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2019届二轮复习完形填空专题如何做到先完意,后完形课件(23张)
如何做到 先 完意,后完 形 2019 届二轮复习完型填空 全国卷 3 年考情一览表 纵观考题,明确考点 年份 卷别 体裁 阅 读 总 量 考查词性 考点层次 选项设置 动词 ( 短语 ) 名词 / 代词 形容 词 / 副 词 介词 ( 短语 ) 连词 句 子 段 落 语 篇 词汇 复现 语境 语义 逻辑 关系 固定 搭配 2018 卷 Ⅰ 记叙文 258 9 7 3/1 — — 14 5 1 3 16 — 1 卷 Ⅱ 记叙文 265 10 3 4/2 1 — 9 7 4 2 16 — 2 卷 Ⅲ 记叙文 261 11 6 3 — — 8 7 5 6 4 — — 年份 卷别 体裁 阅 读 总 量 考查词性 考点层次 选项设置 动词 ( 短语 ) 名词 / 代词 形容 词 / 副 词 介词 ( 短语 ) 连词 句 子 段 落 语 篇 词汇 复现 语境 语义 逻辑 关系 固定 搭配 2017 卷 Ⅰ 记叙文 265 10 5 4/1 — — 10 7 3 3 16 1 — 卷 Ⅱ 记叙文 269 9 8 3 — — 9 9 2 2 17 — 1 卷 Ⅲ 记叙文 261 9 7 4 — — 10 7 3 3 16 — 1 年份 卷别 体裁 阅 读 总 量 考查词性 考点层次 选项设置 动词 ( 短语 ) 名词 / 代词 形容 词 / 副 词 介词 ( 短语 ) 连词 句 子 段 落 语 篇 词汇 复现 语境 语义 逻辑 关系 固定 搭配 2016 卷 Ⅰ 记叙文 226 7 4/1 3/1 1 3 11 6 3 2 13 4 1 卷 Ⅱ 夹叙夹议文 236 6 4 5/3 2 — 10 7 3 2 16 1 1 卷 Ⅲ 记叙文 242 5 6/1 5/2 — 1 8 8 4 3 14 2 1 1. 体裁:多为记叙文或者夹叙夹议,一般首句不设空,并交代相关背景材料, 可挖掘的信息点很多 ,对整篇文章的理解起着至关重要的作用。 2. 题材:内容贴近生活实际,反应社会现实,描述亲情感悟,塑造精神信念,体现教育成长,传播 正能量 。 3. 动词、名词、形容词等实词是考查的主体,突出语篇,考查词汇或短语在语境中的应用。 透析命题方向,查找解题漏洞 考查一:语境中的语意联系 “考查语境,突出语篇” 是完型填空命题原则,语篇是一个有机的整体, 基于文章内容, 作者在文章的选词和用词方面前后都是紧密联系的,而这也正是该题型命题侧重点 。 1. 培养语篇逻辑联系能力,抓住完形故事 线。 例题 1 ( 2018 卷 1 ) I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars?.... In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned.… Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use what he 55 me. 41.A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down 49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible 55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised 例题 2 ( 2018 卷 2 ) Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben , had got in touch… Getting a little 46 , I realized one kayak ( 皮划艇 ) was in 47 …. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I 54 t hat stranger was my son! 46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser 47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle 54. A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew 翻译:两周后,我和儿子取得联系。走近一点,我意识到一艘皮划艇有麻烦。他的回应让我意识到我帮助的人是我的儿子。 2. 对作者态度语气敏感,抓住作者情感线。 例题 1 ( 2018 卷 1 ) And, even if I weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. 43.A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired 44.A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor 翻译:即使免费学分不足以让我激动,但对于指导者的消息对我有足够的吸引力。 解析:形容词是完形考查的重点,并清晰表述了作者的激动和向往之情。 例题 2 ( 2018 卷 2 ) So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me…I was 43 ! … 55 , after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. 42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry 43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed 55. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly 翻译:想想我收到他想见我的邮件是高兴吧。我非常激动。很幸运,在短暂的住院后, Ben 被允许出院,后来我们家人在一起聚餐。 解析:完形通过对形容词和副词的考查,作者要见儿子的喜悦,激动,及在偶然情况下救了儿子的庆幸感恩之情跃然纸上。 考查二:句子段落间的逻辑关系 行文逻辑是使文章条理清晰、形成一个有机保障。常见的逻辑关系包括文章的结构顺序;句子段落间的递进、对比、过渡、并列、转折、因果、条件、推理等方面的关系。 例题 1 ( 2017 卷 1 ) I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. 58.A.Lastly B. Thus C.Instead D. However 59.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected 解析: instead 意为:(与前者)相反。