【英语】2020届高考英语二轮复习精选学案专题1：名词和冠词（教师版）

【英语】2020届高考英语二轮复习精选学案专题1：名词和冠词（教师版）

一 名词和冠词 考向预测 名词和冠词是中学英语的重要词汇，也是历年高考的重要考点。从近几年的高考试题中，可以发现它们经常放在一起，通过具体语境进行考查。‎ 名词则主要会考查：名词词义辨析，名词的搭配，可数名词与不可数名词；抽象名词的具体化；名词的所有格；名词作定语；名词固定习语；和名词与主谓一致等。‎ 预测今后考点将分布在对不定冠词的考查，定冠词的考查，不用冠词的情况以及一些固定词组中冠词的正确使用。‎ 解答这块试题时，要从翻译的角度去做，如果能够准确地翻译出句子的意思，就能够解答此题；多做练习，能够提高熟悉语境的能力，很多考题要和语境相联系起来考查。‎ 知识与技巧的梳理 考点1 名词词义辨析 名词词义辨析主要考查学生对基本词汇的掌握程度和名词在具体语境中的运用。常见考查形式有：异义词辨析、同义词辨析和近义词辨析。在做题是，先弄清题中每个名词的意义及用法，然后根据语境选择符合句意的名词。‎ 在高考词义辨析题中，有一种“熟词生义”题型，即题目中所填的词是考生所熟悉的，但所考查的含义却是不常见的。这就要求考生在掌握单词基本词义的基础上，善于结合不同的语境去体会、感悟单词的含义。‎ ‎1.—Can you tell us your ___ for happiness and a long life?‎ ‎—Living every day to the full, definitely.‎ A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条。根据句意可知A项符合题意。‎ ‎2. It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your____.‎ A. condition B. income C. credit D. status ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：准时付电费很重要，因为支付晚了会影响你的信用。condition 条件；income ‎ 收入；credit学分，信用（卡），status地位。根据句意选C。‎ 考点2：名词的搭配 Some schools will have to make___ in agreement with the national soccer reform.‎ A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】make judgments意为“作出判断”；make comments意为“发表评论”；make achievements意为“取得成就”；make adjustments意为“作出调整”。结合句子的意思，一些学校为了和国家足球改革相一致，所以要“作出调整”。故选B。‎ 考点3：抽象名词具体化 Being able to afford____ drink would be ____ comfort in those tough times.‎ A.the; the B. a;a C.a;不填 D.不填；a ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：在那些艰难的日子里，能够买得起一杯酒实在是件宽慰的事。第一空drink 是指酒或饮料与a搭配，一杯酒或一杯饮料。第二空comfort本来是抽象名词“宽慰，安慰”，在这里指令人宽慰的一件事，抽象名词具体化了，要用a,所以选B。‎ 考点4：不定冠词的用法 ‎1.泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。‎ The Chinese Dream is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony-peace and development.‎ 中国梦是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平与发展的梦。‎ ‎2.用于单数可数名词前，表示数量“一”；在某些物质名词或抽象名词前加a, an表示“一份，一阵，一场，一类”等。‎ ‎—Would you like something to drink？你想喝点什么？‎ ‎—I would like a coffee and two beers.我想喝一杯咖啡和两瓶啤酒。‎ ‎3.用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。‎ He missed the gold in the high jump but will get a second chance in the long jump.‎ 他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是在跳远比赛中他还有机会。‎ ‎4.用在专有名词前表示“某一个”，相当于a certain;用于“a+most+形容词+名词”结构，意为“非常，很”。‎ Dan Brown, the auther of the Dan Vinci Code, is a famous writer.‎ 丹.布朗是《达芬奇密码》的作者，是一位很著名的作家。‎ ‎5.有些不可数名词如knowledge, collection, understanding等后面加of…时，前面需用不定冠词aan。例如：have a good knowledge of 精通……；have a clear/good understanding of 清楚地/很好地了解。‎ Social practice is an opportunity for students to gain a better understanding of how society operates.‎ 社会实践是让学生更好地了解社会运作的一个机会。‎ 考点5：定冠词的用法 ‎1.表示“特指”。上文已经提到的人或物，再次提到时在其前加the。也可指上文未提到，但谈话双方都知道的人或物。‎ ‎-Did you enjoy yourself yesterday？你昨天玩得开心吗？‎ ‎-Yes, as you know the party went on in a pleasant atmosphere.是的，正如你所知，晚会是在愉快的气氛中进行的。‎ ‎2.用于序数词和形容词或副词最高级以及形容词only, very, same等之前。‎ Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in China.