2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit4Makingthenews单元学案(17页word版)

2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit4Makingthenews单元学案(17页word版)

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit4Making the news单元学案 单元基础知识过关训练 Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·湖北省八校联考)A Beijing judge sentenced 91 people on Sunday for their________in a multinational telephone cheating that targeted elderly Chinese.‎ A．involvement　　　　　　　　　 B．occupation C．connection D．engagement ‎2．(2014·孝感调考)Simon works it out as quickly as Debbie, but not so ______ as he.That is why Debbie always gets high scores in math tests.‎ A．accurately B．fluently C．properly D．casually ‎3．(2014·荆州第一次质量检测)Currently, many American women are still faced with the ________ of choosing between work and family commitments.‎ A．desperation B．confusion C．dilemma D．concern ‎4．(2014·仙桃调研)Funding arrangements for the poor students are already ________， with which they can go back to school to continue their study.‎ A．in order B．in demand C．in place D．in vain ‎5．(2014·武昌区高三检测)No decision will be made about any ‎ future ________ until all the candidates have been interviewed.‎ A．appointment B．achievement C．equipment D．improvement ‎6．The US threatens to punish China unless the yuan appreciates (增值) by 40%, but I think our government will never ________ this unreasonable demand.‎ A．oppose to B．resign to C．contribute to D．submit to ‎7．(2014·汉川一中高三质检)Your plan, as well as his, sounds original.But the company, I think, won’t ______ either of them, for they are unrealistic.‎ A．abolish B．comment C．approve D．overlook ‎8．(2014·咸宁模拟)People who study or work away from home are ________ to go back to celebrate the Spring Festival.‎ A．eager B．evident C．content D．curious ‎9．(2014·武汉高三质检)Plan your shopping ________ time. Avoid last minute rushes to the grocery store when you are hungry.‎ A．in front of B．out of C．ahead of D．apart from ‎10．(2014·武汉高三调研)More and more teachers tend to think that teaching is really a ________ job, so they have to devote a lot to it.‎ A．rewarding B．blessing C．demanding D．depressing Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·荆州质检)When ________________________________ the news that many people were killed for an oil pipeline explosion in Qingdao, all of us felt shocked and deeply saddened.(inform)‎ 当被告知在青岛石油管道爆炸事件中有许多人丧生，我们都感到震惊和心痛。‎ ‎2．(2014·武汉市调研)It was demanded from the local residents that the chemical plant ______________________ as soon as possible.(move)‎ 当地居民要求那家化工厂尽快搬走。‎ ‎3．(2014·武汉市高三模拟)________________________________， and you will master the language.(concentrate)‎ 把精力集中在英语上，你就会掌握这门语言。‎ ‎4．I am afraid your parents __________________________ him.(approve)‎ 恐怕你的父母不赞成你和他结婚。‎ ‎5．(2014·湖北省八校一联)You need ________________ the work all by yourself; the manager planned to ask Bob to help you.(finish)‎ 你本来没有必要自己完成那项工作；经理原打算是让鲍勃来帮助你的。‎ ‎6．The next World Cup is ________________ in Russia in 2018.(hold)‎ 下一届世界杯将于2018年在俄罗斯举行。‎ ‎7．(2014·湖北省八校高三二联)He firmly argued that at no time ______________________‎ ‎ the only means of stimulating pupils to pursue knowledge.(regard)‎ 他坚定地表明他们从来没有把考试看成是激励学生学习知识的唯一手段。‎ ‎8．The poor maid was about to finish cleaning the bedrooms for her hostess ________________________ priceless jewelry.(accuse)‎ 可怜的女仆正要清理完女主人的卧室时，突然被指责偷了价值连城的珠宝。‎ ‎9．Now it’s not finding a method, but finding the best one that is effective and safe ________________________.(matter)‎ 现在最重要的不是找到一个方法，而是找到一个既有效又无风险的最好的方法。‎ ‎10．Here are some ways in which people can help ____________________________.(keep)‎ 下面介绍一些人们可以用来防止水受到污染的方法。‎ 答 案 Ⅰ.1.选A　考查名词辨析。句意：曾参与以中国老人为目标的多国电话诈骗案的91人，在周日9人被北京法官判了刑。