高考英语二轮复习专题7阅读理解模式1细节理解题讲练

高考英语二轮复习专题7阅读理解模式1细节理解题讲练

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 专题七 阅读理解 新高考命题分析 命题 规律 作为浙江高考改革后的首次高考，阅读规律由原来 4 篇 20 个题 40 分变为新高 考的 3 篇 10 个题 25 分，长度、难度及分值都有所变化。 1．体裁呈现均匀分布，而题材趋向多样化。 2．所选的短文多为外国人写的反映外国事物的内容。 3．所选的短文内容贴近生活，充满着现代生活气息，反映了当代生活的最新 发现。 4．在原文直接找答案的题目大幅度减少，而根据短文内容进行推理判断、猜 测词义、推断作者写作意图的题目递增，深层次理解题的比例增加。 解题 策略 1.讲究词汇记忆质量，提升阅读理解能力 英语阅读能力高低，关键在于词汇量，所以学生一定要注意词汇记忆的质量， 注意积累和掌握处理词汇的四个基本能力：①根据构词法判断衍生词、派生词 和合成词的词义和词性的能力；②根据篇章语境和上下文断定一词多义、熟词 生义的语言能力：⑧娴熟掌握篇章中语言借代的现象；④准确判断与阅读理解 密切相关的一些语言功能现象，如：逻辑连词，递进衔接词和语法连接词。 2．精读泛读相互融合，确保能力开阔视野 精读的目的是：弄清每个词汇的确切含义和其语言功能，整体把握篇章，了解 谋篇布局和熟悉作者的语言结构。通过精读反过来促进词汇记忆和应用，同时 又能达到学习他人的写作目的。泛读的目的是：坚持每天读一点，旨在开阔视 野，增加英美文化背景知识，扩大知识面有助于提升阅读理解能力，以此不断 丰富自己处理语言的能力。 3．正确掌握阅读速度，强化阅读理解精度 学生应采用正确的阅读方法，把自己的注意力集中在语义上，准确领会作者的 写作意图为阅读第一要素。应用“意群理解”的阅读方式，多用略读、跳读、 扫读和回读的快捷方法，在最短的时间内找寻关键词、主题句及作者意图等重 要信息。为提高阅读速度，最好坚持有针对性的限时阅读训练策略的强化，提 升阅读速度的同时又能把握阅读理解的精度。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 模式 1| 细节理解题 事实认定 数学计算 顺序排列 图表鉴别 通过阅读，认定文中 出现的 who，what， when，where，which， how 等 具 体 事 实 信 息。 对文中所涉及的年代、 年龄、数量、钱款等进 行规整、计算、换算， 得出试题所要求的答 案。 对文中所列举的事 实、事项、事件等按 照时间、空间或逻辑 顺序的关系进行恰 当排序。 用图表代替具体 事实，使文中的 某 些 信 息 更 直 观、更形象地得 以展现。 解 题 技 巧 (1)略读、跳读，锁定与问题相关的信息范围，定位相关的词语或句子。 (2)读选项，理解各选项的意义，比较各选项的意义差别。 (3)通过直接信息认定、同义替换对应，筛选出正确答案。 (4)重点关注给出的例证、类比、顺序等重要信息点。 [例 1] (2016·全国甲卷·A) What's On? Electric Underground 7．30pm—1.00am Free at the Cyclops Theatre Do you know who's playing in your area? We're bringing you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands.Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so，come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye，a successful record producer.He's going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music. Gee Whizz 8．30pm—10.30pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope Come and see Gee Whizz perform.He's the funniest standup comedian on the comedy scene.This joyful show will please everyone，from the youngest to the oldest.Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks (快餐)． Simon's Workshop 5．00pm—7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy.The workshop looks at every kind of comedy，and practices many different ways of making people laugh.Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years' experience of teaching comedy.His workshops are exciting and fun.An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny. Charlotte Stone 8．00pm—11.00pm Pizza World Fine food with beautiful jazz music；this is a great evening out.Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new bestselling CD，with James Pickering on the piano.The menu is Italian，with excellent meat and fresh fish，pizzas and pasta (面食)．Book early to get a table.Our bar is open all day，and serves cocktails，coffee，beer， and white wine. 1．Who can help you if you want to have your music produced? A．Jules Skye. B．Gee Whizz. C．Charlotte Stone. D．James Pickering. 2．At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh? A．The Cyclops Theatre. B．Kaleidoscope. C．Victoria Stage. D．Pizza World. 3．What do we know about Simon's Workshop? A．It requires membership status. B．It lasts three hours each time. C．It is run by a comedy club. D．It is held every Wednesday. 4．When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs? A．5.00pm—7.30pm. B．7.30pm—1.00am. C．8.00pm—11.00pm. D．8.30pm—10.30pm. 1.A [细节理解题之事实认定。可采用定位的方法，锁定与问题相关的信息范围。通过 把题干中的 have your music produced 与第一则广告中 produce your music 进行对比，可 得知 Jules Skye 会提出一些建议来帮助你。] 2．B [细节理解题之事实认定。可定位相关的句子，从而锁定与问题相关的信息范围。 通过题干中的 enjoy a good laugh 与第二则广告中的 make you laugh 进行对比，把题干中 people of different ages 与广告中的 everyone，from the youngest to the oldest 进 行对比可判定应为第二则广告的地点 Kaleidoscope。] 3．D [细节理解题之事实认定。可通过直接信息认定，筛选出正确答案。从题干得知 本题涉及第三则广告的相关信息，从 5.00 pm－7.30 pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage 可以判定，该活动每个星期三举办。] 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 4．C [细节理解题之事实认定。可通过直接信息认定，筛选出正确答案。从题干可知 本题的信息来自最后一则广告，该广告开头就交代了时间：晚上 8 点到 11 点。] [例 2] (2015·四川高考·C·节选)Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work.Now，the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours，they would earn as much as ￡172，000 a year. The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do，as well as the hours they are working，to determine the figure.This would make their yearly income ￡30，000 more than the Prime Minister earns. 38．How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister? A．￡30，000. B．￡142，000. C．￡172，000. D．￡202，000. B [细节理解题之数字计算。可通过定位相关句子，锁定与问题相关的信息范围。根据 文中的“they would earn as much as ￡172，000 a year”可以得知母亲们一年可赚￡172， 000；而根据文中“This would make their yearly income ￡30，000 more than the Prime Minister earns.”可以得知她们比首相多赚￡30，000；把两者相减即可得出首相的年薪， 也就是￡142，000。]