【英语】2018届人教版必修2一轮复习：Unit1　Culturalrelics学案（20页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修2一轮复习：Unit1　Culturalrelics学案（20页）

‎　‎ Unit 1　Cultural relics学案 ‎ 要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考 ‎●重点单词 ‎1．valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的→value n．价值 v．估价→invaluable adj.无法估价的，无价的 ‎2．survive vi.幸免；；生幸存还→survivor n．幸存者→survival n．幸存，存活 ‎3．amaze vt.使吃惊；惊讶→amazing adj.令人吃惊的→‎ amazed adj.感到吃惊的→amazement n．惊奇，惊异 ‎4．select vt.挑选；选择→selective adj.有选择性的 ‎5．design n．设计；图案；构思vt.设计；计划；构思→designer n．设计者 ‎6．decorate v．装饰；装修→decoration n．装饰，装饰物 ‎7．jewel n．珠宝；宝石→jewellery n．珠宝(总称)‎ ‎8．remove vt.移动；搬开→removal n．移动；排除 ‎9．doubt n．怀疑；疑惑vt.怀疑；不信→doubtful adj.怀疑的 ‎10．former adj.以前的；从前的 ‎11．worth prep.值得的，相当于……的价值n.价值；作用adj.[古]值钱的 ‎12．evidence n．根据；证据→evident adj.明显的；有线索的 ‎13．explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸 ‎14．entrance n．入口 ‎15．sink vi.下沉；沉下 ‎16．debate n．争论；辩论vi.争论；辩论 ‎●重点短语 ‎1．in search of 寻找 ‎2．belong to 属于 ‎3．in return 作为报答 ‎4．at war 处于交战状态 ‎5．less than 少于 ‎6．take apart 拆开 ‎7．think highly of 看重；器重 ‎8．serve as 充当；担任 ‎9．be of the fancy style 风格奇特的 ‎10．rather than 而不是 ‎●重点句型 ‎1．Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.‎ 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世永远想象不到，他赠给俄罗斯人民的最厚重的礼物会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。‎ ‎2．There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train... 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车……‎ ‎3．After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 从那以后，琥珀屋的最终所归便成了一个谜。‎ ‎●高考范文 假设你是李华。你的外国笔友Jane 打算于七月来中国，特来信了解中国的社交习俗。请你用英语回一封信，从以下几个方面作具体介绍。‎ ‎ 1.见面时的问候方式；　 2.对赞美的回答方式；‎ ‎ 3.接收礼物时的回应方式；　 4.餐宴礼节。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右，信的开头和结束语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。‎ ‎2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。‎ Dear Jane，‎ Glad to hear from you and you're welcome to China July.‎ ‎__________________________________________________‎ ‎__________________________________________________‎ I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey.‎ ‎ Yours sincerely，‎ ‎ Li Hua ‎[范文]‎ Dear Jane，‎ Glad to hear from you and you're welcome to China in July. The following are some Chinese customs.‎ ‎ Firstly, we greet each other by saying “Hello” or asking such questions as “Where are you going？” or “Are you busy？” to express our care. Secondly, when praised, we reply with “Oh, no！” or “I'm over－praised” to show good manners. ‎ Next, when receiving a gift, we usually say “It's unnecessary” besides “Thanks” to show politeness and then put it away. Finally, at dinner parties, we talk loudly and touch glasses when drinking to someone's health or success to show that we're warm.‎ ‎ Anyhow, different cultures, different customs. If you “Do as the Romans do when in Rome”， you'll enjoy more of your stay here.‎ I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua ‎ 考 点 探 究 互动探究·能力备考 Ⅰ.词汇短语过关 ‎1．survive vt. 在……之后仍然生存；逃生；比……活得长 vi. 活下来；幸存 survival n. 存活，幸存 survivor n. 