2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit3Ahealthylife单元学案（32页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit3Ahealthylife单元学案（32页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit3A healthy life 单元学案 单元基础知识过关复习 核心词汇 ‎1．He felt they had ____________(滥用，妄用)his trust by talking about him to the press.‎ ‎2．It’s____________(违法的)to read other people’s private letters without permission.‎ ‎3．He was presented with an award for saving a woman at the ____________(冒险)of his own life.‎ ‎4. Let’s go swimming in that big pool，because swimming is ____________(禁止)in this deep lake.‎ ‎5．It is very difficult for the child to solve the ____________(困难的)problem.‎ ‎6．The little girl was ____________(感到羞愧的)of having failed in the final exam.‎ ‎7．We must develop science to____________(加强)our education and army.‎ ‎8．After a ____________week of work，all the employees were extremely ____________and tired.They complained that few could work efficiently under____________.(stress)‎ ‎9．(1)Playing computer games is highly ____________.Once you get ____________to it，you will find it hard to get rid of it.Now，Henry，one ‎ of my classmates is fighting his ____________to the games.(addict)‎ ‎(2)As a ____________，he has good____________and never____________a person by his appearance.(judge)‎ ‎1．abused　2.illegal　3.risk　4.banned　5.tough　6.ashamed　7.strengthen　8.stressful；stressed；stress 9.(1)addictive；addicted；addiction　(2)judge；judgement；judges 高频短语 ‎1．________________ 由于……‎ ‎2．________________ 对……有瘾 ‎3．________________ 习惯于……‎ ‎4．________________ 对……作出决定 ‎5．________________ 想要(做)……‎ ‎6．________________ 不顾；不管 ‎7．________________ 冒险 ‎8．________________ 陷入；染上(坏习惯)‎ ‎9．________________ 处境危险；遭受危险 ‎1.due to　2.addicted to　3.accustomed to　4.decide on　5.feel like(doing)　6.in spite of　7.take risks(a risk)　8.get into　9.at risk 重点句式 ‎1．I do hope so because I want you to live __________________as I have.‎ 我的确希望这样，因为我想让你过上和我一样长寿而健康的生活。‎ ‎2．____________you feel like smoking a ‎ cigarette，________________you are a nonsmoker.‎ 每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。‎ ‎3．________________，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.‎ 你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会自动地做它。‎ ‎4．________only ________the disease has progressed to AIDS ________ a person begins to look sick.‎ 只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。‎ ‎1.as long and healthy a life　2.Every time；remind yourself that 　3.As you know　4.It is；when；that 知识详解 ‎1stress　 n．　重压，逼迫，压力；重音；重点　‎ ‎ vt.　加压力于；使紧张；重读 ‎12‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①(牛津P1997)Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.‎ 人在压力之下，办事情容易出差错。‎ ‎②(牛津P1997)I think the company places too much stress on cost and not enough on quality.‎ 我认为公司对成本强调有余，而对质量重视不足。‎ ‎③(牛津P1997)He stressed the importance of a good education.‎ 他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。‎ ‎④He was feeling very stressed and tired.他感到心力交瘁。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎1．Cooperation or teamwork，the importance of which is often________，plays an important part in football matches.‎ A．stressed　　　　　　　　　B．laid stress C．paid much attention D．talked 解析：选A。本题考查动词和动词短语的区别。句意：合作或团队协作在足球比赛中起着很重要的作用，其重要性经常被强调。stress the importance of...强调……的重要性。‎ ‎2．一听音乐，我就忘记了所有的怒气和压力。‎ When I listen to music，I forget any feelings ________ ________ ________ ________.‎ 答案：of anger and stress ‎2quit　vt.　停止(做某事)；离开 ‎(回归课本P18)I was addicted in all three ways，so it was very difficult to quit.‎ 我之所以上瘾是有着这三个方面的原因的，因此，要戒烟就很难。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①(牛津P1626)He has decided to quit as manager of the team.