在中国，杨利伟成为第一位登上太空的人。‎ 易错警示：‎ ‎（1）only ,very, same, main等形容词修饰名词时， 前面也用定冠词the。‎ This is the only expensive dress I’ve got.这是我唯一一件贵的连衣裙。‎ ‎(2)a 与most 连用，位于形容词前时，most是表示程度的副词，意为“非常”；the与most连用，位于形容词或副词前时，most是最高级的标志，意为“最……的”。‎ Historical experience can serve as a most important source of information.历史经验能充当一种非常重要的信息来源。‎ 考点6：零冠词的用法 ‎1.表示泛指的不可数名词（物质名词，抽象名词）、专有名词（不含普通名词）或可数名词复数前不加冠词。单数可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，也不加冠词。‎ ‎2.季节、月份、星期、节假日、一日三餐前一般不加冠词，但是如果名词前面有修饰或特指某一季节、月份等要用冠词。‎ The spring of 2014 was a terrible spring because many people died because of terrorists.‎ 因为许多人死于恐怖分子，2014年的春天是个可怕的春天。‎ ‎3.表示独一无二的头衔、职务名词做表语、同位语或宾语补足语时，一般不加冠词。‎ David，monitor of our class is always ready to help others.‎ 戴维是我们班的班长，他总是乐于助人。‎ ‎4.as,though引导的让步状语从句中的表语（单数可数名词）置于句首时不加冠词。‎ Child as/though he is , he plays the violin perfectly.‎ 尽管是个孩子，但他小提琴拉的很好。‎ ‎5.跟在系动词turn后作表语的单数可数名词前不加冠词。‎ Lu Xun was a doctor before he turned writer .鲁迅在成为作家前是名医生。‎ ‎ ‎限时训练 ‎（45分钟）‎ 经典常规题 一、单项选择 ‎1. 【2018•江苏卷】 Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made. A. assignment B. association C. acquisition  D. assumption ‎【答案】D ‎【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。A. assignment 分配；B. association 协会，社团；C. acquisition获得物； D. assumption假设。故选D。‎ ‎2.【2018•天津卷】The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.‎ A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation ‎【答案】C ‎【解题思路】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其他星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice建议； B. order命令； C. possibility 可能性； D. invitation 邀请。‎ 二、语法填空 ‎3.【2018•全国卷Ⅲ】Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at top of her lungs. ‎ ‎【答案】the ‎【解题思路】考查冠词。固定短语at the top of 此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。‎ ‎4.【2018•全国卷Ⅲ】My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.‎ ‎【答案】scientist ‎【解题思路】考查词性转换。冠词后面接名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家，scientist科学家。‎ ‎5.【2018•全国卷Ⅲ】Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.‎ ‎【答案】the ‎【解题思路】考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。‎ ‎6.【2018•全国卷Ⅱ】This switch has decreased (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.‎ ‎【答案】pollution ‎【解题思路】考查词性转换。句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。has decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。‎ ‎7.【2018•浙江】Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.‎ ‎【答案】dishes ‎【解题思路】考查名词单复数。句意：制作中国菜被认为是一件特别麻烦的事。考查可数名词复数。dish是可数名词，要用其复数形式。‎ ‎8.【2018•浙江】Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in (weigh) problems.‎ ‎【答案】weight ‎【解题思路】考查词性转换。空格处是修饰后面的名词的。weight problems体重问题。‎ ‎9.【2017•全国卷Ⅲ】Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as model in New York. ‎ ‎【答案】a ‎【解题思路】考查冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指“一个”，故填a。‎ ‎10.【2017•全国卷Ⅲ】 But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her (educate).‎ ‎【答案】education ‎【解题思路】考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。