幸存者 survive sb. (by) 比某人活得长(几年)‎ survive sth. 幸免于某事 survive on sth. 靠……存活下来 survive from sth. 从……存活下来；流传下来 ‎[即学即练1](1)It was lucky that the boy ____________ ______.很幸运，这个男孩得以从大火中逃生。‎ ‎(2)She ____________ her husband by ten years.‎ 她比她丈夫多活了十年。‎ ‎(3)Many strange customs have ________________ earlier times.‎ 有许多古怪的习俗源远流长。‎ survived the fire survived survived from ‎2．design n．设计；图案；构思 vt. 设计；计划；构思 by design＝on purpose 有意，故意 have designs on/upon sth. (money/life) 图谋(钱、生命等)‎ be designed for sb./sth.‎ be designed to do sth.‎ be designed as sth.为某目的或用途 而制造或计划 ‎[即学即练2](1)They have ___________ a lot of advanced electric equipments.他们已设计了许多先进的电子设备。‎ ‎(2)The experiment ________________________ the new drug.实验的目的是试验新药。‎ ‎(3)These books are primarily ____________ the use of beginners.这些书主要是供初学的人使用的。‎ ‎(4)She attended a school _________________________.‎ 她就读于一所服装设计学校。‎ designed is designed to test designed for of dress design ‎ ‎3．fancy adj. 奇怪的；异样的　vt. 想象；设想；爱好 n．想象力；幻想；爱好 fancy oneself (as sth.) 自命不凡；自负 fancy＋n.＋(to be)/as＋n. 认为……是……‎ fancy (one's) doing 想象(某人)做某事 have a fancy for 爱好 catch/take one's fancy 合某人的心意；吸引某人 take a fancy to sb./sth. 喜欢上/爱上某人/某物 Just fancy! [口]想想看！奇怪！‎ Fancy (that)! 真想不到！真奇怪！‎ fancy dress/clothes 奇装异服 ‎[绕口令]Fancy Nancy did not fancy doing fancy work. But fancy Nancy's fancy auntie did fancy Nancy doing fancy work. ‎ 可爱的南希没有想象到能做出出色的工作，而可爱的南希的漂亮的姑姑的确想象到南希做出了出色的工作。‎ ‎[即学即练3](1)Do you __________________this evening？今晚你想不想出去？‎ ‎(2)She _________________________ a famous actress.‎ 她自以为是个有名的演员。‎ ‎(3)She ________________ she was being followed.‎ 她觉得好像自己被跟踪了。‎ fancy going out fancied herself(as/to be)‎ fancied that 提示：fancy用做动词，有时用于祈使句，表示惊奇，不相信，震惊等，后加名词、代词、动名词等做宾语，如Fancy meeting you here！想不到在这儿遇见你！‎ ‎4．doubt n. 怀疑；疑惑　vt. 怀疑；不信 doubtful adj. 怀疑的 beyond/out of doubt 毫无疑问地；确实地 in doubt 不肯定；不确定 no doubt 无疑地；很可能 without doubt 无疑地；确实地 I don't doubt that...我确信……‎ I doubt whether (if)．..我怀疑是否……‎ There is no doubt that－clause about...毫无疑问……‎ 注意：doubt 在肯定句中用 whether或 if引导从句，但在疑问句和否定句中用 that引导从句。‎ ‎[即学即练4](1)_____________________________ they will agree with you on this matter.‎ 毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。‎ ‎(2)_____________________________ their football team will win the match.‎ 他们的足球队会不会赢得这场比赛还不能肯定。‎ ‎(3)I don't doubt______ he can finish the task on time.‎ 我相信他能按时完成任务。‎ There is no doubt that There is some doubt whether that ‎(4)I doubt___________ they can swim across the river.‎ 我怀疑他们能否游过河去。‎ ‎(5)This meeting has been, ____________ , one of the most useful we have had so far.‎ 这无疑是我们迄今为止最有用的一次会议。‎ whether without doubt ‎5．worth prep. 值得的；相当于……的价值 n．价值；作用 adj. 值钱的 be worth＋n.“值……”(仅限于少数表示钱数或某 种代价的比喻性名词)‎ be (well) worth doing “(很)值得做”(用 well修饰；‎ 用动名词的主动式表示被动含义)‎ be worthyof＋n.‎ of＋being done　值得做某事 to be done It is worthwhileto do sth.‎ doing sth.做某事是值得的 另外：worthy 可用做前置定语，表示“有价值的；可敬的”，而 worth不能做前置定语。如：a worthy gentleman 一位可敬的绅士。‎ ‎[即学即练5](1)The trip was expensive but it ‎ ‎________________________.‎ 这次旅行花费很大，但是花的每一分钱都不冤枉。