‎ 他已决定辞掉球队经理的职务。‎ ‎② However，he didn’t quit，and he became a great pianist.‎ 然而，他没有放弃，最终成为了伟大的钢琴家。‎ ‎③My father has quit smoking at last.我父亲终于戒了烟。‎ ‎④I got my present job when I quit the army.‎ 我退伍后得到了现在这份工作。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎3．The majority of smokers say that they would like to ________ ________ ________(去掉这个习惯)．‎ 答案：quit the habit ‎3due　adj.　欠款的；预定的；到期的 ‎(回归课本P18)I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.‎ 我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①(牛津P621) The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding.‎ 这项工程由于缺乏政府的资助而不得不放弃。‎ ‎② Some of the disease’s spread is due to global warming.‎ 一些疾病的传播是由于全球气候变暖引起的。‎ ‎③He didn’t pay the rent when it was due.‎ 他房租到期，却未付租金。‎ ‎④She is due to complete her study and graduate late this year.‎ 她预计今年下半年完成学业毕业。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎4．The old man said the accident________careless driving，so a lot of money________be paid by the driver.‎ A．was due to；was due to B．due to；was due to C．is due to；has due to D．is due to；was due to 解析：选A。due to由于，起因于，常用作表语，第一个空应填was due to；第二个空填was due to，due为形容词，意思是“合理的，应支付的”。money与其后作定语的动词不定式具有逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式应用被动式。‎ ‎4accustomed 　adj.　习惯的，通常的 ‎(回归课本P18)This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.‎ 这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①(朗文P15)It took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.‎ 我经过了一段时间后才适应了所有新的规章制度。‎ ‎②He quickly accustomed himself to/became accustomed to the new way of life.‎ 他很快适应了这种新的生活方式。‎ ‎③She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early.她觉得有必要让孩子养成早起的习惯。‎ ‎④Accustomed to climbing the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching the top.‎ 习惯于爬陡峭的山，他毫无困难地爬上山顶。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎5．—They are quiet，aren’t they?‎ ‎—Yes.They are accustomed ________at meals.‎ A．to talk　　　　　　　 B．to not talk C．to talking D．to not talking 解析：选D。本句中be accustomed to表示“习惯于”，to是介词，所以后面跟动名词作宾语。动名词的否定形式not要置于动名词(短语)前。句意：——他们非常安静，不是吗？——是的，他们已经习惯了就餐时不说话。所以正确答案为D项。‎ ‎5risk　 n．　危险；风险　‎ ‎ v．　使冒险；冒……风险 ‎(回归课本P20)He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.‎ 他认为他必须决定每一步而不冒险。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①(朗文P1768)There are measures you can take to reduce the risk of accidents.‎ 你可以采取措施以降低发生事故的风险。‎ ‎②(朗文P1768)I encourage people to take risks by trying new things.‎ 我鼓励人们冒险尝试新事物。‎ ‎③I wouldn’t run the risk of being late for work.‎ 我不会冒迟到的危险的。‎ ‎④When children start smoking，they don’t realize that they’re risking their health.‎ 小孩开始抽烟时，并没有意识到是在拿自己的健康去冒险。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎6．He got wellprepared for the job interview，for he couldn’t risk________the good opportunity.‎ A．to lose　　　　　　　　　 B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost 解析：选B。risk后接动词ing形式作宾语；主语he和lose之间是主动关系。故选B。‎ ‎6get into　陷入；染上(坏习惯)‎ ‎(回归课本P20)Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!‎ 当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先就别养成(吸毒的)习惯！‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①(陕西高考)Many homeless people get into the habit of begging to get enough money to stay alive.‎ 许多无家可归的人开始养成乞讨谋生的习惯。‎ ‎②I’m sorry I got you into trouble with the teacher.‎ 很抱歉，我让你跟老师发生了纠纷。‎ ‎③(重庆高考)Hi，Bob，how are you getting along with your spoken report？嗨，鲍勃，你的口头报告准备得怎么样了？‎ ‎④Isn’t it time you got down to marking the papers？(重庆高考)你是时候开始批改试卷了吧？‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎7．(2010年高考福建卷)We’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do.Let’s ________it.