【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解板块限时练学案(五)

【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解板块限时练学案(五)

‎2020届二轮复习 阅读理解板块限时练学案(五)‎ ‎(限时35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·郑州第二次质量预测)‎ There are campus museums all over China that offer various collections and make for eyeopening visits.‎ Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University Admission: free Opening hours：Tuesday and Saturday, 9：00 am－ 12：00 pm Highlights：Included among the more than 300 historic aircraft and space artifacts (手工艺品) are one of the two Northrop P61 Black Widows in the world and China's first light airliner, Beijing 1.‎ Fudan University Museum Admission: free Opening hours: Tuesday to Friday, 9：00 am － 11：30 am and 1：30 pm － 4：30 pm Highlights：A unique collection of native artifacts. Some of them, such as pearl vests, are rarely seen.‎ China Ichthyic (类鱼的) Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University Admission: 10 yuan Opening hours: Monday to Friday, 9：00 am － 11：30 am and 1：30 pm － 4：00 pm Highlights：In this collection of more than 40，000 specimens of about 3，000 oceandwelling species, the most eyecatching one is an 18.4meterlong sperm whale skeleton.‎ Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences Admission: 40 yuan; half price for students Opening hours: Monday to Friday, 8：30 am － 12：00 pm and 2：30 pm－5：00 pm；weekends and holidays, 9：00 am－4：30 pm Highlights: It houses a collection of more than 30，000 mineral and rock specimens, more than 2，000 of which are rare ones like the museum's wellknown dinosaur fossils.‎ China Academy Museum at Hunan University Admission: 50 yuan Opening hours: Monday to Sunday, 8：00 am － 6：30 pm in summer and 8：30 am－6：00 pm in winter Highlights: China's only museum to feature the history of academies and cultural education in the country.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了中国的几个大学博物馆。‎ ‎1．Which museum will you choose if you're interested in sea species?‎ A．China Academy Museum at Hunan University.‎ B．Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences.‎ C．Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University.‎ D．China Ichthyic (类鱼的) Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据China Ichthyic (类鱼的) Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University部分中的“Highlights: In this collection of more than 40，000 specimens of about 3，000 oceandwelling species, the most eyecatching one is an 18.4meterlong sperm whale skeleton.”，并结合题干可知，对海洋物种感兴趣的人可以参观上海海洋大学的中国类鱼文化博物馆。‎ ‎2．What can you see in Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences?‎ A．Space artifacts. B．Dinosaur fossils.‎ C．Native artifacts. D．Sperm whale skeletons.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences部分中的“Highlights: It houses a collection of more than 30，000 mineral and rock specimens, more than 2，000 of which are rare ones like the museum's wellknown dinosaur fossils.”，并结合题干可知，在中国地质大学的逸夫博物馆里可以看到恐龙化石。‎ ‎3．When can you go to China Academy Museum at Hunan ‎ University?‎ A．On Tuesday 6：00 pm in winter.‎ B．On Saturday 8：00 am in winter.‎ C．On Sunday 6：30 pm in summer.‎ D．On Wednesday 8：00 am in summer.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据China Academy Museum at Hunan University部分中的“Opening hours: Monday to Sunday, 8：00 am － 6：30 pm in summer and 8：30 am－ 6：00 pm in winter”，并结合选项可知，应选D项。‎ B ‎(2019·郑州高三第一次质量预测)My son Sam is 16 and autistic (自闭症的). There's a lot going on in that beautiful and brilliant mind of his, but even on a good day he can be easily at a loss. Throw in some diagnosed anxiety, an inability to read social cues (提示) and an unexpected change to his daily routine, and you have the way to deal with a very public breakdown (精神崩溃)．‎ It was Sam's very first day at high school. We'd set up a plan for how he'd get home: I'd pick him up outside the shop near his school at 3：30 pm and I believed this was a perfect plan. Unknown to me, very bad weather was on its way and I was unable to warn him to take shelter.‎ With the combination of his dead phone battery and my dead ‎ car battery, I was running late and unable to communicate that to him. As a result, he was left alone and extremely frightened. He became very upset outside the shop, exactly where I'd told him to wait.