高考英语一轮总复习语法四形容词和副词同步练习牛津译林版 27

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高考英语一轮总复习语法四形容词和副词同步练习牛津译林版 27

四、形容词和副词 对应学生用书p164‎ 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen____________(poor) studied.‎ ‎2.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集) aroundhumansettlements, leadingtotheillusion(错觉) thatpopulationsare____________(high) thantheyactuallyare.‎ ‎3.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Wearesoproudofher.It’s____________(wonder).‎ ‎4.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Theyalsosharedwithusmany____________(tradition) storiesaboutHawaiithatwere____________(huge) popularwithtourists.‎ ‎5.(2019·浙江卷)Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings, cardriverscan____________(easy) seethem.‎ ‎6.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal, runnerslivethreeyears____________(long) thannonrunners.‎ ‎7.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Runningischeap, easyandit’salways____________(energy).‎ ‎8.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Atasteformeatis____________(actual) behindthechange: Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens, pigs, andcattle.‎ ‎9.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)AccordingtotheWorldBank, Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal____________(globe)fertilizerconsumption.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.poorly。考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知,此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词hasbeenstudied,意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。‎ ‎2.higher。考查形容词比较级。根据其后thantheyactuallyare可知,此处为形容词的比较级,故填higher。‎ ‎3.wonderful。考查形容词做表语。根据句子结构可知,在系动词is之后用形容词形 6‎ 式做表语,故填wonderful。‎ ‎4.traditional;hugely。第一空:考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories,应用形容词形式,tradition的形容词为traditional,故填traditional。第二空:考查副词。空格处修饰形容词popular,应用副词形式,huge的副词为hugely,故填hugely。‎ ‎5.easily。考查副词。分析句式可知,设空处所给词是修饰动词see,修饰动词要用副词,因此,用easy的副词形式。故填easily。‎ ‎6.longer。句中有than,故用long的比较级longer。‎ ‎7.energetic。and连接两个并列分句,两个分句都表示跑步的特征,and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词,故此处应用形容词energetic做表语,意为“需要能量的,剧烈的”。‎ ‎8.actually。副词actually修饰谓语动词is。‎ ‎9.global。形容词做定语。‎ 6‎ 对应学生用书p165‎ ‎(一)形容词和副词的作用与位置 作用 举例 形容词短语做定语,定语后置;单个形容词做定语,定语前置 achildfiveyearsold,alanguagedifficulttomaster,aleaningtowerabout180feethigh,afiveyearoldchild 表语形容词(afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake,alive等)做定语,定语后置 amanalive,theboyawake 修饰由不定代词one,no,any,some和every与thing构成的复合不定代词anything,something,everything,nothing等时,定语一律后置 Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.‎ Willyoutellusanythingnew?‎ enough,nearby修饰名词前置或后置均可;‎ enough修饰形容词、副词时,必须后置 enoughbooks=booksenough,oldenough,rapidlyenough 副词做定语,定语后置 Thepersonthere/hereiswaitingforyou.‎ else“其他的,别的”常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语;other用于名词前 whatelse...,whoelse...,whereelse...,nothingelse 频度副词如:often,always,usually,never,hardly,seldom等在be动词、助动词、情态动词后,行为动词前 Youareoftenlate.‎ Sheisalwaysworried.‎ IcanhardlyspeakJapanese.‎ 表原意(无ly)的副词:deep,wide,low,high 引申意(有ly)的副词:deeply(深入地),widely(广泛地),highly(高度地),lowly digtheholedeep,flyhigh/low 6‎ ‎(地位卑微地)‎ bemoveddeeply,thinkhighlyof,beusedwidely 有无ly意义大不相同的副词:dead完全,绝对,deadly非常;pretty相当,prettily漂亮地;close近,closely密切地;late晚、迟,lately最近 bedeadasleep&bedeadlytired beprettycertain&beprettilydressed Don'tsitclose.&Watchclosely!‎ arrive/comelate&seesb.lately 注意:有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well,faint,ill只做表语。‎ 例如:Heisasickperson.(定语)(√)‎ Heisanillperson.(定语)(×)‎ Thepersonissick/ill.(表语) (√)‎ Takethismedicineandithasnoilleffectonyourhealth.(做定语意为“bad”)‎ ‎(二)形容词和副词的比较等级 比较级指两者相比较,最高级必须三者或三者以上相比较。比较级和最高级的常用句型,也是高考的焦点之一。现总结如下。‎ 名称 句型 例句 相等 as+原级+as ‎(as+原级+名词+as)‎ It'snotashardasIthought.‎ Hedoesn’thaveasmuchmoneyashisfriend.‎ 不及 notas/so+原级+as ‎(notas/so+原级+n.+as)‎ less+原级+than Sheisnotas/sobeautifulas 6‎ hersister.‎ 比……更 比较级+than Healthismoreimportantthanwealth.‎ 超越 the+比较级+ofthetwo ‎“两者中较……的一个”‎ Heisthetallerofthetwo.‎ 用于否定 no+比较级+than ‎“和……一样不”‎ HedidnobetterthanI.‎ 用于否定 ‎“再……不过”‎ Hisworkcouldn'tbeworse.‎ 程度递增 ‎erander/moreandmore+多音节词原级:“越来越……”‎ higherandhigher;moreandmoreimportant 两种情况同时变化 the+比较级,the+比较级 ‎(“越……,就越……”)‎ Theharderheworks,thehappierhefeels.‎ 三者或三者 以上比较 the+最高级+of/in+比较范围 ‎(“……之中最……”)‎ Ofallthingsintheworld,peoplearethemostprecious.‎ ‎(三)比较级和最高级的修饰词语 ‎1.表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比较级前加表示程度的状语,常见的有:many,afew(用于“more+可数名词”前),50%,onethird,alot,much,abit,even,alittle,still,agreatdeal,far,byfar,rather,twoyears,tenpercent,threetimes,etc.等修饰。‎ 例如:Heworksevenharderthanbefore.‎ ‎2.用于形容词和副词最高级前,如:thevery,much,byfar,thefirst/second等。‎ 例如:Thishatisbyfarthelargestintheworld.‎ Goldistheverymostvaluableofallmaterials.‎ 6‎ ‎3.修饰一些特殊形容词的修饰语有:‎ bewellworth/prepared,quitedifferent/ready,muchthesame,terriblycold/frightening,freezingcold 修饰以a开头的形容词,多有特殊的修饰词:quitealone,wideawake,fast/soundasleep,verymuchafraid。‎ 修饰绝对意义的形容词,一般不用very,而用quite,completely,well,entirely。‎ 例如:quitewrong(mistaken,sure),completelydead,quiteimpossible,quiteperfect/excellent等。‎ 6‎
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