‎ A．keep up with B．do away with C．get down to D．look forward to 解析：选C。句意：我们刚搬进一幢较大的房子，有许多事要做。让我们着手做吧。本题考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“跟上”；B项意为“废除，去掉”；C项意为“开始，着手做”；D项意为“期望”。‎ ‎8．I tried phoning her office，but I couldn’t ________.‎ A．get along B．get on C．get to D．get through 解析：选D。句意：我试着拨了她办公室的电话，但是打不通。本题考查动词词组。get along 前进，进展；get on上(车，马等)，进展；get to到达。get through打通电话。get through还有“完成，度过，通过，讲清楚”等意思。‎ 句型梳理 ‎1【教材原句】　I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have. (P18)‎ 我的确希望这样，因为我想让你过上和我一样长寿而健康的生活。‎ ‎【句法分析】　此句式为as＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as。‎ ‎①Mary is as beautiful a girl as Daisy.‎ 玛丽和黛西是一样漂亮的女孩。‎ ‎【温馨提示】　类似此句型的用法too/so/how＋adj.＋a/an＋n.。‎ ‎②I have never met so young a body with so wise a head.‎ 我从来没见过这么年轻又这么聪明的人。‎ ‎③This is too difficult a problem for the beginners to solve.‎ 这个问题对于初学者来说太难解决了。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎9．(2011年杭州学军中学模拟)I haven’t seen ________Maggie since I came here.‎ A．as lovely a girl as　　　B．so a lovely girl as C．girl as lovely as D．as a lovely girl as 解析：选A。句意：自从来到这里，我还从未见过像Maggie这么可爱的女孩呢。“so/as/how/too＋adj.＋a/an＋n.”或“such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.”为固定结构。‎ ‎10．Bill is a good man，kind and diligent.Don’t be too hard on him.He’s doing the job________.‎ A．as good as he can ‎ B．as well as he could C．as well as he can ‎ D．as best as he could 解析：选C。考查as...as结构的用法。根据时态一致，可排除B、D两项；再根据good修饰名词，well修饰动词、形容词、副词等，而句中要修饰do，可排除A项，故答案为C。‎ ‎2【教材原句】　Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.(P19)‎ 每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。‎ ‎【句法分析】　every time可以用来引导时间状语从句。表示经常性的动作，“每次”的意思。该从句中也用一般时态代替将来时。‎ ‎① Every time you smile at someone，you give a gift to that person.‎ 每次当你向某人微笑的时候，你就给了那人一件礼物。‎ ‎【温馨提示】　(1)下列名词词组可以起连词作用：‎ the first/last time next/any/every/each time the moment/instant/minute ‎(2)directly，instantly，immediately等也可用来引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎②He loved her the first time he saw her.他对她一见钟情。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎11．________I was in trouble，I was hopefully confident that we can overcome the difficulties.‎ A．The first time　　　　　　‎ B．At first C．It was the first time ‎ D．For the first time 解析：选A。the first time 用作连词，意为“第一次……时”其前不加介词。at first起初；首先；it was the first time...这是第一次……；for the first time首次。‎ 作文指导 议论文 ‎【体裁导航】‎ 写议论文要注意三个问题：‎ ‎1．议论文要有论点、论据和论证三个环节(即三个要素)，并在论证的过程中，让阅卷老师充分感受到你的英语水平。‎ ‎2．议论文的时态比较灵活，应根据具体内容使用正确的时态。‎ ‎3．英语的议论文受篇幅限制，短文开头就应提出论点。‎ 杂议短评类的议论文，就是指通过语言或文字，对某一现象进行议论，或对所读的材料进行评析，并通过议论，从而提出自己独到见解的分析文章。也就是我们平常所说的“小论文”。‎ 杂议和短评本身并无实质性的区别，只是其范畴有时可能存在一定的差异而已。例如，某年的上海高考英语题，就曾要求对孩子被溺爱的现象进行杂议或短评。近几年北京的开放作文，也多属杂议或短评类的一种书面表达形式。‎ ‎【写作示例】‎ 健康是福。但是随着人们生活水平的提高，生活节奏的加快，越来越多的人喜欢吃形形色色的简单快捷的包装食品；交通工具的改进也使得人们越来越缺少必需的体力运动。所以出现了很多的“亚健康(subhealth)”人群。请你以“How to Be Healthy？”为题，写一篇120词左右的短文，就此事发表一下你的看法。‎ ‎【写作要领】‎ 一、审题要点：‎ ‎1．体裁：议论文；‎ ‎2．时态：一般现在时；‎ ‎3．人称：第一人称。‎ 二、内容要点：‎ ‎1．描述出目前存在的问题：食物方面：吃快餐；运动方面：缺乏体力运动；‎ ‎2．这些问题造成的后果：亚健康(描述一些症状)；‎ ‎3．提出自己的建议：多吃健康的食品，多运动等。‎ ‎【金点模板】‎ 一、开头 参考句式：‎ ‎1．Nowadays, because of the fast pace of life, more and more people like eating fast food.‎ ‎2．Today, people are busy with their work, so they always eat some fast food.‎ ‎3．In order to save time, many people like eating fast food.‎ ‎4．Because of the fast pace of life, people have to eat more fast food and have no time to take exercise.‎ 二、主体 参考句式：‎ ‎1．How can we keep fit?‎ ‎2．What is the good way to keep fit?‎ ‎3．We must pay attention to our health.‎ ‎4．First we should ...and then we should ...‎ ‎5．The most important thing is ...‎ ‎6．It is good for us to...