‎ ‎(2)The book is ______ worth _____________.‎ 这本书很值得一读。‎ ‎(3)The article is worthy __________________.‎ ‎____________________________________.‎ ‎____________________________________. ‎ 这篇文章值得仔细研究。 ‎ was worth every penny well reading of careful study of being studied carefully to be studied carefully ‎6．in search of＝in one's search for 寻找；搜寻 search...for...在……里面/身上搜寻 search for＝look for＝hunt for 寻找 search out 找出某人或某物 search through 把……仔细搜寻一遍 make a search for...搜查，搜寻 ‎[即学即练6](1)They started off at once __________________ the missing girl.他们立即出发，寻找失踪的女孩。‎ ‎(2)The police _____________ her ______ drugs.‎ 警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。‎ ‎(3)We have been ____________ the lost boy all over.‎ 我们一直在到处找那失踪的男孩。‎ ‎(4)He __________________ the book and gave it to me.‎ 他找出那本书给了我。‎ ‎(5)He ____________ (through) his pockets ______ a cigarette.‎ 他把自己的口袋找遍了，想找到一根香烟。 ‎ in search of searched for searching for searched out searched for 拓展：in honour of 为了纪念；为向……表示敬意 in praise of 歌颂……；表扬……‎ in memory of 为纪念……‎ in favour of 赞同，支持 in place of 代替 in charge of 负责 in possession of 拥有 in control of 控制 in face of 面对……‎ in need/want of 需要 ‎7．belong to 属于；为……的一员 ‎[即学即练7](1)That dictionary ____________ the library.‎ 那本词典是图书馆的。‎ ‎(2)Do you ____________ the trade union？你是工会会员吗？‎ ‎(3)Where do these plates _______？这些盘子该放在哪？‎ belongs to belong to belong 提示：(1)belong to不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态。‎ ‎(2)belong vi. “适合待在某处，放在某处”，没有含被动意味的过去分词用法。‎ ‎(3)belongings n. 财产，所有物，相关事物 ‎8．in return 作为回报；作为交换 in return for为……作为回报 without return 无赚头；无利润 by return (接信后)立即回复 return sb. sth. (＝return sth. to sb.) 将某物归还某人 return to some place/life 回到某地/复活 ‎[即学即练8](1)He gave her some roses _____________ her kindness.他送给她一些玫瑰答谢她的好意。‎ ‎(2)They let us use their computers, and ____________ we give them the results of our research.他们让我们使用他们的电脑，作为交换，我们给他们提供我们的研究成果。‎ in return for in return ‎9．at war处于交战状态 at work　　　在上班 at play 在玩 at peace 处于和平中 at school 在上学 at breakfast 在吃早饭 at table 在吃饭 at desk 在学习 at rest 静止 ‎[即学即练9](1)The two countries have been __________ for years.这两国已经打了好几年仗了。‎ ‎(2)____________ the insect looks like a dead leaf.‎ 这种昆虫不动时看上去像一片枯叶。‎ ‎(3)The countries have been ____________ for more than a century.这些国家和平共处已有一个多世纪了。‎ at war At rest at peace 提示：(1)on也可以表示“在……中”，常见搭配有：on duty/sale/fire/strike/business/show等。‎ ‎(2)under表示“在……中”，常见搭配有：under way/control/repair/construction等。‎ ‎10．take apart 拆开，拆散 ‎[即学即练10](1)The Germans ____________ the Amber Room and moved it away.‎ 德国人把琥珀屋拆开移走了。‎ ‎(2)John enjoys __________________ to see how they work.约翰喜欢拆卸东西，以研究它们的工作原理。‎ took apart taking things apart 拓展：apart 是副词，“相距，相隔；分开，分离；在一边”。还可以构成如下短语：‎ apart from 除……以外 know/tell... apart 辨认，区别 put/set sb./sth. apart (from sb./sth.)‎ 使某人/某物显得优越或独特 stand apart 分开站 live apart 分开住 be wide/far apart 相距很远 ‎①这些短语中，若代词做宾语，要放在动词与 apart 之间。‎ ‎②apart from有 besides 和 except 的双重含义。‎ ‎11．think highly of 看重；器重 think well/much of sb./sth. 