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【英语】2018届一轮复习人教版必修3unit5Canada—“TheTrueNorth”学案(2)
重点识记词汇 1.continent n.洲;大陆 2.dawn n.黎明;拂晓;破晓 3.rather than与其;不愿 4.chat vi.& n.聊天;闲聊 5.scenery n.景色;风景 6.manage to do设法做 7.catch sight of看见;瞥见 8.have a gift for对……有天赋 9.in the distance在远处 10.within prep.在……之内 11.settle down定居;平静下来;专心于 12.downtown adj.市区的 adv.在市区;往市区 13.broad adj.宽阔的;广泛的 14.nearby adv.在附近 adj.附近的;邻近的 15.location n.位置;地方→locate v.找出;定居 16.wealthy adj.富有的→wealth n.财富 17.confirm vt.证实;证明;批准→confirmation n.证实 18.tradition n.传统;风俗→traditional adj.传统的 19.measure vi.& vt.测量;衡量;判定 n.计量制;计量单位;措施 20.aboard prep.& adv.在(船、飞机、火车或公共汽车)上;上(船、飞机、火车等) 21.distance n.距离;远方→distant adj.远的;远方的→distantly adv.远隔地;冷淡地;隐约地 22.governor n.州长;总督→govern v.管理;统治→government n.政府 23.slight adj.轻微的;微小的→slightly adv.稍稍;轻微地 24.surround vt.包围;围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.(pl.)周围的事物;环境 25.mix vt.& vi.混合;调配→mixture n.混合(物);混合状态 26.border n.边界;国界;边沿 vt.& vi.与……接壤;接近 27.terrify vt.使恐怖;恐吓→terrifying adj.令人畏惧的→terrified adj.恐惧的;受惊吓 的;感到畏惧的→terror n.恐惧→terrible adj.恐怖的;恐惧的 28.pleased adj.欣喜的;高兴的;愉快的→pleasing adj.令人愉快的→pleasant adj.令人愉快的→pleasure n.快乐;令人高兴的事 29.impress vt.使印象深刻;使铭记→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的;感人的→impression n.印象;感想 必背经典句式 1.Rather than take the aeroplane all the way,they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada. 她们不想一路乘飞机,而决定先飞到温哥华,再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。 2.Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world. 加拿大拥有的饮用水比世界上任何国家都多。 3.The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. 他们要穿越整个大陆的主意是令人兴奋的。 4.It’s too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa,Canada’s capital. 真可惜,你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。 5.It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall,some measuring over 90 metres. 那儿的湿度很大,树木极高,有些树的高度超过90米。 构词记忆 accountant /ə′kaʊntənt/ n.[C]会计(员);会计师 assistant /ə′sIstənt/ n.[C]助手;副手;助理;图书管理员 Ⅰ.词汇与派生 A.语境填词 1.He is a strong man with broad(宽阔的)shoulders. 2.There are seven continents (洲)and four oceans on the earth. 3.Finally,they managed to arrive at their destination at dawn(黎明). 4.He is famous for mixing(混合)Chinese musical traditions with western forms and instrumentation. 5.I planned to go downtown(市区)this Sunday. 6.We have a reservation for you for tomorrow night.Please call to confirm(证实). 7.On the way home,the Smiths stopped to enjoy beautiful mountain scenery(风景). 8.The performance of enterprises was measured(衡量)by profits. 9.Do you need a passport to cross the Scottish border(边界)? 10.There are two long rivers within(在……之内)the continent. B.用所给词的适当形式填空 11.The terrifying sound made me terrified.(terrify) 12.He likes to live in the surroundings which are quiet and beautiful.So last month he bought a new big house in a countryside,which is surrounded by many big trees.The surrounding scenery is also very nice.He is very satisfied with the new house.(surround) 13.I know slightly that he made a slight error.(slightly) 14.The city of Hangzhou is really an impressive place.Especially,the famous West Lake always leaves quite an impression on the visitors.I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I saw it.(impress) 15.Jack Hamilton acquired great wealth in his business and now he is the wealthiest person in his hometown.(wealth) 16.His house stands on a hill and can be seen from a distance of two miles while mine ten miles distant from here,but our two families are distantly related.(distance) Ⅱ.短语运用 A.用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空 catch sight of,mix up,look over,settle down,manage to do,have a gift for,leave for,take measures to do 17.Glancing round,he caught sight of a dark figure in the shadows. 18.We left for the station so early as to catch the first train. 19.Their papers were mixed up in a mess on the desk. 20.He came to miss his homeland when he settled down abroad. 21.It is obvious that the little girl has a gift for learning languages. 