【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题省略句考点学案（7页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题省略句考点学案（7页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习语法专题 省略句考点学案 ‎——规则点拨 一、英语中一些固定的省略结构 ‎1．在以if, when, though, as if(好像)等连词引导的状语从句中，若从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致且谓语动词是be，常将从句中的主语和动词be省略。‎ Whenever possible, he will come to my help.‎ 他一有可能就来帮助我。‎ While cycling, don't forget the traffic lights.‎ 骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。‎ ‎2．由固定词组引导的疑问句。‎ What about having a game of chess?‎ 下盘棋怎么样？‎ How come they left you alone here?‎ 他们怎么会把你一个人留在这里呢？‎ What if it's raining?‎ 如果天下雨怎么办？‎ Why not try again?‎ 为什么不再试试呢？‎ 二、与不定式相关的省略 ‎1．通常为了避免重复，在联系密切的语境中，作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式常省略，只保留不定式符号to。‎ She went teaching because she wanted to (go teaching)．‎ 她去教书，因为她想去。‎ ‎2．如果不定式符号to后面是be时，要保留be。如果不定式用了完成时，要保留到助动词have。‎ The city now is much noisier than it used to be.‎ 这个城市现在比过去喧闹多了。‎ ‎3．如果不定式作表语，用于解释do的内容，to也常可省略。‎ What I did was (to) lay the table.‎ 我所要做的是摆桌子。‎ ‎ ——对点演练(单句语法填空)‎ ‎1．Even the finest landscape, if seen (see) daily, becomes boring. ‎ ‎2．They think she may try to phone. If so,_someone must stay here.‎ ‎3．When you are in trouble, why not turn to him for help?‎ ‎1．考查倒装句 ‎ ‎(2016·江苏高考改编)Not until recently ________ they encourage the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas.‎ 解析：did　not until放在句首，句子要使用部分倒装，根据语境使用一般过去时，故填助动词did。‎ ‎2．考查强调句型 ‎ ‎(2015·重庆高考改编)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century ________ his musical gift was fully recognized.‎ 解析：that　句意：巴赫死于1750年，但是直到19世纪初期他的音乐天赋才被完全认可。本句将it was和设空处去掉后，剩余的部分仍然是一个完整的句子，句意完整，故判断为强调句式。被强调部分为“the early 19th century”，故填that。‎ ‎3．考查祈使句 ‎ ‎(2014·北京高考改编)________ (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.‎ 解析：Observe　if 引导宾语从句，设空处为主句动词，且表示祈使语气，故应用动词原形构成祈使句，故填Observe。‎ ‎4．考查省略句 ‎ ‎(2013·福建高考改编)Anyone, once ________ (test) positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.‎ 解析：tested　句中once(一旦)为连词，用于引导条件状语从句。分析句子结构可知，从句主语应为Anyone，test与Anyone之间为动宾关系，显然从句的完整形式应为“once anyone is tested positive for H7N9 flu virus”，而anyone is可以省略，故填tested。‎ 考查祈使句 ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！”‎ 解析：Turning→Turn　此处为祈使句，并和上文中的“Speed up”和“Slow down”并列，故Turning改为动词原形Turn。‎ ‎[增分技法] ‎ ‎1．使用完全倒装使句式富于变化。‎ ‎①上午传来了他被北京大学录取的消息。‎ In the morning came the news that he had been admitted to Peking University.‎ ‎②在我们的教学楼的前面矗立着两棵大树，它们使得我们的校园更加美丽。‎ In front of the teaching building stand two huge trees, which add to the beauty of our schoolyard.‎ ‎2．使用部分倒装使句式富于变化。‎ ‎①只有通过每天花费至少两个小时学英语，你才能快速提高它。‎ Only by spending at least two hours learning English every day can you improve it quickly. ‎ ‎②当我把那个老人送到家后，我从来没有感到那么高兴过。‎ Never had I felt so happy when I sent the old man home.‎ ‎3．使用强调句型使句式富于变化。‎ ‎①当我们遇到麻烦时，我们总可以依靠的是我们的父母。‎ It is our parents that we can always depend on when we're in trouble.‎ ‎②直到他的父母回来我才走。‎ It was not until his parents came back that I left. ‎ ‎4．使用省略句使句子言简意赅。‎ ‎①如果是这样，我希望你度过美好的时光。‎ If so, I hope you will have a wonderful time.‎ ‎②在北京时，我参观了颐和园。‎ While in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.‎ ‎[巧用增分] ‎ ‎①你为什么昨天没有来？(why was it that)‎ Why_was_it_that_you_didn't_come_yesterday?‎ ‎②相片上站在第一排中间的是我爷爷，他当时六十多岁。(stand in the middle of the first row, in his sixties)‎ In_the_picture,_standing_in_the_middle_of_the_first_row_is_my_grandpa,_who_was_in_his_sixties_at_that_moment.‎ ‎③你在别的地方找不到这么好的学校。(nowhere else, find)‎ Nowhere_else_can_you_find_such_a_good_school.‎ ‎④我刚一到家，就突然想到我把我的钢笔忘在你家了。(no sooner ...than, it occurred to me that)‎ No_sooner_had_I_got_home_than_it_occurred_to_me_that_I_had_left_my_pen_at_your_home.‎ ‎⑤尽管面临着很多问题，但他们没有失去信心。(although, lose heart)‎ Although_faced_with_many_problems,_they_didn't_lose_heart.‎ ‎[题点对点练] ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2018·湖北荆州中学质检)There is no doubt that human activity, which does great harm to the environment, is the main cause.‎ ‎2．(2018·江西新余一中、宜春一中联考)Are you too old for fairy tales？If you think so,_Copenhagen is sure to change your mind.‎ ‎3．(2018·江西樟树中学等六校联考)In that way, World Read Aloud Day does (do) help make a difference.‎ ‎4．(2018·河北衡水中学二次调研)Neither a single person nor any ‎ traffic was in sight at all.