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2019-2020学年山西省大同市第一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题 (word版)
2019~2020-1 高二年级 期中考试 英 语 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 60 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 3 分,满分 45 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。 A Bookshops are a traveller’s best friend: they provide convenient shelter and diversion in bad weather, and they often host readings and other cultural events. Here is a look at the world's six greatest bookstores. Adrian Harrington—since 1971. Rare books;rare first editions;leather bound sets and general antiquarian(古玩). Address: 64A Kensington Church Street, Kensington, London, England, UK. Another Country—Kreuzberg, Berlin, Germany. Another Country is an English Language second-hand bookshop which is mostly used as a library. They have about 20, 000 books that you can buy or borrow. Some regular events are held at the shop, such as readings, cultural events, social evenings and film nights. Atlantis Books—Oia, Santorini, Greece. Atlantis Books is an independent bookshop on the island of Santorini, Greece, founded in 2004 by a group of friends from Cyprus, England, and the United States. Throughout the year it hosts literary festivals, film screenings, book readings, and good old fashioned dance parties. Bart's Books—Ojai, California, USA. " The World’s Greatest Outdoor Bookstore. " Bookstore founded by Richard Bartinsdale in 1964. Shelves of books face the street, and regular customers are asked to drop coins into the door’s coin box to pay for any books they take whenever the store is closed. Corso Como Bookshop—Milan, Italy. Extensive selection of publication on art, architecture, design, graphics and fashion, with a strong emphasis on photography. Shopping and dining complex in Milan, Italy. It was founded in 1990 in Milan, Italy, by Carla Sozzani. The Bookworm—Beijing, China. A bookshop, library, bar, restaurant and events space, now with four locations in three cities—Beijing, Suzhou and Chengdu. The spacious, interconnecting rooms with floor-to-ceiling books on every wall are light and airy in summer, yet cosy and warm in winter. 1. Which of the following bookstores has the longest history? A. Bart’s Books. B. Atlantis Books. C. Adrian Harrington. D. Corso Como Bookshop. 2. What can you do in Atlantis Books? A. Attend a festival. B. Learn photography. C. Enjoy rare books. D. Buy books anytime. 3. How is the Bookworm different from the other bookstores? A. It is used as a library. B. It focuses on photography. C. It has branches in different cities. D. It hosts all sorts of activities. B When 6-year-old Jack Foley crossed the finish line last month at the Long Beach Kids Triathlon, it was more than an athletic achievement. His completion marked a remarkable recovery from a rare heart condition. The journey began before Jack was born. At a routine 20-week examination, doctors told parents-to-be Rob Foley and Lauren Kiefer-Foley of Long Island, New York, that the fetus’( 胎 儿 的 ) heart wasn't properly developing. "The doctor told us, ‘we can't see the left side of the baby's heart,’ ” Kiefer- Foley recalled.“He told us, 'you need to get to a cardiologist(心脏病专家) first thing in the morning.’ ” Further tests would confirm a diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, a rare birth fault affecting the heart’s ability to pump blood through the body. Doctors informed the couple about the risks and challenges their child could face. " We were advised by many doctors to terminate our pregnancy because the condition is so severe. They told us that most babies don't even survive birth, let alone the first surgery, " Kiefer-Foley said. Nonetheless, the couple decided to give their baby a chance. After Jack was born at full-term via a scheduled C-section(剖腹产), doctors took him straight to a care unit to administer the level of care he would need before his first open-heart surgery days later. "When the doctor said ' it's a boy ! ’ I didn't get to see him for hours after that. ” Kiefer-Foley said. They would also have to wait until after Jack's first surgery to hold him for the first time. With a successful delivery behind them, it was now up to Dr. Emile Bacha, chief of Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital to guide Jack through a series of surgeries to repair the newborn’s heart. 1. Why did the author say “it was more than an athletic achievement” in Paragraph 1? A. Jack was only six years old. B. The event was too difficult. C. Jack once suffered from severe heart disease. D. Jack didn’t recover from severe heart disease. 