2019版一轮复习译林版选修八Unit2Theuniversallanguage单元学案设计（13页）

2019版一轮复习译林版选修八Unit2Theuniversallanguage单元学案设计（13页）

‎2019版一轮复习译林版选修八Unit2The universal language单元学案设计 ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．The article condemned (谴责) those officials who did one thing and said another.‎ ‎2．The little girl dared (胆敢) not breathe a word of it to anybody.‎ ‎3．This piece of string (线；细绳) is too short to pack up the luggage, and let me join another piece on to it.‎ ‎4．They sought (寻找) out a shady spot where they might sit down and rest. ‎ ‎5．It is reported that the trend (趋势) of the housing price is still upwards.‎ ‎6．If children were made to feel inferior to other children, their confidence would decline (减弱)．‎ ‎7．The opportunities (机会) available will depend on your previous work experience and qualifications.‎ ‎8．I hope you can submit your term papers before the deadline (最后期限)．‎ ‎9．When scolded (责备) by his father, the boy always keeps silent.‎ ‎10．The economy is in the upswing, which makes hightech services in more demand (需求) too.‎ ‎11．He has cast (选派角色) her as an ambitious lawyer in ‎ his latest movie.‎ ‎12．Measures for preventing and controlling industrial pollution have gradually (gradual) been perfected.‎ ‎13．Nothing in the world is more_valuable (valuable) than knowledge.‎ ‎14．He is generally acknowledged to have the finest collection (collect) of Dutch paintings in private hands.‎ ‎15．Substances have no tendency (tend) to expand unless heated.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He has fallen in love with Mary for eight years up till now. fallen→been ‎2．The policeman seized the thief by hand tightly.by后加the ‎3．The girl does not dare see her teacher, dare she？第二个dare→does ‎4．The man was found guilty of armed robbery, and condemned of eight years' imprisonment.第二个of→to ‎5．On first sight the house appeared to be empty, but actually it wasn't. On→At ‎6．As a speaker he was always in the demand.去掉the ‎7．The police were investigating the case and declined give more details. declined后加to ‎8．This won't be long before you become used to living here.This→It Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．我完全同意你的观点，不过明天可能有雨。‎ I can_not_agree_with_your_idea_more,_but there might be a rain tomorrow.‎ ‎2．年轻人发觉解决那个问题很难。‎ The youth found_it_hard_to work the problem out.‎ ‎3．不论你在哪里，都必须礼貌待人。‎ Wherever_you_are,_you must be polite to others.‎ ‎4．约翰还没来得及阻止她，她就跑出去了。‎ Before_John_stopped_her,_she ran out.‎ ‎5．上周和女朋友分手以后，Jack昨天又被老板解雇了。‎ Having_broken_up with his girlfriend last week, Jack was fired by his boss yesterday.‎ ‎[话题语篇高考练]‎ Ⅳ.阅读理解 A In 1957, Max Vernon Mathews wrote the first computer program called Music, which enabled a computer to create sound and play it back. He was then working as an engineer at Bell Laboratories in New Jersey. It enabled a large IBM computer to play a seventeensecond piece of music he had written.‎ The computer was so slow that it took an hour to play the seventeensecond piece of music. So Mathews moved the work to a tape player to play the music at a normal speed. He later said that the sound quality of the musical notes was not great, but the ‎ technical importance of the music was huge.‎ The sciencefiction writer Arthur C. Clarke visited Bell Laboratories in the 1960s. He heard a computer “sing” the song Daisy Bell on devices (设备) and learned about the programs developed by Mathews and other engineers. Clarke noted this technology in his book 2001: A Space Odyssey, which was later made into a movie.‎ Mathews continued creating other versions of the Music program. He became interested in how computers could help musicians outside recording studios. The Groove program he developed was the first computer program made for live performances.