【英语】_2018届二轮复习代词学案（有解析）（9页）

【英语】_2018届二轮复习代词学案（有解析）（9页）

‎2018届二轮复习　代词 一、人称代词 数、格 人称　　‎ 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it He would drown his sadness in coffee.‎ 他会借咖啡来浇愁。‎ Thank you for your letter.‎ 谢谢你的来信。‎ I bought a present for him.‎ 我给他买了件礼物。‎ 二、物主代词 词义 类别　‎ 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他们的 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs Is this your seat，sir?‎ 这是你的座位吗，先生？‎ The government has changed its policy.‎ 政府已经改变了政策。‎ This is not my dictionary.Mine is lent to Lucy.‎ 这不是我的字典，我的借给露西了。‎ This camera is mine and that is yours.‎ 这部照相机是我的，那部是你的。‎ Every person showed his ticket，and I showed mine too.‎ 每个人都出示了票，我也出示了我的。‎ 三、反身代词 人称 数　　 ‎ 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself，herself，itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词的基本用法 四、不定代词 ‎1．both，all，either，any，neither，none的区别 词义 指代　　‎ 都 任何一个 都不 两个人或物 both either neither 三个或三个以上的人或物；不可数名词 all any none ‎(2016·四川高考)Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries.‎ 在工业化国家，现在男性和女性都会活得更长。‎ ‎2．one，another，the other，some，others，the others的区别 单数 one一个 another另外一个 the other另一个 复数 some一些 others一些 the others其余 ‎①I have two books；one is English，and is French.‎ 我有两本书；一本是英语书，一本是法语书。‎ ‎②There are many books on the table：some are English；the others are French.‎ 桌子上有很多书：一些是英语书，剩下的是法语书。‎ ‎3．none，nobody/no one，nothing的区别 none 指代人或物 用来回答How many/‎ How much...？‎ 相当于not a/an/any＋名词或no＋名词 nobody (no one)‎ 指代人 用来回答Who...？‎ 相当于not anyone；not anybody nothing 指代物 用来回答What...？‎ 相当于not anything ‎—How much money do you have?‎ ‎—None.‎ ‎——你有多少钱？‎ ‎——一点也没有。‎ If I had some money，I would lend him some，but unfortunately，I have none.(none＝not any money)‎ 如果我有钱的话，我就借给他了，但遗憾的是，我没钱。‎ I wished someone could help me，but there was no one at the moment.(no one＝not anyone)‎ 我希望当时有人能帮我，但当时没有人。‎ ‎4．many，much，few，little，a few，a little的区别 词义 指代　　　　‎ 多 少 复数名词 many few 不可数名词 much little 词义 指代　　　　‎ ‎(有)一些 几乎没有 复数名词 a few few 不可数名词 a little little 注意：only a few＝few；only a little＝little；quite a few＝many；quite a ‎ little＝much。‎ ‎(2016·浙江高考)A scientist working at her lab bench and a sixmonthold baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.‎ 一位在她的实验台工作的科学家和一个六个月大的玩弄食物的孩子似乎没有共同之处。‎ ‎5．one，ones，the one，the ones，that，those的区别 one 替代a/an＋单数名词 ones 替代零冠词＋复数名词 the one 替代the＋单数名词 the ones 替代the＋复数名词 that 替代the＋单数名词或不可数名词(尤其是有后置定语时)‎ those 替代the＋复数名词(尤其是有后置定语时)‎ We have various summer camps for your holidays.You can choose one (＝a summer camp)based on your own interests.‎ 我们为您的假期提供了各种各样的夏令营，您可以根据自己的兴趣选择一种。(one代替“a/an＋单数名词”)‎ 核心考点针对练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·东营一模) is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system.‎ ‎2．(2017·青岛一模)My feet had hardly touched the sandy bottom when the two men jumped down，one on each side of (I)．‎ ‎3．(2017·资阳一诊) wasn't until two days ago that Dad allowed me to ‎ drive on the motorway.‎ ‎4．(2017·汕头二模)This is 18yearold Musa Bockarie's story about how first aid saved (he) life.‎ ‎5．(2017·青岛检测)In the winter of 1891，a certain college was having some trouble with (it)boy students.‎ ‎6．(2017·济南模拟)When he was 30，back in 1953，he was working a research assistant in the university. 