‎ This was when a beautiful older Vietnamese lady not only went to check_on him, but took him inside her shop, calmed him down, got my phone number from him and called me.‎ Five years later he continued to go into her shop every afternoon, bought a drink, had a chat and she sent him home with enough bread and rolls to feed a small nation.‎ Sam will graduate this year, and I'm increasingly feeling the need to drop by the shop to let this wonderful lady know that she has saved Sam, and that she has saved me. I'm not sure if I can communicate all of this, but at least I will get to thank her.‎ There are people I will not get to thank, though — the many kind strangers who have been there for Sam. And believe me, if you're wondering if this world is a complete mess right now, I'm here to say that it is not.‎ So I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodness of your heart. Please know you are appreciated, and that your beautiful heart and kindness are appreciated, and perhaps unknowingly, you have made a great ‎ difference in someone's life.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者患有自闭症的儿子在生活中得到诸多陌生好心人的帮助，作者以此向人们表达真诚感谢。‎ ‎4．What can we learn about Sam from the first paragraph?‎ A．He is rather slow with his studies.‎ B．He can deal with sudden changes well.‎ C．He has difficulty in dealing with things.‎ D．He tries hard to learn how to read social cues.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Throw in some diagnosed anxiety, an inability to read social cues (提示) and an unexpected change to his daily routine, and you have the way to deal with a very public breakdown (精神崩溃)．”可知，萨姆应对日常生活有困难，故选C。‎ ‎5．The underlined part “check on” in paragraph 4 probably means “________”．‎ A．discover B．visit C．recognize D．examine 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据前三段的内容可知，萨姆患有自闭症，并结合第四段可知，商店的主人，一个越南的老太太出来看了看萨姆，然后把他带到商店里，使他镇静下来，并和作者取得了联系，由此可推知，画线部分意为“查看”，与D项意思相近，故选D。‎ ‎6．What happened to Sam after his first day at high school?‎ A．He could get on well with his classmates.‎ B．He made good friends with the nice lady.‎ C．He brought the lady some food to thank her.‎ D．He became willing to communicate with others.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，萨姆在受到商店老太太的帮助之后经常会去商店里与她交流，由此可推知，他和老太太成了好朋友，故选B。‎ ‎7．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?‎ A．To express her thanks to kind people.‎ B．To remind us all to help autistic people.‎ C．To show how difficult life is for autistic people.‎ D．To tell us how to make a difference in others' lives.‎ 解析：选A　写作意图题。根据最后一段第一句“So I guess this is a love letter to those of you who have helped a stranger out of the goodness of your heart.”，并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，作者写本文的目的是感谢那些曾经帮助过陌生人的好心人，故选A。‎ C ‎(2019·山西太原五中阶段检测)The Arctic Circle — the habitat of polar bears and decreasing sea ice at the top of the world — hit 32 degrees Celsius last week.‎ This was the temperature in Banak, Norway on July 30, though ‎ some Norwegian areas even reached a couple degrees warmer, according to the European Severe Weather Database. Banak sits atop northern Europe, over 350 miles above the bottom edge of the Arctic Circle.‎ The Northern Hemisphere and Europe itself have been repeatedly scorched by both record and nearrecord temperatures this summer as a consequence of overall rising global temperatures.‎ In the past 40 years, Earth's climate has experienced an accelerated warming trend, which adds an extra level of background warming to hot spells — making heatwaves more extreme, climate scientists have said.‎ A photo of what appears to be Scandinavian folks taking a dip in a river while reindeer — the coldadapted herbivores (食草动物) — cooled off in the water beside them is perhaps the best example of just how hot it is in parts of the Arctic Circle right now.‎ The “warm season” in Banak is short, lasting around three months, but the very warmest day of the year, around July 23, is usually around 62 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏度) — about 30 degrees cooler than temperatures there now. Overall, temperatures in northern Europe are between 14 to 21 degrees Fahrenheit, －10‎ ‎ to－6 degrees Celsius above average.