‎ 为使各项内容衔接自然，可以适当添加过渡词语。如：‎ firstly, secondly, thirdly ...‎ on one hand ...on the other hand ...‎ when, while, as ...‎ but, however ...‎ because, so, as a result ...‎ 三、结尾 参考句式：‎ ‎1．In a word, we must eat healthily and take more exercise to keep fit.‎ ‎2．In short, if we want to keep fit, we must have a good habit and do more physical exercise.‎ ‎3．As is said above, the healthier we eat, the fitter we will be.‎ 可用来表示总结的短语：‎ in a word, in short, in conclusion, all in all等。‎ ‎【范文点评】‎ How to Be Healthy?‎ ‎①Today, with the fast pace of life and work, people like eating all kinds of fast food.Besides, the convenient vehicles make people keep away from walking.②Because of these，more and more people are confronted with the threat of subhealth, for example, some can’t sleep well, some are always feeling tired and so on.‎ ‎③But how can we change these and keep fit?‎ ‎④First, I think a healthy balanced diet is very important for everyone.Less meat, fatty and fast food, more vegetables and enough fruit are good for our health.⑤Only when we are in a hurry can we have some junk food, but not often.Second，we should take enough exercise because ‎ exercise can keep us energetic all the time.‎ ‎⑥In a word, the better we get into good eating habits and the more we take exercise, the healthier our bodies will be.‎ 点评：‎ ‎①with介词短语的使用增加了句子的灵活性。‎ ‎②关联词使句子上下衔接自然。‎ ‎③but领起下文，使文章自然过渡到作者要表达的内容。‎ ‎④first，second序数词的使用使文章清晰地表达出要表达的观点。‎ ‎⑤本句为以only开头的倒装句。不同句式的使用显示出深厚的语言功底，使文章增色不少。‎ ‎⑥总结句的使用使文章首尾呼应，内容充实圆满。‎ ‎【类题尝试】‎ 当今，有些家长选择用金钱奖励孩子在学习上的进步。请根据以下提示用英语写篇短文。‎ ‎1．分析这种现象产生的原因及危害(工作繁忙，溺爱孩子，不利于孩子成长……)；‎ ‎2．你对这种现象的看法。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可根据内容适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎___________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Nowadays more and more parents choose to reward their children with money for the progress they have made in their studies.‎ Why? Most parents devote themselves to their careers due to fierce competition, thus caring less about their children.However, I don’ t think this is a practical and wise choice.Firstly, if children are always rewarded with money for high marks, their attention will be focused on money instead of the pleasure of studying.‎ Some of them will stop working hard as soon as they get what they want.Secondly, too much money will spoil the children, for they are too young to use money properly.‎ I think a hug and a kiss will work better for children than money.Money may do them more harm than good.‎ ‎ [单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Being_addicted (addict) to computer games can be harmful to you in many ways.‎ ‎2．A regular and busy life is wonderful, although it’s hard and stressful (stress)．‎ ‎3．It’s reported that passengers are banned from eating and drinking on subway trains.‎ ‎4．Professor Smith is due to_give (give) us a lecture at eight tomorrow morning.‎ ‎5．After living there for one year, they have been accustomed to working (work) there.‎ ‎6．I was once ashamed to_admit (admit) my weakness, but now I have no such feeling.‎ ‎7．Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective (effect) ways to improve our English.‎ ‎8．People think the earth doesn’t move at all, but in fact, it does (do) move.‎ ‎9．Doing some exercise earlier in the day should make you feel physically as well as mentally (mental) tired.‎ ‎10．Just quit complaining (complain). What matters now is how to get rid of such an embarrassing situation.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Fathers have an enormous effect to their children’s personalities and chances of marital happiness.to→on ‎2．