【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题非谓语动词学案（18页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题非谓语动词学案（18页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习语法专题 非谓语动词学案　‎ 一、非谓语动词作状语 ‎1．动词不定式作状语 ‎①To realize our dream, we must spare no effort to improve our environment.‎ 为了实现梦想，我们必须不遗余力地改善我们的环境。‎ ‎②George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.(山东高考单选改编)‎ 乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了他。‎ ‎③You will never know how happy I was to see her yesterday.‎ 你永远不会知道昨天看到她时，我是多么高兴。‎ ‎④This machine is very easy to operate. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.‎ 这台机器很容易操作。在几分钟内任何人都能学会使用。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ ‎1．动词不定式可以用作目的状语。注意其他非谓语动词形式不能用作目的状语。‎ ‎2．only to do sth.为不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。‎ ‎3．形容词或过去分词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语。常见词有：happy, lucky, glad, sorry, anxious, proud, disappointed, angry, surprised, ready, delighted, clever, foolish, pleased, fortunate, right等。‎ ‎4．在“主语＋系动词＋表语(形容词)＋to do”结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。该结构中常用的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, important, impossible, interesting, pleasant, nice, comfortable, safe, dangerous等。‎ ‎2．分词作状语 ‎①After supper he had nothing to do, seated in the chair, looking at the stars.‎ 晚饭之后，他无事可做，坐在椅子上看着星星。‎ ‎②Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.(江西高考单选改编)‎ 几乎把所有的钱都花完了，我们没有钱住宾馆了。‎ ‎③Having been told by his doctor that he was overweight, he's eating all the fibre and fruit he can. ‎ 被医生告知超重后，他一直拼命地吃高纤维食物和水果。‎ ‎④Separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.‎ 由于和其他大陆分离了上百万年，澳大利亚有许多在世界上其他国家没有的动植物。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ ‎1．作状语的分词要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。‎ ‎2．如句子的主语是分词动作的发出者，就用现在分词形式(doing)。‎ ‎3．若现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则用现在分词的完成形式(having doing)。‎ ‎4．若与句中主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动词动作发生，用现在分词完成式的被动形式(having been done)。‎ ‎5．如句子的主语是分词动作的承受者，则要用过去分词(done)。‎ ‎3．独立成分作状语 ‎①The idea “happiness，” to be sure, will not sit still for easy definition.(江苏高考单选改编)‎ 幸福的概念，可以肯定地说，并非一成不变，因此很难定义。‎ ‎②Generally speaking, the persons they choose to cheat are usually the old. ‎ 一般来说，他们选择欺骗的人通常是老人。‎ ‎③Considering your health, you'd better have a rest.‎ 考虑到你的健康，你最好休息一下。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ 有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：‎ generally speaking　　　　　　 一般来说 frankly speaking 坦白地说 judging from/by 根据……来判断 considering .../taking ... into consideration ‎ 考虑到……‎ to tell you the truth 说实话 to be sure 可以肯定地说 seeing 鉴于/由于……‎ supposing/assuming 假设，如果 given 考虑到，鉴于 provided (that) ... 如果……‎ 二、非谓语动词作宾语 ‎①We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.‎ 我们约好在此地见面，但是她到现在还没有露面。‎ ‎②They could not afford to spoil those maps by careless colouring.‎ 若是上色的时候不小心弄坏了那些地图，他们可承担不起。‎ ‎③What a poor memory！I forgot borrowing money from him yesterday.But today I forgot to return the money to him.‎ 多么差的记忆力！昨天我忘了向他借过钱，但今天我又忘了把钱还给他。‎ ‎④I still remember being taken to the Great Wall and what I saw there.‎ 我仍记得别人带我去过长城，并记得在那里所看到的一切。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ ‎1．下列动词只能用不定式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：‎ 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。‎ 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。‎ decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish; refuse, manage,‎ ‎ care, pretend; offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/beg, help。‎ 此外，afford, strive, happen, wait, threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。‎ ‎2．下列动词或词组只能用动名词作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：‎ 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。‎ 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。