‎ Alltime temperature records were set in both Norway and Finland on July 30, including 86 degrees Fahrenheit, 30 degrees Celsius, in Cape Verde, near Banak, though extreme or nearrecord temperatures blanketed the region.‎ Persistent heat and dryness this summer have transformed normally green European countries into brown and yellow lands, and the continent's extreme heat is expected to persist.‎ Andrew Derocher, a professor at the University of Alberta who studies polar bears, said climate change is shrinking the ice bears usually hunt on, making them faced with the danger of extinction.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。由于全球变暖的速度不断加快，作为北极熊栖息地的北极圈现在也面临着温度升高的状况。这样的环境变化对于北极熊的生存是很大的威胁。‎ ‎8．Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “scorched” in paragraph 3?‎ A．Burned. B．Achieved.‎ C．Scored. D．Reached.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第三段“The Northern Hemisphere and Europe itself have been repeatedly scorched by both record and nearrecord temperatures ...”‎ 可知，今年夏天，由于全球气温总体上升，北半球和欧洲自身不断受到创纪录和接近创纪录气温的炙烤。因此，画线词的意思是“烧伤；烧焦”。故选A项。‎ ‎9．What does the photo show according to the author?‎ A．Scandinavian folks like to swim in a river.‎ B．Reindeer have adapted to the cold climate.‎ C．The ice there has totally been melted into water.‎ D．The temperature of the Arctic Circle now is high.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段“A photo of what appears to be Scandinavian folks taking a dip in a river ... is in parts of the Arctic Circle right now.”可知，喜冷的食草动物在水里凉快，证明了北极圈开始变热。因此，这张照片表明现在北极圈的温度很高。故选D项。‎ ‎10．What can you learn from Professor Derocher's words?‎ A．Maybe bears will die out in the near future.‎ B．Climate change is threatening polar bears.‎ C．He is worried about the shrinking of the sea ice.‎ D．He advises people to do something to improve the condition.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Andrew Derocher ... said climate change is shrinking the ice bears usually hunt on, making them faced with the danger of extinction.”可知，气候变暖使得北极熊赖以生存的冰面减少，致使北极熊面临灭绝的危险。因此，从德罗彻教授的话中可以得知气候变化正威胁着北极熊(的生命安全)。故选B项。‎ ‎11．Where may you find this article?‎ A．In a fashion magazine.‎ B．In a news report.‎ C．In a geography textbook.‎ D．In a travel handbook.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段“The Arctic Circle — the habitat of polar bears and decreasing sea ice at the top of the world — hit 32 degrees Celsius last week.”可知，这篇文章是报道上周北极圈温度达到32摄氏度的新闻。因此，本文不可能出现在时尚杂志、地理教科书或旅游手册中，它最有可能出现在新闻报道中。故选B项。‎ D ‎(2019·合肥市第一次质量检测)Have you ever heard of agritourism where you can experience the farm life? If not, Dr. Cindy AyersElliott will tell you the real story of Foot Print Farms.‎ The original concept of building Foot Print Farms was simple. When AyersElliott returned to her hometown after graduation, she didn't have to look any further than her state's alarming health statistics to find a mission. Everywhere she turned, there were reports of high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity and heart disease. “The problem was already identified，” explains AyersElliott. “Too many Mississippians were seriously unhealthy ‎ and it didn't take research to see that. And many of the state's greatest health challenges could directly result from poor diet.”‎ These days, Foot Print Farms, which started with a few raised beds of herbs and vegetables, is making fresh, naturally grown food. “When speaking of the key to my success, the coop model works because we share the work and rewards，” notes AyersElliott. “A perfect example is the Wingfield High School football team. To earn the money for equipment and other items, players committed to working five hours a week on the farm, and by the end of the summer they produced 1，000 melons and the profits from their sales helped to buy weights, Tshirts, sweat suits and pregame meals. But the lessons they learned about the rewards of hard work and working together to accomplish something were even more valuable products of their efforts.”‎ ‎ “It's a model that can easily be learned in other places and I'm looking forward to seeing some of our current partners do just that — to take what they have learned here and spin it off in other communities，” AyersElliott remarks. She is now looking forward to developing an agritourism area to the farm, where visitors can experience the farm life, learn new skills and take with them seeds of inspiration they can sow in their own communities when they return home.