The exercises are designed to strength your stomach muscles.strength→strengthen ‎3．I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out of a building.disappointing→disappointed ‎4．If he is in the desert and has no water with him, a person will get desperately. desperately→desperate ‎5．After seeing your ad, I think your sixweek English course is very fit to me. to→for ‎6．When he was abroad, he began to take drugs and became addicting to drugs.addicting→addicted ‎7．Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those toughly times.toughly→tough ‎8．Accustomed to get up early, it was not difficult for him to adjust to the new schedule.get→getting Ⅲ.选词填空 decide on， get into， be addicted to， be accustomed to， feel like， in spite of， at risk， due to ‎1．If you take the risk of drunk driving, you are at_risk.‎ ‎2．In_spite_of the fact that he was not a trained economist, his achievements were remarkable.‎ ‎3．I am_accustomed_to getting up early and taking an hour’s walk before breakfast.‎ ‎4．Tom feels_like being a cook because he thinks cooking delicious food for others is interesting and happy.‎ ‎5．Generally speaking, boys are_addicted_to playing computer games while girls prefer chatting online.‎ ‎6．Due_to the fast rhythm of modern life, more and more people are living under great stress.‎ ‎7．—How do you find Qingdao, Mary?‎ ‎—It’s a beautiful seaside city. I have decided_on it for my next holiday.‎ ‎8．Mr. Bean constantly gets_into awkward and absurd situations, which greatly amuses audiences regardless of their nationalities and culture.‎ Ⅳ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．对不起，我的确忘了告诉你会议的时间了。稍后我将把相关信息告诉你。(谓语强调结构)‎ Sorry！I did_forget_to_tell you about the fixed time of the meeting. I’ll tell you the information mentioned later. ‎ ‎2．我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。 (动词＋ it＋adj.＋to do)‎ I don’t feel_it_difficult_to_understand the Special English.‎ ‎3．这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过俭朴的生活。(as＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as)‎ The young man hopes to live as_simple_a_life_as his grandpa.‎ ‎4．正如你们许多年龄足够大的人记得的那样，披头士乐队来自Liverpool。(as引导的非限制性定语从句)‎ The Beatles, as_many_of_you_are_old_enough_to_remember,_came from Liverpool. ‎ ‎5．他的成功不是因为他聪明，而是因为他勤奋。(强调句型)‎ It_is_not_because_he_is_smart_but_because_he_is_diligent_that_makes_him_a_success.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 单元综合知识运用检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 话题 词数 建议用时 ‎316‎ ‎7分钟 手机辐射是否致癌 ‎(2018·山东省六校高三联考)People love cellphones, which is why nine in ten Americans own one. But does heavy use of cellphones pose a risk of cancer? This question has caused controversy for many years. A new study in rats now augments those concerns. Its data linked longterm, intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain. The results have yet to be confirmed, the authors note.‎ Indeed, although the rat study found a link between cellphone radiation and cancer, it offers no clues to why such a link might exist, notes Jonathan Samet. He teaches preventative medicine and directs the Institute for Global Health at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Still, he calls the new study's findings “significant”. “They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer，” he says.‎ Phone signals are relayed between cell towers and cellphones via radio waves. This radio frequency — or RF — radiation is a type known as nonionizing (非电离的). Unlike Xrays, nonionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or molecules, producing ions. So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation, such as Xrays. But that does not mean radio waves might not cause harm.