【英语】2020届二轮复习之阅读理解专练4学案

【英语】2020届二轮复习之阅读理解专练4学案

时间孕育了自然，也改变着自然，而同样在时间的见证下，人类探索自然的精神则成为了永恒。高山大海，荒漠冰原，一步天堂，一步地狱，无数探险者们为了领略自然的魅力前赴后继，在生命的刻度上留下了浓重一笔。我们今天来看一篇阅读理解，感受一下珠峰的风采。‎ 阅读短文并回答问题 ‎（记叙文，487 words，摘自The Washington Post）‎ It was the final climb on his quest to reach the highest summit on all seven continents. When Christopher Kulish finally reached Mount Everest’s 29,035-foot peak, he joined an elite group known as the “Seven Summits Club”. But the 62-year-old Colorado attorney died suddenly Monday after returning to the first camp below the mountain’s summit. He’s the second American to die in the past week after reaching Everest’s highest point. His family believes the cause was a heart attack, according to the Denver Post. “He saw his last sunrise from the highest peak on Earth,” his brother, Mark Kulish, said in a statement to the Denver Post. “We are heartbroken at this news.”‎ Last week, 55-year-old Donald Lynn Cash of Utah collapsed and died just after reaching the Everest peak. He too had reached the highest point on all seven continents. Including Christopher and Cash, at least 11 people have died on Mount Everest this year.‎ The deaths come among reports of overcrowding on the popular mountain. The Nepali government granted a total of 381 permits to climb Everest this year, a number that doesn’t include guides who are on the mountain as well. For some climbers, that traffic has meant longer wait times — some told the Himalayan Times the wait has exceeded two hours between the last camp and the peak. Mountaineer Vanessa O’Brien, who has also climbed the seven summits, said when there’s a crowd, being a more experienced climber won’t help you. “It doesn’t matter if you’re the best racecar driver in the world. If you’re stuck in traffic, you’re stuck in traffic,” she said in an interview.‎ And when a climber is stuck in that traffic, “their body is starting to deteriorate.” O’Brien, who set a record as the fastest woman to reach the highest peak on every continent, also said the descent is often harder than the climb.‎ Climbing expert Alan Arnette said there’s no simple explanation for the string of deaths. He said weather that has led to a shorter climbing season is one factor causing overcrowding. He also said the cost to climb Mount Everest has decreased, which means more people are making the journey. He urged the governments in charge of granting permits to limit how many people can be on the mountain at once.‎ Still, Christopher was no beginner. His family said he’d been mountain climbing for five decades. He arrived at the base camp nearly two months before his climb so he could give himself time to adapt to the conditions. When he made his journey, his family said he was climbing with a small group in almost ideal conditions after some of the overcrowding had cleared.‎ His brother described being a lawyer as a “day job” for Christopher. Climbing was his passion. “He was an inveterate climber of peaks in Colorado, the West and the world over,” Mark Kulish said. “He passed away doing what he loved.”‎ ‎1. What do we know about Christopher?‎ A. He has reached the highest point on all seven continents.‎ B. He joined the “Seven Summits Club” at the base camp.‎ C. 11 people following him died after reaching the Everest peak this year.‎ D. He died from a heart attack below the mountain’s summit.‎ ‎2. What made longer wait times on Mount Everest?‎ A. Lacking guides.     ‎ B. Overcrowding.    ‎ C. Bad weather.        ‎ D. Getting government’s permission.‎ ‎3. What might cause the string of deaths according to Alan Arnette?