‎ 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。‎ consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy (想象，设想); avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate; forbid, imagine, risk; can't help (禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape。‎ ‎3．be used/accustomed to, lead to, devote to, go back to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, can't stand (无法忍受), give up, feel like, insist on, thank ... for, apologize for, be busy (in), have difficulty/trouble (in), have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), spend time (in)等短语和动词词组后也要用动名词作宾语。‎ ‎4．下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意：‎ forget regret try go on remember mean 三、非谓语动词作宾补 ‎①I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long. ‎ 对不起，让你久等了。‎ ‎②To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.‎ 为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地听英语。‎ ‎③Let those in need understand that we will go all out to help them.‎ 让那些需要(帮助)的人明白我们会尽全力去帮他们。‎ ‎④Upon arriving home, I was surprised to find the paper I had had prepared was missing.‎ 我一到家就惊奇地发现我事先让人准备的文件不见了。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ ‎1．感官动词(词组)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel的宾语补足语有四种形式，以see为例：‎ ‎2．使役动词make, let, have, get后加复合宾语的情况：‎ ‎ [点津]　have 还可用于have sth.to do/to be done结构，该结构中have作“有”讲，不定式作定语。‎ ‎⑤I have a lot of readings to complete before the end of this term.‎ 这个学期结束前，我有很多阅读要完成。‎ 四、非谓语动词作定语 ‎①Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail waiting for her.(辽宁高考单选改编)‎ 劳拉去巴黎待了一周多的时间。当她返回家的时候，有一大堆邮件等着她(处理)。‎ ‎②As is reported, a rebuilding project, announced cancelled two years ago, restarted after carefully being studied.‎ 据报道，一个两年前被取消的重建计划，在经过认真研究之后，重新启动了。‎ ‎③His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.‎ 他下月将要出版的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为依据写的。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ ‎1．现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主动关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。‎ ‎2．过去分词(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系，表示该动作的被动和完成。‎ ‎3．不定式作定语表示未做的事情。‎ ‎ [点津]　表示心理状态的动词ing形式，意为“令人……的”；动词ed形式，意为“(人)感到……的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的look, expression, tears, smile, voice等名词。‎ 五、非谓语动词作主语和表语 ‎①Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.(浙江高考单选改编)‎ 聆听别人对你刚才所读的书的反应会增加额外的乐趣。‎ ‎②It is no use crying over spilt milk.‎ 覆水难收。(动名词短语作主语，it作形式主语)‎ ‎③It's a great pleasure to talk with you.‎ 和你交谈是一种很大的乐趣。‎ ‎④My dream is to enter Beijing University.‎ 我的梦想是考入北京大学。‎ ‎⑤My job is teaching you English.‎ 我的工作是教你们英语。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ ‎1．不定式、动名词都可作主语，但动名词作主语多指抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是多次的、经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。‎ ‎2．下列句型中常用动名词作主语：‎ It is/was＋＋doing ...‎ ‎3．动名词作表语时，说明主语的性质或特征；不定式作表语时，说明主语尚未发生的动作，或表示将来的动作。‎ 六、with复合结构 ‎①With so many children waiting for me I had to go to school in a rush.‎ 有那么多孩子等着我，我必须快速赶往学校。‎ ‎②With the problem solved, the quality has been improved.‎ 问题解决了，质量也提高了。‎ ‎③With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops.‎ 由于所有的工作都是由机器来完成，他们将很快收完庄稼。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ with复合结构常用形式：‎ with 七、独立主格结构 ‎①Many trees to be planted, our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful. ‎ 种上许多的树后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。‎ ‎②Weather permitting, we shall play the match tomorrow. ‎ 如果天气好，我们明天就进行比赛。‎ ‎③Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, all his attention ‎ fixed upon it.‎ 吉姆专心致志地听着讲座，所有注意力都集中在上面了。‎ ‎④He came out of the library, (with) a large book under his arm.‎ 他夹着一大本书，走出了图书馆。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ 独立主格结构的构成形式：‎ 名词或代词＋ ‎[点津]　独立主格结构从语法上来讲不是句子，在句中通常作状语。