‎ In very large doses (量) this radiation will heat the body and cause tissue damage. But it's not yet known what much lower RF levels might do, such as those from cellphone use. Five years ago, the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer, or IARC, concluded that cellphone use “is possibly carcinogenic (致癌的)”．‎ Its conclusion was based on what little research data was available at that time. But notice that IARC was not certain. It said only that phone use might “possibly” cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人们喜欢用手机，90%的美国人都有手机。那么，过度使用手机是否会有患癌的风险呢？一项新的研究给出了一些线索。‎ ‎1．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “augments”？‎ A．figures out　　　　　 　B．puts out C．refers to D．adds to 解析：选D　词义猜测题。画线词前面提到过度使用手机是否有患癌的风险这一问题多年来引发的争议不断，再根据画线词后的“concerns”和“Its data linked longterm, intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain.”可知，现在一项在老鼠身上进行的新研究增加了那些忧虑。故画线词与adds to意义相近。‎ ‎2．In which aspect does Jonathan Samet think the new study in rats is significant?‎ A．It assists him with his teaching.‎ B．It indicates a new research direction.‎ C．It warns people to mind cellphone safety.‎ D．It makes a breakthrough in cancer research.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer”‎ 可知，这项研究会促使科学家去查明手机辐射可能是怎样致癌的，也就是说它为科学家提供了一个新的研究方向。‎ ‎3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?‎ A．How phone signals are delivered.‎ B．How cellphones produce radiation.‎ C．Features of radiation from cellphones.‎ D．Differences between ionizing and nonionizing radiation.‎ 解析：选C　段落大意题。根据第三段的内容尤其是“nonionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or molecules, producing ions. So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation”可知，本段主要讲的是手机辐射的特点，它是非电离的，其危害性远低于电离辐射。‎ ‎4．What might be the theme of NTP scientists' further research?‎ A．Why cellphone use causes cancer.‎ B．Whether cellphone use really causes cancer.‎ C．What health effects cellphone use has.‎ D．How much exposure to cellphone radiation is safe.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It said only that phone use might “possibly” cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further.”可知，NTP的科学家进一步研究的主题可能是手机使用是否真的会导致癌症。‎ B 话题 词数 建议用时 跷二郎腿的危害 ‎299‎ ‎7分钟 ‎(2018·合肥市高三第二次质检)Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people don't even notice that they're doing it when ‎ they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.‎ A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason for this is that the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart and that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You won't feel any immediate effects, but repeated, drawnout increases in blood pressure can cause longterm health issues. So, plan to sit for a long period of time? Don't keep your legs crossed.‎ Crossing your legs at the knee can also cause pressure on the major nerve in your leg that passes just below your knee and along the outside of your leg, explains Richard Graves, a medical expert. This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis (麻痹) of some of the muscles in your foot and leg, preventing you from being able to raise your ankle — what we know as that “pins_and_needles” sensation. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until you feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.‎ So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。‎ ‎5．What can we learn about crossing one's legs?‎ A．It is a very bad social habit.‎ B．It is usually practiced deliberately.‎ C．