对某人/某物评价高 think badly/little/ill/lightly of sb./sth. ‎ 对某人/某物评价低(印象不好)‎ think poorly of 不放在眼里；轻视 think nothing of 轻视；认为无所谓 speak highly of 高度赞扬 speak well/ill of 说……好/坏 think of 想起，记得；觉得怎样 think of...as...把……当做……‎ ‎[即学即练11](1)I don't __________________ these so－called improvements to the town center.‎ 我对这些所谓的改善市中心的措施评价不高。‎ ‎(2)We all __________________ her.‎ 我们都很看重她。‎ think much of think highly of 提示：当 think highly/well/much...of用于被动结构时，修饰动词的副词应放在动词之前，即：be highly/well/much thought of。‎ Ⅱ.重点句型详解 ‎1．Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世永远想象不到他赠给俄罗斯人民的最厚重的礼物会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。‎ 本句中 could never have imagined为情态动词表推测的用法，can和 could可以用在否定句和疑问句中，后接完成式，表示对已发生的事情的惊讶、怀疑、猜测或不相信等；或接进行时，表示对正发生的事情的惊讶、怀疑、猜测或不相信等；或接原形，表示对现在或一般情况的否定推测。‎ ‎①Could/Can he have been told the news?‎ 他被告知这个消息了吗？‎ ‎②He knew little about Japanese, so he couldn't have learned it. 他对日语一无所知，因此他不可能学过。‎ ‎③The light is out. They can't be at home.‎ 灯灭着，他们现在不可能在家。‎ 拓展：(1)can/could主要用于否定推测；must 表推测只用于肯定句；mustn't表示“禁止；不允许”。情态动词 can和 must表推测时，其反意疑问句的动词形式要依据主句中有无具体时间状语而定。‎ ‎(2)could have done用于肯定句，则表示“本来能够做到却没有做到”，此时 could不能换成 can。‎ ‎①It seems that he is unhappy. He must have been told the bad news.‎ 看起来他不高兴，他一定已被告知这个坏消息了。‎ ‎②He could have caught the early bus, but his bike broke down on the way.‎ 他本能够赶上那辆早班车，但是他的自行车在路上坏了。‎ ‎[即境活用1](1)I ______have been more than six years old when the accident happened.‎ A．shouldn‘t　　　　　　　 B．couldn't C．mustn't D．needn't 解析：本题考查情态动词的用法。must表推测只能用于肯定句，否定句用 can't/couldn't 代替。shouldn't have done表示“本来不该而实际上却做了”，needn't have done表示“本来不必而实际上却做了”，均不合题意。本句译为：当事故发生时我不可能超过6岁。‎ 答案：B ‎ ‎(2)He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.‎ A．could B．would C．must D．need 解析：本题考查情态动词 could have done 表示本来能办到的事，而没有做成。本句译为：他本可以免费进入，却买了票。‎ 答案：A ‎2．After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 从那以后，琥珀屋的最终所归便成了一个谜。‎ remain a mystery为系表结构，在该结构中，remain为系动词，意为“(继续)保持，仍然处于(某种状态)”，后接名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等做表语。‎ ‎①Where he has gone remains a mystery.‎ 他去哪里了仍然是个谜。‎ ‎②Shops remain open till late in the evening.‎ 商店营业到晚上很晚。‎ ‎③Much work remains undone. 还有大量的工作未做。‎ ‎④They remained listening. 他们一直在听。‎ ‎⑤The patient remained in danger. 病人仍处在危险中。‎ ‎⑥That remains to be seen. 那还有待观察。‎ ‎⑦Since it's been a secret so long, it had better remain so.‎ 既然它已是长时间的秘密，还是继续保密为好。‎ 拓展：(1)remain还可用做不及物动词，意为“剩下，还有；(继续)待在某处，继续存在，留下”。‎ ‎①Little of the original architecture remains.‎ 原来的建筑现在留存的已经很少了。‎ ‎②I'll remain to see the end of the game.‎ 我将留下看比赛的结果。‎ ‎(2)辨析 remain/stay/keep ‎①remain继续保持或处于原来的状态。‎ ‎②stay继续保持或处于原来的状态，与 remain同义，但后面不接 to do或 to be done，多接形容词等构成系表结构。‎ ‎③keep需要设法才能保持或处于某种状态。‎ ‎[即境活用2]Please remain ______； the winner of the prize will be announced soon.‎ A．seating B．seated C．to seat D．to be seated 解析：考查 remain后接分词做表语，seat vt.“使就坐”，用过去分词 seated做表语。‎ 答案：B 易 错 点 拨 自我完善·误区备考 ‎1. elect/choose/select/pick ‎(1)elect“选举；选择”，指在一定的范围内或有限的数量中，遵照一定的规章或法制，用投票或举手等表决方式，以多数为标准，选举出代表或负责人；也含有为完成某任务而选择适用的人员的意思。‎ ‎(2)choose“挑选；选择”，指从若干人或事物中找出符合要求、满足需要的人或事物。这种选择取决于个人主观意志，带有最终选定的含义。