22.At the same time they are taking strong measures to protect wildlife resources. 23.Jenny managed to pass her driving test on the fifth attempt. 24.Looked over the city from above,the city is just like a pearl along the coast. B.用方框内所给短语填空 25.Rather than risk breaking up his marriage he told his wife everything. 26.You’ll be accompanied as far as the border;thereafter you must find your own way. 27.I could see the faint gleam of light in the distance. 28.Go straight ahead.At the top of the street you will see the building. 29.One day I lost myself on the way to my uncle’s house. 30.She spent all her savings on a trip to Egypt. 31.The project was completed in less than two years. Ⅲ.经典句式 32.Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad,he sold them at half price. 他不愿让这些蔬菜烂掉,以半价卖了。 33.Bees and ants work harder than any other animal. 蜜蜂和蚂蚁比其它的任何动物都更勤奋。 34.The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 35.The old couple traveled as far as the north of Canada where it is very cold. 这对老夫妇一直旅行到了加拿大寒冷的北部。 36.There being no bus,we had to go home on foot. 没有公共汽车了,我们不得不步行回家。 1 surround vt.围绕;环绕 [应试指导] 过去分词作状语的考查 surround...with...使……包围…… be surrounded with/by被……包围 surrounding adj.周围的 surroundings n.环境 The small churchyard was surrounded by a rusted iron fence.不大的教堂墓地周边围着一圈生锈的铁栅栏。 When the car stopped in the town square it was surrounded by soldiers and militiamen. 当汽车停在城镇广场时立刻被士兵和民兵包围了。 [夯实基础] (1)用surround的适当形式填空 ①The surrounding villages have been absorbed by the growing city. ②Some insects take on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves. ③He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself surrounded. (2)The Swiss can feel secure because they are surrounded by Europe. Surrounded by Europe,the Swiss can feel secure.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写句子) 2 manage v.管理(control);(尤指勉为其难地)做到,达到(succeed in doing sth.) [应试指导] manage it在交际用语中的考查 manage to do...设法做…… manage with...用……对付过去 manage it能做到 Do you believe you can manage to finish the work in an hour?你认为你能在一小时内完成这项工作吗? [词义辨析] manage,succeed,try (1)manage意思是“设法成功地做了”,搭配为manage to do。 (2)succeed意为“成功”,搭配为succeed in doing。 (3)try后接不定式,表示“设法去做;努力去做”,但是不定式的动作或状态未必一定能实现。try doing表示“尝试着做……”。 [夯实基础] (1)用manage,succeed,try的适当形式填空 ①How do you manage to stay so slim? ②At last they succeeded in publishing the book both at home and abroad. ③He tried to come to our party,but he was too busy at that time. (2)他设法从监狱里逃了出来。(一句多译) ①He managed to escape from the prison. (manage) ②He succeeded in escaping from the prison.(succeed) 3 mix v.使混合;掺和(combine A and B together) mix A and B 将A和B混合 mix with sb.和某人交往 be mixed up in/with卷入,牵涉进去 mix up弄乱 mix...up with...误以为……是……;弄错 get mixed up弄糊涂了 Oil does not mix with water.油不融于水。 They don’t mix much with the neighbors. 他们不怎么与邻居交往。 [夯实基础] 用mix的适当形式填空 (1)The city is a mixture of old and new buildings. (2)I don’t want to be mixed up in such a business. (3)This mixed drink tastes tasty. (4)Don’t get them mixed,or it will be terrible. (5)With mixed feelings on mind,she doesn’t know what to do next. 4 impress v.使印象深刻;使铭记(have a great effect on);使意识到(make sb. understand...) [应试指导] (1)过去分词作状语 (2)写作高分句式:What impressed sb.is/was that... impress...on...把……印在……上 impress sth.on/upon sb.=impress sb.with...使某人牢记某事 be impressed by/with...对……印象深刻 leave/make/create a/an...impression on sb.给某人留下一个……的印象 What impressed him most was their speed. 最令他佩服的是他们的速度。 I was very impressed by one young man at my lectures.来听我课的一个年轻人给我留下了很深的印象。 [夯实基础] 用impress的适当形式填空 (1)The film’s special effects are particularly impressive. (2)I was very impressed by the efficiency of the staff. (3)The book left a deep impression on him. (4)What was so impressive about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted. (5)Impressed by the beautiful scenery,I forgot to go back home in time. 5 rather than宁愿……而不愿……;而不是……;与其……倒不如…… [应试指导] 主谓一致及并列结构的考查 would rather do...than do...