It can do harm to people's health.‎ D．It can make others feel uncomfortable.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.”可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．According to the study, sitting with your legs crossed can ________.‎ A．affect your blood pressure B．resist gravity effectively C．lead to heart attacks easily D．improve the function of legs 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure.”可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。‎ ‎7．In the third paragraph “pins and needles” probably means “________”．‎ A．slightly sharp pains B．being a little nervous C．serious muscle injuries D．being highly flexible 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第三段的“This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis (麻痹) of some of the muscles in your ‎ foot and leg, preventing you from being able to raise your ankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。‎ ‎8．What is the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To compare common habits.‎ B．To give readers some advice.‎ C．To evaluate effects of an experiment.‎ D．To introduce research methods.‎ 解析：选B　写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项正确。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2018·安徽省百所重点高中二模)Ten years ago, a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed. I was totally __1__ and felt I was suddenly placed under __2__ of death with an indefinite reprieve (缓刑). After careful thought, I __3__ my affairs; then I went home and got into bed. But 2 years later, I left my bed and __4__ the long climb back. It was another year __5__ I made it.‎ I speak of this experience because these past years have __6__ me what to value and what to believe. I __7__ now that this world is not my oyster (牡蛎) to be opened but my __8__ to be grasped.‎ I've also learned that it's necessary to __9__ those little, allimportant things I never thought I would __10__ before: the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree, the __11__ of sunlight on running water. I seem now, with some of the __12__ freshness of childhood, to ‎ hear and see. How well, __13__， I recall the touch of the earth the day I first stepped upon it after the years in bed. It was like __14__ one's citizenship in a world one had nearly lost.‎ Frequently, I __15__ myself that I need make notes of this __16__ I'm living in now, because in it I'm well, __17__， doing what I like best. It won't always be like this, __18__ I'll make the most of it and be grateful. I __19__ all this to that long time spent in bed. Wiser people come to this __20__ without having to acquire it the hard way. But I wasn't wise enough. I'm wiser now, a little, and happier.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一场重病让作者明白了什么是人生中最重要的东西。因此他对自己当下所拥有的倍加珍惜，并心存感激。‎ ‎1．A.confused B．shocked C．determined D．annoyed 解析：选B　根据上文中的“a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed”可知，当被告知自己的肺部出了问题且不得不立即放弃工作卧床休息时作者感到非常震惊(shocked)。‎ ‎2．A.trial B．pressure C．sentence D．control 解析：选C　作者突然觉得自己好像是被判了死缓一样。根据语境尤其是下文的“with an indefinite reprieve (缓刑)”可知，此处应选sentence“宣判，判刑”。under sentence of death“被判处死刑”。‎ ‎3．A.made up B．set up C．took up D．cleared up 解析：‎ 选D　仔细思考之后，作者把手头的事务处理掉，然后回家了。根据上文中的“I had to give up work at once and went to bed”可知，clear up“解决，清理”符合语境。‎ ‎4．A.recalled B．began C．avoided D．accepted 解析：选B　两年后，作者离开了病床，开始(began)了漫长的重回之前的生活状态的“攀登”。‎ ‎5．A.when B．after C．since D．before 解析：选D　过了一年，作者就做到了。It was/is＋一段时间＋before ...是固定句型，意为“过了……才/就……”。‎ ‎6．A.assigned B．taught C．treated D．assured 解析：选B　作者谈及这段经历是因为那些过去的岁月教会(taught)了作者应该珍惜什么，相信什么。‎ ‎7．A.admit B．demand C．expect D．