‎ ‎(3)select“精选”，语气比choose重，而且更正式，强调客观性，挑选对象是同类的。‎ ‎(4)pick常与out连用，有“挑选，选择”之意，指仔细地、精心地选择，带有挑剔意味，有时可与select互换，作“拣出，认出”解。‎ ‎[应用1]　(1)It took her an hour to ___________ a dress that suited her.‎ ‎(2)Chu has been ___________ to attend the National Young Leaders’ Conference.‎ ‎(3)We have __________ him chairman.‎ ‎(4)You should ____________ friends with care.‎ pick(out)‎ selected elected choose ‎2. jewel/jewellery ‎(1)jewel指“宝石，珠宝”，为可数名词。如：valuable jewels“值钱的珠宝”。它也可引申为“被珍视的东西或人”。‎ ‎(2)jewellery也可写做jewelry，为不可数名词，是“珠宝”的总称。‎ ‎[应用2]　(1)He bought a piece of _________ for his wife.‎ ‎(2)His wife is a ___________ to him.‎ jewellery jewel ‎3. remove/move remove和move都表示“移动”。区别是move强调位置和姿态的改变；remove强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的地方，有时相当于take away/off。表示“迁居”时，二者均可。‎ ‎[应用3]　(1)What do you advise for _______________ ink from my clothes?‎ ‎(2)Who __________ my cheese?‎ ‎(3)We are ______________________ from London to the country.‎ removing moved moving/removing 高 效 作 业 自我测评·技能备考 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．There was not enough e_____________ to prove that he stole the wallet. ‎ ‎2．The rare vase was made in Ming D_____________.‎ ‎3．I don't like his s______ of dress.‎ ‎4．Anne's parents died in the earthquake, but she s______.‎ ‎5．I d______ whether what he said was true.‎ ‎6．Before the Nazis came, they were only able to ‎__________(搬动) some of the things.‎ evidence　‎ Dynasty style survived doubt remove ‎7．I found the streets ____________(装饰) with colorful flowers.‎ ‎8．When the boiler _______________(爆炸) many people were hurt by the steam.‎ ‎9．The skirt sells well for its excellent __________(设计)．‎ ‎10．The scientists have made a _________(有价值的) discovery recently.‎ decorated　‎ exploded design valuable Ⅱ .单项选择 ‎1．The little boy was the only one who ______ the earthquake in his village, and the government sent him to a city school after that.‎ A．escaped　　　　　　　　B．experienced C．survived D．suffered 答案：C 解析：survive幸存，幸免于难。escape逃跑，和from连用；experience经历；suffer遭受。‎ ‎2．Leading the US women’s volleyball team back to her hometown for the Beijing Olympic Games, Lang Ping felt ______ when she saw some familiar faces.‎ A．at home B．at heart C．at will D．at sight 答案：A 解析：考查短语辨析。句意为：……当郎平看到一些熟悉的面孔时，她感觉很亲切。at home“自在的，不拘束的”；干扰项at heart意思是“内心里，本质上”；at will意思是“任意，随心所欲地”；at sight意思是“一看到……就”。由题意可知，A为正确答案。‎ ‎3．Children above 12 are able to take part in skiing or other activities ______ for them.‎ A．designed B．designing C．to design D．having designed 答案：A 解析：考查 be designed for sb. “为某人设计”，句中 designed 为过去分词做定语。‎ ‎4．Bad habits are no way easy to be ______； it needs your determination.‎ A．replaced B．disappeared C．removed D．gone 答案：C 解析：句中 remove 相当于 get rid of“摆脱(坏习惯)”。‎ ‎5．—How do you find the British Museum?‎ ‎—Great! It's ______worth ______.‎ A．very; visiting B．well; a visit C．quite; being visited D．very much; visiting 答案：B 解析：worth的修饰语常用 well；worth后可接名词或动名词。‎ ‎6．The twins look so much ______ that it's hard to tell them ______.‎ A．like; part B．