=would do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做…… would rather+从句,宁愿……(从句中用一般过去时表示与现在、将来事实相反的假设;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的假设 prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做…… other than除了……以外 or rather更确切地说 Things are getting better rather than worse. 事情没有在恶化,而是在好转。 She would rather die than give a speech. 她宁愿死也不愿意演讲。 [夯实基础] 语法填空 (1)The boy prefers to play(play) rather than study (study). (2)I would rather you came(come) tomorrow. (3)Rather than ride in a crowded bus in the morning,I always prefer to ride a bicycle.(ride) (4)I would rather you had told(told) me the truth yesterday. (5)What we expect from you is working hard rather than hardly working(work). (6)Facing up to your problems rather than running(run) away from them is the best approach to working things out. 6 as far as远至;就……而言 as far as sb.be concerned在某人看来 as far as sb.know(s)/tell(s)据某人所知 as long as 和……一样长;只要 as many/much/little/few as和……一样多(少) as...as possible尽可能地…… As far as I know,they quarreled very often at that time. 据我所知,那时他们经常吵架。 As long as you can come,you are always welcome. 只要你能来随时欢迎。 [夯实基础] (1)在我看来,必须立即采取措施。(翻译句子) As far as I’m concerned,immediate action should be taken. (2)—How far apart do they live? —As far as I know(据我所知),they live in the same neighborhood. 1 It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall,some measuring over 90 metres.那儿湿气大,树木极高,有些树高度超过90米。 some measuring over 90 metres为独立主格结构,在句中作状语。独立主格结构由“逻辑主语+逻辑谓语”构成,逻辑主语由名词或主格代词构成,逻辑谓语可以是名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词等。 Leaves falling here and there,I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon. 树叶到处飘着,我一下子意识到秋天来临了。 His dinner eaten alone,Philip walked straight into the library. 独自一个人吃完饭后,菲利普径直走进图书馆。 [夯实基础] 把下列句子改为独立主格结构 (1)Because he is ill,we’ll have to do his work. He being ill,we’ll have to do his work. (2)After the ceremony was over,we went home directly. The ceremony over,we went home directly. (3)When George yawned,the conversation dropped. George yawning,the conversation dropped. (4)His first shot was a failure and Dyke fired again. His first shot a failure,Dyke fired again. (5)After the lecture was given,a lively questionandanswer session followed. The lecture having been given,a lively questionandanswer session followed. 2They were not leaving for Montreal until later,so they went on a tour of the city.她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔,因此就在多伦多市内游览了一番。 (1)until引导时间状语从句,如果主句的谓语动词是延续性的,那么这个主句需用肯定式。若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的,则主句常用否定式,构成not...until...结构。 (2)在not...until...句型结构中,可以把not until提到句首,句子用倒装语序。 (3)not...until...句型的强调句式为:It is/was not until...that...。 If I ride a bike,I’ll always keep to the right and never cross a road until the traffic light turns green. 如果我骑自行车,我总是靠右走,直到交通灯变绿才过马路。(安徽·书面表达) [夯实基础] (1)I didn’t leave until he came. ①Not until he came did I leave.(改成倒装句) ②It was not until he came that I left.(用强调句型强调until部分) (2)Not until he went through real hardship did he realize(他才意识到) the love we have for our families is important. 3单元语法——用同位语从句改写下列句子 (1)They are familiar with the opinion.All matter consists of atoms. →They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms. (2)Where did you get the idea?I could not come. →Where did you get the idea that I could not come? (3)We haven’t yet settled the question.Where are we going to spend our summer vacation? →We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. (4)The suggestion came from the chairman.The new rule should be adopted. →The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule should be adopted. (5)They were delighted at the news.Their team had won. →They were delighted at the news that their team had won. 高考题组 Ⅰ.