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个农业旅游基地Foot Print Farms建立的原因及其发展情况。‎ ‎12．What made AyersElliott set up Foot Print Farms?‎ A．The problems faced by local farmers.‎ B．Her further research into heart disease.‎ C．The failure of her career after graduation.‎ D．The health state of people in her hometown.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。文章第二段提到AyersElliott毕业后回到家乡，看到到处有高血压、糖尿病、肥胖症和心脏病的报道，而且很多人身体严重不健康，却没有人对此进行研究，并且这里人们的很多健康挑战都来源于不良饮食，因此她决定建立Foot Print Farms。‎ ‎13．Why does the author take the football team as an example?‎ A．To advocate the concept of independence.‎ B．To stress the importance of teamwork.‎ C．To support the idea of coop model.‎ D．To explore the key to success.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。文章第三段第二句AyersElliott谈到了其成功的关键在于合作社模式，他们共同工作，共享回报；紧接着举Wingfield High School football team的例子正是为了支持这一观点，故选C。‎ ‎14．What is AyersElliott's attitude towards the future of Foot Print Farms?‎ A．Optimistic. B．Skeptical.‎ C．Cautious. D．Ambiguous.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。文章最后一段中的“I'm looking forward to ... and spin it off in other communities”和“She is now looking forward to ... they can sow in their own communities when they return home.”可知，AyersElliott对Food Print Farms的发展充满期待。由此可推知，她对Foot Print Farms的未来持乐观的态度。‎ ‎15．What is the main idea of the text?‎ A．Naturally grown food benefits people's health.‎ B．Food Print Farms is making a difference in Mississippi.‎ C．AyersElliott encourages people to experience the farm life.‎ D．Agritourism is becoming increasingly popular in America.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Foot Print Farms的情况——生产新鲜、自然生长的食物，采用合作社模式，这对改善AyersElliott家乡当地人的饮食有很大作用，故选B。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·东北三省四市二模)Nowadays along with the booming of computer science, computers are widely used here and there. People even can find computers in most classrooms. While teachers remain more or less the same, computers are doubling in speed and capability every four years. __16__ As far as I am concerned, teachers still play a major role and are still of great importance.‎ ‎__17__ However advanced they may be, computers are nothing more than human inventions programmed to perform certain tasks.‎ They are unable to deal with students with different backgrounds. Needless to say, a classroom is a place where individual attention and creativity matter most. Therefore, computers are no better than other tools used by teachers and couldn't possibly make the roles played by them weaker.‎ In terms of accuracy and the amount of information, computers outshine humans. __18__ Indeed, a good teacher organizes and inspires the students.‎ Besides, the interaction between students and teachers is vital for the learning. According to attitude, to respond to and encourage them whenever they show signs of frustration and impatience.__19__‎ Despite the increasing presence of computers inside classrooms, teachers are just as essential, if not more so, as instructors were in the past.__20__‎ A．It's time that teachers should develop themselves.‎ B．Without this kind of interaction, education is unimaginable.‎ C．Advanced as computers may be, some teachers are less important.‎ D．But to make a good teacher means far more than being an encyclopedia (百科全书)．‎ E．People can't help wondering whether teachers are as important as they once were.‎ F．Some drawbacks make it impossible for computers to replace teachers in classrooms.‎ G．It is well known that computers are better at repetitive work but incapable of creative thinking.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。随着计算机科学的发展，电脑越来越多地被应用到课堂教学中。电脑虽然擅长重复工作，但是没有创造能力。老师的地位仍然和从前一样，是课堂教学的组织者和指导者。‎ ‎16．选E　空处承上启下，根据前一句可知，尽管老师几乎没有变化，但是电脑的运行速度和容量每四年就达双倍；根据后一句可知，至少我认为老师的作用仍然很重要；据此可推知，空处表示人们会对教师是否如先前一样重要产生怀疑，故E项符合语境。‎ ‎17．选G　根据空后一句可知，尽管电脑可能很先进，但是它们只是人们的发明，用来完成一些特定的任务；据此可知，空处应是介绍电脑的特点，即电脑擅长处理重复性的工作，但是没有创造性思维，故G项正确。‎ ‎18．选D　根据空后一句可知，一位优秀的老师应当能组织和鼓励学生；据此可推知，空处应是介绍对优秀老师的标准的论述，即好老师不仅仅是百科全书，故D项正确。‎ ‎19．‎ 选B　由前一句可知，老师应当观察学生态度的改变，当他们表现出没有耐心或沮丧的迹象时应当及时回应并鼓励他们，即该处陈述的是师生之间的互动；据此可知，空处应当陈述这种师生互动的重要性，故B项正确。‎ ‎20．选F　根据前一句可知，尽管电脑在课堂上被推广使用，但是老师的地位仍然和以前一样重要；据此可知，空处与此对应，总结全文，说明电脑的缺陷使得电脑不可能在课堂上取代老师，故F项正确。