眼镜，符合文意。‎ ‎6．Which of the following can get the most accurate shape of our body?‎ A．Object Recognition Scanner.‎ B．The eBay Fashion iPhone app.‎ C．3D scanning technology.‎ D．Microsoft Kinectenabled carts.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“But by using 3D scanning technology, all the clothes you buy will fit your body perfectly.”可知，3D扫描技术最精确，答案C符合文意。‎ ‎7．The Object Recognition Scanner can identify a product more quickly by ________.‎ A．the customer’s voice B．its shape and color C．the customer’s movement D．the bar code on it 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的最后一句“The machine identifies a product as soon as it’s placed in front of a camera just by its shape and color, even if it has no bar code.”可知，此处the machine指的是Toshiba’s new Object Recognition Scanner，故答案B符合文意。‎ ‎8．What can we infer from this text?‎ A．Checkout counters will disappear from supermarkets in future.‎ B．Buyers can use Scan It to go around the supermarket by themselves.‎ C．Hightech shopping carts will be widely used in malls and supermarkets.‎ D．The new technologies are only dreams that are impossible to come true.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的第一句“Hightech shopping carts could, in time, be a common sight in malls and supermarkets.”中in time (迟早)可推知，高科技购物未来将广泛地应用到商场和超市中，故答案C符合文意。‎ 单元专题讲练 夹叙夹议文体完形填空 夹叙夹议文完形填空是最近几年高考经常涉及的一类体裁。该类完形填空所选文章常常在平淡的故事中蕴含着丰富的哲理，作者既可以让读者从一个简单的故事中体会到生活的意义，又能引起读者对人生、生活、社会价值的思考及对人际关系等话题的自省反思。该类文章处处折射出智慧的光芒和启迪，耐人寻味，可读性很强。,此类完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：‎ ‎1‎ 事例—观点 先叙述作者自己亲历或所见所闻的一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。‎ ‎2‎ 观点—事例 先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明，一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明。‎ ‎3‎ 观点—事例—观点 提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。‎ ‎[高考示例](2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)‎ I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday”， which was to make us more __36__ the problems faced by disabled people.We were asked to “__37__ a disability” for several hours one Sunday.Some members, __38__， chose to use ‎ wheelchairs.Others wore soundblocking earplugs (耳塞) or blindfolds (眼罩)．‎ Just sitting in the wheelchair was a __39__ experience.I had never considered before how __40__ it would be to use one.As soon as I sat down, my __41__ made the chair begin to roll.Its wheels were not __42__.Then I wondered where to put my __43__.It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into __44__.I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of __45__ for several hours.For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary (临时的) __46__.‎ I tried to find a __47__ position and thought it might be restful, __48__ kind of nice, to be __49__ around for a while.Looking around, I __50__ I would have to handle the thing myself! My hands started to ache as I __51__ the heavy metal wheels.I came to know that controlling the __52__ of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) __53__ task.‎ My wheelchair experiment was soon __54__.It made a deep impression on me.A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the __55__， both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome.‎ ‎————[读懂文章是关键]————‎ ‎[把握大意]　本文介绍了作者参加一个名为“Sensitivity Sunday”的体验残疾人的活动。‎ ‎[理清脉络]　作者和其他人扮成残疾人→选择坐轮椅→不知道怎样放脚及转轮椅→亲身体验到残疾人所面临的挑战→更好地理解了残疾人。‎ ‎[先自主尝试]‎ ‎[再比对样板]‎ ‎36.A.curious about ‎ B.interested in C.aware of D.careful with 着眼点：语篇层次 方法：利用首句和生活常识解题 信息源：首句中的Sensitivity及生活常识。‎ ‎37.A.cure　　　 B．prevent C.adopt D．analyze 着眼点：语篇层次　方法：利用原词复现解题 信息源：第二段adopting a wheelchair。‎ ‎38.A.instead　　B．strangely C.as usual D．like me 着眼点：语篇层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：下文谈到作者坐轮椅的经历。‎ ‎39.A.learning　 B．working C.satisfying D．relaxing 着眼点：句组层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：下文体现了坐轮椅是学习的过程。‎ ‎40.A.convenient B.awkward C.boring D．exciting 着眼点：句组层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：第二段的第3～6句。‎ ‎41.A.height　　B．force C.skill D．weight 着眼点：句内层次　方法：利用生活常识解题 信息源：根据常识，当作者坐下后，应该是其体重使得轮椅动起来。‎ ‎42.A.locked　　B．repaired C.powered D．grasped 着眼点：句组层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：第二段第三句。‎ ‎43.A.hands　　 B．feet C.keys D．handles 着眼点：句组层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：第二段第六句中的footrest。‎ ‎44.A.place　　　B．action C.play D．effect 着眼点：句组层次　方法：利用同义词复现解题 信息源：上句中的where。‎ ‎45.A.operation B.communication C.transportation 着眼点：句组层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：上文sitting in the wheelchair。‎ D.production ‎46.A.exploration B.education C.experiment D.entertainment 着眼点：语篇层次　方法：利用原词复现解题 信息源：下文My wheelchair experiment。‎ ‎47.A.flexible　 B．safe C.starting D．comfortable 着眼点：句内层次　方法：利用同义词复现解题 信息源：本句中的restful。‎ ‎48.A.yet　　　 B．just C.still D．even 着眼点：句内层次　方法：利用逻辑关系解题 信息源：空前后的restful和nice。‎ ‎49.A.shown　　B．pushed C.driven D．guided 着眼点：句组层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：第三段第二句。‎ ‎50.A.realized　 B．suggested C.agreed D．admitted 着眼点：句内层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：由本句可知。‎ ‎51.A.lifted　　　B．turned C.pressed D．seized 着眼点：句内层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：空前的My hands started to ache和空后的the heavy metal wheels。‎ ‎52.A.path　　　 B．position C.direction D．way 着眼点：句组层次　方法：利用生活常识解题 信息源：由生活常识可知，转动轮椅的轮子后，下一步就是把握轮椅的方向。‎ ‎53.A.easy　　　 B．heavy C.major D．extra 着眼点：句组层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：第三段第三句中的ache及the heavy metal wheels。‎ ‎54.A.forgotten　 B．repeated C.conducted D．finished 着眼点：语篇层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：第一段第二句中的for several hours和第四段第二句It made ...on me。‎ ‎55.A.weaknesses B．challenges C.anxieties D．illnesses 着眼点：语篇层次　方法：利用上下文语境解题 信息源：第二段第六句和第三段最后两句。‎ ‎36～40　CCDAB　41～45　DABAC　46～50　CDDBA　51～55　BCADB