短文改错(2012·辽宁) Dear Diana, Thank you for the lovely day we have with you.It was so kind for you to let us bring Anne’s friend,Gina.Unfortunate,the only problem was the journey home.There had been a terrible accident on the highway and,for a result,there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile.In the end,we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear.In the car park here Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry.They finally dropped Gina off at her parents’ and made our own way to home. Much love, Fiona 答案 Dear Diana, Thank you for the lovely day we with you.It was so kind you to let us bring Anne’s friend,Gina.,the only problem was the journey home.There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, a result,there was a long line of traffic for at least six .In the end,we drove to a service station and waited there the road was clear.In the car park Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. finally dropped Gina off at her parents’ and made our own way to home. Much love, Fiona Ⅱ.写作常用句翻译 1.我们应该严格并自愿地遵守交通规则,做到红灯停,而不是一味地抱怨交通堵塞。(rather than)(2013·江苏·书面表达) We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules,stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams. 2.据我所知,你的基金会(foundation)能帮助那些处于绝种边缘的物种。(as far as sb.know)(2013·重庆·写作二) As far as I know,your foundation can help those species that are at the edge of distinction. 3.2012年,他通过网上学习成功拿到了第四个学位。(manage)(2012·广东·基础写作) In 2012,he managed to get his fourth degree by network learning. 4.只有这样我们才能生活在更美丽更舒适的环境里。(surroundings)(2012·福建·书面表达) Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings. 5.事实上,直到我上中学被选为班长时才意识到它的重要性。(not...until...)(2011·湖北·短文写作) In fact,I didn’t realize its importance until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school. 模拟题组 Ⅰ.语法填空 1.Your house is always so neat—how do you manage it with three children? 2.People often mix him up with his brother. 3.The terrified look on the actress’ face showed that she was greatly terrified.(terrify) 4.The whole nation was impressed(impress) by the young generation’s excellent performances when the disaster happened. 5.My father has a gift for playing the piano,which has a great influence on me. 6.It being(be) Sunday,rather than stay at home,I preferred to travel. 7.Not until Jane got off the bus did she find her wallet missing. 8.There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. 9.It’s getting dark.We’d better find a hotel and settle down. 10.In ancient times,people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled as far as the local market. Ⅱ.单句改错 1.We admire her for she has gift for singing and dancing.gift前加上a 2.The terrible sound made me terrifying.terrifying→terrified 3.We couldn’t decide whether to go to eastward or westward.去掉go后面的to 4.We often chat with our school life in the past.with→about 5.Before he left,the visiting professor expressed his hope he would come to China again to give lectures the next year.hope后加上that 6.Standing on the top of the hill,and you can see as far as the sea.去掉and或standing→stand 7.He asked how the distance was between Beijing and Qingdao.how→what 8.Have you ever dreamed of being such a good chance for further education abroad?of后加上there 9.He came rather close to where I was hiding and my heart beat faster.close→closer 10.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain being seated as the plane was making a landing.去掉being Ⅲ.写作句式升级训练 We expect that every one of you will be part of the event.It encourages creative minds.(素材来源于2014·辽宁·书面表达) Every one of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds.(用expect的被动形式及which从句改写句子) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A In 2011,677 US bicyclists died and 48,000 were injured in collisions with motor vehicles. As an active cyclist who regularly rides in New York City,I’m always looking for ways to make riding safer.So I was curious to learn about Zackees,a company that on Monday launched a campaign to raise money to massproduce its first product:Turn Signal Gloves. The gloves are exactly what they sound like:cycling gloves (the company is also marketing them to runners,rollerbladers and skateboarders) decorated with bright LED arrows to let those around you know that you’re there and turning. Zackees Turn Signal Gloves,which have