【导学号：11470166】‎ ‎7．(2017·资阳一诊)“Speed up.70 kph isn't fast enough.You are holding up traffic，”ordered another voice from the seat next me.‎ ‎8．(2017·青岛模拟)The game was played two teams.‎ ‎9．(2017·河南中原名校模拟)I sat on the side of the stage， my script open on a music stand in front of me.‎ ‎10．(2017·安庆模拟)Even though our eyes are closed，they move rapidly from side side.‎ ‎【答案】　‎ ‎1．It　[句意：人们普遍认为，在我们的教育体制里，有比较贫困的社会经济背景的年轻人往往会表现不佳。it作形式主语，“that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system”为主语从句，是真正的主语。]‎ ‎2．me　[句意：我的双脚刚接触到沙质底部，这时那两个人就跳了下来，我左右两侧各有一个人。介词后需用代词宾格形式，故答案为me。]‎ ‎3．It　[句意：直到两天前父亲才允许我驾车上高速公路。“It is/was not until...that...”为“not...until...”句型的强调句形式。]‎ ‎4．his　[句意：这是关于急救如何挽救了18岁的Musa Bockarie生命的故事。设空处需用形容词性物主代词作名词life的定语。]‎ ‎5．its　[句意：在1891年冬季，某所大学在处理该校男生问题方面出现了困难。设空处用its相当于the college's。]‎ ‎6．as　[句意：早在1953年，当时他30岁，他在那所大学里当了一名研究助理。work as从事……工作。]‎ ‎7．to　[句意：“加快速度。每小时70千米还不够快。你正在造成交通阻塞。”从我旁边座位那里发出的另一个声音命令道。next to意为“挨着”。]‎ ‎8．between　[句意：比赛在两支队伍间进行。between两者之间。]‎ ‎9．with　[句意：我坐在舞台的一侧，我的剧本打开着，放在我前面的乐谱架上。with的复合结构作状语。]‎ ‎10．to　[句意：尽管我们眼睛紧闭，但它们(眼球)从一侧到另一侧迅速转动。from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。]‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2017·龙岩3月质检)I was so stubborn that I wouldn't say sorry to him，believing he had done nothing wrong.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2．(2017·焦作一模)When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard work，they looked a little surprised at first.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3．(2017·湖北七市3月联考)Our parents check our bags to make it sure we're not getting into trouble.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4．(2017·邯郸一模)On the first day，we got up early to attend to the flagraising ceremony.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5．(2017·中原名校联盟4月仿真)Today，she lives thousands of miles away from me，but she sometimes emails with me about the books she is reading.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案】　‎ ‎1．he→I　[句意：我如此固执以至于我相信我做的没有错，不愿意向他道歉。根据上下文逻辑可知需将he改为I。] ‎ ‎2．us→our　[句意：当我们将热粥递给清洁工并表达我们对他们的艰苦工作的感激时，他们一开始显得有点惊奇。名词appreciation前需用形容词性物主代词，故将us改为our。] ‎ ‎3．去掉it　[句意：我们的父母检查我们的书包以确保我们不会遇到麻烦。make sure为固定短语，不必在make和sure之间加it。] ‎ ‎4．去掉第二个to　[句意：第一天我们很早地起床以便参加升旗仪式。attend作“出席”讲时为及物动词，不必与介词to连用。] ‎ ‎5．去掉with　[句意：现在她生活在离我几千英里之外，但是她有时候会给我发电子邮件谈论她正读的图书。email作动词时，为及物动词，不必与介词with连用。] ‎ 高考题型综合练 Ⅰ.语法填空 George Washington was the first President of the United States of America.His first term 1 president was from 1789 to 1793 and his second term from 1793 to 1797. 2 he became president，he played important roles in the army， 3 (lead)the American Continental Army to victory over the British in 1783.Washington is often seen as the father of the United States and is probably the best 4 (know)American politician ever.‎ The likeness and the name of George Washington can still be seen in many places.There is the portrait of 5 (he)and three other American presidents carved ‎ into Mount Rushmore National Memorial.His image is also used on 6 onedollar bill and the quarterdollar coin.At least three universities 7 (name)after him.