‎ ‎11.【2017•全国卷Ⅰ】As________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.‎ ‎【答案】a　‎ ‎【解题思路】考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果是”。句意：结果是，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。‎ ‎12.【2017•全国卷Ⅱ】This included digging up the road,________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over _______ top.‎ ‎【答案】laying; the ‎【解题思路】考查非谓语动词。此处用lay的动名词形式laying与前面的digging形成并列。该词填空难度较大，若考生未辨明lie—lying/lay/lain和lay—laying/laid/laid等特殊词形变化会导致错误。‎ ‎13.【2017•全国卷Ⅱ】This development was only possible with the ________ (introduce) of electric powered ‎ engines and lifts.‎ ‎【答案】introduction ‎ ‎【解题思路】考查名词。该词在此作with的宾语，意思是“引入方法、手段”等。由于其后带有介词of，故只能用introduction。‎ ‎14.【2017•全国卷Ⅲ】She is determined to carry on with her _______ (educate)．She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.‎ ‎【答案】education ; invitations ‎【解题思路】第一空考查名词。前面是形容词性物主代词her，故用名词形式。第二空考查名词复数。根据句意“她拒绝了几个邀请”可知，此处需要填名词，而且invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，故用复数形式。‎ ‎15.【2017•浙江卷】Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small (carrot) and was about to throw them away. ‎ ‎【答案】carrots ‎【解题思路】考查名词。根据a handful of 可知，用carrot的复数形式，故填carrots。‎ ‎16. 【2017•浙江卷】For Pahlsson, its return was wonder.‎ ‎【答案】a ‎【解题思路】考查冠词。此处a wonder表示“一个奇迹”，所以需要不定冠词a。‎ ‎17.【2016•全国新课标II】Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.‎ ‎【答案】a ‎【解题思路】考查固定短语。介词短语for a while一会儿, 本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和大脑休息一会。‎ ‎18.【2016•上海】Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself _______ number of questions. ‎ ‎【答案】a ‎ ‎【解题思路】考查固定短语。短语a number of许多，大量，该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用a number of修饰可数名词复数形式questions。‎ 三、句子改错 ‎19.【2018•全国卷1】During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. ‎ ‎【答案】第一个to后加the ‎【解题思路】考查冠词。句意：去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。表示“乡下；农村”的country或countryside前面要带定冠词the。‎ ‎20.【2018•全国卷1】Last winter when I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. ‎ ‎【答案】chicken改为chickens ‎【解题思路】考查名词复数。句意：他们拥有一所大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dozens of 可知，其后用名词复数形式。‎ ‎21.【2018•全国卷3】At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks, and mistake as well." ‎ ‎【答案】mistake改为mistakes ‎【解题思路】考查名词单复数。此处表示“学习包括从教科书中学习，也包括从错误中学习”。根据句意可知，“错误”应该不止一个，且mistake是可数名词，所以要用该词的复数形式。‎ ‎22.【2018•全国卷2】After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. ‎ ‎【答案】sort改为sorts ‎【解题思路】考查名词单复数。此处sort表示“种类”，是可数名词，前面有all修饰，故要用sort的复数形式。所以要把sort改为sorts。‎ ‎23.【2018•全国卷2】As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watch them, my parents would not let me. ‎ ‎【答案】the改为a ‎【解题思路】考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。故把the改成a。‎ ‎24.【2017•全国卷Ⅰ】I still remember how hard first day was.‎ ‎【答案】first前加the或my　‎ ‎【解题思路】考查冠词或物主代词。“我”依然记得第一天是多么艰难。句中特指第一天，所以在first前加上the，也可以加上my。my first day表示“我的第一天”。故在first前加the或my。‎ ‎25.