realize 解析：选D　现在作者意识到(realize)这个世界不是等待他去打开的牡蛎，而是需要他去抓住的机会(opportunity)。‎ ‎8．A.knowledge B．opportunity C．attention D．point 解析：选B　参见上题解析。grasp the opportunity“抓住机会”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎9．A.dismiss B．list C．define D．appreciate 解析：‎ 选D　作者也学会了欣赏(appreciate)那些不起眼的但却很重要的东西，而作者之前从未想过自己会去注意(notice)这些东西。‎ ‎10．A.notice B．record C．remember D．track 解析：选A　参见上题解析。‎ ‎11．A.shadow B．shake C．play D．feeling 解析：选C　根据上文中的“the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree”和下文中的“I seem now ... to hear and see.”可知，此处指的应是作者以前不会注意到的东西。play“轻快变幻的动作，闪烁”，the play of sunlight on water“阳光在水面上的闪烁”。‎ ‎12．A.damaged B．recovered C．faded D．changed 解析：选B　作者重新找回了童年时期看待事物的新鲜感。recovered“重新获得的，重新找到的”，符合语境。‎ ‎13．A.in contrast B．in return C．for instance D．by chance 解析：选C　比如，回想起自己卧床两年后重新踏上这片土地的感觉有多好。for instance“比如，例如”，符合语境。‎ ‎14．A.maintaining B．regaining C．discovering D．forgetting 解析：选B　这就像在一个差点失去的世界中重新获得公民身份一样。regain“重新得到”和下文的“lost”相对应。‎ ‎15．A.remind B．promise C．advise D．convince 解析：‎ 选A　作者经常提醒(remind)自己要记下这个自己现在生活的时刻(moment)，因为活在此刻，作者是健康且快乐的(pleased)，而且能做自己最喜欢的事情。‎ ‎16．A.country B．moment C．memory D．inspiration 解析：选B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎17．A.pleased B．courageous C．confident D．strong 解析：选A　参见第15题解析。下文中的“I'm wiser now, a little, and happier.”亦是提示。‎ ‎18．A.meanwhile B．otherwise C．however D．therefore 解析：选D　它不会总是如这般存在，因此作者会充分利用它并心存感激。上下文之间是因果关系，故用therefore。‎ ‎19．A.apply B．owe C．contribute D．adapt 解析：选B　作者将这一切都归功于他卧病在床的那段漫长时光。owe ... to ...“把……归功于……”，是固定用法。‎ ‎20．A.awareness B．agreement C．comment D．compromise 解析：选A　更有智慧的人无需被困到如此境地也能明白这些道理。awareness“意识，明白”符合语境。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2018·福州市高三综合质量检测)In __1__ (tradition) Chinese culture, Tai Chi is often related to the Chinese idea of yin and yang, the idea that one can see two sides in everything. Once __2__ a time, Taoist Zhang Sanfeng saw a bird attacking a snake in the Wudang Mountains in ‎ Hubei Province. The snake's defense inspired him __3__ (create) a set of 72 movements, which used __4__ (soft) and power from inside to defeat violent force.‎ For those __5__ do it, Tai Chi can be practiced any time and anywhere without equipment or a gymnasium. And learning to do it __6__ (correct) gives us a practical way to achieve such things as balance, motor control and rhythm (节奏) of movement. So it __7__ ( believe ) that practicing Tai Chi can in some way help us stand, walk, move and run better.‎ Tai Chi's benefits certainly go beyond physical ones. For Marleni Calcina from Peru, who __8__ (do) Tai Chi for over 10 years, it's not only a sport, but also a way of life. And __9__ is Tai Chi that has helped her understand the value of “going slowly”. Now, practicing Tai Chi is like __10__ (speak) with her soul.‎ ‎1．traditional　空处修饰名词“Chinese culture”，故用形容词形式。‎ ‎2．upon　once upon a time为固定搭配，意为“从前”。‎ ‎3．to create　inspire sb. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“启发某人做某事”。‎ ‎4．softness　根据空后的“and power”可知，空处和名词power是并列关系，故应用名词形式。‎ ‎5．who　分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为those，空处为关系代词，指代人，且在从句中作主语，故用who。‎ ‎6．correctly　空处修饰动词do，故用副词形式。‎ ‎7．is believed　it is believed that ...为固定句型，意为“据信……”。it和动词believe之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；根据语境可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。‎ ‎8．has done　根据该句时间状语“for over 10 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，又因who指代先行词Marleni Calcina，为单数，故填has done。‎ ‎9．it　分析该句结构可知，该句为强调句，其基本结构为“it is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子的其他成分”。该句被强调的部分是“Tai Chi”。‎ ‎10．speaking　like在此处为介词，后跟动名词作宾语，意为“像……一样”。该句句意为：如今，练太极就像是在和她的灵魂说话。‎