2. What was the bad effect of Jack’s disease? A. It led to inadequate blood supply. B. The beat of heart was not heard. C. His intelligence will not develop properly. D. The right side of the baby's heart can't be seen. 3. What does the underlined word “terminate” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. continue B. stop C. change D. adjust 4. What will most probably be talked about in the next part of the text? A. Jack’s journey all over the world. B. The sorrow and despair of Jack’s parents. C. Jack’s major academic achievement. D. Jack’s remarkable recovery from heart disease. C Air travel can be annoying. But research now suggests global warming could make it much worse. To get off the ground in really hot weather, planes may be forced to carry fewer passengers. That might mean a little more space, which would be good. However, it also would make the passengers pay more. Average air temperatures around the world are rising because people are polluting the air with increasing amounts of greenhouse gases, which, such as carbon dioxide, are a byproduct of burning fuels. Those warmer temperatures can influence an airplane's ability to fly because air molecules(分子) spread out more as the air warms. This produces less lift under a plane's wings, so a plane must be lighter to take off in hot weather than on cooler days. It can even prove too dangerous for some planes to attempt a take-off. A record of June heat wave in the American Southwest, for instance, caused flight cancellations in Phoenix, Ariz. One airline 's planes were cleared to operate only up to 47.8℃. On June 20, Phoenix reached 48.3℃! Radley Horton is a climate scientist at Columbia University. Two years ago, he and his graduate student Ethan David Coffel studied the effect of warming at four US airports and found that warming of track could triple(使成三倍) the number of days when planes face weight restrictions. Later, they explored the effect of rising temperatures on five types of commercial planes flying out of 19 of the world’s busiest airports. In the coming decades, as many as one to three out of every 10 flights that take off during the hottest time of day could face weight restrictions, they found. In some cases, a typical 160-seat plane would have to remove 4%of its weight. That would be equal to taking a dozen people off the plane, the researchers calculated. 1. How would global warming affect air travel according to the first paragraph? A. It'll add to the danger of flying. B. It'll increase passengers' travel cost. C. It'll make flying much more comfortable. D. It'll encourage more people to travel by plane. 2. What is the second paragraph actually intended to explain? A. How global warming is happening. B. What decides a plane's ability to fly. C. Why global warming affects flying. D. Where greenhouse gases are created. 3. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Reasons for flight cancellation. B. Financial condition related to hot air. C. The tendency of temperature change D. Findings of effects of warming on flying. 4. What should be the best title for the text? A. Air Travel isn't Recommended during Hot Weather B. Rising Temperatures May Reduce the Number of Flights C. Weight Restrictions Are More Common in More Airports D. Hotter Air May Lead to Planes Carrying Fewer Passengers D According to new research from the University of Cambridge in England, sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs. The farm animals, who are social and have large brains, were previously known to be able to recognize one another, as well as familiar humans. However, their abililty to recognize human faces from photos alone is novel. The recent study shows the woolly creatures could be trained to recognize still images of human faces, including those of former President Barack Obama and actress Emma Watson. Initially, the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards. Later, they were able to recognize the images for which they had been rewarded. The sheep could even recognize images of faces shown at an angle, though their ability to do so declined by about 15 percent—the same rate at which a humans ability to perform the same task declines. “Anyone who has spent time working with sheep will know that they are intelligent, individual animals who are able to recognize their handlers,” said Professor Jenny Morton, who led the Cambridge study. "We’ve shown with our study that sheep have advanced face-recognition abilities, comparable with those of humans and monkeys.” Recognizing faces is one of the most important social skills for human beings, and some disorders of the brain, including Huntington's disease, affect this ability. “Sheep are long-lived and have brains that are similar in size and complexity to those of some monkeys. That means they can be useful models to help us understand disorders of the brain, such as Huntington's disease, which develop over a long time and affect cognitive abilities. Our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change,” Morton said. 1. According to the new research, what's unusual about sheep? A. They have large brains. B. They can recognize their owners. C. They can tell animals from humans. D. They can recognize human faces from photographs. 