involvement“参与”，与语境相符。occupation“占有”；connection“联系”‎ ‎；engagement“约会”。‎ ‎2．选A　句意：西蒙和代比算的一样快，但是没他精确，这就是代比每次在数学考试中都得高分的原因。accurately“精确地”；fluently“流利地”；properly“恰当地”；casually“随意地”。‎ ‎3．选C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前，许多美国女性仍然面临着在工作和家庭奉献之间进行选择的两难境地。desperation“绝望”；confusion“混乱”；dilemma“窘境；进退两难的境地”；concern“担心；忧虑”。根据句意可知，答案为C。‎ ‎4．选C　考查介词短语辨析。句意：贫困学生的助学金已经到位了，他们可以用这笔钱回到学校继续学习。in order“整齐；状况良好”；in demand“有需要”；in place“准备就绪；准备妥当”；in vain“徒劳的”。根据句意选C。‎ ‎5．选A　句意：直到所有的候选人被面试完毕，才做出对下一个任命的决定。appointment“任命；委任；约会”，符合句意。‎ ‎6．选D　考查动词短语辨析。根据语意“我认为中国政府决不会向这种无理要求屈服”可知， submit (oneself) to ... “向……屈服”，符合题意。如果使用resign的话，必须用resign oneself to。‎ ‎7．选C　句意：你和他的计划听起来都很新颖，但是我认为公司都不会批准，因为它们都不切合实际。approve“批准；认可”，符合句意。abolish“废除”；comment“评论”；overlook“忽视”。‎ ‎8．选A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些在外学习或工作的人们急于回家过春节。根据句意可知，eager“渴望的”符合句意。‎ ‎9．选C　根据第二句的“Avoid last minute rushes to the grocery store”可推知应使用ahead of“提前”。in front of “(方位上)在……之前”； out of time “不合时宜的”； apart from ‎“除……外；此外”。‎ ‎10．选C　考查形容词词义辨析。rewarding“有益的；有报酬的”；blessing“赐福；祝福”；demanding“高要求的；要求严格的；苛求的”；depressing“令人沮丧的”。根据语境可知，答案选C。‎ Ⅱ.1.(we were) informed of/about ‎2．(should) be moved ‎3．Concentrate your attention on English ‎4．won’t approve of your marrying ‎5．not have finished ‎6．to be held ‎7．did they regard examinations (exams)/had they regarded examinations (exams) as ‎8．when she was accused of stealing ‎9．that matters (the) most ‎10．keep water from being polluted 单元知识综合能力测试 Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2018·安徽省六安市第一中学月考)‎ A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops.‎ Students are increasingly using laptops for notetaking because of speed and legibility(清晰度)．But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the ‎ concepts they have been taught.‎ Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes“mindlessly”by taking down word for word what the professors said.‎ In the first experiment，students were given either a laptop or pen and paper.They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual notetaking skills.Thirty minutes after the talk，they were examined on their ability to remember facts and on how well they understood concepts.‎ The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand.However，the typists performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts.Both groups scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts.‎ The researchers' report said，“While more notes are beneficial，if the notes are taken mindlessly，as is more likely the case on a laptop，the benefit disappears. ”‎ In another experiment aimed at testing longterm memory，students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture.This time，the students who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam.‎ These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding，but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.‎ ‎1．More and more students favor laptops for notetaking ‎ because they can ________.‎ A．write more notes ‎ B．digest concepts better C．get higher scores ‎ D．understand lecture better ‎2．While taking notes，laptop users tend to be ________.‎ A．skillful B．tireless C．thoughtful D．mindless ‎3．The author of the passage aims to ________.‎ A．examine the importance of longterm memory B．stress the benefit of taking notes by hand C．explain the process of taking notes ‎ D．promote the use of laptops ‎4．The passage is likely to appear in ________.‎ A．a finance report ‎ B．a computer textbook ‎ C．a science magazine ‎ D．a newspaper advertisement 答案与解析 本文是一篇说明文。本文揭示实验研究的结果，用笔记本电脑记笔记的人记忆和应用概念的能力较差，而用手记笔记的人在考试中的表现更好。‎ ‎1．