具有以下特点：‎ ‎1．独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，不指同一个人或同一事物；‎ ‎2．独立主格结构一般置于句首，有时也置于句中或句末。‎ 常考点一：非谓语动词作状语 ‎1．(2017·北京高考)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ________ their valuable time.‎ A．save　　　　　　　　　　 B．saving C．to save D．saved 解析：选C　句意：现在很多航空公司允许乘客在网上打印登机牌以节约他们的宝贵时间。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空格处用动词不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎2．(2017·天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated.‎ A．being allowed B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed 解析：选B　句意：这家医院最近得到新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能够得到治疗。本空应用非谓语动词；动词allow与其逻辑主语(前面的整个句子)之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词作结果状语。‎ ‎3．(2016·北京高考)________ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.‎ A．Ordering B．To order C．Having ordered D．Ordered 解析：选D　句意：这些书一周之前就订好了，所以随时都有可能会到。因为“the books”与“order”之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，表示时间。‎ ‎4．(2016·天津高考)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, ________ air conditioning unnecessary.‎ A．making B．to make C．made D．being made 解析：选A　句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但表示意料之外的结果。故选A。‎ ‎5．(2016·浙江高考)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do ________ with students.‎ A．working B．work C．to work D．worked 解析：选A　句意：我在海上航行和现在跟学生一起学习一样快乐。as I do working with students引导的是方式状语从句，其中do是代动词，相当于had fun。working with students 与sailing the seas是并列关系，同属于分词短语作状语。‎ 常考点二： 非谓语动词作定语 ‎6．(2017·江苏高考)Many Chinese brands, ________ their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market.‎ A．having developed B．being developed C．developed D．developing 解析：选A　句意：很多享有几百年盛誉的中国品牌，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。此处是现在分词的完成时作后置定语，修饰Many Chinese brands。因为Many Chinese brands和develop之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，并且develop这一动作发生在谓语are facing之前，所以用现在分词的完成形式。‎ ‎7．(2017·北京高考)Jim has retired, but he still remembers the ‎ happy time ________ with his students.‎ A．to spend B．spend C．spending D．spent 解析：选D　句意：吉姆已经退休了，但他仍然记得与学生们一起度过的快乐时光。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，the happy time与spend之间是被动关系，且此处表示一个已完成的动作，所以用过去分词短语作定语。‎ ‎8．(2017·天津高考)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________.‎ A．catching B．caught C．to catch D．to be caught 解析：选C　句意：开会期间我一直在看表，因为我要赶火车。本空所在部分用了have sth. to do结构表示“有某事要做”，因此这里用动词不定式作定语修饰“a train”。‎ ‎9．(2017·北京高考)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________ from butterflies to elephants.‎ A．ranging B．range C．to range D．ranged 解析：选A　句意：国家公园里有大量的小至蝴蝶，大到大象的野生动物。range意为“包括(各种不同的事物)”和wildlife是主谓关系，应该使用现在分词形式作定语，相当于定语从句that/which ranges from butterflies to elephants。‎ ‎10．(2016·江苏高考)In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work.‎ A．to hide B．hidden C．hiding D．being hidden 解析：选B　句意：评论艺术的时候，你必须假定艺术作品里面隐含了某一个的信息。a secret message与hide之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词短语在句中作定语。特别提醒：选项D虽然也表示被动，但却含有“正在发生”的含义，所以不符合语境。‎ ‎11．(2016·浙江高考)To return to the problem of water pollution,‎ ‎ I'd like you to look at a study ________ in Australia in 2012.‎ A．having conducted B．to be conducted C．conducting D．conducted 解析：选D　句意：回到水污染的问题上来，我想要你看一下2012年在澳大利亚做的一个研究。a study与conduct之间是被动关系，而且发生在过去，所以用过去分词作定语。‎ 常考点三：非谓语动词作宾语 ‎12．(陕西高考)It's quite hot today.Do you feel like ________ for a swim?‎ A．to go B．going C．go D．having gone 解析：选B　句意：今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗？feel like意思是“想要，意欲”，其后要用动词的ing形式作宾语。故答案为B。‎ ‎13．(安徽高考)I remembered ________ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.‎ A．locking B．to lock C．having locked D．to have locked 解析：选B　句意：我离开办公室之前记得锁门却忘记关灯了。remember to do sth.表示“记得要做某事”，与后半句中的“forgot to ...”相对应。‎ ‎14．(2018·江苏省启东中学高三月考)In a diverse society, one would expect ________ multiple interpretations of rights.‎ A．it being B．