2. How did the researchers train the sheep? A. By giving food rewards. B. By showing photos of famous people. C. By guiding them to follow their handlers. D. By showing photos of humans and monkeys by turns. 3. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Sheep have a higher face-recognition ability than monkeys. B. Sheep recognize faces same well when shown photos at any angle. C. The new discovery is beneficial to the study of cognitive ability changes. D. The sheep’s face-recognition ability may prevent some disorders of the brain. 1. What’s the best title of the passage? A. A Wonderful Scientist B. The Life of Sheep C. The Sheep’s Recognition of Each Other D. A New Discovery about Sheep 第二节 七选五(共 5 小题;每小题 3 分,满分 15 分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips to Increase Your Productivity Want to get more done in your day? Of course you do. 16 The good news is that everyone can increase the amount of tasks they accomplish in a day. Here are some tips to help you have a more productive day. Make a plan for your day. Make sure you know how you want your day to go in advance, even before you start. 17 To work best, create the next day's plan the night before so that every morning you spend time performing, not planning. Break large tasks down into bits accomplished easily. Do you have a large project that’s just so big that you keep putting it off? Or maybe you are just unsure of where to begin, so you put it off. 18 Therefore, you will feel a sense of accomplishment as you check the items of your list. Always set your priorities( 优 先 事 项 ). 19 Figure out what must be done, do that first and rank the rest of your work according to importance. If you don' t get to the items at the end of your list, it won't be a big problem, and you can do them another time. 20 If you are the most productive in the morning, that's when you should hit it hard and do as much as you can. If you work better in the afternoon, take care of some things like e-mails in the morning and then accomplish the important projects in the afternoon. Keep on top of your work habits, and you’ll be more productive. A. Reward yourself if you are productive. B. This can provide you a roadmap for the day. C. Be aware of when you are the most productive. D. lt’s tough to meet depressed people who are productive. E. It' s important to accomplish the most important tasks first. F. A good way is to break the project down into more manageable ones. G. To stay competitive in any industry, you need to improve your productivity. 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分 55 分) 第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 40 分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on 21 management. As she raised a glass of water, everyone in the class 22 they would be asked the "half-empty or half-full "question. 23 , that was not the case. With a smile on her face, she asked the students, "How much do you think this glass of water weighs?” Answers called out 24 from eight to twenty ounces(盎司). She quieted the students down and then replied, "The absolute weight doesn't 25 . But it counts how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my 26 . If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb. In each case, the 27 of the glass of water doesn’t change, but the 28 I hold it, the heavier it becomes. Why?” Lost in 29 , all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully. “Our stresses and 30 in life are like that glass of water. If we 31 our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will feel exhausted even unable to 32 .” 33 you have to do is put all your burdens down, as 34 in the evening as possible. Don’ t carry them through the evening into the night; by doing this, we can get 35 next morning and are 36 to move forward. More often than not, life gets terrible when we 37 too much. And the moment you 38 your burdens, you'll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed. So rather than being upset and feeling 39 for yourself, start doing something about it. After all, life is too short to 40 yourself to anything that is not making you happy. 