A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Students are increasingly using laptops for notetaking because of speed and legibility(清晰度)”‎ 可知，学生越来越多地使用笔记本电脑记笔记是因为它的速度和清晰度，这说明用笔记本电脑记笔记速度快记得多。故选A。‎ ‎2．D　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught”可知，研究已经发现笔记本电脑的使用者没能记住和应用教给他们的概念。由此可推知，笔记本电脑的使用者在记笔记时是不动脑子的。故选D。‎ ‎3．B　推理判断题。本文通过实验发现了用笔记本电脑记笔记的不良效果和用手记笔记的优势，两者相比突出了用手记笔记的好处。故选B。‎ ‎4．C　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文揭示实验研究的结果，用笔记本电脑记笔记的人记忆和应用概念的能力较差，而用手记笔记的人在考试中的表现更好。由此可推知，本文应该出现在科学杂志里。故选C。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2016·北京高考)‎ The Science of RiskSeeking Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. __1__ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.‎ The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risktakers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. __2__ As the quality of risktaking was ‎ passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.‎ So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risktaking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stayinthecave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. __3__‎ No matter where you are on the riskseeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. __4__ To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.‎ ‎__5__ For the riskseekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.‎ As experts continue to study the science of riskseeking, we'll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.‎ A．It all depends on your character.‎ B．Those are the risks you should jump to take.‎ C．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.‎ D．Thus, these wellequipped people survived because they ‎ were the fittest.‎ E．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.‎ F．However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.‎ G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.‎ 答案与解析 本文是一篇说明文。早期，人类为了生存，需要冒险精神。这样，人类喜欢冒险的性格特点就延续下来，然而有一部分人可能不喜欢冒险。专家说这可能与我们的大脑活动有关系。‎ ‎1．F　根据上文“when we weigh the risk and the reward”可知，本段围绕危险的衡量标准展开；根据下文“Some of us enjoy...scare the rest of us.”可知，衡量风险和奖赏的标准因人而异。F项“不是所有人都用相同的标准衡量风险和奖赏”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎2．C　根据上文可知，冒险家更擅长狩猎、打斗和探险。根据下文可知，冒险精神被一代又一代的人传承下来，即擅长冒险的人生存下来了，并传承了这些精神。C项“擅长这些事情意味着有较大的生存机会”符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎3．A　根据上文“humans developed a range of character types...hate it”可知，人类形成的一系列的性格类型延续至今。所以你可能喜欢或者讨厌赛车。A项“这由你的性格决定”与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎4．E　E项“‎ 青少年时期正是你走出家庭、走向更广阔的世界的时候”与上文中的“during your teenage years”相照应，符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎5．G　根据下文可知，对于冒险者来说，与兴奋有关联的那部分大脑会变得活跃；而对于我们其余的人来说，与恐惧有关联的大脑部分会变得活跃。由此可知，G项“新的大脑研究表明，我们面对紧张的情况时，大脑反应也不同”是对下文的总结，符合语境。故选G。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·长沙市望城区第一中学月考)‎ Have you ever seen the TV show “where are we going, Dad？” It is now without doubt the most popular TV show in China, attracting over 600 million viewers each week. In this program, several fathers，__1__ are all well known in China, take care of their kids alone__2__the help of the children's mothers. They also take part in different kinds of activities with their kids together, such as cooking, fishing and__3__(sell) goods.One reason why the show is so popular is __4__ it reflects social reality. In big cities, fathers are always__5__busy with their jobs to spare(挤出) time for their kids. Meanwhile, large numbers of fathers from the countryside__6__(come) to big cities over the years, leaving their kids at home under the grandparents' care. Xu Canyong, a 33yearold man__7__(employ) in a company in Shantou, Guangdong Province, said, “I have a son and a daughter in my hometown. I miss__8__ very much.”