给出的答案均为副词,且形式都可以与句号连用。 考查三:熟词生义和固定搭配 特别关注熟词生义 例题 1 ( 2018 卷 1 ) I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars? 41.A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down 42.A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay 解析:常见意义为“跳”,在此句中 jump at 意为“ seize… eagerly ” . 体现了作者想学象棋的迫切心情。 例题( 2018 卷 2 ) ....The bay was __ 45 __ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. 45 . A . bathed B . clean C . deep D . formed 习惯搭配 解析: 此处意为 “ 海湾沐浴在阳光中 ” , be bathed in 表示 “ 沐浴在 …… 中 ” ,故选 A 项。 考查四:生活常识和文化背景 例题 1 ( 2017 卷 1 ) My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 language were enough in all my interactions( 交往 ). Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL. 44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken 45 . A. love B. concern C. goal D. request 【 详解 】周围人都是听力正常的人,那么口头( spoken )交流就足够了。如果没有去探索一样东西,自然也就发现不了自己喜好。 例题 2 ( 2018 卷 3 )“ what a ___58___ this young man was to our family! 58 A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem 解析:西方人常说:“ God bless you !”. Bless 是上帝对人的赐福。在本句中 blessing 意为神的保佑,祝福。 完形填空解题步骤: ( 1 )细读首句,预测主题; ( 2 )跳过空格,通读全文,把握大意 ( 3 )结合选项,综合考虑,初定答案 ( 4 )细读全文,推敲难题 ( 5 )复读全文,调整答案。 文章首句要重视,全篇理解有启示“先完意,后完形” 摸索解题步骤,探究应答策略 微技能一:利用首句信息,推测主旨要义 例题 1 ( 2017 卷 1 ) While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 ( experience ) at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language( 美式手语 ). 41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal 【 详解 】首句介绍了在大学有可以进行探索的舞台,就有两点意味: 1. 全文与探索有关联; 2. 我上大学就经历过这个探索( searching/exploration )的过程。 微技能二:紧扣全文主线 What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 ( past ) .This newness just left me 51 more. After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. 51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. Wanting 52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain 【 详解 】 既然全文与探索有关,那么在经历过第一次探索美式手语的奥妙之后,作者想要知道得更多,从而进行更深入地探索。 微技能三:明晰价值取向 — 传播正能量 The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . 【 详解 】高考阅读要寓教于文,为考生树立正确的价值取向,故作者虽然学习美式手语进步缓慢,但是并不畏难,所以接下来的一个学期还报名参加了美式手语课。教授是聋人,出于对残疾人的尊重,和他交流的时候就不能(禁止)使用口头交流方式。 56. A. m issed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for 57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens. 58. A. Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However 59. A. required B. caused C. allowed D. expected 60. A. easy B. popular C. quick D. new 【 详解 】58. 上文说道 the silence was not unpleasant 双重否定表肯定;沉默不是不好的。下文用到虚拟语气如果有交谈(不沉默),我们学到的东西更少。前后表达的是沉默与否所带来的结果是相反的。所以选择 instead( 相反地 ). 59. 本句为虚拟语气。 cause sb to do sth 导致某人做某事,给某人造成 ... 60. 由全文可知,这是一种全新的交流方式。(与上文的 newness 对应,属于同根词复现) 微技能四:利用语法知识 微技能五:无词填空 先通读文章,试图拼好主要信息块,建立情境后再来填空。 例题( 2018 卷 3 ) When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, 41 number!” and move on. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something 43 . 41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong 42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed 43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical practice查看更多