‎ He also developed an electronic device he called the Radio Baton, which looks like two drum sticks. It enables the user to control the speed and sound levels of orchestral music (管弦乐) played on a computer by moving the two sticks on a special electronic surface.‎ Mathews said he believed modern musicians were not making full use of the power of computer music. He said a violin always sounds like a violin. But with his Music, the way a violin sounds is unlimited. He did not want computer sounds to replace live music, but he hoped computers would one day be considered serious instruments.‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Max Vernon Mathews把音乐与计算机结合起来，创造了魅力无穷的计算机音乐。‎ ‎1．Why did Clarke visit Bell Laboratories?‎ A．To make his book into a movie.‎ B．To help Mathews develop Music.‎ C．To satisfy his own curiosity about music.‎ D．To gather materials for his literary creation.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Clarke在他的一本书里涉及了Mathews的电子音乐技术。由此可推知，Clarke主要是为文学创作获取素材才去Bell Laboratories的。‎ ‎2．What electronic music tools did Mathews create?‎ A．Something used to record live music.‎ B．Something used to create special sound.‎ C．Something used to improve computer music.‎ D．Something used to create computer music.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，制作计算机音乐时，Radio Baton可以用来控制管弦乐的速度、声级等，能改进音乐。‎ ‎3．What does Mathews think of his Music?‎ A．It is more pleasant to the ear.‎ B．It can help make more sounds.‎ C．It will finally replace the violin.‎ D．It is more popular than live music.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，一般小提琴发出的声音就是那一种，用Mathews的Music可以让它的声音有无数种，即他的Music能帮助发出更多声音。‎ ‎4．What can we learn about Mathews?‎ A．He is the father of computer music.‎ B．His creation succeeded on the first try.‎ C．He wrote Music to replace instruments.‎ D．He changed the functions of computers.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据全文可知，是Mathews首先创造了计算机音乐，并进而发展出一系列与音乐相关的电子产品，在音乐界掀起了一场革命，故他是计算机音乐之父。‎ B ‎(2018·湖北省鄂西北联考)It happens to most firsttime fish keepers. They run to a fish store, pick out the bestlooking fish, and get all the things they need for their tanks. Then they fill up their tanks and put their fish in the water. Over the course of the next week, their fish aren't looking so good. Then all of a sudden, all of their fish start to die off.‎ Luckily, there is an explanation. Ammonia (氨) and nitrite (亚硝酸盐) are toxic to fish. You see, keeping fish in a tank produces ammonia. If a fish is placed in a new tank, the tank won't be equipped with the ability to change that ammonia into a less harmful chemical. And that's why they die.‎ To avoid the whole failure, you have to understand a little something called the Nitrogen Cycle (氮循环). After ammonia is produced in a tank, a kind of bacterium that is naturally found in water (a bacterium that consumes ammonia and produces nitrite) reproduces itself to form a large enough area to change all ammonia into nitrite. As the concentration (浓度) of nitrite increases, the same thing happens to nitrite, which ‎ happened to ammonia. A group of bacteria that change nitrite into nitrate (硝酸盐) form in large numbers. The cycle takes about one week to several months, depending on your technique. When a tank reaches a point where it can change all ammonia and nitrite being produced in a tank to nitrate before they reach harmful concentrations, it has finished the Nitrogen Cycle — it is safe for fish.‎ So before you ever place a fish into a tank from now on, use some skills to make it do that first. To do so, slightly increase ammonia concentration of your tank. If after 24 hours, your tank has no mark of ammonia or nitrite, you can ensure that it's cycled. You just need to perform a partial water change and your tank is ready for fish.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。