‎ Xie Dikui, the director of the show, said that he was also__9__(move) by the program. “__10__these fathers are ‎ busy, they manage to spare time for their kids. We can do as well as them.”‎ 答案与解析 本文讲述了目前倍受欢迎的电视节目“爸爸去哪儿”的相关内容。‎ ‎1．who　考查主语从句。先行词是several fathers，引导词在后句中作主语，应该用who连接，故填who。‎ ‎2．without　考查介词。根据前文“take care of their kids alone”，可知这些孩子没有母亲陪在身边，“without”意为“没有”，故填without。‎ ‎3．selling　考查and的用法。and前后所表达的意思相近，词性相同，前面是ing形式的后面也应该是ing形式的，故填selling。‎ ‎4．that　考查表语从句。后面的表语从句中不缺成分且意义完整，用that引导该从句，故填that。‎ ‎5．too　考查固定句型。“too...to”表示强调句型，意为“太……以至于不能”，故填too。‎ ‎6．have come　考查完成时态。根据后文 over the years，可知这里应该是完成时，主语“large numbers of fathers”是复数，并且全文以一般现在时为基本时态，所以这里是现在完成时，故填have come。‎ ‎7．employed　考查非谓语动词。动词和主语之间构成被动关系，这里用动词过去分词作后置定语，故填employed。‎ ‎8．them　考查宾语。这里用“them”指代前面的“a son and a daughter”，故填them。‎ ‎9．moved　考查被动语态。根据语境可知，他也被感动了，用“‎ be＋动词过去分词”表示被动语态，故填moved。‎ ‎10．Though/Although　考查上下文联系。前后两句话表示转折关系，并且空格在句首，故填Though/Although。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2017·娄底市质检)‎ Nowadays, mobile phones are become more and more popular in the middle school students. In my opinion, we can bring mobile phones to school. As we know, the 21st century is a modern age and full of informations. A mobile phone is one of the quicker tools for us to exchange messages. The mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention, but we ought to make the best use of it. Suppose there's sudden accident, it is more conveniently for us to dial for help immediately. There're also some games in the mobile phone. We can relax us by playing them when we're tired of our studies. In my opinion, it's not wrong to follow after the fashion, but the most important thing is that to use the mobile phone in a right way. ‎ 答案 Nowadays, mobile phones are more and more popular the middle school students. In my opinion, we can bring mobile phones to school. As we know, the 21st century is a modern age and full of . A mobile phone is one of the tools for us to exchange messages. The mobile phone is a ‎ fashionable and useful invention, we ought to make the best use of it. Suppose there's sudden accident, it is more for us to dial for help immediately. There're also some games in the mobile phone. We can relax by playing them when we're tired of our studies. In my opinion, it's not wrong to / the fashion, but the most important thing is / to use the mobile phone in a right way. ‎ Ⅴ.书面表达 ‎(2017·湖南省浏阳市第一中学模拟)‎ 假设你叫李华，你的一个朋友John刚从美国归来，邀请你参加本周日在他家举办的朋友聚会，但你不能参加，请你根据以下要点给他写一封电子邮件：‎ ‎1. 表达想参加的意愿； 2. 忙于准备考试； ‎ ‎3. 由于感冒，身体不适；4. 表示歉意并另约时间。‎ 注意：1.可适当添加细节以使行文连贯；‎ ‎2．词数100左右；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给，不计入总词数。‎ Dear John，‎ I'm extremely sorry to tell you that I am unable to go to your party this Sunday.__________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua 答案 Dear_John，‎ I'm_extremely_sorry_to_tell_you_that_I_am_unable_to_go_to_your_party_this_Sunday. It is very kind of you to invite me to your house and I really look forward to going to your party and sharing your happy experiences abroad. Much to my regret, I will be absent from your party owing to the fact that an important exam is just around the corner, for which I am now really busy preparing.‎ What's worse, I have caught a bad cold lately and I'd rather I stayed at home instead of going anywhere.‎ Anyway, we will have many more chances to get together. Would it be convenient for you if we make it after the exam?‎ I'm truly sorry. I hope you will forgive me and accept my sincere apologies. I look forward to your reply.‎ Yours_truly，‎ Li_Hua