‎ ‎5．(2018·北京西城期末)—I am learning the piano. How can I learn it well?‎ ‎—Mind (mind) the traditional first before trying the modern.‎ ‎6．Tom doesn't have an English dictionary, does he?‎ ‎7．Try as she might, Sure couldn't get the door open.‎ ‎8．It was I that/who saw a film in the Youth Palace last night, not my twin sister.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．10 miles east of our school lies two modern swimming pools.lies→lie ‎2．There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, isn't there？isn't→is ‎3．Standing on the top of the tower and you'll enjoy the scenery of the whole city.Standing→Stand ‎4．Have Mark invited me, I would have been glad to come.Have→Had ‎5．(2015·湖南高考改编)Video games can be a poor influence if leaving in the wrong hands.leaving→left Ⅲ.单句写作 ‎1．他说他将借给我一些钱，第二天他做到了。(lend, so he did)‎ He_said_he_would_lend_me_some_money_and_so_he_did_the_next_day.‎ ‎2．踢好足球不容易，需要多练习。学英语也是这样。(play football well, need a lot of practice, so it is with/it is the same with)‎ Playing_football_well_is_not_easy_and_needs_a_lot_of_practice._So__it_is_with/It_is_the_same_with_learning_English.‎ ‎3．每天我们不得不做如此多的作业，以至于我们几乎连休息的时间都没有。(so much homework, have little time to have a rest)‎ So_much_homework_do_we_have_to_do_every_day_that_we_have_little_time_to_have_a_rest.‎ ‎4．她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表现。(little, care about)‎ Little_does_she_care_about_what_she_looks_like,_all_she_cares_about_is_her_job_performance.‎ ‎5．是你的努力，而不是你的智力决定你的成功。(determine)‎ It_is_your_efforts,_not_your_intelligence_that_determine_your_success.‎ ‎[题型综合练] ‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎ ‎(2018·淮南模拟)Nowadays, more and more post90s generations will enter the workforce. They place more emphasis __1__ looking for a job that they enjoy more than other factors. Many of them hope to establish a __2__ (relax) relationship among workers. More than half of __3__ prefer the easygoing and goodtempered employers. __4__ (surprise) 10 percent of them wish to be friends with their bosses. Experts say that they are the generation of the Internet era. They have a strong __5__ (aware) of “self” and how they relate to the outside world. Guo Yun, 22, is a digital media major from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. She says that she will not mind working long hours, but prefer her boss __6__ (explain) why she has to, such as the urgency of the task.“I feel greatly __7__ (motivate) in this way，” she explains. They tend to care a great deal about the team or the management culture. They are also more outspoken about their needs, and they are likely to openly __8__ (communication) with their employers. As a result, they __9__ (admit) into most big companies more easily. I think it is their frankness and enthusiasm __10__ leaves a deep impression on their employers.‎ ‎1．on　place emphasis on“重视，强调”。‎ ‎2．relaxing　此处修饰名词relationship，故用形容词relaxing。relaxing“令人放松的”。‎ ‎3．them　此处指代“post90s generations”，并在句中作of的宾语，故 用them。‎ ‎4．Surprisingly　修饰整个句子并在句中作状语应用副词形式。‎ ‎5．awareness　不定冠词a后应用名词形式。‎ ‎6．to explain　prefer sb. to do sth.“更喜欢某人做某事”。‎ ‎7．motivated　连系动词后应用形容词作表语。motivated“有积极性的”。‎ ‎8．communicate　be likely to do sth.“很可能做某事”。‎ ‎9．are admitted　此处叙述的是客观事实，they与admit之间为被动关系；又因文章时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎10．that　“It is＋被强调部分＋that ...”为强调句型，此处强调主语。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2018·江西八所重点中学联考)Last night I was at a coffee shop. There was a wonderfully music show. As I got up to get a cup of coffee and a cookie, I notice a middleaged woman near me. Clearly, she had caught in a fire of some kind. His face was badly burned so she looked very tight. I thought how brave she was to come out but appeared in public. When I returned back to my seat, I turned towards the woman and said, “Isn't he a wonderful performers？” And I gave her the largest smile I was able to give. To my pleased, she looked right at me and gave me a huge smile for return. It was her smile which made her whole face light up last night. She was beautiful.‎ 答案：第二句：wonderfully→wonderful 第三句：notice→noticed 第四句：had后加been 第五句：His→Her 第六句：but→and 第七句：去掉back; performers→performer 第九句：pleased→pleasure; for→in 第十句：which→that