likely；partly C．alike; apart D．likely; apart 答案：C 解析：look alike “长得像”，alike 为表语形容词；tell...apart“区别”，apart为副词。‎ ‎7．—What do you think ______ Mr Wang?‎ ‎—He is ______ thought of by us.‎ A．of; well B．about; badly C．over; worse D．of; good 答案：A 解析：What do you think of...？句式表示：“你认为……怎么样？”be well thought of被评价很高。‎ ‎8．He gave us a lot of help when we were in trouble, but we have nothing to give him ______.‎ A．in danger B．in need C．in return D．in fact 答案：C 解析：考查介词短语。“给某人以回报”用 in return。in danger处于危险中；in need 需要；in fact 实际上。‎ ‎9．Even though we have made much progress in preventing pollution, yet much ______.‎ A．is remained to do B．remains to do C．remains to be done D．is remained to be done 答案：C 解析：remain“仍然”，没有被动语态，排除A、D项。remain to be done意为“仍需被做”。‎ ‎10．Her English composition is much too perfect. She ______ it herself, I bet.‎ A．might have written B．can't have written C．can't write D．must have written 答案：B 解析：考查情态动词。语意为：她的英语作文太好了，我打赌一定不是她写的。因为write是过去的动作，表示对过去事情的否定推测用can't ＋have done。故选B项。‎ ‎11．Jenny is always absent from school, ______ I suppose is why she is criticized now and then.‎ A．which B．who C．that D．what 答案：A 解析：考查非限制性定语从句。代替前面一句话的意思，且在从句中做主语，用关系代词 which。‎ ‎12．______ is no doubt ______ the amber room was lost in World War Ⅱ.‎ A．It; that B．It; whether C．There; that D．There; whether 答案：C 解析：考查固定句式和名词性从句。there's no doubt that表示“毫无疑问”，是固定句式，that引导的从句作no doubt的同位语。‎ ‎13．______is known to us all, America is a developed country ______ the First World.‎ A．Which; belonged to B．As; belonging to C．What; belonged to D．It; belonging to 答案：B 解析：第一空 as引导非限制性定语从句，“正如大家所知”；第二空 belonging to为现在分词做后置定语。‎ ‎14．—Can I believe in our monitor?‎ ‎—______. He is honest.‎ A．Don't worry about it B．There's no doubt about it C．That's kind of you to say so D．Just so－so 答案：B 解析：考查交际用语。回答：“毫无疑问。他很诚实。”‎ ‎15．－Long time no see! You look well.‎ ‎－______. You look fine, too.‎ A．Thanks B．Great C．Oh, no D．Not at all 答案：A 解析：对于朋友间的寒暄话，答语要用thanks或thank you。‎ Ⅲ. 阅读理解 A Thanks to science, industry and moral philosophy, mankind's steps were at last guided up the right path in the past century. The 19th century of steam was about to give way to the 20th century of oil and electricity. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, only 41 years old in 1900, provided a scientific basis for the idea that progress was not to be stopped, determined by natural law. And almost everybody thought that the development would continue to be as slow as that in the 19th century.‎ Inventions like the railroad or the telegraph or the typewriter enabled people to live their everyday lives a little more conveniently. No one could have guessed that new ideas would storm the world with a force and frequency at an amazing pace. This high－speed attack of new ideas and technologies seemed to make people believe in the old dreams of a perfect life on earth, of a safe world in which natural disasters would be controlled. But the fast progress was accompanied by something against mankind's will.