‎ ‎[读写一体超值训练] 读后语基练习——复现考纲词汇，增分书面表达 一、语篇复现词汇——让你用对写美 ‎1．(2019·北京高考)No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various (vary) activities on Earth Day.‎ ‎2．(2017·北京高考)The national park has a large collection (collect) of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.‎ ‎3．After completing the online admission_(admit) process, I took a deep breath and dreamed about my dream college.‎ ‎4．(2017·北京高考书面表达)Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly recommended (recommend)．‎ ‎5．As is known to us, it's a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful(stress) society.‎ ‎6．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence(independent), giving them the freedom to get out ‎ and about (能够外出走动)without having to rely on others.‎ ‎7．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)It's no secret that China has always been a source of inspiration (inspire) for designers.‎ ‎8．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural (nature) world and healing (治愈)．‎ ‎9．Several hours later，with the aid of the police，the tourists manage to escape from the dangerous place，frightened (frighten)．‎ ‎10．Though injured seriously(serious), he tried to cheer up, hoping to make his parents less worried.‎ ‎11．Smartphones not only take up our valuable (value) time，but also do great harm to our health.‎ ‎12．A proper hobby does not occupy students' too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy (health) for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”‎ 二、语篇复现短语——让你用活写靓 A．英汉互译 ‎1．calm sb. down 使某人冷静 ‎2．the key to _……的关键 ‎3．be set in 以……为背景 ‎4．result from 因……而起 ‎5．因此 as_a_consequence ‎6．集中精力于 concentrate_on ‎7．不知所措 _at_a_loss_‎ ‎8．建立 _set_up B．运用上述短语完成句子 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Besides, our school_set_up a volleyball team and a basketball team. Both teams train for two hours a day regularly and participate in competitions.‎ ‎2．Faced with so many new things to learn, I was at_a_loss what to do.‎ ‎3．These activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard to calm_them_down and sleep.‎ ‎4．The_key_to_becoming a journalist is work experience, perseverance and creative thinking.‎ ‎5．There have been so many conflicts in the world recently. As_a_consequence,_people are concerned about the world peace.‎ ‎6．As we all know, success lies in hard work while failure results_from laziness.‎ ‎7．Playing computer games can give us some relaxation after school, but as students we must concentrate_on_our study.‎ ‎8．The book_set_in a large modern city will be published, which tells of life on a lonely farm.‎ 三、语篇择句仿写——让你译准写高 ‎1．It houses a collection of more than 30，000 mineral and rock specimens, more than 2，000 of which are rare ones like the museum's wellknown dinosaur fossils.‎ ‎[句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作of的宾语，指代先行词more than 30，000 mineral and rock specimens。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　它存放了3万多个矿物和岩石标本，其中2千多个是稀有标本，如博物馆中著名的恐龙化石。‎ ‎[佳句仿写]　在中国最重要的节日之一，中秋节，全家聚在一起吃月饼赏月，月饼和满月象征阖家幸福。‎ On the MidAutumn Festival，one of the most important festivals in China，family members will gather together to enjoy moon cakes as well as admire the round moon，both_of_which_represent the unity and happiness of a family.‎ ‎2．She is now looking forward to developing an agritourism area to the farm, where visitors can experience the farm life, learn new skills and take with them seeds of inspiration they can sow in their own communities when they return home.‎ ‎[句式分析]　这是一个主从复合句。where引导非限制性定语从句，and在此定语从句中连接三个并列的谓语；they can sow in their own communities when they return home是省略了that的定语从句，其中when引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　她现在正期待着为农场开发一个农业旅游区域，在那里游客可以体验农场生活，学习新技能，并带走他们回家后可以在自己社区播种的灵感种子。‎ ‎[佳句仿写]　①首先，我一直参加英语角，在那里我经常和其他人交流学习英语的经验，这开阔了我的视野，提高了我对英语的兴趣。‎ Firstly, I always take part in the English Corner_where_I_often_exchange_my_ English_‎ study_experience_with_others,_which broadens my horizons and improves my interest in English.‎ ‎②上网会给我们带来很多快乐，同时也教会我们许多知识，但在这方面花太多时间又会伤害我们的眼睛，使我们感到疲劳。因此在工作之余我们应该偶尔锻炼一下身体。‎ Surfing the Internet can bring us a lot of pleasure and teach us a lot of knowledge, but spending too much time on it may do harm to our eyes and make us tired. So we should do sports at times when_we_are_free_from_work．‎