it to be C．there being D．there to be 解析：选D　句意：就一个多元社会而言，对这些权利有多种多样的解释不足为奇。expect sb./sth. to do sth.“期望/预料某人做某事”是习惯用法。此处不定式短语在句中作宾语。‎ ‎15．I didn't mean ________ anything, but these apples looked so good that I couldn't resist ________ one.‎ A．to eat; trying B．to eat; to trying C．eating; to try D．eating; to trying 解析：选A　句意：我不打算吃东西，但是这些苹果看起来不错，我忍不住吃了一个。第一空mean to do sth.“打算/想要做某事”；第二空couldn't resist doing sth.＝couldn't help doing sth.“忍不住要做某事”。‎ 常考点四：非谓语动词作主语、表语 ‎16．(福建高考)For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ________.‎ A．connected B．connecting C．to connect D．to be connected 解析：选A　句意：对那些与家人离得比较远的人来说，个人电脑和电话在保持联系方面很重要。句中stay (保持)是一个连系动词，后接形容词作表语。connected是形容词化的过去分词，意为“有联系的，有来往的”，符合句意。‎ ‎17．________ to alcohol, whether for an adult or for a teenager, is definitely harmful from all aspects.‎ A．Exposed B．Being exposed C．Exposing D．To expose 解析：选B　句意：无论是成人还是青少年，接触酒精从各方面来说都是有害的。此处用动名词短语在句中作主语，expose to与后面的an adult or for a teenager是动宾关系，所以用被动形式。‎ 常考点五：非谓语动词作宾补 ‎18．(2015·陕西高考)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother ________ good care of at home.‎ A．taking B．taken C．take D．be taken 解析：选B　句意：李博士在非洲进行了两年的医疗服务，回来后看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好他很高兴。分析句子结构可知，此处是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可以是do，doing或者done。此处his mother与take good care of之间是被动关系，故选B项。‎ ‎19．(四川高考)The manager was satisfied to see many new products ________ after great effort.‎ A．having developed B．to develop C．developed D．develop 解析：选C　句意：辛苦努力后，很多新产品被研发出来，经理很满意。句子结构表明空格处用非谓语动词作宾语补足语。动词see的宾语“many new products”与develop之间是动宾关系且表示一个完成的动作，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。‎ ‎20．(四川高考)I looked up and noticed a snake ________ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.‎ A．to wind B．wind C．winding D．wound 解析：选C　句意：我抬头看，注意到一条蛇正沿树蜿蜒而上，捕捉它的早餐。宾语snake与wind之间为主谓关系，且此动作正在进行，故选C。‎ ‎ [解题技法指导]‎ 第一步：利用“有无连词”原则确定是谓语还是非谓语 分析句子结构，判断出句子的主干——主语和谓语。如果题线处作谓语，则要用谓语动词，如果题线处不作谓语，则要用非谓语动词。‎ ‎[典例]　________ yourself with positive people who know the importance of confidence and you will keep focused on what you can do instead of what you can't.‎ A．Surrounding B．Surrounded C．Surround D．Having surrounded ‎[分析]　选C　句意：让你自己身边围绕着懂得自信的重要性的乐观的人，你就会一直关注于你能做的事而不是你不能做的。句中“and”是并列连词，连接两个并列句，所以前面必须是一个祈使句。本题为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，故本题应用动词原形。‎ 第二步：根据句意和作用确定句子成分 根据句意和题线处在句子中的位置和作用，确定其所充当的句子成分，从而确定空格内所需填入的非谓语动词的形式。‎ ‎[典例]　(2016·北京高考)________ it easier to get in touch with us, you'd better keep this card at hand.‎ A．Made B．Make C．Making D．To make ‎[分析]　选D　句意：为了更方便联系我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。根据句意可知，空格处所需内容是“随身带着这张卡片”的目的，所以用动词不定式作目的状语。‎ 第三步：根据与逻辑主语的关系确定语态 如果非谓语动词表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间为主谓关系则用v.ing形式或不定式的主动式；若为动宾关系则用v.ing 形式的被动式、不定式的被动式或过去分词。‎ ‎[典例]　(2016·北京高考)Newlybuilt wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.‎ A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．turned ‎[分析]　选B　句意：新建的木屋林立在街道两旁，使得这个古镇成为一个梦幻家园。turn的逻辑主语是cottages，两者之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作结果状语。‎ 第四步：根据与谓语动词的先后关系确定时态 非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前用过去分词或v.ing形式/不定式的完成式；如果同时进行用v.ing形式或不定式的进行式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后用不定式的一般式。‎ ‎[典例]　________ in the adult ceremony, the senior students feel they are shouldering heavier responsibilities now.‎ A．Swear B．Sworn C．Having sworn D．To have sworn ‎[分析]　选C　句意：这些高中生在成人礼上宣誓以后，感觉肩负着的责任更沉重了。swear与逻辑主语the senior students 之间是主谓关系，且swear的动作发生在谓语动词feel的动作之前，所以用现在分词的完成式，在句中作状语。‎ 单项填空 ‎1．Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), its headquarters ________ in Beijing, is an intergovernmental agency which is intended for multidevelopment of infrastructure in Asia.‎ A．is located　　　　　　　 B．locating C．being located D．located 解析：选D　句意：亚投行的总部位于北京，是一个政府间机构，旨在促进亚洲基础设施的多元发展。