‎ a. The less cost attracting more climbers.‎ b. The more climbers worsening the environment.‎ c. More permits granted by the government.‎ d. The governments limiting the climber’s number.‎ e. The weather leading to a shorter climbing season.‎ A. a, b, d   B. a, c, e    C. b, c, d   D. b, d, e ‎4. Why did Christopher arrive at the base camp so early before climbing?‎ A. To wait for his friends.               ‎ B. To learn about the mountain.‎ C. To clear the traffic jam.               ‎ D. To adapt to conditions earlier.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined word “inveterate” in the last paragraph probably mean?‎ A. Experienced.        ‎ B. Famous.       ‎ C. Excellent.       ‎ D. Addictive.‎ 参考答案 ‎1~5 ABBDD 生词与长难句 ‎1. summit  n. 最高点；顶点；山顶；（政府间的）首脑会议；峰会 This path leads to the summit. 这条路通往山顶。‎ The two presidents agreed to hold a summit. 两位总统商定举行一次首脑会议。‎ ‎2. according to  据……所说；按……所报道；依照，按照，根据 ‎3. grant   v.（尤指正式地或法律上）同意，允许 The bank finally granted a ￡50,000 loan to me. 银行终于同意给我贷款50,000英镑。‎ ‎4. exceed  v. 超过（数量）；超越（法律、命令等）的限制 Its research budget exceeds $100 million a year. 其研究预算每年超过1亿美元。‎ ‎5. mountaineer  n. 登山者；登山运动员 The tough mountaineer succeeded in getting to the top of the mountain. 那位强壮的登山运动员胜利地登上了山顶。‎ ‎6. set a record  打破纪录                 ‎ ‎7. deteriorate   v. 变坏；恶化；退化 The discussion quickly deteriorated into an angry argument. 这场讨论迅速演变成愤怒的争吵。‎ ‎8. descent  n. 下降；斜坡 The descent to Base Camp took about three days. 往下走到大本营大约要三天时间。‎ ‎9. lead to 导致，造成（后果）‎ Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 摄入过多的糖会引起健康问题。‎ ‎10. in charge of  负责；主管 ‎ An experienced worker is in charge of this project.  一位有经验的工人负责这项工作。‎ ‎11. inveterate  adj. 积习难改的；有……瘾的 He is an inveterate liar. 他是个积习难改的骗子。‎ ‎12. congestion  n.（交通）拥塞；塞车 The problems of traffic congestion will not disappear in a hurry. 交通堵塞问题不会很快消失。‎ ‎13. pass away  去世 He unfortunately passed away last year. 他不幸于去年去世了。‎ 14. It was the final climb on his quest to reach the highest summit on all seven continents. When Christopher Kulish finally reached Mount Everest’s 29,035-foot peak, he joined an elite group known as the “Seven Summits Club”.‎ 翻译：这是他为登上七大洲最高峰而进行的最后一次攀登。当克里斯托弗库利什最终到达珠穆朗玛峰29035英尺的山峰时，他加入了一个被称为“七峰俱乐部”的精英组织。‎ 主干：he joined a group ‎ ‎“When Christopher Kulish finally got to Mount Everest’s 29,035-foot peak”做时间状语从句 ‎“known as the “Seven Summits Club”做后置定语，修饰a group。‎ 背景知识 ‎1. Seven Summits Club 七峰俱乐部，由登上世界七大洲（亚洲、欧洲、非洲、北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲和南极洲）最高峰的登山者组成。‎ ‎2. Mount Everest  珠穆朗玛峰（俗称珠峰）是喜马拉雅山脉的主峰，也是世界海拔最高的山峰，位于中国与尼泊尔边境线上。珠穆朗玛峰有两种高度：登山者登上的是总体高度，尼泊尔等国采用的雪盖高（总高）是8848米，2005年中国国家测绘局测量的岩面高（裸高即地质高度）为8844.43米，2010年起承认两种高度的测量数据。‎ 攀登珠峰的花费 总体上来说，攀登珠峰的路线有两种选择，一是从中国的西藏自治区一侧，一是从尼泊尔一侧。具体的路线视天气、登山队规模等情形而定。‎ 就费用方面而言，据统计，在2018年，从尼泊尔一侧登山的平均费用为41500美元，西藏一侧为38500美元。而标准的登山探险活动价格区间为28000美元至85000美元，全方位服务的攀登价格则将超过115000美元，极端的冒险者可以把开销控制在20000美元之下。过去五年间，不管是尼泊尔一侧，还是西藏一侧，登山价格都在不断上涨。‎ 登山的费用包括交通、食宿、装备、向导、登山许可费、保险费、垃圾清理费，以及必要时的救援费等等。‎ 攀登珠峰的注意事项 最佳登山时间：喜马拉雅山地区受夏季风影响，每年在7~8月降水特别充沛，而在冬季（11月~次年3月）风力又特别强劲，所以相对来说只有4~6月（春季），9~10月（秋季）为攀登的最佳季节。‎ 登山前准备：如果你拥有一定的经济基础，而且身体素质不错，没有哮喘、心脏病、高血压等疾病，那么就可以进入下一步了：为攀登珠峰做准备。千万不要以为这会很轻松，因为这个过程一般需要3～4年的时间。‎ 第一步，低海拔户外活动、体能训练、基本技术学习，在身体上主要是耐力、心肺功能、腿部和腰腹部力量、背负能力的训练。一名新手如果能够把所有的周末使用起来，这个阶段可以在一年内完成。‎ 第二步，开始进入高海拔的空气稀薄地带。在攀登珠峰之前，最好有2～3次的高海拔登山经历，登山时携带抗高原反应产品，避免严重的高原反应。根据循序渐进的法则，健康人可以从6000米山峰为起点，然后是7000米、8000米的山峰。这个阶段最快需要1年，一般需要2～3年。‎ 第三步，珠峰攀登的准备阶段。用半年的时间，全身心投入珠峰攀登的准备，特别是体能的训练和储备。‎ 登顶珠峰需要多久：珠峰的攀登周期很长，一般来说从每年4月初开始陆续就到了珠峰季，直到5月底大概结束，所以至少会有1个半月到2个月的时间是在喜马拉雅山上。而正式登顶珠峰，北坡从大本营出发登顶到返回大本营，一般需要4天。具体还要看身体情况，天气情况等综合因素。‎