新手养鱼经常遇到这样的问题：他们刚养不久的鱼相继死去。这是因为新鱼缸没有经过氮循环，从而导致鱼中毒死亡。‎ ‎5．What can we learn from Para. 1?‎ A．It's really hard for people to keep fish well.‎ B．The author feels very sorry for those dead fish.‎ C．New fish keepers begin to raise fish in a hurry.‎ D．People have no idea how to use their tanks well.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。第一段描述了养鱼新手经常会遇到的问题：他们刚养的鱼很快就死了；由第二段的最后两句可知这是因为新买的鱼缸没有经过氮循环，从而导致鱼中毒而死；由此可推知，作者在第一段中想说明新手养鱼太仓促了。‎ ‎6．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “toxic” in Para. 2?‎ A．Open.　　　　　　 B．Harmful.‎ C．Familiar. D．Beneficial.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。由第二段的“the tank won't be equipped with the ability to change that ammonia into a less harmful chemical”可推知，ammonia和nitrite这两种化学物质对鱼类有害。‎ ‎7．What do we know about the Nitrogen Cycle?‎ A．It makes sure of fish's safety.‎ B．It provides all the nutrition fish need.‎ C．It increases the concentration of ammonia.‎ D．It produces more chemicals to clean the tank.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第三段的内容尤其是最后一句“it has finished the Nitrogen Cycle — it is safe for fish”可知，新买的鱼缸经过氮循环之后，人们就可以用它来养鱼了；故选A。‎ ‎8．Which question can't be answered in the text?‎ A．What's the right way to raise fish in a new tank?‎ B．What happens during the Nitrogen Cycle?‎ C．Why are fish in a new tank likely to die?‎ D．Why is nitrate less harmful to fish?‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了养鱼新手常遇到的问题，第二段解释了造成这种问题的原因，第三段具体介绍了氮循环的过程，最后一段介绍了用新鱼缸养鱼的正确方法；故选D。‎ Ⅴ.完形填空 ‎(2018·山东省实验中学模拟)My father, Danny Thomas, was a famous comedian, singer, actor, and producer with many fans.‎ When I was a child I __1__ him. Once, my father made a(n) __2__ with Margaret O'Brien and he often took me to the set. I also wanted to be a movie star. Ten years later, at age seventeen, I got my __3__.‎ I played the lead in Gigi. However, the __4__ of finally being a real actress was painfully shortlived. All the interviews and all the reviews __5__ my father.‎ Would I be as good as my father? Was I as gifted, as funny? Would I be as popular? I was extremely __6__.‎ I loved my father, but my __7__ was just him.‎ ‎“Daddy，” I began, “please don't be __8__ when I tell you this. I want to change my __9__. I love you but I don't want to be a Thomas anymore.”‎ I tried not to __10__ during the long silence. And then he said, “I raised you to be a thoroughbred (优秀的赛马). When thoroughbreds run, they wear blinders to keep their eyes focused straight __11__ with no disturbance, no other horses. They hear the crowd but they don't __12__. They just run their own race. That's what you have to do. Don't listen to anyone __13__ you to me or to anyone else. You just run your own race.”‎ The next night __14__ the crowd filed into the theater, the stage manager __15__ me a white box with a red ribbon. I opened it up and inside was a pair of old horse blinders with a little ‎ note that __16__， “Run your own race, Baby.”‎ Run your own race, Baby. Dad could have said it a dozen other ways: “Be __17__.”； “Don't be influenced by others.” But it wouldn't have been the same. He chose the right words at the right time. And all __18__ my life, I've been able to come to the point by asking myself, “Am I running my race or __19__ else's？”‎ I thank my father for all his words that continue to live in my __20__.‎ 语篇解读：作者通过自己的经历让我们明白一个人生哲理：走好自己的路，让别人说去吧。‎ ‎1．A.hated　　　　　　　　 B．adored C．feared D．avoided 解析：选B　根据第一段可知，作者的父亲是一个著名的喜剧家、歌手、演员及制作人，而且有许多粉丝，因此，作者小时候很崇拜(adored)他。故选B项。hate意为“厌恶；憎恨”；fear意为“害怕；恐惧”；avoid意为“避免”。‎ ‎2．A.movie B．album C．record D．interview 解析：选A　根据下文中的“I also wanted to be a movie star.”可知，此处指作者的父亲跟玛格丽特·奥布赖恩一起拍电影(movie)，他经常把作者带到拍摄现场，引起了她对电影的热爱。故选A项。album意为“相册；唱片”；record意为“记录”；interview意为“采访；面试”。‎ ‎3．A.position B．award C．degree D．chance 解析：选D　根据下文中的“I played the lead in Gigi.”