【2017•全国卷Ⅱ】They live far from the school，and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.‎ ‎【答案】第一个a改为an或one　‎ ‎【解题思路】考查冠词用法。名词hour虽然是辅音字母开头，但发音为元音，用an或one均可。‎ ‎26.【2017•全国卷Ⅲ】Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.‎ ‎【答案】picture前加this/the ‎ ‎【解题思路】考查限定词。根据语境可知这张照片是上文提到的照片，是特指，故需要用限定词this/the修饰。‎ ‎27.【2017•全国卷Ⅰ】The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！”‎ ‎【答案】word改为words　‎ ‎【解题思路】考查名词复数。教练一直喊“加速”“减速”“左转”。 word表示某人说的话时是可数名词，故将word改为words。‎ ‎28.【2017•全国卷Ⅱ】Beside，they often get some useful informations from the Internet.‎ ‎【答案】informations改为information ‎【解题思路】考查不可数名词。information为不可数名词。‎ ‎29.【2016•全国新课标III】At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.‎ ‎【答案】the去掉 ‎【解题思路】考查冠词。at first起初，是固定词组，不需要冠词，故把the去掉。‎ ‎30.【2016•浙江】Every time he arrived home at end of the day, we’d greet her at the door.‎ ‎【答案】第一个at后面加the ‎【解题思路】at the end of为固定搭配，意为“在……结束的时候”。故第一个at后面加the。‎ ‎31.【2016•全国新课标I】My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.‎ ‎【答案】honest改为 honesty ‎ ‎【解题思路】考查名词。此处是指诚实是他成功的秘诀，用名词形式。 而形容词honest意思是“诚实的”，是指人的性格特点。 ‎ 高频易错题 ‎ ‎ 一、语法填空 I won’t call myself the most accomplished person when it comes to ___1___ (hold) chopsticks. In fact, I’m pretty sure that my technique looks clumsy at times. I tend to hold ___2___ (I) in the middle, more beginner than expert.‎ Still, since I eat almost every meal with the eating utensil(器皿)of choice in China it’s not uncommon for a new friend or acquaintance to come to a simple ___3___ (conclude) after observing me that my Chinese husband, Jun, must ___4___ (show) me how to use them.‎ They are wrong. I’ve used chopsticks ever since I was a teenager, a time when my sister and mother were both fond of Chinese cuisine and introduced me ___5___ many new dishes, along with the ___6___ (prefer) utensils in China. We always kept bamboo chopsticks along with our ___7___ (knife), forks and spoons, ready for whenever we happened to have Chinese food for dinner. It was my closest family ___8___ observed my first mistakes I made in using chopsticks.‎ Plus, I lived over two years in China before Jun and I started dating and I ___9___ (expect) to use chopsticks in almost every restaurant, stand and bar. Trust me, when you’re hungry you figure out pretty fast what it takes to down(咽下) ___10___ meal with these utensils.‎ ‎【答案】1. holding 2. mine 3. conclusion 4. have shown 5. to ‎ ‎6. preferred 7. knives 8. who/that 9. was expected 10. a ‎【解题思路】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者本人学会用筷子的点点滴滴。‎ ‎1. 考查动名词。在when it comes to …这一固定句型中，to是介词，后接名词或动名词。句意：说到拿筷子，我不会称自己为最有成就的人。故填holding。‎ ‎2. 考查名词性物主代词。根据上下文可知，这里是指“握住我的筷子”。句意：我往往握住筷子的中间。故填mine。‎ ‎3. 考查名词。固定短语come to a conclusion得出结论，故用名词形式。句意：得出了一个简单的结论。故填conclusion。‎ ‎4. 考查情态动词must表推测的用法。因为是对过去行为的推测，故用have done。句意：一定会向我展示怎么用它们。故填have shown。‎ ‎5. 考查介词。短语introduce sb. to sth.向某人介绍某物。句意：并向我介绍许多新菜。故填to。‎ ‎6. 考查非谓语动词。这里用prefer的过去分词作定语，表示“偏爱的”句意：以及中国人所偏爱的器皿。