21.A. class B. emotion C. time D. stress 22. A. wondered B. expected C. agreed D. argued 23. A. However B. Meanwhile C. Anyhow D. Therefore 24. A. ranged B. replied C. read D. exchanged 25. A. exist B. change C. matter D. increase 26. A. head B. arm C. leg D. stomach 27. A. shape B. position C. weight D. size 28. A. better B. deeper C. longer D. further 29. A. fantasy B. thought C. dreams D. discussion 30. A. doubts B. joys C. surprises D. worries 31. A. cover B. carry C. hide D. show 32. A. pick up B. work out C. carry on D. catch on 33. A. Something B. All C. Nothing D. Anything 34. A. eagerly B. naturally C. slowly D. early 35. A. refreshed B. entertained C. depressed D. amazed 36. A. able B. anxious C. passive D. ambitious 37. A. fear B. think C. rest D. get 38. A. catch up with B. look down on C. let go of D. put up with 39.A. happy B. sorry C. disappointed D. greedy 40. A. help B. treat C. drive D. abandon 第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题 1.5 分满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文,在题中空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Around three in five people in the UK will find 41 necessary to care for all elderly or a disabled loved one at some point. This can be made much 42 (easy) by bearing in mind a few simple principles and pieces of advice. 43 (care) for an elderly loved one—most likely a parent, is never easy. It can cause great pain emotionally and 44 (physical) and the financial challenges can sometimes seem difficult to deal with too. Often one of the hardest things is striking a balance between your parents' desire 45 (feel) independent and the need to ensure that they are safe and their health needs are being attended to. Sometimes this can create tensions and 46 (argue), only adding to the stress of an already difficult situation. It is important here to make them feel that they are being listened to and 47 you only have their best interests at hear. The same applies 48 financial issues. In order to cover the costs of their parents' care—including bills and medicine—many people will investigate options such as selling the family home. The most important thing here is communication—it is vital to make sure that everyone involved, including other brothers and sisters, 49 ( be) aware of what's being proposed and cooperates to find a solution 50 satisfies everybody. 第三部分 写作(共两节,满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 处错误,每改对一处得 1 分,满分 10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加,删除或修改。删除:把多余的词用斜线(/)划掉, 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在下面写出该加的词。修改:在错的词下划一横线,在该词下写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词。 2.只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 Dear Sir/Madam, I have received the sneakers that I buy from your online shop. With the excitement, I unwrapped the package but found something wrong with them. So I'm writing to inform you the problems. First, the color of the sneakers that I want are red instead of black. Second, size 41 is too large for them. That annoys me most is that there are several little stain on one of the sneakers. They really look awfully. If putting in my situation, how would you feel? I' d like to change this pair for a new one and give me the money back. Looking forward to your early reply. 第二节 作文(满分 25 分) Yours, Lin Ming 假如你是李华,最近你收到英国笔友 Jones 给你的来信,在信中他询问你对未来生活的看法。请根据以下要点, 给Jones 写一封回信。内容要点: 1. 人类健康与寿命; 2. 环境保护与新能源; 3. 日常生活的变化; 4. 感慨未来生活的精彩。注意: 1. 词数 100 左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 3. 文章开头,结尾已给出,不计入总数。 Dear Jones, I’m glad to receive your letter. I’d like to tell you my opinion about the life in the future. Yours, Li Hua 2019~2020-1 高二年级 期中考试 英语 答案 阅读理解 A. 【语篇导读】本文是应用文,介绍了世界上六个赫赫有名的书店。 1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中表示年代的数字可知,这四个书店分别建立于 1971 年、2004 年、1964 年和 1990 年,可见 Bart’ s Books 有着更长的历史。 2. A【解析】细节理解题。由第四段 Throughout the year it hosts literary festivals….可知,在 Atlantis Books 书店可以参加文学节。 3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段… now with our locations in three cities—Beijing, Suzhou and Chengdu.可知, The Bookworm 与其他书的区别在于它在不同的城市有分店。 B. 【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。Jack 出生前患有严重的心脏病,医生曾建议他的母亲终止妊娠。结果,Jack 不但成功康复,而且 6 岁时还成功参加了铁人三项比赛。 4. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段 His completion marked a remarkable recovery from a rare heart condition.内容,再结合下文有关 Jack 出生前的情况可判断出,作者说这句话暗含这不是一个普通的人所取得的体育成就,即他曾患过严重的心脏病。 5. A【解析】细节理解题。