可知，作者也想成为一名电影明星，而她在电影《琪琪》中饰演主角，说明作者在17岁时得到了一次机会(chance)。故选D项。position意为“职位；位置”；award意为“荣誉；奖励”；degree意为“程度；学位”。‎ ‎4．A.affection B．anxiety C．excitement D．bitterness 解析：选C　联系上文及常识可知，作者实现了当演员的梦想，心情一定是激动的。affection意为“感情；喜爱；感染”；anxiety意为“忧虑；担忧”；excitement意为“兴奋；激动”；bitterness意为“痛苦；悲痛；怨恨”。故选C项。句意：然而痛苦的是，最终成为真正的女演员的激动并未持续很久。‎ ‎5．A.focused on B．relied on C．appealed to D．attended to 解析：选A　根据下文中的“Would I be as good as my father？”及从上文可知作者的父亲很有名，所以记者都想从作者身上得到关于她父亲的各种相关信息。也就是说，所有的采访和评论的焦点都围绕着父亲。focus on意为“集中于”，故选A项。rely on意为“依靠；信赖”；appeal to意为“呼吁；恳求”；attend to意为“关心；照料；护理”。‎ ‎6．A.calm B．upset C．touched D．guilty 解析：选B　根据上文可推知，作者本来因为成为真正的演员而感到兴奋，但是几乎没有人关心她自己的努力，只关心她父亲的情况，所以她很心烦(upset)。故选B项。calm意为“冷静的”；touched意为“感动的”；guilty意为“内疚的；有罪的”。‎ ‎7．A.belief B．limit C．model D．problem 解析：选D　作者由于外人都聚焦于父亲而无人关心她的努力而很苦恼，因此，此处指作者爱她的父亲，但她的问题(problem)就是他。故选D项。belief意为“信仰；信条”；limit意为“限制；局限”；model意为“模型；典型；模范”。‎ ‎8．A.puzzled B．injured C．hurt D．confused 解析：选C　根据上文可知，作者因为她的父亲心烦意乱，再结合下文内容，作者想改名字可知，她不想父亲因此受到伤害。puzzled意为“困惑的”；injured意为“受伤的”；hurt可指身心受到的伤害；confused意为“困惑的”。故选C项。‎ ‎9．A.role B．name C．school D．major 解析：选B　根据下文可知，作者不想再用托马斯这个姓了，因此，她想改掉名字(name)。故选B项。role意为“角色”；school意为“学校”；major意为“专业”。‎ ‎10．A.cry B．smile C．scream D．laugh 解析：选A　根据语境，作者说出会让父亲受伤的话，自己肯定也不舒服。句意：在一阵长久的沉默中，我努力不去哭泣。cry意为“哭泣”；smile意为“微笑”；scream意为“尖叫”；laugh意为“笑；嘲笑”。故选A项。‎ ‎11．A.ahead B．around C．about D．aside 解析：选A　当赛马奔跑时，它们会戴着眼罩遮住自己的眼睛，以便把注意力集中在前方(ahead)，不受任何干扰，也不看其他的马。故选A项。around意为“大约”；about意为“左右”；aside意为“在旁边”。‎ ‎12．A.hesitate B．move C．shout D．listen 解析：选D　根据上文中的hear及but表转折可知，它们听到马群的声音，但是它们不去听，hear与listen相呼应。故选D项。hesitate意为“犹豫；迟疑”；move意为“移动”；shout意为“呼喊”。‎ ‎13．A.leading B．comparing C．tying D．introducing 解析：选B　从上文可知作者不能忍受媒体总是拿她跟她的父亲比较，还因此想改名字，她的父亲劝她不要受他人评价的影响。结合下文“You just run your own race.”可知，不要在意任何人把她跟父亲比较。lead意为“领导；带领”；compare意为“比较”；tie意为“系；打结；与……打成平局”；introduce意为“介绍；引进”。故选B项。‎ ‎14．A.until B．though C．as D．since 解析：选C　句意：第二天晚上，在观众排队进入影院的时候，舞台经理递给我一个系着一条红丝带的白色盒子。根据句意可知，设空处表示“当……的时候”‎ ‎，引导时间状语从句。故选C项。until意为“直到”；though意为“尽管”；since意为“自从；既然；由于”，均不符合语境。‎ ‎15．A.delivered B．handed C．dropped D．pressed 解析：选B　根据下文中的“I opened it up”可知，此处指舞台经理递给(handed)作者一个盒子。故选B项。deliver意为“邮寄；发表；接生”；drop意为“放弃；下降”；press意为“压；挤；推；施加压力”。‎ ‎16．A.wrote B．showed C．printed D．read 解析：选D　设空后的“Run your own race, Baby.”是纸条上写的内容。write意为“写”；show意为“显示；说明”；print意为“印刷；打印”。此处指纸条上“写着”，应用read。故选D项。‎ ‎17．A.grateful B．modest C．independent D．considerate 解析：选C　句意：爸爸本来可以用许多其他方式说出这句话：“要独立(independent)”；“不要被其他人影响”。据上文可知，父亲的意思就是要独立，故选C项。grateful意为“感激的”；modest意为“谦虚的；谦逊的”；considerate意为“考虑周到的；体贴的”，均不符合语境。‎ ‎18．A.toward B．beyond C．through D．behind 解析：选C　句意：在我整个(through)人生中，我已经能直奔主题扪心自问：“我现在是在参加自己的比赛还是其他人的呢？”all through后接时间表示“整个……”。故选C项。toward意为“‎ 朝；向”；beyond意为“超出”；behind意为“在……后面”，均不符合语境。‎ ‎19．A.somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 解析：选A　or表示选择，根据设空前的“running my race”可知，设空处指“其他人的”。根据语境可知选A项。‎ ‎20．A.recognition B．dream C．experience D．heart 解析：选D　作者非常感谢父亲，谢谢他那些将继续深藏于作者内心(heart)的话。故选D项。recognition意为“识别；承认；认出；重视；赞誉；公认”；dream意为“梦想”；experience意为“经历；经验”，均不符合语境。‎ Ⅵ.短文改错 The person who touched me most is an unknown lady. I study in a city school but lives in a village 15 kilometers away. One afternoon, I reveive a call from my family saying my mom was serious ill. I hurried to the bus station, only find the last bus had left. Feel anxious, I decided to walk home. On the way a car stopped and the driver asked me that I needed help. Worried about being cheated, I said anything. But she was such sincere that I finally accepted her offer. When we reached my village, it was dark. Seeing her car out of the sight, I was in tear. Whenever I think of her, I always feel grateful.‎ 答案：第二句：lives→live 第三句：receive→received; serious→seriously 第四句：only后加to 第五句：Feel→Feeling 第六句：that→if/whether 第七句：anything→nothing 第八句：such→so 第十句：去掉the; tear→tears