a processor sewn into the top of each glove,are incredibly simple to use.All it takes to light up the gloves is touching the small metal plates on the thumb and index finger together.The gloves are equipped with sensors that detect the light around you,and the brightness of the LED lights are adjusted accordingly. They’re designed to signal to those in front of you without taking your hands off the handlebars.But you do have to remove one hand from the bars to signal to those behind you. The concept is not entirely new.There’s at least one other company that makes a similar product.A Japanese company makes LEDs that you can fasten to your own gloves,but it does not appear they are currently for sale in the U.S.A notice on the website seeks distributors,and an email to the company was not immediately returned.A DIY kit to make lightup “BikingGloves” is available on Etsy for 28. The gloves are expected to ship in May,2014.If you can’t wait,you can drop 399 for an “early adopter” pair made in San Francisco. 1.How does the author feel about “Turn Signal Gloves”? A.Interested. B.Puzzled. C.Disappointed. D.Concerned. 答案 A 解析 观点态度题。根据第二段的“I was curious to learn about”可推知选A。 2.We learn from the text tha Turn Signal Gloves . A.have already been massproduced B.are decorated with bright arrows C.have a processor as well as sensors D.are extremely complicated to use 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段的“which have a processor sewn into the top of each glove”及“The gloves are equipped with sensors that detect the light around you”可知选C。 3.What does the underlined word “distributors” in Paragraph 6 mean? A.Someone marketing goods. B.Goods. C.Emails. D.Gloves to be marketed. 答案 A 解析 词义猜测题。根据该段叙述可知,distributors在此指经销商,故选A。 4.The best title of the passage may be “ ”. A.A Pair of Gloves Could Save Your Life B.A Pair of Gloves Only for Riding Your Bike C.An Advertisement for Promoting Gloves D.A Pair of Gloves Could Cost You Your Life 答案 A 解析 标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知,A项作为本文的标题最合适。 B Majors give students direction and allow them to map out their path to graduation.Some majors,such as engineering,information technology or accounting,also help prepare students to enter a specific career field. Students who select a major that matches their interests are more likely to stick with it and finish their degree on time,but few high school graduates are choosing a major that suits them,a report released today by ACT Inc.finds. Almost 80 percent of ACT testtakers who graduated in 2013 said they knew which major they would follow in college.Of those students,only 36 percent chose a major that fits their interests,according to the study.“This disconnect isn’t exactly surprising,” says Beth Heaton,senior director of educational consulting.She now advises teens to try to get into college.“The vast majority of them have no idea what they really want to do when they grow up.Even the ones who claim that they do,” she says.“How can you know?If you’re 16,17,18,you know so little of the world.” “Students shouldn’t panic,” Healton says.Instead,they should use their first year or two of college to figure out what they want to do with the rest of their lives.Teens shouldn’t rule out an entire career field simply because they struggle in a specific subject,Healton adds.“Let’s say you love the world of medicine,of helping people get better.Maybe you’re not a science person so you’re never going to be a doctor,but there are a lot of ways you can work in that industry without having to be on a science side of it,” she says.“Take a broader look at things.” 5.What can be inferred from the passage? A.Choosing the right college major is significant. B.Combining interests and major is a piece of cake. C.Focusing on the major benefits your future career. D.Choosing the major is based on your interests. 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。结合全文,尤其是文章的第一段可知,专业可以指引学生的方向,可以帮助他们规划毕业道路,有些还可以使学生提前进入一个特定的职业领域,由此可知,选择合适的专业很重要。