动词locate与逻辑主语its headquarters之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词构成独立主格结构。故选D项。‎ ‎2．Next year's key challenges include risks in the financial area and old issues that have yet ________.‎ A．solved B．been solved C．to solve D．to be solved 解析：选D　句意：下一年主要的挑战包括金融领域的风险和一些必须要去解决的旧问题。分析句子可知，本句是that引导的定语从句，修饰限制issues。表示将要发生的动作，用动词不定式，solve和issues之间是被动关系，故用动词不定式的被动形式。‎ ‎3．(2018·苏州高三模拟)—Can you tell me what it means by “You can check out any time you like but you can never leave” from the song Hotel California?‎ ‎—It implies that drug users find themselves ________ in a prison from which they cannot escape. ‎ A．to be trapped B．having trapped C．trapped D．trapping 解析：选C　句意：“你能告诉我歌曲《加州宾馆》中‘你随时可以离开，但却永远无法摆脱’是什么意思吗？”“它暗示吸毒者们发现自己被困在了永远无法逃脱的监狱。”答句宾语themselves 与trap之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。be trapped in“被困在……里”。‎ ‎4．(2018·连云港、宿迁、徐州高三模拟)The draft regulation on the online protection of minors, ________ for public opinions by the cyberspace authorities, has drawn wide public concern. ‎ A．releasing B．having released C．to release D．released 解析：选D　句意：网信办发布了未成年人网络保护条例的草案，征求大众意见，这引起了社会的广泛关注。The draft 和release(发布)之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。‎ ‎5．(2018·江苏省如皋中学高三调研) China's ecommerce giant Alibaba had an amazing year as the Nov.11 shopping carnival broke new records, the Double Twelve shopping day ________ with success.‎ A．having followed B．following C．followed D．to follow 解析：选B　句意：中国的电子商务巨头阿里巴巴有一个惊人的一年，因为双十一购物狂欢节打破了新纪录，双十二购物节紧跟其后也很成功。两句话之间用逗号隔开，没有连词，说明后面是独立主格结构，用非谓语动词。the Double Twelve shopping day 和follow之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。‎ ‎6．(2018·江苏省重点中学高三摸底考试)With a lot of difficult problems ________， the newlyelected president is having a hard time.‎ A．settled B．settling C．to settle D．being settled 解析：选C　句意：有很多难题要解决，刚当选的校长正面临困难的日子。分析句子结构可知，“with＋名词＋宾语补足语”构成的with复合结构在句中作状语。此处用不定式to settle作宾补，表示还没发生的动作。‎ ‎7．Misunderstandings ________ from lack of social communication, unless ________ with properly, may lead to serious problems.‎ A．resulted; dealt B．resulting; dealt C．resulted; dealing D．resulting; dealing 解析：选B　Misunderstandings和result from之间是主谓关系，用现在分词作定语，相当于which result from ...，排除A、C两项；unless后省略了misunderstandings are, misunderstandings与deal with之间是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，相当于unless they are dealt with ...。故选B项。‎ ‎8．(2018·江苏省海安高级中学等三校模拟)________ from the Song ‎ Dynasty, the Confucian Temple of Nanjing has now developed into a famous scenic spot, ________ sightseeing, shopping and tasty foods.‎ A．Having dated; featured B．Dating; featuring C．Dating; having featured D．Dated; featuring 解析：选B　句意：南京夫子庙可以追溯到宋朝，现在已经发展成为一个著名的景点，以观光、购物和美食为特色。第一空为现在分词短语作状语，因为date from是不及物动词短语，所以只能用现在分词；第二空中feature是及物动词，意思是“以……为特色”，它与句中主语之间存在主动关系，所以也应该用现在分词形式。‎ ‎9．(2018·泰州第一次调研)________ at the dinner table twice, Mary insisted that she drop out of one of her many afterschool activities.‎ A．Having fallen asleep B．To fall asleep C．To have fallen asleep D．Fallen asleep 解析：选A　句意：玛丽两次在吃晚饭的时候睡着后，她坚持要求放弃一项课外活动。Mary和fall asleep之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，且两次睡着是发生在她做决定放弃一项课外活动之前的动作，因此用现在分词的完成式作状语。‎ ‎10．(2018·南京、盐城高三模拟) Big fast food chains in New York City have started to obey a first of its kind rule, ________ them to post calorie counts right on the menu. ‎ A．to require B．requiring C．required D．having required 解析：选B　句意：纽约市大的快餐食品连锁企业已开始遵循一条规则，要求餐饮企业把卡路里含量显示在菜单上。a rule与require之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式作定语。‎ ‎11．(2018·苏州模拟)________ on the cyberspace issue in a speech at a welcoming dinner in Seattle, Xi Jinping called on all countries to cooperate and draw up Internet policies corresponding with their national conditions. ‎ A．Touched B．Touching C．Touch D．To touch 解析：选B　分词短语作时间状语，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。‎