故填preferred。‎ ‎7. 考查名词。根据前面的our和后面的forks and spoons,可知，这里用其复数形式。故填knives。‎ ‎8. 考查强调句。因为被强调部分是人，所以，既可以用who也可以用that。句意：是我最亲密的家人看到我第一次错误地使用筷子。故填who/that。‎ ‎9. 考查时态和语态。根据全文时态及句意可知，主语I与expect为动宾关系，故用过去时的被动形式。句意：人们预计我在几乎每一个餐馆、摊点和酒吧都会使用筷子。故用was expected。‎ ‎10. 考查冠词。这里meal为可数名词，单数，非特指。句意：用这些器皿咽下一顿饭。故填a。‎ 二、短文改错 Last summer holiday my uncle came to visit us. At the first day of his visit, we went out with one of my father's friend for lunch at an outdoor café. We walked along that afternoon, chat freely and had good time together. The next day my uncle pulled out his childhood pictures and told quite a few specially stories about his childhood. Although we didn't spend much time have fun together, but I never felt closer to him at that moment. He talked with me excitingly and gave me a gift. I opened the gift carefully in the evening, that was his precious dairy. He passed them to me and encouraged me to value the past.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.At改为On ‎ ‎2.friend 改为friends ‎ ‎3.chat改为chatted ‎4.在had后加a ‎ ‎5.specially改为special ‎ ‎6.去掉but ‎7.have改为having ‎8.exciting改为excitedly ‎9.that 改为which ‎10.them改为it ‎ ‎【解题思路】本文讲述了我和叔叔相处的快乐时光。‎ ‎1.考查介词。在确切的某一天要用介词“on”，而“at”用在时间点上。根据句意可知本处是指“在我叔叔来的第一天”。故把At改为On。‎ ‎2.考查可数名词的数。句意：我们和我父亲的一个朋友在室外咖啡馆吃午饭。分析句意可知是父亲朋友中的一个，即one of my father's friends。因此把friend改为friends。‎ ‎3.考查并列谓语。句意：那天下午我们一起散步，随意地聊天，度过了美好的时光。分析句子可知，chat 与walk及had三个动词是并列谓语，因为这是讲述过去的事，主语都是We，故把chat改为chatted。‎ ‎4.考查固定搭配。have a good time,为固定搭配，意为“玩得高兴，过得愉快”。因此要在had后添加a。‎ ‎5.考查形容词作定语。根据句子可知，specially在此修饰名词stories，修饰名词要用形容词而不能用副词，故把specially改为special。句意：第二天，我叔叔拿出他小时候的照片，讲述了一些关于他童年的特别的故事。‎ ‎6. 考查连词。句意：虽然我们在一起的时间不多，但在那一刻我从来没有觉得离他更近。分析句子“Although we didn't spend much time have fun together, but I never felt closer to him at that moment.”可知本句中有两个连词“Although和but”，根据英语语法，只能有一个连词，分析句意可知，去掉but。‎ ‎7.考查固定搭配。spend time ( in) doing sth花费时间做某事，因此要把have 改为having。‎ ‎8.考查副词作状语。句意：他和我激动地交谈，还给了我一个礼物。分析句子可知，本句中的exciting在此修饰谓语动词talked，是修饰人做某事的心情，因此要用副词形式excitedly。‎ ‎9.考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，本句中的先行词是the gift，被一个非限制性定语从句修饰。在定语从句中作主语，在非限制性定语从句中指代先行词是物的，只能用which ,不能用that,因此把that改为which 。‎ ‎10. 考查不定代词。句意：他把这个礼物送给我，鼓励我珍惜过去。根据上文可知是一件礼物，是单数。因此要用it,故把them改为it。‎ 精准预测题 一、语法填空 As is known, China is a great country with a time-honored history and profound culture.While___1___(mention) Chinese culture, Chinese tea culture cannot be missed. It is the culture of making tea and drinking tea in China, which is___2___(difference) from that of Europe, Britain, and Japan.‎ In China, drinking tea___3___(refer) as tasting tea, which not only means distinguishing the quality of tea. but ‎ also enjoying the pleasure of falling into the dream about life while drinking tea. A short retreat from a much busier life, make a cup of tea___4___taste it in a quiet place on your own, not only relieving tiredness but also refreshing___5___ (you) soul heartily.