从第二段可知,真正把爱好和专业结合在一起的人并不多,说明不容易;从最后一段可知C项与作者的建议相悖;D项叙述不正确,专业的选择并不都是基于爱好的。 6.Students who fail to match majors and interests are more likely to . A.graduate at the expected time B.drop out of their chosen majors C.know much of the world D.find their favorite career majors 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Students who select a major that matches their interests are more likely to stick with it...”可知选B。 7.According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE? A.Most students know what they want to do when they grow up. B.As teens,most students really have much to learn about the world. C.36 percent of the students chose a major that fits their interests. D.Almost 20 percent of ACT testtakers knew what they should do. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you’re 16,17,18,you know so little of the world.” 可知答案。 8.The last paragraph mainly tells that students should . A.figure out the potential problems B.love the science of medicine C.have a broader view D.follow their own wills 答案 C 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句可知选C。 Ⅱ.语法填空 There are moments in life 9.when you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them for real! When the door of happiness closes,10.another opens,but often we look so long at the closed door 11.that we don’t see the one which has been opened for us. Don’t go for looks;they can deceive(欺骗).Don’t go for wealth;even that fades away.Go for someone that makes you smile because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright. Dream what you want to dream;go where you want to go;be 12.what you want to be. The 13.happiest (happy) people don’t 14.necessarily(necessary) have the best of everything;they just make the most of everything that 15.comes(come) along their way.The brightest future will always be based 16.on a 17.forgotten (forget) past. When you were born,you were crying and everyone 18.around you was smiling. Live your life so that when you die,you’re the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying. Ⅲ.短文改错 Is online reading good to us?Opinions differ.Defenders insist online reading can arouse students’ interests in reading.Also,the Internet offers much wide choices than paper books.Critics,thus,hold the opposite opinions.They say though online reading has been making more interesting by cartoons or pictures,this is not really reading.What’s more,many materials that are offered on the Internet does no good to young readers.Finally,exposed to the computer screen for long harms our eyes.I think parents should choose proper books for you and I also suggest parents to help us form the habit of critical reading. 答案 Is online reading good us?Opinions differ.Defenders insist online reading can arouse students’ in reading.Also,the Internet offers much choices than paper books.Critics,,hold the opposite opinions.They say though online reading has been more interesting by cartoons or pictures,this is not reading.What’s more,many materials that are offered on the Internet no good to young readers.Finally, exposed to the computer screen for long harms our eyes.I think parents should choose proper books for and I also suggest parents to或 help us form the habit of critical reading. Ⅳ.书面表达 假设你是李华,准备向学校《英语园地》投稿。请先描述图画内容,然后以“两代人不同的交流方式”为话题写一篇英语短文。 注意:1.词数100左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考范文 As the picture shows, the grandfather wants to have a chat with his grandson, but the little boy feels puzzled and says it is hard because his grandfather doesn’t know how to use the computer. As times change, people, especially the young, are sharing their ideas and thoughts in many new ways.Rather than talk with each other face to face,they keep in touch, for example, by surfing the Internet.But the previous generations are not used to following this trend. We young people are enjoying technical fruits;the elders are left alone.I suggest we spare some time and keep them company for a while.We are fading one day,too.查看更多