‎ Murders in Sarajevo (萨拉热窝)in 1914 led to the Great War, which did more than destroy a generation of Europeans. The Great War was most commonly called so until the beginning of World War Ⅱ when it was renamed World War I . Hitler rose to power in the 1930's. It was this very man who ordered the attack of Poland, only to meet with his failure when Great Britain and France made war on Germany. On December 7, 1941, the Japanese bombed the American naval base at Pearl Harbor. Americans decided to enter the war, and World War Ⅱ was now truly a world war.‎ But civilization was not crushed ( 压碎) by the two great wars, and from the ruins people built a way of life again. The citizens of the 20th century felt free to reinvent themselves. In that task they were aided by two far－reaching developments－Psychoanalysis (精神分析)and the bomb.‎ ‎1. It can be inferred from the passage that at the beginning of the 20th century ______.‎ A. great changes occurred between the 19th century and the 20th century B. the world knew nothing about science, industry and moral philosophy C. mankind came to realize there was not a change in the 19th century D. Darwin, the builder of the theory of evolution, was in his forties 答案及解析：‎ ‎1．A。推理判断题。从文章第一段的开头两句话可知。‎ ‎2. Because of the inventions like the railroad, telegraph and typewriter, people could ______.‎ A. know that the progress was made only by scientists B. enjoy their life more comfortably and conveniently C. tell that a mankind killing was about to take place D. make their dreams of a better life and a better world come true 答案及解析：‎ ‎2．B。事实细节题。从文章第二段的开头第一句话可知。‎ ‎3. Why was the Great War renamed as World War Ⅰ？‎ A. Because it destroyed a generation of Europeans.‎ B. Because it was not only a war but a human disaster.‎ C. Because it was followed by the other world war.‎ D. Because it was influenced by new ideas.‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎3．C。事实细节题。从文章第三段的第二句话可知。‎ ‎4. Which happening is NOT mentioned in this passage before World War Ⅱ？‎ A. Hitler came into power.‎ B. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor.‎ C. Poland was attacked by Germany.‎ D. The USA had not planned to go into the war.‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎4．D。A、B、C在文章的第三段都有提到，只有D没有提到。‎ ‎5. What is the writer likely to talk about if he continues to write?‎ A. Citizenship. B. Invention.‎ C. Ruins. D. Psychoanalysis.‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎5．D。推理判断题。psychoanalysis “心理分析”；从文章的最后一句话可知。‎ B YANGON－Myanmar has officially accepted an offer of the United States to send humanitarian aid(人道主义援助) to the country's cyclone(飓风；暴风)victims, state radio reported Friday in a night broadcast. Myanmar Deputy Foreign Minister Kyaw Thu gave the assurance Friday, saying that the country is receiving such relief aid from any country without limit at this time according to its policy(政策) of dealing with the disaster, the report said.