‎ China is a country with a time-honored civilization,___6___is quite particular about ceremony and etiquette（礼节）. When guests pay a visit, etiquette of making tea for guests is___7___(basic) required. When making tea, proper blending of tea___8___(leaf) is quite necessary, so that favorable flavor would be created. When drinking tea with guests, pay attention to the tea left in___9___cup of guests and it should be refilled when the cup is half-full.If___10___(accompany) with tea dessert, candies and dishes, drinking tea would be more tasteful and joyful.‎ ‎【答案】1. mentioning 2. different 3. is referred 4. and 5. your ‎ ‎6. which 7. basically 8. leaves 9. the 10. accompanied ‎【解题思路】这篇文章主要介绍了中国的茶文化。‎ ‎1. 考查固定用法。While mentioning是固定用法，意思是当提到……，所以填mentioning。‎ ‎2. 考查固定用法。be different from是固定用法，意思是与……不同，所以填different。‎ ‎3. 考查语态。drinking tea与refer之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，填is referred。‎ ‎4. 考查连词。make a cup of tea与taste it in a quiet place on your own是并列关系，所以填and。‎ ‎5. 考查代词。句意：不仅解除疲劳，并且振奋你的精神。表示“你的”，所以填your。‎ ‎6. 考查定语从句。这里含有一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以填which。‎ ‎7. 考查副词。修饰动词required，用副词形式，所以填basically。‎ ‎8. 考查名词。“适当的混合茶叶” 是一个复数概念，所以填leaves。‎ ‎9. 考查冠词。特指“客人的杯子”，所以填定冠词the。‎ ‎10. 考查非谓语动词。drinking tea与accompany之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词，填accompanied。‎ 二、短文改错 Through my process of grow up, senior high school life is most interesting.‎ The teachers give excellent lessons on a special way. All of them have rich knowledge, they not only explain the contents of textbooks and also provide extra information from many other aspect. Every word they say it in class makes me feel exciting. I have a strong desire to learn as much as I can. There is many kinds of after-school activities that are organized by us, we often shared a lot of things together.‎ I am absolute fond of my senior school life.‎ ‎【答案】本文介绍了作者的高中生活。‎ ‎1.grow 改为growing ‎2.在is后加the ‎3.on改为in ‎4.and 改为but.‎ ‎5.aspect改为aspects ‎6.it去掉 ‎7.exciting改为excited ‎8.is改为are ‎9.shared改为share ‎10.absolute改为absolutely ‎【解题思路】‎ ‎1.考查动词ing形式作介词宾语。grow up在句中作介词of的宾语，动词不能直接作宾语要用ing形式作宾语，故把grow 改为growing。‎ ‎2.考查形容词最高级。形容词最高级要用定冠词the，故在is后添加the。句意：高中生活是最有趣的。‎ ‎3.考查固定搭配。in a way为固定搭配，意为“以某种方式”，故本句中的on改为in。‎ ‎4.考查固定搭配。句意：他们都有丰富的知识，他们不仅讲解教科书的内容，而且还提供了许多其他方面的额外信息。not only…but also…为固定搭配，意为“不但…..而且……”，因此把and 改为but。‎ ‎5.考查名词的复数。aspect前面有“many”修饰，可知要用复数。故把aspect改为aspects。‎ ‎6.考查定语从句。分析“Every word they say it in class makes me feel exciting”可知，本句中的Every word被定语从句 they say it修饰，say的宾语是先行词every word，所以it多余，故去掉it。‎ ‎7.考查形容词。本句中的“…makes me feel exciting ”其中exciting（令人激动的）一般修饰物的。而修饰人要用excited（激动的，兴奋的)。本句中修饰me，因此exciting要改为excited。‎ ‎8.考查主谓一致。本句中的“There is many kinds of after-school activities”中的many kinds of after-school activities 是复数，因此is要改为are。‎ ‎9.考查谓语动词。本文主要讲述现在的事，要用一般现在时，故把shared改为share。‎ ‎10.考查副词辨析。句意：我非常喜欢我的高中生活。分析句子可知，本句中的absolute作状语修饰形容词fond，修饰形容词用副词，因此要用副词形式absolutely，故把absolute改为absolutely。‎