‎ Washington's Birthday was first celebrated as a holiday in Columbia in 1880.It was made a federal holiday in 1885.The holiday was 8 (original)held on the anniversary of Washington's birth，on February 22.In 1971，this holiday was moved to the 9 (three)Monday in February.‎ This holiday is legally designated as “Washington's Birthday”．Though other institutions such as local governments and private 10 (business)may use other names，it is the federal government's policy to always refer to holidays by the names designated in the law.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　乔治·华盛顿是美国历史上第一位总统，也是刻入拉什莫尔山国家纪念公园的四位伟大总统之一。美国人民非常崇拜华盛顿，将他的诞辰纪念日定于二月份的第三个星期一。‎ ‎1．as　[考查介词。根据上下文语境分析，此处表示作为总统的第一个任期是从1789年到1793年，第二个任期是从1793年到1797年。as“当作，作为”。]‎ ‎2．Before　[考查连词。根据语境可分析，他在当总统之前，在军队中起着重要作用。故需填入从属连词before。]‎ ‎3．leading　[考查非谓语动词。此处表示他在军中担任要职，他领导的美国大陆军于1783年战胜英军。主语he与动词lead之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。]‎ ‎4．known　[考查形容词。由语境和句式结构分析，空格处缺少形容词，表示“知名的”。结合提示词可知应填known。此处表示华盛顿通常被看作美国之父，他也可能是美国最著名的政治家。]‎ ‎5．him　[考查代词。根据语境分析，介词of缺少宾语，且此处指代华盛顿，故用him。]‎ ‎6．the　[考查冠词。由下文的“the quarterdollar coin”可判断，此处为特指，‎ 即特指华盛顿的头像印在the onedollar bill上。]‎ ‎7．are named　[考查动词时态、语态。本段的主体时态为一般现在时，且此处没有明确的表示其他时态的时间状语，由此可分析，此处应用一般现在时，而句中的主语“three universities”与动词name之间存在动宾关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，即are named。]‎ ‎8．originally　[考查词形转换。根据句子结构分析，此处的一般过去时的被动语态was held缺少副词修饰，故该填入形容词original的副词形式，即originally。]‎ ‎9．third　[考查序数词。根据语境和上文的定冠词the可判断出，此处该填入基数词three的序数词，即third。在1971年，这一节日被移到了二月的第三个星期一。]‎ ‎10．businesses　[考查名词单复数。根据文中的关键信息“other institutions...local governments”可判断出，此处应用名词的复数形式businesses，表示多家私人企业。] ‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎ Dear Li Hua，‎ Thank you for trusting me and told me your anxiety and puzzle before taking exams.Actually，it's a common experience for students in Senior 3.Please take thing easy and the following tips might be helpful.‎ First，talking to friends that you trust might make yourself feel better.You may find that you had similar feelings.Another effectively way to relax is to do sports regularly，which may benefit for you both physically and mentally.If you do so，you will full of energy when studying.Besides，after class，you can go out of the classroom to have a walk or listen to some music to get refreshing.‎ At last，remind yourself now or then that you can make it when you feel discouraged.I believe you can achieve your dream with your hard works!‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　Yours，‎ ‎ Zhang Ming ‎【答案】　‎ Dear Li Hua，‎ Thank you for trusting me and me your anxiety and puzzle before taking exams.Actually，it's a common experience for students in Senior 3.Please take easy and the following tips might be helpful.‎ First，talking to friends that you trust might make feel better.You may find that you similar feelings.Another way to relax is to do sports regularly，which may benefit you both physically and mentally.If you do so，you will full of energy when studying.Besides，after class，you can go out of the classroom to have a walk or listen to some music to get .‎ At last，remind yourself now then that you can make it when you feel discouraged.I believe you can achieve your dream with your hard ！‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Yours，‎ ‎ Zhang Ming