‎ Kyaw Thu denied rumors about Myanmar's turning down of such relief materials from Western countries but accept those from nations in good relations with Myanmar, saying that the country has never done so in this case.‎ ‎ Kyaw Thu said that well－wishers abroad may make cash donation through Myanmar embassies(使馆)stationed there, while those who like to donate relief goods may present at the Yangon International Airport and seaports. ‎ According to the report, the US relief aid would arrive in Yangon in days.‎ ‎ A foreign ministry's statement said earlier on Friday that at this moment, the international community can best help the victims by donating emergency provisions such as medical supplies, food, clothes, electricity generators, and materials for emergency shelter or with financial assistance, adding that Myanmar will wholeheartedly welcome such course of action. ‎ The government and the people of Myanmar are grateful to the friendly nations, the United Nations, international organizations, non－governmental organizations, private individuals and others for their sympathy and generosity, it said. ‎ ‎6. Which of the following is true? ‎ A. The US relief aid was turned down at first and then accepted. ‎ B. The US relief aid has been sent to the capital city of Myanmar. ‎ C. There are rumors(谣言)that Myanmar has turned down the US relief aid. ‎ D. Myanmar will wholeheartedly welcome such course of action but the US relief aid. ‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎6．C。细节理解题。根据本文第二段首句Kyaw Thu denied(否认) rumors(谣言) about Myanmar's turning down of such relief materials from Western countries...可知。选项B根据文章According to the report, the US relief aid would arrive in Yangon in days.一句可以排除。‎ ‎7. We Chinese may donate money to help the country's cyclone victims through ______.‎ ‎ A. Myanmar embassies in Beijing ‎ B. the Yangon International Airport ‎ C. the United Nations ‎ D. the Yangon international seaports 答案及解析：‎ ‎7．A。细节理解题。本题可以从第三段首句Kyaw Thu said that well－wishers abroad may make cash donation(现金捐助)through Myanmar embassies(使馆) stationed there...确定本答案。‎ ‎8. What can the international community(组织) donate to best help the victims in Myanmar by?‎ ‎ A. Medical supplies. ‎ ‎ B. Financial assistance.‎ ‎ C. Electricity generator. ‎ ‎ D. All of the above.‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎8．D。细节理解题。可以从倒数第二段找出答案。‎ ‎9. What is Myanmar's policy toward the aids from abroad?‎ ‎ A. Myanmar prefers cash donation to relief goods.‎ ‎ B. Myanmar only receives emergency provisions such as medical supplies, food, clothes, electricity generators, etc.‎ ‎ C. Myanmar receives donation relief aid from any country without any limit.‎ ‎ D. Myanmar prefers relief goods to cash donation.‎ 答案及解析：‎ ‎9．C。细节理解题。答案可以从第二段和倒数第二段找出正确答案。‎ ‎10. The title that best expresses the idea of the passage is ______.‎ A. How to Help Myanmar B. Myanmar Accepts US Humanitarian Aid Officially C. Myanmar Is Receiving Relief Aid from Any Country Without Limit D. The Government and the People of Myanmar Are Grateful 答案及解析：‎ ‎10．B。主旨概括题。从新闻的首段可知本题答案。其他选项均为新闻的细节。‎