由第四段…a rare birth fault affecting the heart 's ability to pump blood through the body.可知,Jack 病情的严重后果是心脏供血不足,应选 A 项。 6. B【解析】词义推断题。第四段 because the condition is so severe. They told us that most babies don’t even survive birth, let alone the first surgery 可知 Jack 的病情非常严重,大多数胎儿出生前就天折了。医生的意思是让她终止妊娠,B 项符合文意。 7. D【解析】推理判断题。最后一段提到,接生非常顺利,现在该由 Bacha 医生给Jack 做系列手术补救他的心脏功能了。结合第一段内容可推知,下文应该谈 Jack 的心脏病是如何康复的,故选D 项。 C. 【语篇导读】本文是说明文。研究发现,全球变暖所导致的热空气可能会迫使飞机减少乘的运载量。 8. B【解析】细节理解题。由第一段 However, it also would make the passengers pay more.可知飞机减少载客量,乘客会付出更多的钱,从而增加了他们的出行成本。 9. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句...so a plane must be lighter to take off in hot weather than on cooler days.可看出,第二段旨在解释全球变暖影响飞机飞行的原因,应选 C 项. 10. D【解析】推理判断题。根据 Two years ago, he and his graduate student Ethan David Coffel studied the effect of warming at four US airports and found 及 Later they explored the effect of rising temperatures on five types of commercial planes...等可看出,最后一段主要是关于全球变暖影响飞行的研究发现。 11 .D【解析】主旨大意题。本文第一段指出研究成果:全球变暖使飞机减少载客量, 第二段解释了 造成这种现象的原因, 第三段列举实例,最后一段介绍了相关的研究发现。可见答案应为D 项。 D. 【语篇导读】本文是科普新闻。剑桥科学家发现羊经过训练之后能够识别人脸,甚至看过美国前总统奥巴马的照片之后,竟能将其认出。 12. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段 However their ability to recognize human faces from photos alone is novel.可知,绵羊的不寻常之处就是能够根据照片只别出人脸。 13. A【解析】细节理解题。第三段前两句 Initially the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards…可知,研究人员是通过给绵羊食物奖励来进行训练的。 14. C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段,尤其是最后一句 Our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change 可推知,这一成果对认知能力变化的研究会大有裨益的。照片的角度变化时,羊的辨识精度下降,故排除 B 项,A、D 项也与文意不符。 15. D【解析】主旨大意题。本文报道了剑桥科学家的一项新发现,羊经过训练之后能够识别人脸照片, 16—20. GBFEC 完形填空 【语篇导读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。通过教授让学生观察一杯水的重量的事例告诉读者: 我们只有卸下压力和负担,才能活得更轻松。 21. D【解析】由第五段 Our stresses and 30 in life are like that glass of water 可知,一位女教授正在给她的学生上压力管理课。 22. B【解析】“杯子是半空还是半满”的问题与教授提出的“这杯水有多重?”的问题不一样,这说明前者是学生“预料”被询问的问题,应选 B 项。 23. A【解析】that was not the case 可知,上下文构成转折关系,A 项正确。However 然而, Meanwhile 同时, Anyhow 无论如何, Therefore 因此。 24. A【解析】根据下文 from eight to twenty ounces(盎司)可知,喊出的答案在 8 到 20 盎司内变动。 ranged 在…内变动, replied 回答,read 阅读,exchanged 交换。 25. C【解析】由 But it counts how long you hold it.可知,此处表示这杯水的实重并不重要。 matter 在此意为“重要,有关系”。 26. B【解析】由下文 If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb.可知,此处指的是胳膊会疼。B 项顺承文意。 27. C【解析】在不同情况下,这杯水的重量并没有改变,但是“我”举的时间越长,它就会变得越重。shape 形状, position 位置, weight 重量,size 尺寸。 28. C【解析】对照前文 If I hold it for a minute...If I hold it for a day.内容可知答案为C 项。 29. B【解析】由 all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully 可知,此处句意为学生们都陷入了沉思之中。lost in thought 陷人沉思之中。 30. D【解析】我们生活中的压力和担心就像那杯水。stresses 和 worries 词义匹配。 31. B【解析】如果我们一直承受着这样沉重的负担,迟早,我们会感到筋疲力尽,,甚至法坚持下去。Carry”承受,承担”符合文意。 32. C【解析】pick up 捡起; work out 解决; carry on 坚持,继续做; catch on 受欢迎,流行起来,理解.C 项文意通顺。 33. B【解析】你所需要做的就是卸下全部的压力。此处应选择表示“全部”含义的 B 项。 21. D【解析】由 Don’t carry them through the evening into the night 可知,此处表示要尽可能早地卸下压,不要拖得特别晚,甚至到深夜。eagerly 渴望地,naturally 自然地, slowly 缓慢地,early 提早。 22. A【解析】通过这样做,我们第二天早上可以重新振作精神,继而能继续前行。refreshed 重新振作精神,entertained 娱乐,depressed 沮丧,amazed 吃惊。 23. A【解析】be able to 能够做某事,是固定用法。 24. B【解析】通常,我们想的太多时生活会变得很糟糕。B 项与上一段中的 put all your burdens down 和 Don't carry them through the evening into the night 意上相吻合。 25. C【解析】你松手放开压力的那一刻,你会发现自己是如此地放松。 catch up with 赶上; look down on 看不起; let go of 释放,松手放开; put up with 忍受,忍耐。 26. B【解析】所以不要感到烦恼或遗憾,而是要开始做一些事情。 feel sorry for oneself 为…感到遗憾,同情。 27. D【解析】人生是短暂的,不要使自己沉湎于不开心的事情中。 abandon oneself to sth.陷入, 沉湎于(某种情感)。 语法填空 41. it 42. easier 43. Caring 44. physically 45.to feel 46.arguments 47. that 48. to 49.is 50.that/which 短文改错 1. buy-→bought 2. 去掉 with 后的 the 3. inform you 后加 of 4. want 后的 are→is 5. large for 后的 them→me 6. That→What 7. stain→stains 8. awfully→ awful 9. putting→put 10. and→or 作文【参考范文】 Dear Jones, I’m glad to receive your letter. I’d like to tell you my opinion about the life in the future. As far as I’m concerned, in the future, man's life will be very different from what it is today. First, with the development of medicine, on average, a person will live to the age of about 120. Second, because of the discovery of new energy, the environmental pollution will be under control. Third, people’ s daily life will change greatly too. For example, robots will do all your housework for you; your chair will change its colour to match what you are wearing; you can even take a new plane into space for your holidays, where there will be no traffic accidents or pollution at all. Life in the future sounds quite comfortable. What a wonderful life it will be! Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua查看更多